Security and privacy are useful concerns in the context of big data. The Internet of Things (IoT) serves both to bolster and to ease security worries. IoT gadgets raise immense new security challenges, particularly with regards to things like basic framework. Be that as it may, they additionally offer approaches to help keep clients progressively secure by adding additional obstructions of safeguard

Cooperative communication in wireless sensor network has emerged a solution of energy limitation of sensor nodes. Relay selection in cooperative communication plays an important role to improve the performance of energy constrained networks. In such networks, to make balance between network lifetime (NL) and Bit Error Rate (BER) is the difficult task for the researchers. Although, the minimization

With the large-scale application of wireless sensor network, the position information of sensor nodes is more and more important. The position information of the unknown nodes are mainly depended on the beacon node the in wireless sensor network. First, the concept and characteristics of wireless sensor networks of the positioning technologies are briefly described. Then, the calculation methods of

In the case of crisis and disaster situations, Public Safety Organization (PSO) experience situations where most of the telecommunication infrastructure becomes unavailable or not reliable. Thus, an effective disaster assessment of the situation becomes a challenging task for the PSO. UAV is considered as the most suitable solution to address these scenarios where a maximal radio coverage of the target

LTE-unlicensed (LTE-U) technology is a promising innovation to extend the capacity of cellular networks. The primary challenge for LTE-U is the fair coexistence between LTE systems and the incumbent WiFi systems. In this paper, we aim to maximize the long-term average per-user LTE throughput with long-term fairness guarantee by jointly considering resource allocation and user association on the unlicensed

A number of image encryption techniques have been proposed in recent years. These techniques use either spatial or transform domain image processing. A major challenge when designing an image encryption scheme is to conceal the pixel of the input image, especially when the image has a low texture region. Another problem is the encryption computational time. In this paper, these two issues are addressed

In this paper, we investigate the impact of channel estimation errors on the physical layer security of an overlaying device-to-device (D2D) wireless network with an amplify-and-forward untrusted relay. An untrusted relay assists D2D communication while may capture the confidential data. Under the practical assumption of imperfect channel state information (ICSI) for the relay-to-receiver D2D link

Iris Recognition is gaining popularity in various online and offline authentication and multi-model biometric systems. The non-altering and non-obscuring nature of Iris have increased its reliability in authentication systems. The iris images captured in an uncontrolled environment and situation is the challenging issue of the iris recognition. In this paper, a compression robust and KPCA-Gabor fused

Over the years, the performance of devices used to gather sensitive medical information about individuals has increased substantially. These include implanted devices in the body, placed on or around the body, creating a Wireless body area network. Security and privacy have been a greater concern over a period of time due to the sensitive nature of the data collected and transmitted by the network

Wireless Body Area Sensor Networks are related to the monitoring of human physiological parameters. In these small sized machines called sensors are used to observe the physiological parameters. They are small in size which makes them easy to carry around but on the same time they have a serious problem that they can carry with them a very small sized battery. The sensors deplete their energy while

Alzheimer’s Disease is a degenerative neurological disease that progresses slowly and gradually. Currently incurable, and those who suffer from it deprive themselves, compared to ordinary people, of the freedom to move outside their homes. This paper aims to design and build an Internet of things prototype to locate an Alzheimer’s patient in real time in order to improve his quality of life and facilitate

In recent years, the need to deploy Wireless Sensor Networks increases in different applications. Several studies have been proposed to demonstrate the importance to use Mobile Data Collectors (MDC) in Wireless sensor Networks. The main goal of this paper is to reduce the energy consumption of sensor nodes and to extend the network lifetime. In this paper, we propose to construct a Minimum Spanning

The major challenges in massive MIMO networks are to increase the system throughput and capacity with low complexity and reliability of the wireless communication system. The computational complexity and system capacity of massive MIMO (M-MIMO) systems depend on adequate user grouping, user selection, and antenna scheduling methods. Additionally, the interference of the M-MIMO system is reduced when

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), traffic flow congestion can reduce network performance. We propose a congestion control method for WSNs that use a cache state with a dual threshold in the router buffer to control congestion. In addition, the congestion is controlled by the channel transmission state that is monitored by the queuing variation tendency and the transmission rate. Based on the active

Great efforts have been paid to develop Content Based Video Retrieval (CBVR) due to the exponential growth of video datasets with several types of data such as visual, audio and metadata. This paper proposes Eagle Eye a new Content Based Video Retrieval Framework through applying new methods for the major three important parts of CBVR. A Subspace Clustering Algorithm is implemented with binary codes

Cloud Computing Systems (CCSs) provides a computing capability through the Internet. It enables organizations or individuals to have a computing power without deploying and maintaining their own Information Technology infrastructure. As a cloud is realized on a vast scale cloud, it consumes an enormous amount of energy. Migration pattern, where several Virtual Machines (VMs) can be placed on a minimum

Adaptive ranking in opportunistic routings is known to significantly improve the performance over traditional opportunistic routing protocols in wireless networks using a volunteer node for energy efficiency. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) mainly forward packets through neighbor nodes, which usually may go to sleep mode (when not in use) to improve the lifetime of the network. The sleep state of nodes

The technology is growing towards smart communication through smart devices. This smart communication leads to the development of Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET). These days each vehicle is acting as a smart device which could establish a smart communication among the vehicles. The growth of VANET communication passes through various stages such as RoadSide Unit (RSU), Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V), Cluster

A modified robust multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm for direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation of coherent source signals is devised in this work. Classical and subspace-based methods require large antenna elements and huge computations for the estimation of intended signals. It also deviates from its performance in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions. Hence efficient and robust

Wireless sensor networks consist of many tiny sensor nodes which are deployed in various geographical locations for sensing the normal spectacles and also to transmit the collected information to the base station which is also named destination node through multiple nodes present in the network. Most of the existing heuristics algorithms used for finding the optimal routes have limitations in the provision

The vulnerability that exists in the computer network by the infection of virus as soon as the resources are exposed requires the study of the nature of propagation of virus into the network. In this work we have formulated a novel epidemic Susceptible-Infected-Recovered model that deals with the infected nodes in the network in terms of the development of immunity attained after recovery. Positivity

This paper utilizes the unified signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) composite distribution of \(\alpha -\kappa -\mu\)/lognormal (LN) as well as \(\alpha -\eta -\mu\)/LN fading channels, i.e., generalized/lognormal (GL) distribution to derive and analyse different performance metrics of digital communication system. Specifically, for coherent as well as non-coherent modulation techniques the average symbol

In this article compact multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna with triple notch at the ultra-wideband application having two identical monopole antennas is proposed. The two inverted ‘U’ shaped slots are etched on the antenna geometry. The proposed antenna gets notch obtain notch characteristics at three frequencies i.e. 3.51–4.3 (WiMAX), 5.5–5.6 (WLAN) and 8.4–8.8 (X-band applications in UWB

When a packet is transmitted using orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) transmission in IEEE 802.11ad, channel frequency responses (CFR) cannot be fully estimated using the common preamble of a packet, because the bandwidth of the estimated CFR using the common preamble is narrower than that of the data-field of OFDM transmissions. This study presents a channel estimation method that can

Wireless Body Area Networks(WBANs) is one of the most attractive communication technologies in recent years. Herein, network lifetime acts as a key factor in various WBANs applications. In this paper, an adaptive energy-aware relay mechanism is proposed to improve the network lifetime performance of WBANs based on the framework specified in IEEE 802.15.6 protocol. The proposed mechanism considers the

The compressive sensing (CS) technique is widely used in the field of radio-frequency channel estimation. However, in optical wireless channel (OWC) estimation, CS needed to be adapted to cope with the nonlinear distortion resultant from the electrical-to-optical and optical-to-electrical conversion process of the OWC. Therefore, a robust CS channel estimation technique is proposed for the optical

Stress is one of the most common problems that is faced by a majority of the students. Long-term stress can lead to serious health problems, for example, depression, heart disease, anxiety, and sleep disorder. This paper proposes an efficient stress level detection framework to detect the stress in students using Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. The framework classifies stress into three levels;

The enhancement of throughput is one of the key issues in the cognitive radio network. In this paper, a channel status prediction scheme based on hidden Markov model is proposed for enhancing the throughput of cognitive radio network. Unlike the conventional scheme which relies on channel sensing alone, the proposed scheme provides an additional advantage of being able to predict the primary user’s

In this paper, an effective network energy optimization is carried out for the internet of things (IoTs) sensor nodes in respect of the wireless sensor networks. A capsule neural network architectural model is proposed here to achieve better performance by minimizing the network energy overhead for the wireless sensor network (WSN) aided internet of things. In WSN models, each sensor nodes gets communicated

Energy efficiency and energy balance are two important performance indexes in wireless sensor networks which determine the lifetime of networks. This paper proposes a protocol, termed as annulus division based energy-efficiency clustering protocol (ADEC), in which the monitor area is divided into several annuluses with different width. By considering the distance between sensor nodes and the base station

A micro-programmed Reconfigurable Parallel Finite Impulse Response (RPFIR) filter which can be used as subsystem in wireless sensor node is described in this work. High throughput is achieved using parallel processing and the power consumption is reduced using Vertical Horizontal Binary Common Sub expression Elimination (VHBCSE)-Reconfigurable Multiple Constant Multiplication (RMCM) based multiplier

The medical field has witnessed an exponential growth of wearable devices mainly due to the advancement in wireless communication and antenna technology. There is a demand for wearable antennas, which are lightweight, flexible, and ease of integration into the fabric which suits on-body applications. Therefore, this work presents the design, fabrication, and analysis of two microstrip antennas using

Biometric traits are frequently used by security agencies for automatic recognition of a person. There are numerous biometric traits used for person identification. In recent years, iris biometric trait becomes very popular and efficient in many security applications. However, biometric systems are prone to presentation attack. This attack is carried out by using spoofing of any biometric modality

The chaotic systems have been used in the construction of the substitution boxes (S-boxes) which play a key role in modern block cipher. In this paper, we propose a method for constructing the chaotic S-boxes using the composition of transpositions. The proposed method includes three steps, i.e., generate a trajectory of a given chaotic system, quantify this trajectory, and generate S-box using quantified

OFDM is a multicarrier transmission technique, widely preferred due to advantages like high data rate, less bandwidth consumption and channel robustness. IEEE 802.11a standard uses conventional OFDM which uses IFFT for generating orthogonal carriers and multiplexing. Due to extra bandwidth consumption by cyclic prefix in conventional OFDM, DWT has now emerged as new alternative over FFT. It offers

Chi square distribution is a continuous probability distribution primarily used in hypothesis testing, contingency analysis, and construction of confidence limits in inferential statistics but not necessarily in the modeling of real-life phenomena. The closed-form expression for the quantile function (QF) of Chi square is not available because the cumulative distribution function cannot be transformed

The orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) system with two-dimensional (2-D) modulation technique is an attractive technology to show the better performance than the conventional orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system, particularly in the high-speed vehicle communications and high-level dimensions of multiple-input multiple-output systems. However, the OTFS system has high peak-to-average

This paper proposes a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) channel prediction scheme using multi-task learning algorithm. Based on the spatially correlated MIMO channel Channel State Information (CSI) observations, a multi-task least square support vector machine (MTLS-SVM) is trained, where the CSI prediction for each antenna pair can be modeled as one task and jointly learning between these tasks are

There was a mix-up of Figs. 5-8 in the initial, online publication.

IEEE 802.11n standard is deployed virtually everywhere: on residences, offices, university campuses, and even market places. However, throughput obtained by end users have not measured up to the speed range of between 100 and 600 Mbps stipulated in the standard due to the Physical (PHY) technology involved and timing headers at the Media access control (MAC). To overcome this, two frames aggregation

Visible Light Communication (IEEE 802.15.7) implements a centralized topology using a visible-light personal network coordinator (VPNC) for network access and data sharing. A VPNC is a user-device (UD) that is dynamically selected based on several parameters ranking its ability as the most capable device in the attocell network. Theoretical performance bounds of attocell networks based on the use of

High speed of vehicles in vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) makes the dissemination of information from source to destination a very challenging task. The moving vehicles share a predefined road layout, therefore data packets are needed to forward within a particular geographical region only. The geographical region so identified is known as geocast region. Many authors have investigated geocast routing

Loosely coupled interworking WLAN/cellular system has attracted a lot of attention recently, since the WLAN bandwidth is not restricted by the cellular network. In this kind of systems, a handoff from the WLAN to the cellular network is considered as a new call and therefore incurs a significant delay. Hence, the mobile station (MS) has to accomplish the handoff ahead of losing the WLAN coverage. In

Machine-to-machine (M2M) is an important part of Internet of Things (IoT), and is used to describe those technologies applied in wireless communication automatically between mechanics or electronics instruments. With the rapid development and wide application of the Internet of Things, IETF is assigned to design IPv6 over low power wireless personal area network (6LoWPAN). The address of IPv6 is indefinite

Approaches for increasing the network throughput and thus enhancing the performance of wireless mesh networks are one of the key challenges. Network Coding (NC) offers a way to improve on the network performance, by sharing network resources. With the additional approaches, where routing decisions are made with the awareness of coding capabilities and opportunities, the performance of NC can be further

The original publication contains the following errors: In Eq. 31 and in Eq. 32 before the plus sign, GA1 should have read GA0. In section 5.3, microseconds (µsec) and MHz were mistakenly used instead of milliseconds (ms) and kHz, resp.

Currently, data centers are considered as the most important parts of internet services such as electronic commerce, social networks and mobile networks. The increasing number of mobile users on the one hand, and the use of data traffic on the other, have led LTE operators to find new methods for more optimized and faster data centers localization. The role of data centers in LTE networks is very important

Due to the broadcast nature of wireless communication, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are susceptible to several attacks. Amongst them, replica attack is one of the predominates as it facilitates the attackers to perform some other attacks. So, it is of immense significance to design a competent security method for WSNs. Introducing a trust method is the primary concern for assisting well-organized

By the increased number of mobile devices, the demand of high speed connection oriented tunneling networks also increases. But, in mobile tunneling networks, the full route will have to be reconstructed more frequently because of more frequent route failures, where the requirements for extra route reconstructions (RRC) will cause extra delay and a decreased system throughput. In this work, a novel

LoRa is a recently developed physical layer modulation technique characterized by low power consumption and long range communication capabilities. Due to the organic relevance of these features in the Internet of Things, LoRa has gained significant traction in the contemporary telecom industry. LoRa has been rigorously analyzed with regard to its functionalities and applications. However, due to its

The aim of this article is to introduce a compact configuration of an arc shape ultra-wideband (UWB) planar antenna with nominal characteristics towards surface penetrating radar (SPR). The design is implemented to enhance antenna gain and bandwidth widening, that makes it a suitable device to be used in the detection or scanning operations. To serve the purpose, a simplified defected ground structure

Financial Cryptography and Security Engineering are the significant areas for research, advanced development, education, exploration and also for commercial purposes. The paper emphasizes both essential and applied real-world deployments on all aspects as far as e-commerce security is concerned. In essence, we recognize several issues of financial cryptography and suitable technique to concentrate

Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) being a vital component of Intelligent Transport System (ITS), is getting due attention from the research community. VANET are self-organized networks, offering a variety of services, comprising not only the safety of drivers and commuters but also provides them travel comfort, while they are on the wheels. But due to some inherent characteristics of VANETs, information

This paper details the construction and working of a compound reconfigurable filter capable of frequency and bandwidth reconfiguration in the frequency range from 2 to 3 GHz. The switching between frequency and bandwidth reconfiguration is inherited by two PIN diodes. Bandwidth tuning is facilitated by tuning two transmission zeros individually using varactor diodes, giving flexibility in reconfiguring

In a traditional (t, n) threshold secret sharing scheme, a secret is divided into n shares and each shareholder keeps one share. Any t or more shareholders can reconstruct the secret if each of them releases its share to the others privately. However, if the communication is over insecure networks, participated shareholders may not be able to verify identities of others and the communicated information

One of the basic challenges in wireless sensor networks is energy conservation. Sensor nodes are energy constrained and prudent energy usage is of utmost importance. Data aggregation aims to reduce amount of data communicated across the network without loss in information, thereby reducing the energy costs, and increasing network lifetime. In this paper, we propose a novel, simple and easy to implement

The integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) and cloud environment has led to the creation of Cloud of Things, which has given rise to new challenges in IoT area. In this paper, using the Markov model learning method and calculating the need probability of each object to resources shortly to reduce latency and maximize network utilization, allocating resources in the fog layer has been possible

Cognitive radio (CR) technology is to assure the better utilization of the spectrum, permitting the non-licensed users to utilize the unused bands provided to the Licensed or primary users, which is made effective through the application of the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). The effective utilization of the OFDM channels through temporarily allocating the bands to the unlicensed

Efficient resource allocation is indispensable in the current scenario of a service-oriented computing paradigm. Instance allocation to the host and the task allocation to the instance depends on the efficiency of scheduling technique. In this work, we exhibit the provisioning of tasks or cloudlets on a virtual machine. The Big-Bang Big-Crunch-cost model is proposed for efficient resource allocation

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is considered among the most suitable multiplexing technique for realizing high speed wireless communication in the present era. Substantially immune to frequency selective fading, high spectral efficiency and superior data rate made OFDM a preferred and popular modulation technique in 3rd generation and 4th generation mobile communication systems.