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Keeping Kids in School and Out of Work: Compulsory Schooling and Child Labor in Turkey Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2022-04-20 Meltem Dayıoğlu,Murat Güray Kırdar
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Teachers and the Gender Gap in Reading Achievement Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2022-03-22 Esteban M. Aucejo,Jane Cooley Fruehwirth,Sean Kelly,Zachary Mozenter
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Military Service and Skill Acquisition: Evidence from a Draft Lottery Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2022-03-22 Paul Bingley,Stéphanie Vincent Lyk-Jensen,Anders Rosdahl
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Should I Go to Graduate School? The Role of Preference for Children and Human Capital Accumulation Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2022-03-22 Sébastien Buttet,Alice Schoonbroodt
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Play to Learn: The Impact of Technology on Students’ Math Performance Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2022-03-22 Guilherme Hirata
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Education Gradients in Mortality Trends by Gender and Race Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2022-03-01 Adam A. Leive,Christopher J. Ruhm
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The Returns to Preventing Chronic Disease in Europe and the United States Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2022-03-01 Jeffrey C. Yu,Bryan C. Tysinger,Andrea Piano Mortari,Federico Belotti,Martha Ryan,Vincenzo Atella,Dana P. Goldman
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American Delusion: Life Expectancy and Welfare in the United States from an International Perspective Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2022-03-01 Rodrigo R. Soares,Rudi Rocha,Michel Szklo
IZA DP No. 14517 JUNE 2021 American Delusion: Life Expectancy and Welfare in the US from an International Perspective Recent increases in mortality have brought life expectancy back to the forefront of the public health debate in the US. Though unprecedented, this trend comes after an equally striking phenomenon: a decades long deterioration in the relative position of the US in the world’s life expectancy
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American Health-Adjusted Life Expectancy at Midlife: An Analysis Based on the Health and Retirement Study Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2022-03-01 Jihye Kim,Kajal Lahiri
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Trends in Health in Midlife and Late Life. Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2022-01-25 Péter Hudomiet,Michael D Hurd,Susann Rohwedder
Gains in life expectancy have recently slowed and mortality inequalities have increased. This paper examines whether trends in health observed at ages 55 to 89 mirror those trends in mortality, which may serve as an early indicator for the future evolution of mortality. We found that many health outcomes have worsened from 1992 to 2016, especially at ages below 70, and that differentials in health
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Long-Term Labor Market Consequences of Costly Signaling: Evidence from a Natural Experiment Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2021-12-01 Somdeep Chatterjee,Jai Kamal
We study a unique reform in an Indian state that increased penalties for cheating on public exams required for high school graduation. This led to a massive decline in percentages of students graduating high school. Average wages for those subject to the reform and also the premium for the students graduating have increased over the next decade or so. We interpret the reform as reducing the cost of
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When Incentives Matter Too Much: Explaining Significant Responses to Irrelevant Information Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2021-12-01 Tom Ahn,Jacob L. Vigdor
When agents observe a continuous variable and a discrete signal based on that variable, theory suggests that the signal should not impact behavior conditional on the variable. Numerous empirical studies, many based on regression discontinuity design, contradict this basic prediction. We propose two rationalizations with testable implications. One is based on information acquisition costs and the other
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Self-Fulfilling Prophecies in the Classroom Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2021-07-12 Andrew J. Hill,Daniel B. Jones
Do teachers’ expectations directly impact student achievement? We draw on administrative data from North Carolina schools that report both student test scores and teachers’ expectations of students’ performance on these tests. Employing student fixed effects and instrumental variables strategies to overcome endogeneity concerns, we find that higher exogenously determined teacher expectations increase
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Gender Imbalance across Subfields in Economics: When Does It Start? Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2021-07-12 Pilar Beneito,José E. Boscá,Javier Ferri,Manu García
We investigate the marked gender imbalance across subfields in economics and connect it with the relative scarcity of female students enrolling in economics. First, tracking authorship in the American Economic Association annual meetings, we find sharp gender imbalances across areas of research. When does this imbalance start? Using administrative data, we find gender differences in academic performance
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The Effects of Foreign-Born Peers in US High Schools and Middle Schools Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2021-06-29 Jason Fletcher,Jinho Kim,Jenna Nobles,Stephen Ross,Irina Shaorshadze
This study examines the short-term and long-term impact of being educated with immigrant peers. We leverage a quasi-experimental design using across-grade, within-school variation in cohort/grade composition for students in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. We find positive effects for foreign-born students compared with native-born students from increasing exposure to other foreign-born
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Living Environments and Child Development: Comparing Two Groups of Out-of-Home Children Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2021-06-01 Ick-Joong Chung,Jungmin Lee,Yasuyuki Sawada,Seung-Gyu Sim,Jinyeong Son
Using unique data on 210 Korean children from surveys and experiments, this paper examines whether living environments matter for child development. We compare two groups of out-of-home children in different environments: traditional orphanage-type institutions and family-like group homes. We exploit the arguably random assignment of children to institutions, generated by variation in the relative
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It’s Time to Degree! The Impact of Reducing Barriers to Entry into Professions on Late Graduation: The Case of Pharmacists Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2021-06-01 Patrizia Ordine,Giuseppe Rose,Mattia Fasano
This work evaluates to what extent the time required by students to graduate depends on labor market opportunities. Identification is achieved using a quasi-experimental setup grounded on a policy reform in Italy that eased labor market access for pharmacy graduates. The impact of the reform on the speed to graduation is investigated with a regression kink design on panel data covering the academic
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Whose Job Is It Anyway? Coethnic Hiring in New US Ventures Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2021-03-01 Sari Pekkala Kerr,William R. Kerr
We explore coethnic hiring among new ventures, using US administrative data. Coethnic hiring is ubiquitous among immigrant groups, averaging about 22.5% and ranging from less than 2% to more than 40%. Coethnic hiring grows with the size of the local ethnic workforce, greater linguistic distance to English, and lower cultural/genetic similarity to US natives and in harsher policy environments for immigrants
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Job Vacancies and Immigration: Evidence from the Mariel Supply Shock Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2021-03-01 L. Jason Anastasopoulos,George J. Borjas,Gavin G. Cook,Michael Lachanski
We use the Conference Board’s Help-Wanted Index (HWI) to document how immigrant supply shocks change the number of job vacancies. Our analysis reveals a sizable drop in Miami’s HWI relative to comparable cities in the first few years after the Mariel shock, followed by recovery afterward. An analysis of the text of the help-wanted ads also documents a significant decline in the relative number of low-skill
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Immigration and Gender Differences in the Labor Market Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2021-03-01 Joan Llull
This paper analyzes the effect of immigration on gender gaps. Using an equilibrium structural model for the US economy, I simulate the importance of two mechanisms: the differential increase in labor market competition from immigration on male and female workers and the availability of cheaper childcare services. Aggregate effects on gender and participation gaps are negligible. Females are more negatively
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Endogenous Immigration, Human and Physical Capital Formation, and the Immigration Surplus Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2021-03-01 Isaac Ehrlich,Yun Pei
We evaluate the economic consequences of endogenous immigration in a two-country, two-skill, endogenous-growth model, where human and physical capital are the productive assets. Adding physical capital to the model yields new insights about the induced-immigration effects of exogenous pull and push triggers, on the evolution of the “immigration surplus” in the short versus the long run, in destination
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Local Adjustment to Immigrant-Driven Labor Supply Shocks Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2021-03-01 Joan Monras
When comparing high- to low-immigrant locations, a large literature documents small effects of immigration on labor market outcomes over 10-year horizons. The literature also documents short-run negative effects of immigrant-driven labor supply shocks, at least for some groups of native workers. Taken together, these results suggest that there are mechanisms in place that help local economies recover
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After-School Care, Child Care Arrangements, and Child Development Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Ailin He,Nagham Sayour
In 1998, the Canadian province of Quebec introduced a $5 per day before- and after-school care program targeting primary school children. Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth, we employ a difference-in-differences analysis to study the effects of after-school care on child care arrangements and child development. Our results show an increase in the use of after-school care by
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Monitoring and Sanctioning Cheating at School: What Works? Evidence from a National Evaluation Program Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Claudio Lucifora,Marco Tonello
We exploit a randomized experiment in Italian schools to assess the causal effect of both an external monitoring program and a sanctions program on cheating behavior and absence rates. We find, in line with previous studies, that external monitoring is effective in deterring cheating occurring during and after the test. We show evidence of a strategic response to monitoring in terms of higher absence
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School Tracking and Mental Health Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2020-11-18 Petri Bockerman,Mika Haapanen,Christopher Jepsen,Alexandra Roulet
To understand how the type of education affects long-term mental health, we examine the effects of a comprehensive school reform on mental health–related hospitalizations and deaths. The reform postponed the tracking of students into vocational and academic schools from age 11 to age 16, thus affecting the set of peers and the curriculum to which these students were exposed. The reform was implemented
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Short-term Impact of An Early Childhood Education Intervention in Rural Thailand Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2020-11-18 Weerachart Kilenthong,Wisuwat Chujan
This paper evaluates the short-term impact of an early childhood education intervention on child development. The program randomly assigned an additional 19 teachers to coteach using a new curriculum based on the HighScope approach, in 19 out of 50 child care centers in rural Thailand. The main result indicates that the intervention had a positive and significant effect on child development in gross
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The Socioeconomic and Gender Impacts of Health Events on Employment Transitions in France: A Panel Data Study Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2020-09-25 Emmanuel Duguet, Christine Le Clainche
This article explores the effect of accidents and chronic illnesses on participation in the French labor market while accounting for socioeconomic and gender effects. We use a dynamic definition of the control group and difference-in-differences exact matching estimators, which control for unobserved heterogeneity. We find that accidents have a slightly smaller effect than do chronic illnesses on employment
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Aid Volatility, Human Capital, and Growth Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2020-09-25 Pierre-Richard Agénor, Nihal Bayraktar
We study the effect of aid volatility on education outcomes and economic growth, in a model that focuses on a low-income economy where acquiring skills benefits from public subsidies partly financed through foreign aid. By creating uncertainty about the net return to education, a high degree of aid volatility mitigates agents’ incentives to invest in skills. If savings and growth depend on the composition
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Understanding the Mechanisms Linking College Education with Longevity Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2020-09-23 Kai Hong, Peter A. Savelyev, Kegon T. K. Tan
We go beyond estimating the effect of college education on longevity by uncovering the mechanisms behind this effect while controlling for latent skills and unobserved heterogeneity. We decompose the effect with respect to a large set of potential mechanisms, including health behaviors, lifestyles, earnings, and work conditions. On the basis of data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Survey, we show that
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The Effect of Grants on University Drop-Out Rates: Evidence on the Italian Case Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2020-09-16 Francesca Modena, Enrico Rettore, Giulia Martina Tanzi
In this paper we evaluate the impact of need-based grants on university outcomes, using student-level administrative data from all Italian universities. We compare students receiving the grant to those who were eligible but not awarded the grant. We estimate the average treatment, using blocking on the propensity score with regression adjustment. We show that around one-third of student recipients
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Skills and Youth Unemployment: Cross-Country Evidence from Synthetic Panel Data Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2020-06-01 Margarida Rodrigues
This paper estimates the effect of human capital on countries’ youth unemployment ratio by using country average scores from the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) and the unemployment ratio of the same birth cohort. The identification strategy is based on variations in skills within country × year and across PISA cohorts. We estimate that a 1 standard deviation increase in reading
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Education in a Heterogeneous-Agent Economy: Revisiting Transatlantic Differences Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2020-06-01 Orhan Torul
I propose a novel heterogeneous-agent model featuring public and private education in the choice set of households, positive human capital externalities, and distortionary taxes for public education financing to study transatlantic differences in public versus private education investment, tax rates, and economic distributions. I show that exogenous tax differences alone can generate most of the observed
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The Effect of Dormitory Residence during College on Student Outcomes Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2020-06-01 C. Lockwood Reynolds
This study utilizes variation in the likelihood of living in a dormitory at a large, public university created by the school’s rules regarding on-campus residency to investigate how much dormitory residence affects student outcomes during college. Using an instrumental variables methodology, it finds that, for the average student, dormitory residence during the first year has no effect on student retention
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Peers, Parents, and Attitudes about School Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2020-06-01 Jonathan Norris
Educational attitudes are linked to long-term educational success through motivating effort and greater attention to the future. This study focuses on the role of friends and of parents in the school-grade cohort in shaping adolescent attitude development. First, I explore the effect of friends’ attitudes on an adolescent’s attitudes. Second, I ask whether parental investments and educational expectations
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Joint Impact of the Conditional Cash Transfer on Child Nutritional Status and Household Expenditure in Indonesia Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2020-03-20 Toshiaki Aizawa
This study investigates the impact of a conditional cash transfer program in Indonesia, the Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH), on the marginal and joint distributions of child nutritional status and household expenditure 26–30 months after its implementation. The PKH increases the higher quantiles of weight-for-age z-score among children aged between 25 and 36 months. Its improvement is explained not
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The Nurture Effects of Multidimensional Parental Skills on College Attainment Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2020-03-02 Jiaming Soh, Kegon T. K. Tan
We investigate the nurture effects of parental cognitive and socioemotional skills on child college attainment. By studying a sample of adopted children in the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study, we identify nongenetic effects of parental skills on college attainment. We find that parental intelligence quotient and openness act positively on child college attainment, while agreeableness has a negative impact
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The Effect of Increasing Human Capital Investment on Economic Growth and Poverty: A Simulation Exercise Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2020-03-01 Matthew Collin, David N. Weil
We examine the dynamic responses of income and poverty to increased investment in the human capital of new cohorts of workers, using a quantitative macroeconomic model with realistic demography. Higher investment leads to significant improvements, although phase-in takes considerable time. Gains are largest in poor countries. We argue in the context of our model that investing in people is more cost
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Heterogeneity in the Effect of College Expansion Policy on Wages: Evidence from the Russian Labor Market Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2020-01-30 Volha Belskaya, Klara Sabirianova Peter, Christian M. Posso
This paper studies the effects of a landmark college expansion policy on wages in Russia. We construct a unique individual-level data set linking the supply of college campuses in an individual’s place of residence at age 17 with educational attainment and hourly wages in adulthood. Using parametric and semiparametric selection models, we demonstrate that the returns to college education in Russia
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When Students Don't Care: Reexamining International Differences in Achievement and Student Effort Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2019-12-01 Gema Zamarro, Collin Hitt, Ildefonso Mendez
Policy debates in education are greatly influenced by international differences in test scores. The presumption is that differences in test scores reflect differences in cognitive skills and content knowledge. We challenge this presumption by studying how much of the variation in the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) scores is associated with student effort. We build a number of measures
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Teachers and Cheaters: Just an Anagram? Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2019-12-01 Santiago Pereda-Fernández
I study the manipulation of test scores in Italy. Using an experiment that randomly assigns external monitors to classrooms, I apply a new methodology to study the extent of the manipulation and propose a correction method. I find that the manipulation was associated with more correlation in the answers after one controls for mean test scores. It was concentrated in the south and islands region, and
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Maternal Work Hours and Childhood Obesity: Evidence Using Instrumental Variables Related to Sibling School Eligibility Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2019-12-01 Charles Courtemanche, Rusty Tchernis, Xilin Zhou
This study exploits plausibly exogenous variation derived from the youngest sibling’s school eligibility to estimate the effects of maternal work on the weight outcomes of older children. We first show that mothers’ work hours increase gradually along both the extensive and intensive margins as the age of the youngest child rises, whereas mothers’ spouses’ work hours do not appear to be responsive
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Intergenerational Mobility in Education: Variation in Geography and Time Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2019-12-01 Jason Fletcher, Joel Han
Education mobility contributes to income mobility and is an important policy target but has received little attention. This paper documents trends (1982–2004) and geographical differences (across US states) in education mobility. We develop mobility measures that respect the unique properties of education attainment. While standard approaches suggest slightly increasing mobility over the sample period
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Contributions of Skills to the Racial Wage Gap Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2019-09-01 Melinda Petre
Analyzing the distributions of wages, cognitive, and noncognitive skills for white, black, and Hispanic men reveals differences throughout these distributions. I use data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 and unconditional quantile Oaxaca-Blinder decompositions to decompose observed wage gaps throughout the distribution into portions explained by cognitive and noncognitive skills
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Occupational Attainment of Natives and Immigrants: A Cross-Cohort Analysis Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2019-09-01 Hugh Cassidy
I compare the occupational attainment of male US immigrant and native workers using the task-based approach. Immigrants have on average higher manual and lower analytical and interactive task requirements than natives, and this gap has expanded greatly in the past several decades. The occupational assimilation toward natives in task requirements observed for earlier cohorts has slowed significantly
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Marching across Generations? Education Benefits and Intrahousehold Decision-Making Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2019-09-01 Benjamin L. Castleman, Francis X. Murphy, William L. Skimmyhorn
We investigate how families resolve an important intrafamily household allocation problem—investing in their children’s postsecondary education—in the context of the Post-9/11 GI Bill. This legislation allowed service members to transfer education benefits to a family member in exchange for additional military service. Descriptive analysis reveals clear socioeconomic differences in patterns of transfer:
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Can Basic Maternal Literacy Skills Improve Infant Health Outcomes? Evidence from the Education Act in Nepal Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2019-09-01 Vinish Shrestha
The National Education System Plan, implemented in 1971, reshaped the education system of Nepal and increased access to education among females. I use this dramatic change in Nepal’s education system as a quasi-natural experiment to identify the effect of maternal literacy skills and highest level of schooling on infant and child mortality outcomes. The results suggest that the reform improved educational
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Labor Markets in Statistics: The Subject Supply Effect in Medical R&D Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2019-06-01 Anup Malani, Tomas J. Philipson
Medical R&D differs from other R&D because of a unique linkage between output and input markets: potential consumers of existing medical products are also potential subjects in clinical trials required to develop new products. Therefore, a quality increase or price reduction for an existing treatment reduces patients’ incentive to participate in trials of new treatments. We label this linkage the “subject
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Introducing Volume 2 of Celebrating the Life and Work of Gary Becker Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2019-06-01 Isaac Ehrlich
I am happy to introduce the second volume of the Journal of Human Capital ’s special issue celebrating the life and work of Gary Becker. The first volume, published in the JHC last year (Summer 2018, vol. 12, no. 2), contains a collection of papers that were presented in a conference held at the Becker-Friedman Institute at the University of Chicago on October 16, 2015. We are gratified by the favorable
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The Rise of Services: The Role of Skills, Scale, and Female Labor Supply Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2019-06-01 Francisco J. Buera, Joseph P. Kaboski, Min Qiang Zhao
This paper provides a quantitative analysis of the growth in the service share in the United States. We model households that make decisions on home and market production of services that vary in their skill intensity at any point in time and vary in their optimal scale over time. We also allow for skill- and sector-biased technology progress. The benchmark model fully accounts for the rise in the
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Sample of The Power of the Economic Approach: Unpublished Manuscripts of Gary S. Becker, Edited by Julio J. Elías, Casey B. Mulligan, and Kevin M. Murphy, University of Chicago Press (Forthcoming) Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2019-06-01 Julio J. Elías, Casey B. Mulligan, Kevin M. Murphy
Gary Becker was one of the most original and influential economists in the history of economics as a science. After Becker accomplished so much, it might seem that little would remain to do on the subject of understanding and predicting human behavior with the traditional tools of economic theory. We agree that he had extraordinary talent and, for example, undertook the study of human capital just
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Preference Formation within Families Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2019-06-01 Gary S. Becker
Children are born with their genetic makeup and their experiences in the womb, but are largely a tabula rasa compared to the effects of a lifetime of future experiences. One does not have to accept the Freudian emphasis on very early childhood and early sexual fantasies to believe that childhood and teen-age experiences have an enormous influence on adult preferences. Basic values, preferences in food
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The Effect of Education and School Quality on Female Crime Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2019-06-01 Javier Cano-Urbina, Lance Lochner
This paper estimates the effects of educational attainment and school quality on crime among American women. Using changes in compulsory schooling laws as instruments and census data, we estimate significant effects of schooling attainment on the probability of incarceration. Using Uniform Crime Reports data, we estimate that increases in average state schooling levels reduce arrest rates for violent
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On Human Capital and Team Stability Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2019-06-01 Pierre-André Chiappori, Alfred Galichon, Bernard Salanié
In many economic contexts, agents from the same population team up to better exploit their human capital. In such contexts (often called “roommate matching problems”), stable matchings may fail to exist even when utility is transferable. We show that when each individual has a close substitute, a stable matching can be implemented with minimal policy intervention. Our results shed light on the stability
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Education and Marriage Decisions of Japanese Women and the Role of the Equal Employment Opportunity Act Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2019-06-01 Linda N. Edwards, Takuya Hasebe, Tadashi Sakai
The Japanese Equal Employment Opportunity Act (EEOA) of 1985 aimed to reduce gender discrimination in the labor market, especially for career-oriented jobs. This paper investigates whether this act had an unanticipated effect on women’s marriage decisions. Using micro data from the Japanese Panel Survey of Consumers, we model women’s interrelated decisions on university education and whether to marry
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Age and the Trying Out of New Ideas. Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2019-06-01 Mikko Packalen,Jay Bhattacharya
The aging of the scientific workforce and graying of grant recipients are central concerns in science policy. These trends are potentially important because older scientists are often seen as less open to new ideas than younger scientists. Here we put this hypothesis to an empirical test. A text analysis of 20 million biomedical research articles shows that papers published by younger researchers are
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Increasing Higher Education Access: Supply, Sorting, and Outcomes in Colombia Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2019-03-01 Juan Esteban Carranza, María Marta Ferreyra
Between 2000 and 2013, higher education (HE) in Colombia expanded substantially in response to greater demand, greater supply of capacity and programs on the part of HE institutions, and policies enhancing HE access and attractiveness. We use rich student- and program-level data to decompose the observed enrollment expansion, and we show that changes in HE supply, policy, and returns account for most
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Do Pimples Pay? Acne, Human Capital, and the Labor Market Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2019-03-01 Hugo M. Mialon, Erik T. Nesson
We use data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health to investigate the association between having acne in middle to high school and subsequent educational and labor market outcomes. We find that having acne is strongly positively associated with overall grade point average in high school, grades in high school English, history, math, and science, and the completion of a college
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Inheritance Laws, Educational Attainment, and Child Labor: Evidence from Indian States Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2019-03-01 Amanda Kerr
This paper examines how the introduction of female inheritance rights, implemented in four Indian states between 1986 and 1994, affected educational achievement and labor force participation of children. Investigating time-varying state amendments to the Hindu Succession Act of 1956, which provided equal inheritance rights to male and female children, I find that reforms led to greater probability
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Does Bad News Travel Faster? On the Determinants of Medical Technology Abandonment Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2018-12-01 Julie Berez, Guy David, David H. Howard, Mark D. Neuman
This paper studies the abandonment of technology in reaction to information shocks. While the diffusion of new technologies has been widely researched, the factors driving abandonment are not well understood. This is particularly important in the health care sector, where curbing overuse of low-value technologies is a priority. Using the abandonment of pulmonary artery catheters (PACs) as an empirical
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Assessing the Smooth Rise in Mothers’ Employment as Children Age Journal of Human Capital (IF 1.324) Pub Date : 2018-12-01 Darren Lubotsky, Javaeria A. Qureshi
We study the trajectory of maternal employment as children age and assess the factors underlying the smooth increase in mothers’ employment as their youngest child ages. Our results indicate that the rising employment profile is largely not associated with falling child care costs, changes in nonlabor income, or marital dissolution as children age. Differences in educational attainment and wage opportunities