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The Other in the machine: diplomacy and the AI conundrum Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Eugenio V. Garcia
The ancient origins of diplomacy can be traced back to the first encounters between bands of nomadic hunter-gatherers and the emergence of the Other in prehistory. The character of diplomacy (how it is made) should not be confused with its nature: person-to-person interactions and how to conduct peaceful relations among foreign and/or separate political communities. Language was critical for behavioral
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Navigating uncertainty: public diplomacy vs. AI Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Luigi Di Martino, Heather Ford
Some have heralded generative AI models as an opportunity to inform diplomacy and support diplomats’ communication campaigns. Others have argued that generative AI is inherently untrustworthy because it simply manages probabilities and doesn’t consider the truth value of statements. In this article, we examine how AI applications are built to smooth over uncertainty by providing a single answer among
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Nation branding as a tool to attract foreign direct investments: a case study of Qatar Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Aymen A. Mohib, Conor Carroll
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Place branding: is it public policy, or isn’t it? Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Mihails Potapovs
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Terminology, AI bias, and the risks of current digital public diplomacy practices Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2024-02-12 Zhao Alexandre Huang
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Assessing the risks and opportunities posed by AI-enhanced influence operations on social media Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Rolf Fredheim, James Pamment
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Digital diplomacy in the age of technological acceleration: three impact scenarios of generative artificial intelligence Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2024-02-04 Corneliu Bjola, Ilan Manor
In this article, we employ the prism of technological acceleration to consider how Generative AI may impact the spatial–temporal dimensions of diplomacy, and what ramifications this transformation may hold for its practice. To do so, we distinguish between Horizontal Acceleration, which relates to the number of diplomatic domains that are progressively impacted by the introduction of a new digital
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City brand coolness in the eye of the beholder: an extended conceptualization of city brand coolness and its dimensions Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2024-01-18 Ulun Akturan, Deniz Kuter
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Public diplomacy: a framework-based literature review and decentering research agenda Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2024-01-08 Andrea Pavón-Guinea, Mónica Codina
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Exploring place branding in the Global South: the case of Johannesburg, South Africa Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2023-09-28 Zenzile Mbinza
This paper presents two points of discussion. Firstly, the paper contends that through the efforts made by the city of Johannesburg (CoJ, the council) in branding, there is scope to explore cities in the Global South from other perspectives other than the popular obsessions of poverty, informality and violence that currently litter literature on exploring urban issues in these settings especially amongst
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Decoding Nordic cities: uncovering multi-level place experiences from tweets for effective city branding Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2023-08-21 Viriya Taecharungroj, Olga Rauhut Kompaniets
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Exploration of the concept of brand love in city branding: antecedents and consequences Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2023-08-14 Davood Ghorbanzadeh, K. D. V. Prasad, Natalia Alekseevna Prodanova, Iskandar Muda, Joko Suryono, Nafisa Yuldasheva
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Measuring soft power via positive spontaneous actions of foreign publics: The harder power of voluntary experience, voluntary megaphoning, and general interest Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2023-08-09 SunHa Yeo, Hyelim Lee, Alex Eschbach
This study places voluntarism, one of the key dimensions of soft power, at the center and argues that the extent of soft power can be determined by measuring the positive voluntary actions of non-government individuals toward a foreign country. Additionally, it adopts a relationship management perspective and acknowledges the significance of general interest toward a country can be considered a manifestation
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Clashes of cultures at the FIFA World Cup: Reflections on soft power, nation building, and sportswashing in Qatar 2022 Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2023-08-04 Yoav Dubinsky
The purpose of this article is to discuss clashing narratives around the Qatar 2022 FIFA World Cup through the lenses of nation branding, public diplomacy, and country image. Beyond the athletic competition, Qatar 2022 was also a cultural clash between East and West, or the Global North and the Global South as it was the first time such a significant mega-event was held in the Arab and Muslim world
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Evaluations of Guangzhou’s brand building through intangible cultural heritage: a brand equity model Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2023-08-02 Jiayin Zhang, Min Wang, Yinbin Lin
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Public diplomacy and nation branding in action: Swiss Embassy's participation in the Night of Museums Event in Warsaw Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2023-07-05 Anna Kobierecka, Michał Marcin Kobierecki
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Soft power is rare in world politics: Ruling out fear- and appetite-based compliance Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2023-06-16 Kadir Jun Ayhan
Soft power has become a catchall phrase that suffers from analytical ambiguity. Extant literature on soft power often conflates it with other kinds of power. In this article, I suggest examining soft power from the power recipient’s perspective, emphasizing the latter’s agency. I introduce three ideal-type explanations for power recipients’ compliance with power wielders’ desires: fear, appetite, and
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“Placecinemaking”, or participatory social design for urban placemaking Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2023-06-01 Marco Bevolo, Stefano Di Polito
Introduction/purpose The paper reflexively documents (for the first time) as a consistent approach a participatory, co-creative storytelling practice for organic place branding as developed by the researcher across cinema, digital platforms, and word-of-mouth. Focus of this paper is on the societal impact of an implicit approach, to be structured into a repeatable process. Research limitations The
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What diplomats do: US citizen perspectives on the work of public diplomacy Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2023-05-17 Steven L. Pike
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Branding Kristianstad: a case of rebranding and stakeholder engagement Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2023-04-20 Lisa Källström, Per Siljeklint
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The purpose of Spain’s PD: a golden circle of public diplomacy analysis Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2023-04-15 Carla Cabrera Cuadrado
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This is Ireland: commemoration as a catalyst for a new nation brand Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2023-02-17 Madeline Boughton
This article argues that, while state-enacted commemoration can give rise to a pre-determined narrative which aligns with political expediency, the active participation and ownership by citizens in the ritual act of commemoration facilitates an ‘experiential’ process of national identity formation, and a new model of nation branding. It takes inspiration from Kaufmann’s conceptualisation of complexity
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Sport at the World Expo. Analysis of sports diplomacy at the non-sporting event Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2023-01-13 Michał Marcin Kobierecki
The article considers the use of sport in the country pavilions during Expo 2020 in Dubai. Many states have increasingly used sport to improve their international reputation. Through hosting a sporting event or achieving a high level of sport, governments can attempt to affect how the foreign public perceives their country. Such undertakings have traditionally taken place at sporting environments.
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Public diplomacy and nation branding in the wake of the Russia–Ukraine War Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2023-01-02 Nadia Kaneva, Alina Dolea, Ilan Manor
This academic Forum aims to identify academic concepts, theories, and assumptions from the field of public diplomacy and nation branding, which have been cast in doubt—or need to be re-examined—in light of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. The Forum’s goal is to raise new questions and provoke new inquiries into the complex roles that media, communication, and public diplomacy play in
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Global disengagement: public diplomacy humor in the Russian–Ukrainian War Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-12-19 Stanislav Budnitsky
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What makes a serious country? The status of Brazil’s seriousness from the perspective of great powers Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-12-13 Daniel Buarque
Global opinion surveys show that Brazil is not perceived by the world as a serious country. Going beyond general views about the nation, this paper analyses intersubjective perceptions of the foreign policy community of great powers to understand whether Brazil is recognised as a serious player in world politics. These intersubjective views are important because they can determine the international
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The invisible luggage of the displaced: emotions, trauma and public diplomacy Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-12-06 Alina Dolea
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A battle for foreign perceptions: Ukraine’s country image in the 2022 war with Russia Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-11-28 Seow Ting Lee
This paper examines the 2022 War in Ukraine through the conceptual lens of country image within a broader framework of public diplomacy, soft power, and nation branding. It applies integrative and longitudinal perspectives to examine Ukraine’s country image and country image cultivation strategies over a period of three decades from its independence in 1991 to the 2022 Russo-Ukraine War. To understand
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Co-creation and internal place branding: a case study of Plettenberg Bay, South Africa Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-11-22 Nicola Camatti, Simon Wallington
Co-creation is a common term used in place branding to describe the involvement of stakeholders in the creation of a place’s brand. The motivation behind co-creation is that it will add depth and legitimacy to the brand. Through a process of co-creation, it is also hoped that stakeholders will become active ambassadors of the brand and its values. Co-creation, however, is far from simple in practice—places
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Transmedia storytelling and memetic warfare: Ukraine’s wartime public diplomacy Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-11-19 Roman Horbyk, Dariya Orlova
Ukraine has long been perceived internationally as a troubled post-Soviet country with crucial internal divisions. The “cleft” country narrative was dominant across media, expert, and even academic discourses. The 2022 full-scale unprovoked invasion by Russia has led, among other things, to the striking change of narrative about Ukraine. Instead of being portrayed by others, Ukraine has managed to
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The war for Ukraine: reputational security and media disruption Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-10-18 Nicholas J. Cull
This essay looks at the Ukraine crisis and war of 2022 through the prism of two of the author’s recent analytical concepts: Reputational Security and Media Disruption. The first is a refinement of Soft Power which emphasizes the negative experiences of countries which fail to develop an adequate international reputation. The second refers to the problems in the international system associated with
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The road not taken: why digital diplomacy must broaden its horizons Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-10-11 Ilan Manor
To date, scholars have only investigated how societal norms reshape diplomacy. The War in Ukraine demonstrates the need to examine how diplomats’ use of digital technologies may re-shape societies. In this article I examine two new, digital practices adopted by Ukraine during the War. By analyzing these practices, I try to reflect on how these may impact the norms and values of digital societies. This
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My city, my love: philanthropy and rebranding of a contested city image to improve sense of place and city pride Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-09-30 Ole Have Jørgensen, Martin Hannibal
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Nation branding vs. nation building revisited: Ukrainian information management in the face of the Russian invasion Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-09-30 Göran Bolin, Per Ståhlberg
This article re-evaluates some of the previous assumptions made related to the communication practices and information management in Ukraine since before the Euromaidan revolution in 2013. We highlight two points where previous knowledge about nation branding and nation building must be rethought in light of the latest developments Firstly, nation branding is no longer exclusively an activity that
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“Brave Like Ukraine”: A critical discourse perspective on Ukraine’s wartime brand Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-09-30 Nadia Kaneva
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Brand new Ukraine? Cultural icons and national identity in times of war Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-09-30 Olena Fomenko
Since 1991, Ukraine has struggled to build a distinctive national identity against a legacy of Russian and Soviet imperial domination. The processes of cultural decolonization, following the country’s independence, intensified after the Euromaidan Revolution in 2014. The subsequent war with Russia, which escalated in 2022, further accelerated these processes. This essay aims to contextualize the evolution
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Gendered silences in Western responses to the Russia–Ukraine war Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-09-28 Katharine A. M. Wright
Over last two decades the Women, Peace and Security (WPS) agenda has formed an integral part of NATO’s and many Western states’ public diplomacy strategies, most prominently in relation to the war in Afghanistan. Yet in response to Russia’s full scale invasion of Ukraine in early 2022 the West has largely remained silent on WPS, this appears surprising given that WPS has been a cornerstone of the West’s
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Evolution of COVID-19 tweets about Southeast Asian Countries: topic modelling and sentiment analyses Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-09-15 Boonyanit Mathayomchan, Viriya Taecharungroj, Walanchalee Wattanacharoensil
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The SWOT of Damocles: challenges in shaping inclusive place marketing audits Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-07-09 Massimo Giovanardi, Maria Giulia Silvagni, Francesco Maria Barbini
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Polish Functional Urban Areas: fundamental barriers to place branding Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-06-30 Anna Matwiejczyk
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Centering gender in public diplomacy and nation branding: an invitation to reimagine the future of the field Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-04-16 Nadia Kaneva, Cecilia Cassinger
Inspired by feminist thought, this special issue aims to disturb conventional ways of thinking about public diplomacy and nation branding as “soft power” tools of the state. A feminist rethinking of the soft/hard power metaphor reveals its implicit masculinist logic and invites a critical exploration of the gendering of geopolitical contestations. This issue takes one step in addressing this gap and
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Exploring relationships between nation branding and foreign direct investment Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-03-26 John Schoeneman, Jami Fullerton
This study explores the influence of nation branding on a country’s ability to send and receive foreign direct investment (FDI). Employing Anholt’s Nation Brand Index (NBI) and FDI data, the relationship is analyzed using valued exponential random graph models (ERGM) to account for interdependence between FDI flows while simultaneously estimating the changes in FDI flows in respect to differences in
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Damsels in distress: gender and negative place branding Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-03-08 Sameera Durrani
This article provides a historical perspective on how institutionalized articulations of gender in visual news narratives may contribute towards the erosion of a country’s soft power potential. It analyses thirty years of photographic coverage given by an elite western publication, Time magazine to women from two countries with problematic place brands: Iran and Pakistan. This study documents how iterative
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Experimental methods in public diplomacy Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-03-03 Imran Hasnat, Glenn Leshner
Public diplomacy (PD) as a field of study lacks both theoretical and methodological depth. Although a wide range of methodology is used to study the field, case studies, surveys, and content analyses are the most frequently used. While these methods are necessary to study PD, they lack the ability to establish a causal relationship between variables. A lot of attention in PD scholarship is now on digitalization
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Japan’s strategic miscommunications: in the shadow of the pandemic Olympics Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-02-02 Nancy Snow
Japan's government failed in its management, but the people involved did not. Going forward, much will depend on the country’s ability to re-tell its story to the world beyond a pandemic Olympics to that of trusted sustainability partner and place that, post-pandemic, everyone will want a chance to get to know or visit.
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Claiming change and tradition in the United Arab Emirates: women’s empowerment as a public diplomacy strategy Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-01-31 Willow F. Williamson
The United Arab Emirates (UAE) employs a public diplomacy strategy that highlights how women’s past and changing roles contribute to society and the nation. The aim is to be seen as a modern Muslim country with an international leadership position. Through participant observation of four events and sites in Abu Dhabi and Dubai, and 12 in-depth interviews with both expat and UAE women entrepreneurs
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Sober masculinity and nurturing femininity: a gendered analysis of the Syrian presidency Instagram account Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-01-24 Stanton, Andrea
Since July 2013, Syrianpresidency, the “official Instagram account for the Presidency of the Syrian Arab Republic” has featured a high percentage of photos of President Bashar al-Assad and of his wife, Asma. This article takes Syrianpresidency as an important aspect of the Assad government’s digital public diplomacy, because of its strong visuality. Using case study and content analysis approaches
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COVID-19 and national images: the case of #ResignModi Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-01-13 Ittefaq, Muhammad, Kamboh, Shafiq Ahmad
Prior research suggests that a country’s national image is dependent on how effectively it keeps informed key stakeholders, and counter misinformation and disinformation being transmitted to both diaspora and foreign audiences during a pandemic. In the light of this argument, this forum article critically analyzed the Indian government’s efforts to manage COVID-19 information crisis on social media
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Country image, cultural diplomacy, and sports during the COVID19 pandemic: Brand America and Super Bowl LV Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-01-10 Dubinsky, Yoav
Although the Super Bowl became a national celebration of American culture, capitalism, and lifestyle, Super Bowl LV held in 2021 had a different tone, being held a few weeks after the attacks on the US Capitol, and during the COVID19 pandemic that by then cost the lives of over 400,000 in the United States. This study aims to answer the research question: How is the image of the United States projected
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The Olympic Games, nation branding, and public diplomacy in a post-pandemic world: Reflections on Tokyo 2020 and beyond Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-01-10 Dubinsky, Yoav
The Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games were the first postponed Olympic Games, held in 2021, during an outbreak of a global pandemic, with strict restrictions and regulations and without international and domestic fans. Despite the challenges and the growing resistance, over 200 countries and delegations still saw value in participating in the most global event humanity holds. After covering or researching the
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“We try to be nuanced everywhere all the time”: Sweden’s feminist foreign policy and discursive closure in public diplomacy Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2021-11-24 Karlsson, Isabelle
This study examines how public diplomacy practitioners deal with gender dynamics as a form of ideological issue in foreign policy. Informed by the theory of discursive closure, this study focuses on understanding how Swedish public diplomacy practitioners make sense of the country’s feminist foreign policy in their daily work and what consequences this has for the communication of it. Based on semi-structured
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On being a woman in public diplomacy: some personal reflections Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2021-11-24 Snow, Nancy
A former government official of an independent foreign affairs agency reflects on her experience as a woman in public diplomacy.
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Place branding through public management lenses: supplementing the participatory agenda Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2021-11-16 Tøttenborg, Alberte, Ooi, Can-Seng, Hardy, Anne
Local participation and support are integral to any successful place branding exercise. However, this is easier said than done. The tools for cultivating support from local players in place branding are quite limited. To expand on participation as a conceptual framework, this paper explores the application of public management lenses to place branding. The public management domain offers insights and
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Large data and small stories: A triangulation approach to evaluating digital diplomacy Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2021-11-11 Spry, Damien, Lockyer, Kerrilee
This article outlines how data-driven and computational methods can be integrated with traditional forms of discourse and linguistic analysis to examine and evaluate online public diplomacy activities (‘digital diplomacy’) and the publics’ engagement with these artefacts. Combined with reviews of strategy and policy documents, the three techniques – large data, small stories and policy analysis – offer
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The pandemic’s wake-up call for humanity-centered public diplomacy Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2021-10-27 Zaharna, R. S.
The pandemic is re-shaping the global public’s perspective of state-centric public diplomacy in a way that prioritizes the shared connection of humanity and a humanity-centered public diplomacy. This piece explores the gaps of where public diplomacy is and public diplomacy’s new global mandate for collaborative problem solving for the global good.
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Soft power and media power: western foreign correspondents and the making of Brazil’s image overseas Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2021-10-27 Jiménez-Martínez, César
Despite a growing recognition of the role of the media in nation branding, a clear understanding of the relationship between the latter and foreign correspondents is absent and needed. Although foreign correspondents are a key target of nation branding, studies generally depict these journalists as vehicles exploited by authorities and consultants rather than actors in their own right. Drawing on twenty-one
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Assessing impact in global media: methods, innovations, and challenges Place Branding and Public Diplomacy Pub Date : 2021-10-27 Osipova-Stocker, Yelena, Shiu, Eulynn, Layou, Thomas, Powers, Shawn
International broadcasting, defined as “the use of electronic media by one society to shape the opinion of the people and leaders of another,” is an area of public diplomacy research ripe for scholarly attention (Price in Media and sovereignty: the global information revolution and its challenge to state power, MIT Press, Cambridge, 2002). The primary agent for U.S. international broadcasting is the