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Modern antenna design is facing increasing issues with the radiation efficiency, since the space available for antennas is scarce and antennas are fitted into lossy environments. This letter presents a multiport antenna design method with a computationally efficient way to realize the port currents providing the highest radiation efficiency. In this method, an antenna is described with multiple excitation

Azimuth multichannel synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is an essential remote sensing device to obtain images with high resolution and wide swath (HRWS). However, using a conventional multichannel phased array antenna, azimuth uniform sampling cannot be ensured, if the operated pulse repetition frequency of the system deviates from the optimum value. A novel multichannel antenna architecture design approach

Presents the table of contents for this issue of the publication.

Presents a listing of the editorial board, board of governors, current staff, committee members, and/or society editors for this issue of the publication.

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A planar antenna is designed to replace complex structures of many rat-races and 90° hybrids used in conventional target detection antennas for receiving radar signals. The proposed antenna has 2 × 2 microstrip patch antenna arrays with dual feeding to radiate symmetric polarizations in the 9.375 GHz ( X -band). The sum (Σ) pattern with circular polarization is implemented through a sequence feeding

This letter presents design and development of an axial corrugated horn covering the full Ka-band (26.5–40 GHz) based on modal analysis. Physical parameters of corrugation steps are studied in terms of modal power coupled into the dominant and higher order modes. This gives physical insight into the influence of design parameters on the radiation pattern. Design steps based on the modal power coupling

An updated fast solution in modeling quasi-optical beam waveguides is reported, where several mirror reflectors are utilized for the beam transformation. The fast Fourier transform Poynting vector ray tracing between virtual apertures (FFT-PVVAs) algorithm has been introduced and applied in modeling the reflected beam, based on the FFT-accelerated beam propagator between parallel apertures, and the

This letter presents a single-layer dual-circular-polarization reflectarray antenna with independent beam control for each polarization. First, a novel phasing approach, combining the variable-size approach and the element rotation approach together, is theoretically devised to achieve independent phase shifts for left hand circular polarized antenna (LHCP) and right hand circular polarized antenna

Simultaneous transmit and receive (STAR) is attractive because it doubles spectral efficiency and alleviates radio frequency spectrum congestion. As expected, a major challenge in STAR is the high power leakage from the transmitter to the receiver, which dramatically reduces a receiver's dynamic range and then leads to desensitization. Therefore, it is paramount to ensure high transmit/receive (Tx/Rx)

Researchers are looking for new methods to integrate sensing capabilities into textiles while maintaining the durability, flexibility, and comfort of the garment. One method for imparting sensing capabilities into garments is through coupling conductive yarns with the radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. These smart devices have exhibited promising results for short-term use. However,

In this letter, we propose a design of a dual circular-polarized antenna for L-band applications (1.1–1.6 GHz). The designed antenna has been developed by considering crossed-dipoles on top of which a circular patch has been placed, to properly act on the mutual coupling between the dipoles. The dual circular polarization is achieved by feeding dipoles in quadrature. Moreover, to increase the antenna

A new class of slotted spherical antenna is proposed in this letter. The antenna is composed of a single air-filled high-quality-factor spherical resonator that is properly slotted on the cavity shell, and is fed by a rectangular waveguide on the other side of the slots, radiating the TM 101 and TM 211 modes. A three-slot antenna prototype operating at X - and Ku -bands is designed and implemented

In this letter, we experimentally validate the concept of bespoke lenses for the specific design of a log-spiral feed. Bespoke lenses are designed using the concept of quasi-conformal transformation optics (QCTO) to enhance the radiation properties for a given feeding. Our experimental results demonstrate that the antenna with its bespoke lens has higher gain, lower cross polarization, lower sidelobes

Electromagnetic analysis is subjected to uncertainties due to variations in material properties, excitation functions, boundary conditions, or the geometry itself. In this letter, the stochastic response is obtained using the Neumann expansion method, which is implemented alongside Galerkin’s formulation of vector finite elements for the variations in the properties of the electromagnetic material

This letter presents a dual-polarized and dual-frequency reflectarray backed by a frequency selective surface (FSS) with application to shared aperture Ku / Ka -band satellite communication antennas. The reflectarray has been designed to operate simultaneously at 20 and 30 GHz (downlink and uplink frequencies in Ka -band) using a single-layer configuration, where the printed elements are etched on

To enlarge the range of wireless fronthaul and backhaul communication links operating close to the millimeter-wave region, this letter presents a novel line-of-sight (LoS) multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) relay system. The analog relay system consists of a simple 90° hybrid coupler to separate two uncorrelated transmit data streams realizing a low complex and cheap system. The functional capability

We present an efficient approach for the solution of the 2-D forward electromagnetic scattering problem related to arbitrary-shaped multilayer cylinders having embedded inhomogeneities. For this purpose, we combine the method of moments (MoM) with the previously introduced approach that enables simple and fast computation of the field scattered from arbitrary-shaped multilayer cylinders through the

The effectiveness of the uniform asymptotic physical optics approach is tested with reference to the plane wave diffraction by a nonplanar junction that is formed by a perfect electrically conducting sheet and a lossy double-negative metamaterial layer. In particular, attention is paid to the accuracy of the total field that is obtained by adding the geometrical optics contributions to the diffraction

For square kilometer array (SKA) mid-frequency aperture arrays, dense connected aperture arrays such as Vivaldi antenna arrays are being considered, but to achieve the required system sensitivity for radio astronomical observations, this would mean a large number of antenna elements particularly in the order of millions. Two concepts of regular-on-grid and irregular-on-grid sparse array configuration

In this letter, an ultrawideband and single-layer circuit analog absorber with a low profile and small unit size is proposed. The absorber is composed of a Rogers 4003 dielectric with two square loop arrays, respectively, printed on the top and bottom, and a metal ground below. Lumped resistors are embedded on the four edges of the square-loop arrays to introduce resistance loss. Equivalent circuit

A packaged microstrip line feed network on a single substrate surface is presented in the Ka-band for a 4 × 4 dual-polarized array with a capability to be expanded to higher order 2 N × 2 M , where N and M are integer numbers larger than 1. A dual-polarized aperture-coupled magneto-electric dipole antenna is designed as a single element with 20% bandwidth of −10 dB reflection coefficients, ports’ isolation

This letter presents a novel water spiral dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) to generate multimode orbital angular momentum (OAM) waves. The shell of the spiral DRA filled with distilled water is designed as a cylinder with a spiral paraboloid on one side produced by a 3-D printer, and fed with two orthogonal signals at the other (bottom) side to excite higher order modes. By changing the radius, height

A carbon fiber microstrip patch antenna is presented, constructed entirely from fiber-reinforced plastic materials, and fabricated directly into carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) composites as part of the composite manufacturing process. Fabrication of antennas as part of the composite manufacturing process provides numerous benefits, such as conformation to complex curvatures, reduced weight

A 1 bit single-polarization broadband space-time-coding digital metasurface element with a zero cross polarization is proposed. This element consists of a modified patch, an electronic switch, a dc-bias network, a ground plane, and two-layer dielectrics. The upper patch with edge loading and centered square hole is fully optimized to achieve broadband and stable phase difference between two states

We present a metasurface-enabled cavity antenna that achieves full beam steering but features a significantly reduced number of fed elements. To create this antenna, we first excite a traveling wave in a cavity enclosed by an active metasurface, then form the desired radiation by leaking the cavity wave through a perforated top plate. We hence achieve a steerable antenna for which the number of fed

This article proposes a four-port integrated antenna structure with a dielectric medium, which can be used to increase the pattern gain. To enhance the multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) performance, a low correlation is required between antenna elements. First, the refraction effect of the proposed medium is explained, including a derivation of the phase variation. Second, a new four-port integrated

In this letter, we propose and demonstrate a data-driven machine learning-based approach to accelerate the finite element method (FEM), method of moments (MoM), finite difference (FD) method, and related variational methods, while maintaining the attractive properties that have allowed such methods to dominate computational science and engineering fields like computational electromagnetics. We use

A prismatic conformal metasurface, based on optimized multielement phase cancellation, is proposed for wideband radar cross-sectional (RCS) reduction. The metasurface is composed of 35 lattices located in seven zones of a prismatic structure. The lattices in different zones are simulated under corresponding incident angles and taken into account the difference of wave path caused by the bending of

A novel millimeter-wave (mm-Wave) binary coding antenna with broadband, dual-polarization, and wide beamwidth is proposed, and its broad-angle scanning array is also studied. The element employs the stacked patches, where the optimal middle parasitic patch and top driven patch are introduced to broaden the bandwidth and beamwidth. The driven and parasitic patches are realized by series of small units

We propose a metasurface (MTS) structure integrated at the aperture of a flanged rectangular waveguide to produce dual-beam radiation. The dual beams are antiparallel in an orientation and perpendicular to the boresight direction. The MTS is backed by a dielectric slab to produce a substrate integrated waveguide-like response above the flange. The MTS is engineered to limit the boresight emission from

In this letter, a symmetrical periodic leaky-wave antenna is proposed using an annular-elliptical-shaped unit cell loaded with balanced shorting pins across the E -plane. The proposed structure is a series-fed antenna array with a microstrip feed-line. The even symmetry field distribution across the longitudinal plane of the unit cell has the controllable propagation constant feature. With excitation

The multilevel physical optics (MLPO) method is an effective method for performing the simulation of scattering patterns from a range of frequencies and aspect angles. However, the number of plane patches used to discretize the surfaces of the scatterers will increase with the frequency. Therefore, workloads of the domain decomposition and the calculation of the physical optics integral are too heavy

A dual-polarized filtering antenna without using extra parasitic element or filtering circuit is proposed. The proposed antenna consists of two pairs of dipole arms and baluns. The balun feeding scheme is used to form two half-wavelength resonators, which introduce two radiation nulls in the upper stopband. Meanwhile, in the lower stopband, another radiation null is generated by the radiation cancellation

In this letter, a self-balanced wideband patch antenna fed with a U-resonator is proposed to realize sidelobe reduction, even-mode suppression and bandwidth enhancement. Initially, a rectangular slot is embedded at the center of patch to interrupt and reshape its out-of-phase current, by which sidelobe radiation is significantly reduced. Then, a U-resonator is introduced at the bottom to improve the

A 2 × 2 integrated antenna array operating at 28 GHz with 4 GHz bandwidth is presented. A conventional printed circuit board (PCB) technology is used to realize the antenna board with low fabrication cost by minimizing the number of layers and vias. To overcome limited bandwidth and high mutual coupling, several techniques are used: proximity-coupled feedings, slotted patches, and defected ground.

Hybrid beamforming antenna arrays are a prominent component in communications at millimeter-wave frequencies. Multiple analog beamforming arrays will be used for spatial multiplexing of signals also in hand-held devices. In this letter, we derive the correlation coefficient for signals received by two ideal arrays in simple power angular distribution schemes. The purpose is to develop tools for evaluating

This letter proposes a novel design for a patch array antenna using a double indirect coupled feeding structure to achieve broad matching and gain bandwidths for automotive radar applications. The proposed radar antenna consists of a microstrip line, a rounded rectangular radiator, and a waveguide feeding structure. The indirect coupled feeding mechanism is first applied to the rounded rectangular

This letter describes the use of slot array equivalence of single square-shaped patch antenna for the generation of orbital angular momentum (OAM) wave. Single patch antenna with phase-shifted power divider network behaves as 4-element slot array and can generate +1 or −1 OAM mode. Design, analysis, and measurement of the proposed novel OAM antenna that resonates at frequency 5.5 GHz are presented

In this letter, a low-profile and wideband planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) based on multiresonant modes is proposed for wireless local area networks and the Internet of Vehicles applications. Through cutting a rectangular slot at the zero-current position of the TM $_{\text{3}/\text{2}, 0}$ mode, a resonant slot mode (TM $_{\text{RS}}$ ) is excited. Meanwhile, to enhance the impedance bandwidth (IBW)

Wireless power and data transmission systems are important components in bioelectronics. Achieving resonance at the data transmission frequency without negatively impacting the efficiency at the power transmission frequency may enhance data transmission capability. In this letter, a new system referred to as tuned inductor four capacitor is proposed to achieve resonance at the data transmission frequency

A novel miniaturized ultrawideband (UWB) half-mode Vivaldi (HM-Vivaldi) antenna based on mirror image theory is proposed in this letter. The antenna consists of half a modified radiating arm and two rows of metallized vias, which are equivalent as the perfect electric wall. According to the mirror image theory, the induced current on the electric wall can replace the mirror image current of the radiating

In this letter, a microstrip patch hybrid mode technique is introduced to design a 2-D wide-angle scanning planar phased array. The proposed element consists of a circular patch and four rectangular parasitic patches distributed around the circular patch. In order to obtain wider radiation beamwidth (BW) in two orthogonal azimuth planes, the TM 11 mode of the circular patch and the zeroth-order resonant

We present a novel learning-based static gesture recognition framework using electromagnetic (EM) scattered field data, which can efficiently address some significant issues in traditional vision-based recognition approaches. An end-to-end complex-valued attention convolutional neural network (CNN) is devised to train the gesture recognizer, wherein the attention module is designed to learn robust

This letter exploits a dual feature of rectangular open-ended ground slot to design an integrated 4G/5G antenna for mobile devices. In the proposed configuration, the antenna footprint of the 4G module is used for the installation of a 5G antenna module. While the entire rectangular slot is structured to operate at 800 MHz and 2 GHz, an array of 4-element Vivaldi antenna operating at 28 GHz is added

Circularly polarized slot antennas based on dual-mode elliptic substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavities are proposed in this letter. Current distribution on the dual-mode cavity is analyzed first to facilitate the layout design. The antennas are divided into three categories. For the first one, three unbalanced slots are etched on the upper surface of the cavity with a central rectangular slot

Presents corrections to the above named paper.

The design of a circular-waveguide coupled two-layer dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) configuration is presented. It is observed that besides a reduction in the number of layers compared to a rectangular waveguide coupled multilayer-DRA structure to achieve coupling and enhanced bandwidth, the current configuration significantly enhances the functionality of the design in the realization of dual

The interpolation errors of bivariate Lagrange polynomial and triangular interpolations are studied for the plane waves. The maximum and root-mean-square (rms) errors on the right triangular, equilateral triangular, and rectangular (bivariate Lagrange polynomial) interpolations are analyzed. It is found that the maximum and rms errors are directly proportional to the ( p + 1)th power of kh for both

A novel wideband magnetoelectric (ME) dipole antenna with dual circular polarization and unidirectional radiation is proposed in this letter. The proposed antenna is based on two perpendicular sub-ME dipoles realized by four V-shaped patches and four V-section columns, and each of them is composed of an electric dipole and a magnetic dipole in parallel. Fed by two simple Γ-shaped feeds, 90° phase difference

In this letter, a single-fed high-gain circularly polarized slotted patch antenna is proposed. The proposed antenna consists of a slotted radiation patch and a ground plate, which has a simple structure. The slots are etched on the radiation patch to radiate circular polarization. The measured impedance bandwidth for S 11 <−10 dB is around 17.4% (3.05–3.63 GHz). Also, the measured axial-ratio (AR)

Prediction accuracy of rain attenuation on short-range millimeter-wave (mm-wave) terrestrial links is of the utmost importance for signal strength prediction and link budget of 5G systems and beyond. This letter contributes to the prediction of rain attenuation over millimeter-wave frequencies for a short-range path (less than 1 km). Interestingly, rain-induced attenuation predicted by utilizing ITU-R

A novel 2 b dual-band multifunction active frequency selective surface is proposed. The frequency response of the surface is guided by four binary states controlled via direct current supply biasing of two p-i-n diodes. The binary combination states 00 and 11 offer transmission at center frequencies of 2.3 and 5 GHz and shield to bands at 5 and 2.3 GHz for transverse electric/transverse magnetic modes

In this letter, a broadband polarization-independent tunable absorber is proposed based on active frequency selective surface (AFSS). The AFSS consists of periodic patterns of four-patch array with four p-i-n diodes loaded among them, and a simple bias network is designed behind the ground plane through metalized via holes, which can effectively reduce the influence on the absorbing performance. By

Based on the theory of transformation optics (TO), a new and simple method for generating multimodal orbital angular momentum (OAM) carrying beams in 3-D space is proposed in this letter. The proposed 3-D arbitrary-way multimodal OAM generator only requires an electric dipole as the source. It consists of a four-way plane waves converter and four multimodal OAM generators. Since this method only requires

To make metasurface design faster and more convenient, a new inverse extreme learning machine (ELM) is proposed in this letter. Compared with the traditional forward model based on artificial neural networks, the proposed inverse ELM uses a small number of training samples to meet the modeling standard, and it directly obtains the satisfying geometry without an optimization process. Meanwhile, to enhance