This paper presents an image-processing-based model for calculating the interfacial-area concentration (IAC) of a low-pressure microbubble (LPMB) scrubber, which facilitates the determination of operational conditions of the scrubber via flow-pattern analysis. The LPMB scrubber maximizes the interfacial area of two-phase systems using the bubbly flow. Microbubbles have received attention due to their

Extensive uncertainties exist in hydroclimatic risk analysis. Especially in multivariate hydrologic risk inferences, uncertainties in individual hydroclimatic extremes such as floods and their dependence structure may lead to bias and uncertainty in future hydrologic risk predictions. In this study, a parameter uncertainty and sensitivity evaluation (PUSE) framework is proposed to quantify parameter

In this study, an integrated method (abbreviated as MGCMs-SCA-FER) is developed for assessing the impacts of climate change, which incorporates multiple global climate models (MGCMs), stepwise cluster analysis (SCA), and fixed-effects regression (FER) within a general framework. MGCMs-SCA-FER is capable of (i) dealing with the uncertainty in climate change projection caused by heterogeneity of structures

In this paper, a non-linear mathematical model is proposed and analyzed to study the effects of mitigation options on the control of methane emissions in the atmosphere caused by rice paddies and livestock populations to reduce global warming. In the modeling process, it is assumed that the cumulative biomass density of rice paddies and the density of livestock populations follow logistic models with

Global environmental quality is a rapidly developing and complicated subject in need of a new method for evolutionary analyses. This paper proposes an informetric dynamic co-word network to study the evolution of global environmental quality research (GEQR), making a significant contribution to the available literature. First, it was observed that GEQR has been vigorously developing and hotspots have

When studying a phenomenon on the earth surface, such as natural disaster, water pollution and land use, the data in some geographic units may be insufficient. Most interpolation models cannot estimate missing data because they rely on continuous assumptions, however most geospatial data is not continuous. In this article, we develop an information diffusion technique, called self-learning discrete

This study proposes an integrated Geographic Information System (GIS)Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision Making (F-MCDM)model to assess the impacts of flood on residential property prices. Triangular Fuzzy numbers was implemented to address limitationssuch as uncertainty, bias and ambiguity inherent in the conventional Analytic Network Process (ANP) flood model criteria ranking thereby improving the accuracy

In South Korea, the endangered Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) populations have been recovered throughout the country. To examine the status of otter populations, we monitored spraint densities at 250 ~ 355 sites annually from 2014 to 2017 in the Nakdong River basin. The diffusion kernel method was applied to both binary and continuous spraint data. Two geographical popula - tions were identified: northern

This study was undertaken to produce local, short-term, artificial intelligence-based models that estimate the ozone level with special attention to the relationship between diurnal and nocturnal ozone variations of some primary pollutants and meteorological parameters in the city of Marrakesh, Morocco. Hourly data has been collected from the three air-quality monitoring stations in the city. This

Changes in runoff and sediment transport in the Middle Reach of the Huai River have been studied by using 58 years of field data. The runoff yield from the Huai River watershed mainly occurs in the sub-watershed of the river. At the downstream Wujiadu station, the difference in total drainage area between the south and the north branches of the river is 43% while the difference in runoff yield is only

Most ecological operation charts of hydropower stations have focused on the average ecological benefits over a long period of time, while the possible ecological damage caused by flood or drought is often overlooked or averaged out. This study proposed a new hydropower-ecological operation chart of cascade hydropower stations, in which limited ecological curves were introduced and optimized to alleviate

Considering the multiple uncertainties in agricultural water resources management systems, this paper established an agricultural water optimal allocation model under uncertainty for Shijin irrigation district (ID). Uncertainties of four parameters, in- cluding precipitation, available groundwater, purchase prices of crops and crop cultivated area, were fully considered. Agricultural wa- ter allocation

The spatial distribution, magnitude and timing of precipitation events are being altered globally, often leading to extreme hydrologic conditions with serious implications to ecosystem services, water, food and energy security, as well as the welfare of billions of people. Motivated by the pressing need to understand, from a hydro-ecological perspective, how the dynamic nature of the hydrologic cycle

Understanding the water quality in mountainous rivers is critical for sustainable water resources management. By using the rivers’ self-purification to improve water quality is also the most economical and sustainable way to clean water. In the present study, the QUAL2KW model is applied to investigate the water quality and self -purification capacity in a mountainous river. The Abbasabad River in

Accurate streamflow estimation remains a great challenge although diverse modeling techniques have been developed during recent decades. In contrast to the process based models, the empirical data driven methods are easy to operate, require low computing capacity and yield fairly accurate outcomes, among which the state space (STATE) approach takes use of the temporal structures inherent in streamflow

Best Management Practices (BMPs) are commonly adopted to ameliorate the quality of runoff and reduce the frequency and intensity of flash floods in urban areas. To date, many of the BMP studies are conducted using coarse resolution data. However, the accuracy of such studies may be compromised due to the shortcomings inherent in the input data; as such, the evaluation of the BMP cost-effectiveness

In this paper the proposed constrained gravitational search algorithm (CGSA) is extended and used to solve multi-reservoir operation optimization problem. Tow constrained versions of GSA named partially constrained GSA (PCGSA) and fully constrained GSA (FCGSA) are outlined to solve this optimization problem. In the PCGSA, the problem constraints are partially satisfied, however, in the FCGSA, all the

Restricted by conventional energy resources and environmental space, the sustainable development of urban power sector faces enormous challenges. Renewable energy generation and carbon capture and storage (CCS) are attractive technologies for reducing conventional energy resource consumption and improving CO2 emission mitigation. Considering the limitation of expensive investment cost on their wide

Leaf Area Index (LAI) is an important structural feature of our ecosystem as it affects energy, carbon, and water exchanges between the land surface and overlying atmosphere. Global scale LAI datasets have been obtained by regression, heuristic data driven, and radiative transfer models using remotely sensed land surface reflectance data. However, the estimation of LAI from remotely sensed data is

Simulation methods have become an important tool to reveal radionuclide migration during accidental radionuclide releases and predict influences of accidents on the marine environment. The instantaneous point source model is a useful method to simulate the large-scale radionuclide diffusion in marine areas. However, the simulation accuracy of this method requires improvement as it didn’t take radionuclide

As the largest hydropower project in China, the impact of the Three Gorges Project (TGP) on the ecological environment has aroused public attention and has been studied from various aspects. After the TGP was operated, seasonably adjusted runof f by the Three Gorge Reservoir (TGR) might cause great changes of hydrological regime in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, especially the estuarine areas

Ambient air PM2.5 is one of the major pollutants linked to respiratory and lung diseases in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), which is China’s leading economic region and one of the top economic regions worldwide. The main objectives of this work is to compare the accuracy of some widely-used techniques to characterize and predict the space-time distribution of ground-level PM2.5 in the YRD, and to propose

The OH-induced reactions are the most important reactions for the degradation of pharmaceutical and personal care proucts (PPCPs) in advanced oxidation process (AOP) systems. In this work, the transformation mechanisms of a typical PPCP, ketprofen (KP), are investigated in detail by combined density functional theory (DFT) simulations and laboratory experiments. We find that Habstraction pathways are

Reconstructing past hydroclimatic variability using climate-sensitive paleoclimate proxies provides context to our relatively short instrumental climate records and a baseline from which to assess the impacts of human-induced climate change. However, many approaches to reconstructing climate are limited in their ability to address sampling variability inherent in different climate proxies. We iteratively

The spatial structure of climatic variables synthesized by a weather generator has considerable impact on the modeling of hydrological variability; however, in most cases, it needs computationally intensive work to reproduce multisite and/or multivariate correlations. This work proposed a two-stage weather generator (TSWG) to preserve intersite and intervariable correlations of daily precipitation

In this study, a theoretical model of ecosocial climax is developed to evaluate human community in order to ensure efficient protection of ecosystem. Unlike previous works that emphasize analysis of nature, the present model are based on such ecological concepts as ecological chain and climax to analyze the problems of ecosocial system. The proposed model is used to compare the two ecosystems in George

Due to its versatility, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) has been widely applied to investigate the effects of management activities and climate change on water availability and quality. However, the use of high spatial resolution data and the advantages of SWAT itself have significantly increased the input/output (I/O) demand and thus the runtime of modeling routines that require a large

Nitrate contamination of groundwater is increasingly becoming a global concern due to its potential risks for human health. Fertilizer overuse is often thought to be the cause and a reduction in fertilizer use considered the most effective way of reducing contamination. The present study, however, presents the case of Zhangye City, Gansu Province, China, in which the nitrate contamination of underground

Substituting woody products with wood plastic composite (WPC) products has attracted many interests in recent years. This article seeks to provide an approach to construct a reliable network of closed loop supply chain (CLSC) facilities for WPC industry. The WPC products could be thoroughly collected and recycled and used as raw material for producing new products. In this paper, a mathematical model

Accurate assessment of air pollution exposure is crucial to better public health. Routine monitoring is done by standardized Air Quality Monitoring (AQM) stations, which are spread thinly due to size and cost. Recent technological developments have made Wireless Distributed Environmental Sensor Networks (WDESNs) that consist of low-cost Micro Sensing Units (MSUs) feasible. These MSUs can be spread

In oil sands open-pit mining, further processing of the extracted oil sands generates massive volumes of tailings. To save space, the tailings are deposited in in-pit tailings containments constructed by internal dykes using mine waste material. In this paper, an integrated mine planning framework is proposed and implemented using mixed-integer linear programming to optimize the production schedule

River sediments, functioning as sink and source for nutrients, are one of the most diverse bacteria habitats in freshwater ecosystems. Recently, more attention has been paid to the sediment bacteria because of their important roles in biogeochemical cycling. Our study addresses the question of how sediment bacterial community varies taxonomically and functionally along one of the largest plateau river

Cold climate regions provide a multitude of ecosystem services. However, cold regions under a changing climate could be more vulnerable than others because their glaciers, freezing soils and peatlands are sensitive to the slightest of changes in climate. This has posed serious threats to the water resources, sustainable goods production and ecosystem services that depend on regional water quality.

In municipal solid waste (MSW) management, many impact factors, such as waste generation rate, treatment capacity, diversion goal, and disposal cost appear uncertain. These uncertainties can result in difficulties in the long-term planning of MSW management activities. A critical issue that decision makers should mitigate is how to address these uncertainties due to a lack of knowledge founded on an

Most population distribution studies have focused on a single spatial resolution scale, thus, leading to a limited representation of the “real-world”. The present work, instead, proposes a “zoom lens” approach to detect and remove localized variation while retaining the general population distribution trends at multiple resolution scales. Different “focal length optics” are able to eliminate the unnecessary

A multiple regression method (MRM) is used for the first time with Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data to estimate formaldehyde (HCHO) column over Asia in two categorized areas: (1) anthropogenic areas in East Asia (east-central China, Beijing, Seoul, and Tokyo) and (2) biogenic and pyrogenic areas (Indochina and South Borneo). In order to

The Maotiao River is playing an indispensable role in protecting water quality of the Yangtze River of China. Its hydropower development also provides adequate power and clean resources for the local areas. To understand the water quality of the upper reaches (i.e., Maijia River), seven indices such as dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (CODCr), biochemical oxygen demanded (BOD5), ammonia

A significant decrease in annual runoff (AR) in the headwater region of Yellow River, China, has been observed during the past decades, which produces a recognized impact on long-term water resources management and planning. In this paper, the Pettitt method and Sequential Clustering method are used to detect the change point of AR and annual precipitation (AP) series. On the basis of the change point

Mining activities contribute the high level of air pollution at ground level and have significant environmental impacts. There is an urge to develop an integrated modeling system which helps to analyze these pollutants and their control strategies. Therefore, a new integrated approach is conceptualized as life cycle based air quality modeling system (LCAQMS) for the mining. This paper focuses on incorporating

There is a need to determine the maximum backwater staging possible from ice jam flooding along high flood risk prone sections of northern rivers. Similar to the probable maximum flood PMF, which is primarily estimated for the most extreme open-water floods, probable maximum floods from ice jamming PMFice can provide upper thresholds of water level elevations so essential for infrastructure designed

Two basin-wide hydrologic-economic optimization models are presented to estimate how much water can be conserved while maintaining at least the same level of economic output. Water consumption is interpreted as either water diverted to consumptive users or water consumed by all users. Two different formulations for representing the two interpretations of water consumption are examined. The characteristics

Parametric sensitivity analysis (SA) aims to select the sensitive parameters that most significantly affect the model output variables, which helps to improve model optimization efficiency by adjusting a small number of sensitive parameters instead of all adjustable parameters. The qualitative and quantitative SA methods have been commonly used to quantify the sensitive parameters of the models. However

Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake, the China’s two largest freshwater lakes, are the most important wintering area and pathways for migratory birds in East Asia. As a result of human activities (impounding of the Three Gorges Dam (TGD), and sand mining) and climate change, the dry season of Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake came early after the impoundment of TGD. And the early dry season (EDS) would change

Information provision is a relatively recent but steadily growing environmental policy tool. Its emergency and topicality are due to the current escalation of ecological threats. Meanwhile, its high complexity and flexibility require a comprehensive approach to its design, which has to be tailored for specific characteristics of production process, market structure, and regulatory goals. This work

Resilience is a multifaceted concept describing the ability to cope with change or disruption. Its importance in the era of emergency preparedness and response, combined with its multidisciplinary attributes, have led researches to study similarities and differences in the meaning of resilience across various fields. A systematic literature review, conducted in the field of resilience management by

Recently the issue of air quality has become a global public health concern. As air pollution has been reported as the largest single environmental health risk in the world, analysis and prediction of air quality is increasingly important. Normally, either statistical models or CTM (“deterministic chemistry-transport”) models are used for forecasting air PM (“particulate matter”) levels. Actually,

Half-hourly time series of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO2, latent heat flux (LE) and sensible heat flux (H) measured through the micro-meteorological eddy covariance (EC) technique are noisy and show a high percentage of missing data. By using EC measurements that are part of the FLUXNET2015 dataset, we evaluate the performance of a multiple imputation (MI) strategy based on an efficient computational

While provision of safe drinking water is considered a basic human right, there are major challenges in the developing world for its provision. The ability to deliver safe water using a cost-appropriate technology is a major aspect of the problem. One of the technologies that has the potential to contribute significantly is the ceramic water filter (CWF); however, as shown herein, there are significant

Based on the China National Pollution Source Census database that has been updated to 2012, and the China High Resolution Emission Gridded Data Version 1.0, a 1 km × 1km finer resolution emission gridded database of CO2, CHRED 2.0, is developed. In the paper, the method, the data sources, a conceptual foundation for the data analysis, and an application in a spatial pattern analysis of CO2 emission

Despite the growing availability of big data in many fields, historical data on socioevironmental phenomena are often not available due to a lack of automated and scalable approaches for collecting, digitizing, and assembling them. We have developed a data-mining method for extracting tabulated, geocoded data from printed directories. While scanning and optical character recognition (OCR) can digitize

In this study, theoretical models have been developed to predict the velocity-dip-position in steady and uniform turbulent flow through open channels. Unlike the previous works where empirical or semi-empirical models were suggested, the present models are developed from a mathematical approach based on the concept of entropy theory. Considering dimensionless dip-position as a random variable and starting

The objective of this study was to assess the impact of hillslope length on Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) streamflow predictions in large basins using three methods for hillslope length calculation (the SWAT method, L1; a 3D analysis method, L2; a constant value, L3) combined with two DEMs (pixel size of 25 and 100 m), for a total of six DEML configurations that were tested in the Upper Danube

The use of empirical models to predict species distribution is recognized as an important tool in wildlife management. Tree-based methods gained considerable attention in the last years mostly due to their flexibility and robustness. Here, we provide an overview of tree-based methods by addressing some of their concepts, uses and limitations. For illustrative purposes, we modelled the distribution

Turbulent wind speed is a vital component of wind speed, corresponding to the small-scale uncertainty of wind speed. The wind power output and aerodynamic loads are significantly influenced by turbulent wind speed. The present paper concentrates on the study of turbulent wind speed prediction, which is hardly addressed in previous studies and is a novel approach to understand turbulent wind speed in

To understand the water balance and other environmental impacts under climate change condition, hydrological models are used to simulate the hydrological cycle and predict future scenarios by using general circulation models (GCMs) outputs. Due to the mismatch of the spatial resolution, different downscaling techniques are usually applied to GCMs outputs to generate higher resolution data for the use

The increasing penetration of wind power raises the problem of maintaining grid frequency stability. The purpose of this paper is to quantitatively describe the relationship between wind power fluctuations and grid frequency deviation. The fluctuation characteristics of wind power are analyzed in multi-time scales by wavelet methods. Then, a mathematical model representing wind power fluctuations is

This study focuses on the long-term (2011-2100) changes in precipitation indices under different climate change scenarios in Subansiri river basin, a tributary of Brahmaputra River in Northeast India. The fifth phase coupled model intercomparison project (CMIP5) data for different representative concentration pathways (RCPs) scenarios as suggested by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

In this paper, the incremental solution building capability of Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm (ACOA) is exploited using a Tree Growing Algorithm (TGA) augmented with the efficiency of Nonlinear Programming (NLP) methods leading to a hybrid ACOA-TGA-NLP algorithm for the effective layout and pipe size optimization of pumped/gravitational sewer networks. Solution of layout and pipe size optimization

In this study, a parsimonious framework for supporting Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) was proposed to seek a tradeoff between investment of WSUD features and mitigation of urban flood damage. A two-dimensional (2D) hydrological-hydraulic simulation model, PCSWMM, was adopted to simulate the rainfall-runoff process and inundation scenarios, and the flood damages was evaluated based on inundated

Successful vector control for grid connection of renewable power generation relies on accurate and fast tracking of the voltage phase at the point of common coupling using a phase-locked loop (PLL). In this study, we propose a method to evaluate the effect of power system dynamics on the PLL performance. Simulation results demonstrate that the PLL performance is considerably affected by the power system