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Can refugees improve native children's health?: evidence from Turkey J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Cansu Oymak, Jean-François Maystadt
Following the most dramatic migration episode of the 21st century, Turkey hosted the largest number of Syrian refugees in the world. This paper assesses the impact of the arrival of Syrian refugees on the Turkish children's health, with a focus on height – a standard nutritional outcome. Accounting for the endogenous choice of immigrant location, our results show that Turkish children residing in provinces
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The impact of female education on fertility: evidence from Malawi Universal Primary Education program J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Tianheng Wang
This paper examines the impact of female education on fertility outcomes by using the Universal Primary Education (UPE) program in Malawi as a natural experiment. The finding indicates that the UPE policy improves rural women's educational attainment by 0.42 years and an additional year of female education decreases women's number of children ever born and the number of living children by 0.39 and
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The within-country distribution of brain drain and brain gain effects: A case study on Senegal J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Philippe Bocquier, Narcisse Cha'ngom, Frédéric Docquier, Joël Machado
Existing empirical literature provides converging evidence that selective emigration enhances human capital accumulation in the world's poorest countries. However, the within-country distribution of such brain gain effects has received limited attention. Focusing on Senegal, we provide evidence that the brain gain mechanism primarily benefits the wealthiest regions that are internationally connected
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Violent conflict and the child quantity–quality tradeoff J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Apsara Karki Nepal, Martin Halla, Steven Stillman
We show that the exposure to war-related violence increases the quantity of children temporarily, with permanent negative consequences for the quality of the current and previous cohorts. Our empirical evidence is based on Nepal, which experienced a 10 year long civil conflict of varying intensity. We exploit that villages affected by the conflict had the same trend in fertility as non-affected villages
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Facing displacement and a global pandemic: evidence from a fragile state J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2023-10-25 Michele Di Maio, Francesco Fasani, Valerio Leone Sciabolazza, Vasco Molini
We use novel survey data to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Libya. Our analysis compares the effects of the pandemic for displaced and non-displaced citizens, controlling for individual and household characteristics and geo-localized measures of economic activity and conflict intensity. In our sample, 9.5% of respondents report that a household member
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International migration, transfers of norms and public goods back home J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2023-10-20 Jan Brzozowski, Nicola Daniele Coniglio
International migration represents a potential channel for the transmission of norms, attitudes, and values back to the home countries. In this paper, we explore how international migration affects tax morale and aversion to the free-riding of members of the household left behind in the home country. We use a rich longitudinal household-level database on Polish society (period 2007–2015) that allows
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Education and women's empowerment: evidence from Uganda J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2023-09-06 Thao Bui
The government of Uganda introduced an education reform that eliminated school fees for primary school-age children in 1997. This paper finds that an increase in education, generated by the reform, has a positive impact on women's empowerment. Specifically, an increase in schooling, due to the reform, improves women's involvement in decision making within the household by increasing their likelihood
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Counting the cost of inequality J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2023-08-10 Les Mayhew
An ageing population increases pressure on health and social care, welfare payments and pensions in public funded systems. There is no simple measure linking population health to economic disadvantage or the resulting tax burden. We imagine a situation in which local areas are responsible for financing their own public services. We hypothesize a local tax is levied to cover healthcare costs, welfare
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A market consistent approach to the valuation of no-negative equity guarantees and equity release mortgages J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2023-08-10 Dean Buckner, Kevin Dowd, Hardy Hulley
This paper provides a new market consistent approach to the valuation of no negative equity guarantees and equity release mortgages. The paper provides a new approach to the estimation of volatility inputs. The proposed approach to volatility produces a volatility term structure that is dependent on the age and gender of the borrower. Illustrative valuations are provided based on the Black ’76 put
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Buy-ins, buy-outs, longevity bonds, and the creation of value J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2023-08-10 Richard MacMinn, Yijia Lin, Tianxiang Shi
Longevity risk is the risk that people on average will live longer than expected. That potential increase in life expectancy exposes corporations and pension funds to the risk of having insufficient funds to pay a more extended stream of annuity benefits. Buy-ins, buy-outs, and longevity bonds provide pension funds with insurance and financial market instruments to hedge their longevity risk. The most
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Survival analysis of longitudinal data: the case of English population aged 50 and over J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2023-08-10 Marjan Qazvini
This study considers data from 5 waves of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). We aim to study the impact of demographic and self-rated health variables including disability and diseases on the survival of the population aged 50+. The disability variables that we consider are mobility impairment, difficulties in performing Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Instrumental Activities of
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Resilience in a time of crisis: how COVID-19 pandemic insights are supporting a vibrant longevity risk transfer market J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2023-08-10 Amy Kessler
Pension risk transfer and longevity risk transfer are now growing secular trends. From North America to Europe, companies are de-risking pension plans in near-record volumes and have continued to boldly do so throughout the pandemic—at or near the most favorable pricing experienced in years. The arrival of funded reinsurance on both sides of the Atlantic is bringing reinsurer capital and private assets
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Accounting for COVID-19-type shocks in mortality modeling: a comparative study J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2023-08-10 Simon Schnürch, Torsten Kleinow, Andreas Wagner
Mortality shocks such as the one induced by the COVID-19 pandemic have substantial impact on mortality models. We describe how to deal with them in the period effect of the Lee–Carter model. The main idea is to not rely on the usual normal distribution assumption as it is not always justified. We consider a mixture distribution model based on the peaks-over-threshold method, a jump model, and a regime
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The impact of long memory in mortality differentials on index-based longevity hedges J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2023-08-10 Kenneth Q. Zhou, Johnny Siu-Hang Li
In multi-population mortality modeling, autoregressive moving average (ARMA) processes are typically used to model the evolution of mortality differentials between different populations over time. While such processes capture only short-term serial dependence, it is found in our empirical work that mortality differentials often exhibit statistically significant long-term serial dependence, suggesting
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The effect of marital status on life expectancy: Is cohabitation as protective as marriage? J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2023-08-10 Anne G. Balter, Dorethe S. Bjerre, Malene Kallestrup-Lamb
It is well-known that marital status is an important predictor for life expectancy. However, non-married individuals are often misclassified as singles which ignores the heterogeneity within the group. This paper shows the importance of distinguishing between types of singles, and in particular whether they are cohabiting, when predicting life expectancies. We use unique and detailed longitudinal register
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Effect of the COVID-19 frailty heterogeneity on the future evolution of mortality by stratified weighting J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2023-08-10 Maria Carannante, Valeria D'Amato, Steven Haberman
The starting point of our research is the inadequacy of assuming, in the construction of a model of mortality, that frailty is constant for the individuals comprising a demographic population. This assumption is implicitly made by standard life table techniques. The substantial differences in the individual susceptibility to specific causes of death lead to heterogeneity in frailty, and this can have
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Longevity risk and capital markets: the 2021–22 update J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2023-08-10 David Blake, Andrew J. G. Cairns, Malene Kallestrup-Lamb, Jesper Rangvid
This special issue of the Journal of Demographic Economics contains 10 contributions to the academic literature all dealing with longevity risk and capital markets. Draft versions of the papers were presented at Longevity 16: The Sixteenth International Longevity Risk and Capital Markets Solutions Conference that was held in Helsingør near Copenhagen on 13–14 August 2021. It was hosted by PerCent at
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Gender composition in the workplace and marriage rates J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2023-07-21 Shiyi Chen
Theoretical models have ambiguous predictions on how workplace gender composition affects the incidence of marriage. Marital search theory suggests that having more opportunities for interactions between members of the opposite gender increases the likelihood of marriage. Yet, according to overload choice theory, people with more options could actually delay or forgo marriage if the increase in the
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Equivalent income versus equivalent lifetime: does the metric matter? J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2023-05-19 Harun Onder, Pierre Pestieau, Gregory Ponthiere
We examine the effects of the postulated metric on the measurement of well-being, by comparing, in the (income, lifetime) space, two indexes: the equivalent income index and the equivalent lifetime index. The conditions under which the equivalent lifetime index exists are more restrictive than the ones under which the equivalent income index exists, but it is possible to define an alternative equivalent
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Child marriage and reproductive health of Indian women J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2022-12-27 Surya Nath Maiti, Manoj Maharia, Debayan Pakrashi, Abhishek Gautam
Using detailed data from the third round of the District Level Household Survey of India, this paper examines in detail the effect of child marriage of women on contraceptive usage and access to skilled care during pregnancy and delivery. This paper particularly focuses on sixteen different outcome variables categorized under four broad sub-groups; namely, family planning and contraceptive usage, birth
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Gendered fertility intentions and child schooling: insights on the quantity–quality trade-off from Ethiopia J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2022-12-19 Eva Boonaert, Kaat Van Hoyweghen, Ashenafi Duguma Feyisa, Peter Goos, Miet Maertens
Fertility decline in human history is a complex enigma. Different triggers have been proposed, among others the increased demand for human capital resulting in parents making a quantity–quality (QQ) trade-off. This is the first study that examines the existence of a QQ trade-off and the possible gender bias by analyzing fertility intentions rather than fertility outcomes. We rely on the unified growth
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Changes in assortative matching and educational inequality: evidence from marriage and birth records in Mexico J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2022-12-12 Lauren Hoehn-Velasco, Jacob Penglase
Over the past three decades, educational attainment in Mexico has grown substantially. This increase in educational attainment may affect marriage patterns through the growing supply of individuals with higher education and changing preferences over their partner's education level. We use administrative marriage and birth certificate records to quantify changes in the relative education levels for
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Cognitive skills and intra-household allocation of schooling: do parents reinforce or correct for cognitive differences between siblings? J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2022-10-03 Jorge García-Hombrados, Edoardo Masset
Using household data from Northern Ghana, this study examines how cognitive skills affect the allocation of schooling across the children of a household. The analysis reveals that relative to the rest of the siblings in the household, an increase of one standard deviation in the score of cognitive tests increases by 0.123–0.237 the number of years of schooling attended in the following four years,
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Does breastfeeding support at work help mothers, children, and employers at the same time? J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2022-09-08 Emilia Del Bono, Chiara Daniela Pronzato
This paper investigates whether the availability of breastfeeding facilities at the workplace helps to reconcile breastfeeding and work commitments, and whether it has beneficial effects for the health of the child. Using data from the UK Infant Feeding Survey, we find that the availability of breastfeeding facilities at work is associated with longer breastfeeding durations for all women and shorter
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Changing educational homogamy: shifting preferences or evolving educational distribution? J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2022-08-30 Anna Naszodi, Francisco Mendonca
We study changes in educational homogamy in the US and four European countries over the decade covering the Great Recession. The marital preferences identified point to the widening of the social gap between different educational groups since these preferences have increased the inclination of the individuals to match with others of similar educational traits in all five countries. We obtain this finding
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Conflict, rockets, and birth outcomes: evidence from Israel's Operation Protective Edge J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2022-08-05 Shirlee Lichtman-Sadot, Neta Benshalom-Tirosh, Eyal Sheiner
In summer 2014, southern Israel experienced rocket attacks from the Hamas-ruled Gaza strip on a nearly daily basis for over 50 consecutive days. We exploit this unexpected escalation in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and variation across localities in Israel in the amount of sirens that warned of rocket attacks to measure the effect of conflict intensity on birth weight and gestation length among
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Has the COVID-19 pandemic widened the gender gap in paid work hours in Spain? J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2022-08-05 Maite Blázquez, Ainhoa Herrarte, Ana I. Moro-Egido
This paper analyzes the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the within-household gender gap in relation to paid work hours in full-time employed heterosexual couples in Spain. Using the Spanish Labor Force Survey (2019–2020) and a difference-in-differences method, we analyze three stages of the pandemic: strict lockdown, de-escalation, and partial closures to study the short-term effects and potential
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Oil discoveries and gender inequality J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2022-07-25 Anca M. Grecu, Edner Bataille
Some studies suggest that resource-rich countries tend to allocate talent and investment toward the resource sector and away from manufacturing or agriculture reducing the competitiveness of these other sectors. Because mining overwhelmingly employs men, when other sectors shrink so do employment opportunities for women (Ross, 2008). This could significantly affect core social structures. Using plausibly
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Legally ever after: How did 1986 immigration reform affect marriage? J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2022-06-16 Aaron M. Gamino
This paper is the first to study the effects of the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 on marriage rates between foreign-born individuals and natural-born citizens. Using marriage license data, I find that gains to marriages involving a native bride and foreign groom decrease by 0.2 log points. The decrease in is driven by reductions in gains to marriages involving a Mexican groom or a non-Canadian
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Son preference and low birth weight for girls J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2022-06-07 Hyunkuk Cho
While previous studies have confirmed the negative effects of son preference on the prenatal care received by girls, few have examined its effect on birth outcomes. This study contributes to the literature on son preference by examining this relationship. The degree of son preference is measured by the sex ratio at birth, and the data were obtained from the birth registry of South Korea, which has
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Sex of first child: like migrant father, like son J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2022-05-26 Shan Li
As males in Mexico have the authority in households and dominate migration flows to the US, this paper argues that having a son as the first child provides an early additional candidate for the anchor position in Mexico and for migration trips to the US, making households better off. Fathers with longer migration experiences have higher expectations for future migration trips and stronger incentives
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Educational assortative mating and income inequality in Thailand J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2022-05-02 Sasiwimon Warunsiri Paweenawat, Lusi Liao
This study examines the degree of educational assortative mating, its evolution, and its relationship with income inequality in Thailand using national labor force survey data from 1985 to 2016. Since the 1990s, Thailand shows a trend of decreasing educational homogamy, but there is evidence of continuing educational hypergamy in Thai households. Using the semiparametric decomposition method of DiNardo
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Income and differential fertility: evidence from oil price shocks J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2022-04-29 Abebe Hailemariam
This paper examines the effect of national income on the total fertility rate (children born per woman). We estimate the effects on fertility of shocks to national per capita income using plausibly exogenous variations in oil price shock as an instrument for income and using instrumental variable generalized quantile regressions (IV-GQR). Using data for a panel of 122 countries spanning the period
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Configurational studies on family exchanges J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2022-03-10 Eric D. Widmer
The configurational studies of this special issue trace complex patterns of interdependencies existing among family members and beyond households. They focus on the functional connections among spouses, children, siblings, and other relatives living in a variety of households. The main goal of this special issue is to reveal how some key decisions and exchanges occurring in family dyads, such as the
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Fertility, electricity and television: is there a link? Evidence from Pakistan, 1990–2018 J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2022-03-07 Luca Tasciotti, Farooq Sulehria, Natascha Wagner
In 1960s Pakistan, every woman was giving birth to more than 6 children on average. In 2021, Pakistan still has the second-highest fertility rate in South Asia with every woman giving birth to 3.4 children on average. This paper uses four waves of Demographic and Health Survey data to empirically analyze trends in fertility in Pakistan between 1990 and 2018; accounting for wealth, education and locational
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Women's personal networks and recourse to prenatal care in Bamako J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2022-03-07 Siaka Cisse, Clémentine Rossier, Claudine Sauvain-Dugerdil
This study aims to determine the role played by the personal networks of mothers aged 25–40 in Bamako (Mali) in their recourse to prenatal care. Although education and household's economic situation remain important, our research shows that personal network matters in two ways. Prenatal follow-up is more adequate in small, dense, less centralized networks, a structure known to generating a higher level
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Examining the consequences of poor neonatal health on the family J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2022-02-09 Dara Lee Luca, Purvi Sevak
We compare the trajectories of families who have a child with poor neonatal health compared to those who do not, using administrative birth record data merged with longitudinal household survey data. We apply entropy balancing and weighting methods to enhance comparison between the two types of families. We find that children with poor neonatal health are more likely to be diagnosed with a disability
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The role of religion in female labor supply: evidence from two Muslim denominations J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2022-02-02 Pelin Akyol, Çağla Ökten
This paper investigates the association between religion and female labor market outcomes using new micro-level data on two distinct Muslim denominations in Turkey: Sunni and Alevi Muslims. We find a positive and significant association between being an Alevi Muslim and female labor force participation and employment, whereas there are no significant differences in male labor market outcomes between
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The demand for gratitude as a restraint on the use of child labor: A hypothesis J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2022-01-24 Oded Stark, Wiktor Budzinski
We study a parent's demand for gratitude from his child. We view this demand as an intervening variable between the parent's earnings and the incidence of child labor. The demand for gratitude arises from the desire of a parent to receive care and support from his child late in life, while the inclination of the child to provide this support during his adulthood is determined by how the child was treated
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Household consumption and home production at retirement in Thailand: evidence from a regression discontinuity approach J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2022-01-07 Sasiwooth Wongmonta
This paper uses Socio-Economic Surveys covering the period from 2013 to 2019 and the 2015 Time Use Survey to investigate the extent to which household consumption changes at retirement in Thailand. A fuzzy regression discontinuity design is applied to evaluate the retirement effect on total household expenditure and expenditures on four major categories: food-at-home, work-related items, non-durable
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Tolerance and the labor supply of cohabiting gays and lesbians J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2021-11-23 Mary Eschelbach Hansen, Michael E. Martell, Leanne Roncolato
Tolerance of sexual minorities is presumed to matter, but its effects are under-studied. Because tolerance can affect both experiences at work and division of labor in the household, we study the relationship between tolerance and the time cohabiting gay men and lesbian women spend in paid work across the United States. In the average state, the increase in tolerance between 2003 and 2015 is associated
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Immigrant supply of marketable child care and native fertility in Italy J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2021-11-02 R. D. Mariani, F. C. Rosati
The availability of child-care services has often been advocated as one of the instruments to counter the fertility decline observed in many high-income countries. In the recent past, large inflows of low-skilled migrants have substantially increased the supply of child-care services. In this paper, we examine if immigration has actually affected fertility exploiting the natural experiment occurred
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The role of family networks and social capital on women's fertility intentions in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2021-10-13 Moussa Bougma, Clémentine Rossier
Family solidarities remain strong in African societies. In Ouagadougou, transfers within extended family networks provide an omnipresent means for coping with life's difficulties, and the desired number of children remains relatively high. The role of family networks in maintaining high fertility is rarely studied however for lack of data in conventional demographic surveys. This study uses original
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The effects of absent fathers on adolescent criminal activity: an economic approach J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2021-10-12 David M. Zimmer
Simple ordinary least squares estimates indicate that absent fathers boost probabilities of adolescent criminal behavior by 16–38%, but those numbers likely are biased by unobserved heterogeneity. This paper first presents an economic model explaining that unobserved heterogeneity. Then turning to empirics, fixed effects, which attempt to address that bias, suggest that absent fathers reduce certain
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Instrumental support exchanges among kin and non-kin in light of personal configurations J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2021-10-01 Gaëlle Aeby, Jacques-Antoine Gauthier
As exchanges of instrumental support between kin and non-kin remain essential to buffer the impact of critical life events, we consider the characteristics of personal configurations that may enhance or hinder them. Personal configurations vary in terms of their composition and two aspects of their structure: density and centrality. These dimensions are investigated to uncover whether they influence
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The marriage age U-shape J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2021-09-27 Pavel Jelnov
In this paper, I address the U-shaped dynamics (a decrease followed by an increase) in the age at first marriage during the twentieth century. First, I show that the U-shaped dynamics have been steeper in Western that in other countries. Second, I find that these dynamics in the West are strongly related to the post-World War II (WWII) economic growth. By contrast, in the nineteenth and the first half
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Female education, marital assortative mating, and dowry: Theory and evidence from districts of India J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2021-09-06 Prarthna Agarwal Goel, Rashmi Barua
We study marital assortative mating in education and its relation to dowry in India. There are four main results and contributions of this paper. First, instrumental variable estimates using Indian Human Development Survey-II data suggest existence of positive assortative mating in education levels of husband and wife. Second, this association is weaker in dowry-prominent districts suggesting that
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Educational inequalities in longevity in 18 OECD countries J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2021-08-26 Fabrice Murtin, Johan P. Mackenbach, Domantas Jasilionis, Marco Mira d'Ercole
This paper assesses inequality in longevity across education and gender groups in 23 OECD countries around 2011. Data on mortality rates by age, gender, educational attainment, and, for 17 countries, cause of death were collected from national sources, with similar treatment applied to all countries in order to derive comparable measures of longevity at age 25 and 65 by gender and education. These
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Immigrants’ demand for informal and formal education: evidence from US time use data – CORRIGENDUM J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2021-08-25 Nicola Daniele Coniglio,Rezart Hoxhaj,Hubert Jayet
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Financial support by older adults to family members: a configurational perspective J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2021-08-18 Marie Baeriswyl, Myriam Girardin, Michel Oris
Most research on financial inter vivos transfers from older parents to their family members is focused on the giver–receiver dyad, usually between an older parent and an adult child. This study aimed to investigate older adults' financial support beyond this level of intergenerational dyads using an egocentric network perspective (i.e., the configurational approach). Data were from a sample of 2,991
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Immigrants' demand for informal and formal education: evidence from US time use data J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2021-07-21 Nicola Daniele Coniglio, Rezart Hoxhaj, Hubert Jayet
This paper contributes to the migration literature studying the time devoted to educational activities. It uses US time-diary surveys to study the allocation of time to informal as well as formal learning and educational activities by immigrants and natives. We develop a simple theoretical framework, which highlights the different constraints/opportunity costs faced by immigrants as compared with natives
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Wage and employment effects of immigration: Evidence from South Korea J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2021-06-29 Hyejin Kim
This paper studies the impact of immigration on native labor market outcomes in South Korea. We exploit the variation in immigration flows in an education-experience cell and find that, on average, immigration has no harmful effect on the wages or employment of native workers. However, there is a great heterogeneity of wage effects across education groups: high school dropouts suffer from the adverse
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More choice for men? Marriage patterns after World War II in Italy J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2021-06-25 Erich Battistin, Sascha O. Becker, Luca Nunziata
We investigate how changes in the sex ratio induced by World War II affected the bargaining patterns of Italian men in the marriage market. Marriage data from the first wave of the Italian Household Longitudinal Survey (1997) are matched with newly digitized information on war casualties coming from the Italian National Bureau of Statistics. We find that men in post-war marriages were better off in
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Does single pregnancy hurt birth outcomes among young mothers? J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2021-06-23 Young-Il Kim, Jungmin Lee
Does single pregnancy adversely affect infant health? This is a challenging research question because there is selection in coresidence during pregnancy. We exploit quasi-natural variation in single pregnancy from the moment of conception to birth, arising from the reform of the marriageable age laws in Korea. The Korean birth certificate data are unique. They provide the information about the coresidence
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Dead men tell no tales: the role of cultural transmission in demographic change J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2021-05-18 Roman Zakharenko
The paper explains long-term changes in birth, death rates, and in attitude to personal consumption by evolution of preferences by means of cultural transmission. When communities are culturally isolated, they are focused on population growth, which results in large fertility and welfare transfers to children, limited adult consumption, and lack of old-age support. With increasing cultural contact
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Economic returns of family planning and fertility decline in India, 1991–2061 J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2021-04-20 Srinivas Goli, K. S. James, Devender Singh, Venkatesh Srinivasan, Rakesh Mishra, Md Juel Rana, Umenthala Srikanth Reddy
Investment in family planning (FP) provides returns through a lifetime. Global evidence shows that FP is the second-best buy in terms of return on investment after liberalizing trade. In this study, we estimate the cumulative benefits of FP investments for India from 1991 to 2016 and project them up to 2061 with four scenarios of fertility levels. The findings suggest that India will have greater elasticity
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Gendered migration responses to drought in Malawi J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2021-04-06 Luis G. Becerra-Valbuena, Katrin Millock
Migration is a common means of adaptation to weather shocks. Previous research has identified heterogeneous effects according to age, sex, and wealth, but little is still known about how marriage-related institutions affect such migration. Relying on a quasi-experimental identification strategy, we analyze marriage- and work-related migration in Malawi following large droughts, separating the effects
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A recent change in the relation between women's income and childbirth: heterogeneous effects of work-family balance policy J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2021-04-06 Min-Su Chung, Keunjae Lee
It has been widely perceived in South Korea that the rise in a woman's income is negative for her childbirth. This study tries to verify the hypothesis empirically because the Korean government initiated the basic plan for low fertility in 2006 and has constantly strengthened work–family balance policy since then. Our analysis using a household annual data over 18 years, 1999–2016, indicates that married
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The geography of climate migration J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2021-03-29 Michał Burzyński, Frédéric Docquier, Hendrik Scheewel
In this paper, we investigate the long-term effects of climate change on the mobility of working-age people. We use a world economy model that covers almost all the countries around the world, and distinguishes between rural and urban regions as well as between flooded and unflooded areas. The model is calibrated to match international and internal mobility data by education level for the last 30 years
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Gender norm conflict and marital outcomes J. Demogr. Econ. (IF 0.793) Pub Date : 2021-03-25 Francisca M. Antman, Priti Kalsi, Soohyung Lee
We investigate the impact of male–female conflict over gender norms on marital outcomes. As marriage requires mutual agreement regarding the role of husband and wife, we hypothesize that a person who is less likely to encounter a potential mate with similar gender norms will face a lower chance of marrying. Even if two parties marry despite a difference in gender norms, their marriage may be more vulnerable