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An acceleration method employing sparse sensing matrix for fast analysis of the wide-angle electromagnetic problems based on compressive sensing Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Qi Qi, Xinyuan Cao, Yi Liu, Meng Kong, Xiaojing Kuang, Mingsheng Chen
The electromagnetic scattering problem over a wide incident angle can be rapidly solved by introducing the compressive sensing theory into the method of moments, whose main computational complexity is comprised of two parts: a few calculations of matrix equations and the recovery of original induced currents. To further improve the method, a novel construction scheme of measurement matrix is proposed
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Dual-port circularly polarized dielectric resonator–based antenna with reconfigurable integrated multifunctional filter for 5G cognitive radio applications Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Yajush Rai, Deepak Sigroha, Krishna Tyagi, Gourab Das, Anand Sharma
In this paper, the design of a circularly polarized (CP) multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system is presented, utilizing a dielectric resonator (DR). This presented antenna system is subsequently integrated with a multifunctional filter, all meticulously structured on a single substrate. The multifunctional filter operates in three modes: reconfigurable band-pass and band-reject filter
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Tunable microstrip bandpass filter with constant absolute bandwidth using BST varactors and digitally tunable capacitors Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Manoj Kumar, Gowrish Basavarajappa
In this paper, two second-order electronically tunable bandpass filters are presented. The filters are implemented in microstrip technology using barium–strontium–titanate (BST) varactors and digitally tunable capacitors (DTC) for tuning the frequency response of the bandpass filters. The filter realized using BST varactors has a 35% tuning range from 900 MHz to 1.275 GHz with an insertion loss variation
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Broadband packaging solution in embedded wafer level ball grid array technology for D-band PMCW radar Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Elizabeth Bekker, Georg Gramlich, Luca Valenziano, Lucas Giroto de Oliveira, Theresa Antes, Thomas Zwick, Akanksha Bhutani
A system-in-package for a wideband digital radar, in D-band, requires broadband, high-gain antennas combined with broadband chip-to-package and package-to-printed circuit board (PCB) interconnects. This paper demonstrates a wideband, low-loss quasi-coaxial signal transition, and a novel electric split ring resonator (eSRR)-based antenna-in-package (AiP) with a modified reflector concept, for improved
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Combining 77–81 GHz MIMO FMCW radar with frequency-steered antennas: a case study for 3D target localization Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Patrick Kwiatkowski, Alexander Orth, Nils Pohl
In this paper, we introduce a compact 6 × 8 channel multiple-input multiple-output frequency-modulated continuous-wave radar system capable of determining the three-dimensional positions of targets despite utilizing a linear virtual array. The compact system, containing two cascaded radar transceiver ICs, has 48 virtual channels. We conduct a direction of arrival estimation with these virtual channels
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Frequency reconfigurable circular microstrip G-slotted antenna with DGS for various wireless applications Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Mamta, Vandana Nath
A novel reconfigurable circular microstrip G-slotted antenna having a circularly defected ground structure (DGS) capable of switching its resonance frequency for several microwave applications is presented in this paper. Reconfigurability of the proposed G-slot antenna is obtained by incorporating three PIN diodes. One diode is embedded in the patch and two diodes are integrated into the DGS structure
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The conceptual design of the high-efficiency 400 kW solid-state power station at 352 MHz for the European spallation source Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Seyed Alireza Mohadeskasaei, Dragos Dancila
This paper introduces an innovative conceptual design of a 400 kW solid-state power amplifier (SSPA) station and presents preliminary measurements for the key components. Recent advancements and benefits of solid-state technology have made the prospect of replacing vacuum tubes increasingly appealing. Historically, a significant challenge was the limited output power capacity of individual solid-state
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An advanced solid-state RF power source maximizing energy efficiency for optimal superconducting RF cavity charging Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Long Hoang Duc, Dragos Dancila
This paper outlines an experimental demonstration of an envelope tracking (ET) technique applied to a kilowatt-level single-ended solid-state power amplifier (SSPA), aimed at enhancing the charging efficiency of superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities by reducing reflection power while maintaining a high degree of efficiency. The technique is particularly designed for the pulsed operation of
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Overcoming the relative bandwidth limitations of single VCO frequency synthesizers by implementing a novel PLL architecture Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Tobias T. Braun, Jan Schoepfel, Aldo J. Marquez M., Nils Pohl
Frequency-modulated continuous-wave radar systems profit from increasing the absolute bandwidths of the generated frequency chirps to improve range resolution. As the relative bandwidth of SiGe-voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) is limited to about 80%, increasing the center frequency fundamentally or via frequency multiplication is the most direct way to increase that absolute bandwidth. However
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Learning-based surface deformation recovery for large radio telescope antennas Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Zhan Tong, Xuesong Ren, Guoxiang Meng
The surface deformation of the main reflector in a large radio telescope is closely related to its working efficiency, which is important for some astronomical science studies. Here, we present a deep learning-based surface deformation recovery framework using non-interferometric intensity measurements as input. The recurrent convolutional neural network (RCNN) is developed to establish the inverse
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Wideband millimeter-wave reflectarray antenna with reduced cross-polarization Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Vidhyashree Sathyanarayanan, Gulam Nabi Alsath Mohammed, Kirubaveni Savarimuthu, Malathi Kanagasabai
A novel wideband reflectarray antenna (RA) is designed for 5G millimeter (mm) wave communications in the frequency range of 26.5–36 GHz. The proposed unit cell is constructed using a grid periodicity of 0.52 ${{\lambda }_0}{ }$ that offers 636° phase change through phase delay lines (PDLs) ( ${{\theta }_{\text{s}}}$ ). These PDLs are attached to the outer end of the unit cell comprising semi-circular
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A wideband, thin, dual-negative, and polarization-independent square-tooth circular ring resonator-based metamaterial absorber for Ku-band applications Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Ramesh Amugothu, Vakula Damera
In the proposed paper, a novel design and realization of a wide-band, oblique angle-insensitive metamaterial absorbers are presented. The absorber is designed to work over a wide range of frequencies, making it suitable for Ku-band applications. To get wide band absorption, a novel SM-shaped design with a square-tooth circular ring resonator structure is designed efficiently. The unit cell structure
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Design of dual-band tunable bandpass filter with constant absolute bandwidth based on triple transmission path Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Jing Guo, Lirong Qian, Litian Wang, Cuiping Li, Yahui Tian, Honglang Li
In this paper, a novel tunable dual-band bandpass filter (BPF) with independently controlled passbands and constant absolute bandwidth (CABW) is proposed. The CABW passbands of designed dual-band BPF are obtained using manageable electric and magnetic mix coupling. Furthermore, the multiple transmission paths from the input port to the output port are extended for extra transmission zeros, which results
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Wideband filtering power amplifier based on terminated coupled line structure Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Guohua Liu, Jianyuan Yu, Yijun Lin
This paper proposes a design method for designing a wideband filtering power amplifier (PA) based on terminated coupled line structure (TCLS). This method generates four transmission zeros and three transmission poles by loading stepped impedance resonator and short-circuit stubs on the four ports of TCLS, which greatly optimizes the in-band return loss and stopband suppression of the output matching
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An enhanced wideband tracking method for characteristic modes Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-12 Chao Huang, Chenjiang Guo, Xia Ma, Yi Yuan, Jun Ding
An enhanced wideband tracking method for characteristic modes (CMs) is investigated in this paper. The method consists of three stages, and its core tracking stage (CTS) is based on a classical eigenvector correlation-based algorithm. To decrease the tracking time and eliminate the crossing avoidance (CRA), we append a commonly used eigenvalue filter (EF) as the preprocessing stage and a novel postprocessing
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Wideband nonuniform metasurface antenna with stable gain Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-09 Guorui Han, Zijun Zheng, Jinrong Su, Hao Yuan, Wenmei Zhang
A novel wideband nonuniform metasurface antenna with stable gain is demonstrated. The nonuniform metasurface is composed of square patches and rings and is excited by a slot antenna. Based on characteristic mode analysis, two characteristic modes with same current direction are selected to achieve stable radiation performance in a wide frequency range. The wideband operation is achieved by assembling
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A broadband circularly polarized antenna for millimeter-wave applications Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Yue Xie, Jianping Zhao, Yurong Sun, Juan Xu
This paper presents a broadband circularly polarized (CP) antenna array for millimeter-wave applications, and the antenna array has the advantages of wide impedance bandwidth (IBW), novel CP design, and low profile. The antenna unit consists of a two-layer substrate and two pairs of magnetoelectric dipoles. Stepped microstrip lines coupled by rectangular slits form a feeder network for easy integration
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Machine learning algorithm to extract properties of ATE phantoms from microwave measurements Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Viktor Mattsson, Mauricio D. Perez, Laya Joseph, Robin Augustine
The Muscle Analyzer System (MAS) project wants to create a standalone microwave device that can assess the muscle quality, called the MAS device. To achieve that an algorithm that can derive the properties of skin, fat and muscle from the measurements is needed. This paper presents a machine learning algorithm that aims to do precisely that. The algorithm relies on first predicting the skin using the
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Optimal pattern synthesis of circular antenna arrays with improved effective aperture and beam area Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Satish Kumar, Gopi Ram, Durbadal Mandal, Rajib Kar
Circular antenna array (CAA) is one of the most widely used antenna array designs. This paper addresses the design challenges of the CAA with the non-uniform single ring, which is placed in an X-Y plane with the best sidelobe level (SLL) and improved first null beamwidth (FNBW). It has been solved using differential evolution, craziness-based particle swarm optimization (CRPSO), and novel particle
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Polarization insensitive passive loaded wideband metamaterial absorber Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 K. H. Murali Naik, Amit K. Singh, D. Rama Krishna
This paper proposes a lightweight frequency selective surface polarization-insensitive wideband metamaterial absorber in C band and X band that employs only a few resistive elements. The proposed absorber is embodied with four quadrature slotted inner circular patch, which is horizontally and vertically bisected, and outer concentric copper rings of 0.035 mm thickness are attached with four lumped
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Low-cost solutions for mobile passive radar based on multichannel DPCA and NULA configurations Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Andrea Quirini, Giovanni Paolo Blasone, Fabiola Colone, Pierfrancesco Lombardo
In this paper, we investigate low-cost solutions for enabling ground moving target indication applications with multichannel mobile passive radar systems. As known, in order to be competitive with their active counterparts, passive radars are typically characterized by severe constraints in terms of cost, complexity, and compactness, especially when installed on moving platforms. On the one hand, carrying
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Modeling and optimization of a relativistic magnetron with transparent cathode and output mode Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 David Sawert, Pablo Vallejos, Frans Nyberg, Tomas Hurtig
This paper outlines the results of particle-in-cell simulations of a relativistic magnetron with six cavities and a transparent cathode configuration. Excitation of the π mode in the interaction region was attained, which in turn led to $\textrm{TE}_{11}$ mode emission of microwaves to the waveguide. This mode transformation was achieved with a non-symmetric diffraction output, consisting of four large
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Multi-band circularly polarized antenna for WLAN and WiMAX applications based on characteristic mode theory Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Yutong Yang, Zihang Qi, Yongxin Chen, Xiuping Li
A multi-band circularly polarized antenna is proposed for WLAN (2.4/5.3/5.8 GHz) and WiMAX (3.5 GHz) applications. The proposed antenna is constructed of a radiation patch and a reflecting metal ground. Characteristic mode theory is utilized to analyze the modes of the patch and based on these results the antenna is optimized. The −10 dB impedance bandwidths of the proposed antenna are 53.53% (2.4–4
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Thinned array distribution with grating lobe canceller at any scan angle for automotive radar applications Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Masato Kohtani, Sungwoo Cha, Paul Schmalenberg, Jae Lee, Linjie Li, Toshihiko Takahata, Shinji Yamaura, Toshihiko Matsuoka, Gabriel M. Rebeiz
A novel thinned antenna element distribution for cancelling grating lobes (GLs) as well as for reducing phase shifters (PSs) is presented for a two-dimensional phased-array automotive radar application. First, an efficient clustering technique of vertical adjacent elements is employed with array thinning for a PS reduction of 66.7%. In the proposed distribution, several single-element radiators (non-clustered
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Position-independent self-adaptive wireless power transfer: topology, modeling, and design Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 David West, Jinqun Ge, Guoan Wang
Wireless power transfer (WPT) is an emerging technology with many promising applications where transmitting power via wired connections is undesirable. However, near-field WPT between magnetically coupled inductors is highly susceptible to positional changes, with power transfer efficiency (PTE) suffering if the coils are misaligned. To combat this effect, many position-independent, self-adaptive,
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Dual band circularly polarized partially reflecting surface-loaded dielectric resonator-based MIMO antenna for mm-wave 5G applications Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-26 Pawan Kumar Shukla, Sikandar, Vijay Shanker Tripathi, Anand Sharma
A two-port ceramic-based antenna loaded with partially reflecting surface (PRS) is structured and explored. Fan-shaped slot is utilized to create circularly polarized wave in both frequency ranges. Dual frequency ranges are due to hybrid mode creation inside the ceramic material, i.e. HEM11δ and HEM12δ modes. PRS is used to change the phase gradient, which in turn tilts the radiation beam (±35°) obtained
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Design, fabrication, and measurement of a miniaturized MIMO antenna applicable for 5G communication Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-26 Ankan Bhattacharya
The design of low-profile Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) antennas for various 5G applications is a topic of huge interest in academia, research, and telecommunication sector. In this aspect, a compact and low-profile 5G MIMO antenna has been designed and analyzed for various 5G applications, specifically for the 24 GHz bands (24.25–24.45 GHz and 25.05–25.25 GHz) and local multipoint distribution
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Leaky-wave antenna on substrate-integrated waveguide with radiation pattern controlled by DC voltage Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-26 Jan Machac, Milan Svanda, Vaclav Kabourek
This paper presents the application of a substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) for the design of a leaky-wave antenna (LWA). The antenna radiates through a wide slot in the top wall of the SIW structure in the forward direction. The effective width of the slot is varied by changing capacitances of two arrays of varactors connected between slot edges and inserted conducting strips. The radiation pattern
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Energy efficient microwave curing of carbon fiber reinforced polymer via metamaterial matching and advanced electromagnetic exposure control Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-26 Yasin Alekajbaf, Suraj Murali, Dragos Dancila
This study proposed an effective and sustainable technique for the curing of carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs) using microwaves. The method involves applying a metallic resonance coating layer to envelop the CFRP composite’s surface. Next, the composite is positioned within a multi-mode cavity, which is used as an applicator, and is powered by four 250 W solid-state power amplifiers. To ensure
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Modal analysis and higher order mode suppression of a high impedance surface-based bowtie antenna Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Jagadeesh Babu Kamili, Amitabha Bhattacharya
The present work studies the design of a high impedance surface (HIS)-based bowtie antenna in the framework of characteristic mode analysis (CMA) and proposes the method of higher order mode suppression. A triangular-elliptical bowtie antenna operating in the frequency range of 1.6–6 GHz is designed. The radiating and higher order modes of the proposed antenna are identified using CMA, and an HIS structure
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A single-layer band-stop frequency selective surface with wide angular stability property Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-15 Hang Gu, Wei Zhao, Fan Zhang, Chao Yang
In this paper, a single-layer band-stop frequency selective surface (FSS) by combination of Mike Kastle unit and square ring unit is proposed to achieve wide angular stable shielding. Owing to the rotational symmetry of the structure, the designed FSS is insensitive to polarization. By the combination design, the wide angular stability can be achieved as the incident angle increases from 0° to 85°
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RT-SCNNs: real-time spiking convolutional neural networks for a novel hand gesture recognition using time-domain mm-wave radar data Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-09 Ahmed Shaaban, Maximilian Strobel, Wolfgang Furtner, Robert Weigel, Fabian Lurz
This study introduces a novel approach to radar-based hand gesture recognition (HGR), addressing the challenges of energy efficiency and reliability by employing real-time gesture recognition at the frame level. Our solution bypasses the computationally expensive preprocessing steps, such as 2D fast Fourier transforms (FFTs), traditionally employed for range-Doppler information generation. Instead
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Design and realization of a compact substrate integrated coaxial line butler matrix for beamforming applications Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-08 Satya Krishna Idury, Nicoló Delmonte, Lorenzo Silvestri, Maurizio Bozzi, Soumava Mukherjee
This article presents the modeling and realization of a compact substrate integrated coaxial line (SICL) based butler matrix operating at 5 GHz for beam-forming applications. The proposed 4 × 4 butler matrix is developed using SICL-based hybrid coupler, crossover, and phase shifter. A compact 90∘ coupler comprising of center tapped unequal stubs is designed to enhance the size reduction as well as
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Wideband design and modeling of efficient multi-resonance reflective linear-to-circular polarization converter Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-08 Reza Zaker, Farid Jolani
A reflective linear-to-circular polarization converter based on dual frequency-selective structures (FSSs) is proposed and modeled to exhibit efficient wideband performance. The design utilizes a diagonal array of two connected circular patches as an effective anisotropy with regular current distribution in several successive resonances, resulting in orthogonal reflections with a 90° phase difference
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Design and implementation of hybrid fed array antennae for Sub-6 GHz and 5G mm-wave communication and wireless applications Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-04 Arun Raj, Durbadal Mandal
This paper proposes fractal-inspired array antennae for wideband applications. The proposed antennae have a resonance frequency range of 20–40 GHz. The modified fractal antennae are fabricated with a height of 1.6 mm, substrate width, and length of 100, 50, 25, and 18.75 mm2, and a simulated result shows that the gain is increased to 11.04, 11.9, 8.4, and 6 dBi, and the designed antennae radiate power
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In situ resistivity measurement of metal surfaces to track down dislocations caused by high field conditioning Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 M. Coman, M. Jacewicz, D. Dancila
Conditioning of a metal surface in a high-voltage system is the progressive development of resistance to vacuum arcing over the operational life of the system. This is relevant for accelerator cavities, where high level of performance is only achievable after a long conditioning period. Beyond the accelerator research field, this is an important topic for any technology where breakdowns can cause device
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Quasioptical Fresnel-based lens antenna with frequency-steerable focal length for millimeter wave radars Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Niklas Muckermann, Jan Barowski, Nils Pohl
This article presents the design of a dielectric lens antenna that utilizes the concept of a stepped Fresnel lens for focusing electromagnetic millimeter waves. Based on the quasi-optical properties of these waves, a Cartesian Oval is optimized and employed as a focusing lens. Multiple such lenses are combined to two different Fresnel-based lens antennas. We survey these newly designed lens antennas
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The study of shadowing effect for LTE and 5G networks in suburban environment Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Shi Jie Seah, Siat Ling Jong, Hong Yin Lam, Chee Yen Leow
The presence of obstacles in the propagation path is a critical factor in air-to-ground (AG) communication. The behavior of wireless signal propagation depends on several variables, such as frequency, building height, elevation angle, and street design. This paper aims to compare the three established line of sight (LOS) probability model based on actual site data, including the building geometry in
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Adrenal ablation as a treatment for hypertension: analyzing the dielectric properties of adrenal glands for microwave ablation technologies Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-11 Bilal Amin, Grazia Cappiello, Marcin J. Kraśny, Eoghan Dunne, Aoife Lowery, Michael Conall Dennedy, Punit Prakash, Adnan Elahi, Martin O’Halloran
Adrenal gland-induced hypertension, also known as secondary hypertension, is a medical condition caused by an underlying adrenal pathology, most typically adrenocortical adenomas. Current clinical practices involve pharmacotherapy or surgical resection to treat adrenal gland diseases that cause hypertension. However, due to the limitations of these treatment options, microwave ablation (MWA) has emerged
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An efficient linear and elliptical antenna array design using sail fish optimization Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-11 Rajrup Saha, Avishek Das, Durbadal Mandal, Rajib Kar
This article introduces an innovative approach to antenna array design, focusing on synthesizing the optimal radiation pattern for fifth-generation (5G) communication. The authors have designed a reliable linear and elliptical antenna array (EEA) of dipole elements by employing sailfish optimization (SFO). 5G technology promises transformative improvements in wireless communication with high data rates
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Dual-band transmissive linear to circular polarization converter with angular-stable and orthogonal polarizations Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-11 Bianmei Zhang, Chen Wang, Shuo Yu, Xiaofan Yang, Zhibin Fang, Xiaoming Liu
A dual-band angular-stable transmissive linear to circular polarization converter based on metasurface is proposed and demonstrated in this work. The converter consists of three layers. The top and bottom layers are formed by an array of double split-ring layers. The unit cell of the central layer contains a square loop nesting a slant dipole. The split-rings create two resonances, enabling dual-band
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Magnetic-electric dipole circularly polarized antenna with unidirectional radiation pattern with improved characteristics Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-11 Seied Ali Banihashem, Pejman Mohammadi, Yashar Zehforoosh
In this paper, a compact unidirectional antenna consisting of a planar electric dipole and a shortened connecting element is introduced. This antenna is excited by a Γ-shaped feeding line. A wide impedance bandwidth in the frequency range of 1.3–3.3 GHz is observed in the output performance. Sufficient main lobe and low level back lobe have been introduced as other characteristics of the structure
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Reconfigurable MIMO antenna: previous advancements and the potential for future wireless communication Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-11 Puja Kumari, Santanu Dwari
Future smart reconfigurable antennas (RAs) (Haupt R-L and Lanagan M (2013) Reconfigurable antennas. IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine 55, 49–61) will likely be fully multipurpose and controlled by software and equipped with machine learning skills that can discern and respond to alterations in the radio frequency environment. Cognitive radio utilizations will be accomplished using a new generation
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Robust adaptive beamforming via residual convolutional neural network Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-11 Fulai Liu, Dongbao Qin, Xubin Li, Yufeng Du, Xiuquan Dou, Ruiyan Du
Aiming at the problem that the covariance matrix includes the desired signal and the signal steer vector mismatches will degrade the beamforming performance, an effective robust adaptive beamforming (RAB) approach is presented in this paper based on a residual convolutional neural network (RAB-RCNN). In the presented method, the RAB-RCNN model is designed by introducing a residual unit, which can extract
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Cylindrical conformation and miniaturization of cavity-backed magnetoelectric antenna with an outer Γ-shaped probe Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Alexandre Causse, Loïc Bernard, Sylvain Collardey, Ala Sharaiha
In this article, the cylindrical conformation of a linearly polarized cavity-backed magnetoelectric (ME) antenna is studied. Starting from a planar ME antenna presenting a wide bandwidth due to a specific design of its feeding probe, the impact of conformation is shown; the coupling between the ME dipole and the cavity walls is demonstrated to be the key element to keep a wideband behavior. Conformal
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A low-profile wideband circularly polarized metasurface antenna based on characteristic mode analysis Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Kun Chai, Zhi Li, Yajuan Zhao, Liping Han, Guorui Han, Yufeng Liu
A low-profile wideband circularly polarized (CP) metasurface antenna is demonstrated for C-band applications. The metasurface consists of 4 × 4 square patches with Z-shaped slots. Characteristic mode analysis is used to investigate the modal behavior of the metasurface, and a pair of degenerate modes is chosen as the operating modes. The CP radiation is realized by exciting a pair of degenerate modes
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A novel PIN diode-based frequency reconfigurable patch antenna with switching between the mid-5G and high-5G frequency band Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Atanu Chowdhury, Prashant Ranjan
This research article represents the design of a simple, smaller, and novel frequency reconfigurable patch antenna for 5G communication using PIN diodes. This antenna operates in both mid-5G and high-5G bands. The antenna is intended to operate in eight distinct modes with three PIN diodes in 5G wireless communication covering 27.46–50 GHz of high-5G band (range n257/n258/n260/n261/n262) and frequencies
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A compact and fully integrated FMCW radar transceiver combined with a dielectric lens Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-06 David Starke, Jonathan Bott, Florian Vogelsang, Benedikt Sievert, Jan Barowski, Christian Schulz, Holger Rücker, Andreas Rennings, Daniel Erni, Ilona Rolfes, Nils Pohl
Electronic measurement systems in the THz frequency range are often bulky and expensive devices. While some compact single-chip systems operating in the high millimeter-wave frequency range have recently been published, compact measurement systems in the low THz frequency range are still rare. The emergence of new silicon-germanium (SiGe) semiconductor technologies allow the integration of system components
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Compact ACS-fed MIMO antenna with dual-band notch characteristics for UWB applications Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Zhongyuan Lu, Han Lin, Zhonggen Wang, Wenyan Nie, Weidong Mu
An ultra-wideband (UWB) and compact-size four-port multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna with a footprint of 34 mm × 34 mm fed by an asymmetric coplanar strip (ACS) is investigated. The proposed antenna is composed of four orthogonally placed identical modified elliptical-shaped radiators and achieves an impedance bandwidth of 3.4–12.2 GHz. By etching two inverted L-shaped slots in the radiator
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Compact size antenna for skin implantable medical devices Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Doondi Kumar Janapala, Nesasudha Moses, Jebasingh Bhagavathsingh
This research work presents an implantable antenna that operates at 5.8 GHz. By using a radiator with a loop-based design, the antenna can be made smaller. Radiator is made up of three connected rectangular loops. On the substrate’s back side, an I-shaped ground plane is used. As substrate and superstrate, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with dimensions of 7 mm × 5 mm × 0.3 mm is used. The conducting sections
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Investigating electromagnetic scattering characteristics based on a nonlinear sea surface Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-24 Xunchao Liu, Hongli Miao, Jiajie Chen
Establishing a precise electromagnetic scattering model of surfaces is of great significance for comprehending the underlying mechanics of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging. To describe surface electromagnetic scattering more comprehensively, this paper established a nonlinear integral equation model with the Creamer model and bispectrum (IEM-C). Based on the IEM-C model, the effect of parameters
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120 GHz microstrip power amplifier MMICs in a commercial GaAs process Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-21 Simon J. Mahon, MacCrae G. McCulloch, Jakov Mihaljevic, Melissa C. Gorman, Anthony E. Parker, Michael C. Heimlich
Single-ended and balanced 90–120 GHz microstrip power amplifier MMICs have been designed for cost-sensitive 5G and 6G backhaul in a commercial 6-inch, 0.1-µm GaAs process. At 108 GHz, measured output power is 20.4 and 22.5 dBm, respectively. At 120 GHz, measured output is 12.6 and 17.4 dBm, respectively. This is the highest reported for GaAs, among the highest reported to date for microstrip MMIC amplifiers
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Active frequency selective surfaces: a systematic review for sub-6 GHz band Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-15 Ashish Suri, Kumud Ranjan Jha
Radar absorption structures made of an active frequency selective surfaces (AFSS) have enormous potential in the aviation, naval, and other industries. In this research paper, a systematic review (SR) is carried out in the field of the AFSS to bring uncertainties, obstacles, challenges, classifications, applications, and design issues that arrive in the development of the sub-6 GHz architecture. To
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Frequency reconfigurable two-element MIMO antenna for cognitive radio and 5G new radio sub-6 GHz applications Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-08 Yahia Benghanem, Ali Mansoul, Lila Mouffok
In this paper, a compact two-element reconfigurable multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna for 5G new radio sub-6 GHz is presented and discussed. The proposed MIMO antenna has four frequency operating modes: a wideband operating mode (2.41–6 GHz), a wideband operating mode with a notching band at 3.5 GHz (3.2–3.66 GHz), a low-pass filter mode that filters the higher frequencies with a wide operating
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Enhancement of off-body communications with a low-SAR, high-gain multiband patch antenna designed with a quad-band artificial magnetic conductor Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 Vellaichamy Rajavel, Dibyendu Ghoshal
The increasing demand for wireless communication has emphasized the need for multiband antennas. This study presents a novel design for a multiband antenna with reduced specific absorption rate (SAR), high gain, and improved front-to-back ratio (FBR) achieved through the integration with a 4 × 4 artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) surface. The proposed antenna covers a wide range of wireless frequency
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Design of bandwidth-enhanced polarization controlled frequency selective surface based microwave absorber Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-06 Gaurav Chaitanya, Paritosh Peshwe, Saptarshi Ghosh, Ashwin Kothari
A design of a microwave absorber based on frequency selective surface resonating in X-band having ultrathin thickness, polarization controlled behavior, and increased absorption bandwidth has been reported. The reported absorber having its unit cell embodied of multiple resonating structures which includes conventional square, circular, and butterfly shaped resonators resulting in three absorption
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A tunable balanced phase shifter with wide operating bandwidth Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-03 Wei Zhang, Binghe Wang, Bin Wang, Jin Shi, Kai Xu
A wideband tunable balanced phase shifter is achieved by utilizing varactor-loaded coupled lines (VLCLs)-embedded multistage branch-line structure. The tunable phase shift with low in-band phase deviation is attributed to the regulation in phase shift of the VLCLs and the horizontal microstrip lines in series. The wideband differential-mode (DM) impedance matching and common-mode (CM) suppression are
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A planar BPF for UWB communication systems with single/multiple interference rejection bands Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-27 Abu Nasar Ghazali, Mohd Sazid
The design and development of a microstrip-based planar ultra-wideband (UWB) bandpass filter (BPF) with single/multiple interference rejection capability is presented. The proposed BPF structure is developed based on the broadside coupled mechanism of microstrip/coplanar waveguide (CPW). The BPF has microstrips and short-circuited CPW capacitively coupled through the substrate. The basic frequency
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Different 2D and 3D mask constraints synthesis for large array pattern shaping Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-25 Ahmed Jameel Abdulqader
In this article, different 2D and 3D mask styles for synthesizing large array pattern shaping to meet the requirements of modern applications are realized. The composition of the different beam pattern shaping is achieved by comparing the array factor with the proposed masks whose details (upper and lower borders) are predefined according to the designer. The generated pattern shapes are as follows:
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Efficient rectifier circuit operating at N78 and N79 sub-6 GHz 5G bands for microwave energy-harvesting and power transfer applications Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-25 Md. Ahsan Halimi, Taimoor Khan, Ahmed A. Kishk, Yahia M.M. Antar
The microwave energy-harvesting (MEH) and microwave power transfer (MPT) technologies have become the most emerging areas of research nowadays. The microwave rectifier circuit is the bottleneck of both the MEH and MPT systems. The efficiency of the system depends on the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the rectifier. Due to the recent advancement of the fifth-generation communication system, it