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Issue Information Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2024-03-02
No abstract is available for this article.
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Total factor productivity, transitional dynamics and endogenous growth accounting for Latin America: Evidence from two centuries’ data Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2024-02-17 Miethy Zaman
This study investigates the sources of economic growth for Latin American economies. With two centuries of data and extended growth accounting methods, the study shows that poor total factor productivity (TFP) growth is the key to understanding Latin America's low economic growth relative to other economies. Using a functional form of TFP growth, based on second-generation growth models, furthers analyses
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Combining samples in small area estimation: An application to poverty mapping in Vietnam Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Cuong Viet Nguyen
Small area estimation (SAE), which combines a population census and a sample survey, is widely used to estimate poverty and welfare indicators in small areas. A common situation in practice is that a population census is conducted using both short- and long-form questionnaires. The short form is used to collect basic demographic information for the whole population, while the long form is used to collect
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Making depositors greedy and careless: Government safety nets and the degradation of depositor discipline Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2024-01-18 Giang Phung, Michael Troege
In emerging countries, deposits play an important role in banks' total funding; hence, depositor discipline may significantly impact banking performance and financial system stability. This paper investigates depositor discipline before and after Vietnam's 2008–2011 banking crisis when depositors had little experience regarding bank bailouts and the amount of deposit insurance was limited to a low
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Sick pay and absence from work: Evidence from flu exposure Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2024-01-09 Jakub Grossmann
Sick pay systems are critical in balancing the economic and health costs of infectious diseases, especially in workplaces, where uncontrolled disease spread can lead to significant economic losses. Surprisingly, most research on sick-pay reforms does not rely on variation in worker exposure to disease when investigating absences from work. This paper studies the effects of exposure to influenza outbreaks
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Sophistication gap between countries: The effect of research and development expenditure Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2023-10-31 Brice Kamguia, Joseph Keneck-Massil, Henri Njangang, Sosson Tadadjeu
A recent strand of the literature suggests that economic sophistication is a strong predictor of economic development. Given that this branch of literature is relatively young, the determinants of economic sophistication have not yet been fully explored. This study contributes to this literature by examining the effect of research and development (R&D) investments on economic complexity. By applying
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Ceremonial expenditures, informal networks and economic consequences: Evidence from Kyrgyzstan Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2023-10-23 Alisher Aldashev
We estimate the effect of spending on festivities on various economic outcomes in an IV framework. The estimates show that ceremonial spending causes reduction in food expenditure. Households with higher spending on festivities are more likely to borrow money. Moreover, children are more likely to miss school in such households. One possible explanation for ceremonial expenditure despite its high economic
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Ceremonial expenditures, informal networks and economic consequences: Evidence from Kyrgyzstan Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2023-10-23 Alisher Aldashev
We estimate the effect of spending on festivities on various economic outcomes in an IV framework. The estimates show that ceremonial spending causes reduction in food expenditure. Households with higher spending on festivities are more likely to borrow money. Moreover, children are more likely to miss school in such households. One possible explanation for ceremonial expenditure despite its high economic
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Igniting growth surges: Lessons from the past Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2023-10-20 Jean-Marc B. Atsebi
‘What exactly’ can countries do to initiate an episode of growth surge? I identify 132 episodes of growth surges occurring between 1980 and 2010 in 117 countries. I find that disproportionate improvements in macroeconomic stability and external factors and endowments favour a higher probability of growth surge. They are followed by structural reforms, investments, labour and productivity, trade diversification
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Igniting growth surges: Lessons from the past Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2023-10-20 Jean-Marc B. Atsebi
‘What exactly’ can countries do to initiate an episode of growth surge? I identify 132 episodes of growth surges occurring between 1980 and 2010 in 117 countries. I find that disproportionate improvements in macroeconomic stability and external factors and endowments favour a higher probability of growth surge. They are followed by structural reforms, investments, labour and productivity, trade diversification
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The evolution of job tenure in transition economies Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2023-10-17 Maurizio Bussolo, Michael M. Lokshin, Nicolás Oviedo, Iván Torre
This paper uses labour force survey data to analyse the dynamics of job tenure in seven transition economies of Europe and a comparator country (Türkiye) for an average 13 years per country during the period 1994–2020. The country-specific age-period-cohort decomposition demonstrates that the job tenure of the cohort of workers entering the labour market in the 2000s is 4–9 years shorter than that
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The evolution of job tenure in transition economies Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2023-10-17 Maurizio Bussolo, Michael M. Lokshin, Nicolás Oviedo, Iván Torre
This paper uses labour force survey data to analyse the dynamics of job tenure in seven transition economies of Europe and a comparator country (Türkiye) for an average 13 years per country during the period 1994–2020. The country-specific age-period-cohort decomposition demonstrates that the job tenure of the cohort of workers entering the labour market in the 2000s is 4–9 years shorter than that
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Issue Information Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2023-09-01
No abstract is available for this article.
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Family involvement, innovation and product market competition Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2023-08-24 Sukhdeep Singh, Indrani Chakraborty
The paper constructs a theoretical framework suggesting a moderating impact of product market competition in determining the relationship between family ownership/control and innovation. We argue that the elimination of ‘career concerns’ of CEOs in firms with greater family share may explain the mechanism followed to encourage R&D investments. Empirical testing of the hypotheses is performed using
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Issue Information Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2023-06-02
No abstract is available for this article.
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Foreign direct investment and relative capacity: Theory and evidence Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2023-04-26 Jen-Chung Mei
This paper builds a bilateral FDI-output model to study intermediary roles played by the relative differences in human capital and technology in triggering the gross-output-enhancing effect of inward foreign direct investment (FDI). Our model develops several testable hypotheses to assess how these intermediary factors—the differences between leader and follower countries' capabilities—determine the
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Does it pay off to invest in bank staff training? Survey-based evidence from an emerging market banking sector Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2023-04-04 Angela Pîslaru, Matei Kubinschi, Florian Neagu
We explore the role of staff training and experience for banks' efficiency and profitability, while accounting for size, solvency, liquidity and business model of the banking sector. We try answering two questions: (i) are banks with higher levels of staff training and experience more efficient and profitable and (ii) do banks that spend more to increase the quality of their staff have better outcomes
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Issue Information Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2023-03-01
No abstract is available for this article.
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Proximity to healthcare centres and service use: The case of Community Clinics in Bangladesh Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2023-01-26 Syed Hasan, Tasnima Akter, Musharrat Jahan, Ashraf Dewan
We investigate how distance from healthcare centres affects service utilization for women and children. Relying on five rounds of recent nationally representative demographic and health survey data from Bangladesh, our logistic regression analyses reveal that proximity to healthcare centres barely affects the utilization of healthcare services for women and children, even in rural areas. Interestingly
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Financial frictions, bank intermediation and monetary policy transmission in India Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2023-01-16 Shesadri Banerjee, Harendra Behera
Do the different types of financial friction have differential implications for monetary transmission in emerging economies? We investigate this question using India as the country for analysis. We adopt a New Keynesian business cycle model with bank intermediation, extend it by the Indian economy-specific features and validate with the data. The baseline model explains the co-movements of interest
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The income loss of a political crisis: Evidence from Madagascar Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2022-12-21 Idriss Fontaine, Justinien Razafindravaosolonirina
Since the late 1950s, Madagascar has experienced four constitutional changes and four crises of a political nature. In the present paper, we assess the economic effects of the 2009 Malagasy political crisis, which stands out from the three previous crises because of its suddenness and its duration. For this purpose, we use the synthetic control method, which involves determining the most credible counterfactual
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Issue Information Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2022-12-01
No abstract is available for this article.
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Investment and the long swings of unemployment Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2022-11-29 Hian Teck Hoon, Margarita Katsimi, Gylfi Zoega
We estimate the medium-term relationship between investment and unemployment over the period 1960–2017 in 20 OECD countries, a period that includes the years of the Great Recession. While neoclassical growth theory typically assumes full employment—with no effect of investment on unemployment—and New-Keynesian models assume that such a relationship only exists in the short term at business cycle frequencies
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Issue Information Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2022-09-14
No abstract is available for this article.
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Do terms of trade affect economic growth? Robust evidence from India Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2022-09-05 Tarlok Singh
This study extends the previous empirics and conducts a comprehensive analysis of the effects of terms of trade (TOT) on economic growth in the large and emerging market economy, India, which experienced tremendous transformation from a persistently low-growth economy in the 1950s–1970s to a moderate-growth economy in the 1980s and then to a high-growth economy, following the onset of inclusive economic
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The granular nature of emerging market economies: The case of Kazakhstan Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2022-08-22 Jozef Konings, Galiya Sagyndykova, Venkat Subramanian, Astrid Volckaert
This paper analyzes the granularity hypothesis in a large emerging economy, Kazakhstan. We use a new longitudinal dataset at the firm level and at quarterly frequency between 2012 and 2018 to document the size distribution of firms and to provide evidence that it follows a power law. We find that the largest 30 firms explain nearly 80 percent of the growth in aggregate total factor productivity. This
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Does higher financial inclusion lead to better health outcomes? Evidence from developing and transitional economies Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2022-07-02 Rajabrata Banerjee, Admasu Asfaw Maruta, Ronald Donato
This study critically examines the effect of financial inclusion on life expectancy and infant mortality rates, and whether the effect is conditioned by possible threshold effects determined by the degree of income inequality and poverty levels. We draw our conclusions based on 61 developing and transitional economies in the period 2011–2017. Using an aggregate hybrid financial inclusion index, we
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Issue Information Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2022-06-28
No abstract is available for this article.
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Impact of research and development (R&D) and information, and communication technology (ICT) on innovation and productivity evidence from Tunisian manufacturing firms Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2022-06-20 Adel Ben Khalifa
This study aims to examine the ability of Tunisian manufacturing firms to invest in innovation activities and to transform these investments on innovation outputs and if these outputs have contributed to productivity improvements. It explores the relationship between research and development (R&D), information, and communication technology (ICT) use, product and process innovations and productivity
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Firm life cycle and foreign direct investment spillover effect: The case of the Czech Republic Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2022-06-15 Duong Hoang Vu, Bruce Dehning, Drahomíra Pavelková
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and the resulting spillover effects can be important for a country's development and economic growth. Using panel data from 2004 to 2019 in the Czech Republic's manufacturing industry, this paper finds the following. First, FDI firms generate positive horizontal labour effects and backward labour linkage on domestic firms. However, other hypothesized effects of FDI firms
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The effect of corruption on microfinance loan portfolio: A semiparametric analysis Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2022-05-23 Jeleta Kebede, Vincent Tawiah, Ernest Gyapong
In this paper, we examine the extent to which corruption affects the loan portfolio of microfinance institutions (MFIs). We employ robust econometric estimation on a sample of 507 MFIs across 63 countries from 2005 to 2018. Our results show that corruption is negatively associated with the loan portfolio. However, in semiparametric analysis, we find that lower-level corruption is beneficial to increase
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Reform complementarities and growth: Evidence and mechanisms Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2022-05-07 Danko Tarabar, Louis J. Pantuosco
When reforms of different policy areas are said to be complementary, the presence of one reformed area bolsters the effectiveness of reform of the other. We use the five areas of the Economic Freedom of the World (EFW) index over 2000–2017 to test for the impact of reform complementarities on real per capita income growth in up to 131 countries. Using a novel index for complementarity (Braga De Macedo
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Technical change and wage premiums amongst skilled labour: Evidence from the economic transition Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2022-04-25 Sergey Alexeev
I present reduced-form and structural evidence that the reorganization of the Russian economy in the post-transitional period increased the demand on law and business graduates. This demand shock provides a novel unified explanation of the Russian wage structure for 1985–2015. I then show that this shock is a common feature of all transitional economies, and it contributed to the transformational recession
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The effect of the Mahathir regime on the Malaysian economy Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2022-04-17 Abidemi Adisa, Michael Farmer, Jamie Bologna Pavlik
Dr. Mahathir bin Mohamad is often credited with Malaysia's dramatic economic success post-1980. It is well known that the Mahathir regime installed centralized power in the Office of the Prime Minister (PM) and greatly extended state capacity through a far-reaching clientelist system. Prima Facie, the Malaysian experience appears to validate power centralization and state capacity as complementary
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Public support for economic transition Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2022-04-15 Lucie Coufalová, Lenka Kolajtová, Libor Žídek
This paper focuses on the Czech economic transition and aims to identify the determinants of unusually high and long-lasting public support for market reforms. The study is based on a unique combination of statistical analysis of survey data and oral history (interviews with reformers, managers etc.), which has enabled us to depict the views of the general public as well as of many people involved
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Intrahousehold moral hazard frictions and household poverty traps in rural India Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2022-03-28 John K. Pattison-Williams, Philippe Marcoul, Sandeep Mohapatra
We empirically study the role of assets held by women in the creation of household wealth using data from rural India. We design a streamlined model of intrahousehold project funding where moral hazard frictions between spouses and women's asset control are the main ingredients. As predicted by the model, the data show that household asset accumulation depends on women's asset control in a non-monotonic
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Public infrastructure provision and ethnic favouritism: Evidence from South Africa Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2022-03-22 Leoné Walters, Manoel Bittencourt, Carolyn Chisadza
Does coethnicity with the President affect public infrastructure provision in South Africa? Using municipal-level data for 52 district municipalities from 1996 to 2016, we find that municipalities coethnic with the President are associated with higher water infrastructure provision relative to non-coethnic municipalities. Taking into account various political considerations, results show that ethnic
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Impact of the compulsory military service reform of 2007–2008 on the demand for higher education Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2022-03-19 Elena Kotyrlo, Elena Varshavskaya
This study evaluates the effect of a compulsory military service reform conducted in 2007–2008 on the demand for higher education in Russia. The reform shortened the conscription term (from two years to one year), abolished several deferments, and significantly reduced the number of military departments in Russian universities, which provided an opportunity to avoid being conscripted as a private.
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Economic reform and political stagnation: The inconsistent patterns of institutional change Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2022-03-17 Usman Khalid, Luke Okafor, Muhammad Shahbaz
This study examines whether convergence in institutional quality distinguished by economic and political dimensions of institutions has occurred across countries. The study uses data from 81 countries over the period of 1985 to 2018. The study tests the convergence hypothesis by using three different measures of institutional quality capturing political and economic dimensions of institutions. The
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The effects of the Arab Spring on female labour force participation in the MENA region Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2022-03-17 Pascal L. Ghazalian
The Arab Spring (AS) event characterized the recent history of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. It brought about various economic, political, and social conditions and transformations that affected women's well-being and their status and participation in the labour market. Accordingly, this paper examines the short-run and the long-run effects of the AS on female labour force participation
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Impacts of fiscal decentralization on local development in Vietnam: A disaggregated analysis Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2022-03-13 Manh-Tien Bui, Thai-Ha Le, Donghyun Park
After the Doi Moi reforms, Vietnam pursued fiscal decentralization to strengthen the autonomy and governance capacity of local governments. While several empirical studies analysed the impact of fiscal decentralization on the economic growth of Vietnamese provinces, very few studies examined its impact on their social development. This study represents an initial effort to fill this gap. The empirical
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Perceptions of economic well-being in the Western Balkans Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2022-02-23 Zsoka Koczan
Across Emerging Europe, the transition years of the 1990s were characterized by major economic transformation, but also significant disruption and uneven gains. The path of transition in the Western Balkans has, however, been particularly uneven, and dissatisfaction with living standards is especially stark and persistent there. We aim to contribute to the empirical literature on subjective perceptions
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The macroeconomics of carry trade gone wrong: Corporate and consumer losses in Emerging Europe Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2021-12-10 Egle Jakucionyte, Sweder van Wijnbergen
We analyze the macroeconomic consequences of foreign currency losses by banks, corporates and consumers. To that end, we construct a New Keynesian DSGE model with debt overhang for corporate borrowers, monitoring costs for household mortgage debt and leverage constraints for banks. The Hungarian experience at the end of 2008 and model estimation on Hungarian data motivate these particular financial
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Apocalypse now, apocalypse when? Economic growth and structural breaks in Argentina (1886–2003) Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2021-10-27 Nauro F. Campos, Menelaos G. Karanasos, Michail Karoglou, Panagiotis Koutroumpis, Constantin Zopounidis, Apostolos Christopoulos
Argentina is the only country in the world that was developed in 1900 and developing in 2000. Although there is widespread consensus on the occurrence and uniqueness of this decline, an intense debate remains on its timing and underlying causes. This paper provides a first systematic investigation of the timing of the Argentine debacle. It uses an array of econometric tests for structural breaks and
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Temporary overpessimism: Job loss expectations following a large negative employment shock Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2021-10-27 Julian Emmler, Bernd Fitzenberger
Job loss expectations were widespread amongst workers in East Germany following reunification with West Germany. Though experiencing a large negative employment shock, East German workers were nevertheless overpessimistic immediately after reunification with respect to their job loss risk. Over time, job loss expectations fell and converged to West German levels, which was driven by a stabilizing economic
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Non-aggression commitments and domestic violence margins Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2021-09-29 Maurício Benegas, José Raimundo Carvalho, Márcio Veras Corrêa
Domestic violence is a highly prevalent phenomenon around the world. The emotional behaviour of partners, which often culminates in verbal and physical violence, has emerged as one of the main explanations for its occurrence. The main objective of the present paper was to explain, through a dynamic general equilibrium model, the impact of non-aggression commitments between intimate partners on reducing
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Difficult to digest: Takeovers of distressed banks in Vietnam Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2021-09-26 Giang Phung, Michael Troege
Government-induced or voluntary takeovers are frequently used as an indirect way to bail out distressed banks. In this paper, we analyse the impact of acquisitions on banking performance in Vietnam. To demonstrate that the acquirer is not simply inheriting the properties of the underperforming targets, we compare the performance of the merged bank to the pro forma consolidated performance of the acquirer
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Trade patterns and institutional change in East Asia Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2021-09-26 Moon Jung Choi, Kee Hoon Chung
We investigate how trade patterns – institutionally intensive exports (IIX) – affect institutional quality in East Asia compared to the rest of the world, and whether the effect changed due to the Asian financial crisis. To examine this, we use panel data of 117 countries for the period 1988–2007. Our fixed effect model estimation reveals that the effect of IIX on institutional quality is negative
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Effective information, political structure and economic growth Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2021-08-17 Mary Merva, Adrian Stoian, Simona Costagli
Digital transformation of information led us to reconsider Hayek’s (American Economic Review, 35, 519–530) insight on a fuller use of information and re-classify political structures based on their information protection policies. This allows us to link the accumulation of information with the political structure to frame their joint impact on economic growth. We develop a model of ‘effective information’
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Firms and regional favouritism Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2021-08-17 Tien Manh Vu, Hiroyuki Yamada
Using an unbalanced panel of 539 Vietnamese districts from 2000 to 2010 and the corresponding politicians’ profiles, we examine firm behaviour in response to favouritism by top-ranking politicians towards their districts of birth. Results show that the number of firms tend to increase in the home districts of politicians after they assume office. This favouritism is particularly pronounced for private
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Aspirations and women's empowerment: Evidence from Kyrgyzstan Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2021-09-15 Katrina Kosec, Kamiljon Akramov, Bakhrom Mirkasimov, Jie Song, Hongdi Zhao
There is an enormous interest in development interventions aimed at reducing behavioural poverty traps, including by raising women's and girls' aspirations, or future-oriented goals. However, little is known about how women's aspirations influence their gender attitudes, the marriages into which they select and their involvement in intra-household decision-making. We find that women in Kyrgyzstan with
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Business cycle synchronization in the CIS region Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2021-09-07 N. Kundan Kishor, Salome Giorgadze
This paper examines business cycle synchronization in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) region. We investigate the role of the global factor and the CIS factor in evolution of business cycles in the CIS countries by applying a dynamic factor model. In addition, we also examine whether the role of these two factors has changed over time. Results indicate that overall business cycle synchronization
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Beyond the income effect of international trade on ethnic wars in Africa Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2021-08-11 Fabien Candau, Tchapo Gbandi, Geoffroy Guepie
We use detailed information on the location of agricultural and mining production to approximate international trade for different ethnic groups in order to study its impact on ethnic conflicts in Africa between 1993 and 2010. The goal is to go beyond the income effects of trade to study the residual effects of globalization on conflicts. We find that once we control for income but also for a wide
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Retirement and health services utilization in a low-income country* Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2021-08-05 Thang Dang
We estimate the causal effects of retirement on health services utilization in Vietnam. Using authorized retirement ages as instruments for exogenous changes in retirement, we find positive and strong effects of retirement on outpatient health services in the public health sector. Retirement increases the probability of an outpatient visit by 51 percentage points for males and 36 percentage points
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Effects of trade policies on external trade performances of ECOWAS countries (1996–2017)† Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2021-08-04 Essotanam Mamba, Afi Balaki
The objective of the article is to analyse the effects of trade policies on foreign trade performance (manufacturing exports and imports) of the Economic Community of West African States over the period 1996–2017. Using a new continuous trade policy index and controlling for the endogeneity of the variables of interest, the findings indicate that the trade policies significantly increase imports but
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The heterogeneous regional effects of minimum wages in Poland Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2021-05-03 Maciej Albinowski, Piotr Lewandowski
We evaluate the impact of large minimum wage hikes on employment and wage growth in Poland between 2004 and 2018. We estimate panel data models utilizing the considerable variation in wage levels, and in minimum wage bites, across 73 Polish NUTS 3 regions. We find that minimum wage hikes had a significant positive effect on wage growth and a significant negative effect on employment growth only in
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Holidays and economic growth: Evidence from a panel of Indian states Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2021-05-01 Sayantan Ghosh Dastidar, Nicholas Apergis
The number of holidays differs significantly across Indian states. Moreover, some of the governing political parties have been accused of using holidays as a tool either to mollify disgruntled workers or to woo voters before the state elections. In this context, this paper explores the relationship between the number of holidays and economic growth across 24 Indian states, spanning the period 2008–2016
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How credit constraints affect small and medium enterprises' strategic employment decisions and employees' labour outcomes: Evidence from Vietnam1 Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2021-02-10 Thang Bach, Charles Harvie, Thanh Le
This study makes use of rich firm‐level and linked firm‐employee datasets that span the 2009–2015 period in Vietnam to examine how SMEs' credit constraints affect their strategic employment decisions and employees' labour outcomes. Our results show that constrained SMEs enlarge total employment by employing relatively more temporary workers and paying their employees relatively lower wages than unconstrained
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Obesity of politicians and corruption in Ukraine in 2000–2020– Reply Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Pavlo R. Blavatskyy
We collected 469 frontal face images of Ukrainian cabinet ministers who were in office in 2000–2020. For each image, the minister's body mass index was estimated using a computer vision algorithm. The time series of median estimated body mass index of cabinet ministers co‐moves over time with two existing measures of corruption – World Bank worldwide governance indicator Control of Corruption, and
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Investments in worker health and production: Evidence from Vietnam Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2021-02-27 Massimo Filippini, Suchita Srinivasan
In manufacturing industries, occupational health and safety measures ensure better working conditions for employees, which may influence their productivity. We study the impact of investments undertaken by small and medium enterprises in Vietnam in mitigating indoor pollution (including air quality improvements, heat and noise protection as well as lighting) on firm-level gross output and value added