Magnetic induction communication (MIC) demonstrates high penetration efficiency and low propagation loss in extreme environments. It is used in underground and underwater environments to enable critical applications that cannot be achieved by using terrestrial wireless techniques. This article studies the channel and antenna modeling for MIC in inhomogeneous environments, where a transmitter and a

The development of next generation wireless communication systems focuses on the expansion of existing technologies, while ensuring an accord between various devices within a system. In this article, we target the aspect of precoder design for simultaneous wireless information and power transmission (SWIPT) in a multi-group (MG) multicasting (MC) framework capable of handling heterogeneous types of

Lately, the deployment of heterogeneous wireless networks has emerged, as part of the 5G vision, to cope with the users’ exaggerated service demands. In this context, the application of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) technique constitutes a promising solution to facilitate a balance between spectral efficiency and system complexity. In this article, we consider the problem of joint user association

With the emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology, wireless connectivity should be more ubiquitous than ever. In fact, the availability of wireless connection everywhere comes with security threats that, unfortunately, cannot be handled by conventional cryptographic solutions alone, especially in heterogeneous and decentralized future wireless networks. In general, physical layer security

In this article, we propose an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing system supported by the compressed sensing assisted index modulation, termed as (OFDM-CSIM), applied to millimeter-wave (mmWave) communications. In the OFDM-CSIM mmWave system, information is conveyed not only by the classic constellation symbols but also by the on/off status of subcarriers, where the size of constellation symbols

Wireless powered communication networks (WPCNs) are commonly analyzed by using the linear energy harvesting (EH) model. However, since practical EH circuits are non-linear, the use of the linear EH model gives rise to distortions and mismatches. To overcome these issues, we propose a more realistic, nonlinear EH model. The model is based upon the error function and has three parameters. Their values

In this article, we introduce and study the potentials and challenges of integrated access and backhaul (IAB) as one of the promising techniques for evolving 5G networks. We study IAB networks from different perspectives. We summarize the recent Rel-16 as well as the upcoming Rel-17 3GPP discussions on IAB, and highlight the main IAB-specific agreements on different protocol layers. Also, concentrating

Carrier Aggregation (CA) is an integral part of current cellular networks. Its ability to enhance the peak data rate, to efficiently utilize the limited available spectrum resources and to satisfy the demand for data-hungry applications has drawn large attention from different wireless network communities. Given the benefits of CA in the terrestrial wireless environment, it is of great interest to

The fifth-generation (5G) of cellular networks and beyond requires massive connectivity, high data rates, and low latency. Millimeter-wave (mmWave) communications is a key 5G enabling technology to meet these requirements thanks to its technical potentials that can be integrated with other 5G enablers such as ultra-dense networks (UDNs) and massive multiple-input-multiple-output (massive MIMO) systems

Free-space optical (FSO) communication provides wireless optical connectivity with high data rates and low-cost implementation; however, its performance is strongly influenced by the power attenuation due to the infrequent adverse weather conditions. This article proposes a novel highly sensitive dual-mode receiver comprising an array of single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) and a PIN photodiode (PD)

The use of large arrays might be the solution to the capacity problems in wireless communications. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) grows linearly with the number of array elements $N$ when using Massive MIMO receivers and half-duplex relays. Moreover, intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) have recently attracted attention since these can relay signals to achieve an SNR that grows as $N^{2}$ , which

Visible light communication (VLC) systems are promising candidates for future indoor access and peer-to-peer networks. The performance of these systems, however, is vulnerable to line of sight (LOS) link blockage due to objects inside the room. Considering pedestrians as the most common VLC links blocking obstacles, we develop a probabilistic passive pedestrian detection and localization method. Our

This article aims to investigate the performance of the IEEE 802.11-based tree-topology network, where a wireless node is within the others’ carrier sensing ranges. In such a network, the concurrent transmission is a dominant cause of frame collisions. Moreover, the relay nodes (RN) (i.e., in the tree) likely cause the coexistence of non-saturated and saturated nodes in the networks. Those conditions

With the recent explosive growth in online classes and virtual meetings, real-time video communication has quickly become essential to everyday life. Despite its widespread deployment, our investigation revealed that current protocols, ranging from industry standards such as WebRTC to state-of-the-art research such as Salsify, frequently perform sub-optimally in the presence of competing flows at the

Sparse signals, encountered in many wireless and signal acquisition applications, can be acquired via compressed sensing (CS) to reduce computations and transmissions, crucial for resource-limited devices, e.g., wireless sensors. Since the information signals are often continuous-valued, digital communication of compressive measurements requires quantization. In such a quantized compressed sensing

Caching popular videos at the edge has been confirmed as a promising way to support low-latency video transmission and alleviate the backhaul traffic burden. Meanwhile, mobile edge computing (MEC) has also been regarded as an effective solution to meet the 5G low-latency service requirements. In this article, we propose to fully utilize both the storage and computing resources at edge servers to support

Using stochastic geometry tools, we develop a systematic framework to characterize the meta distributions of the downlink SIR/SNR and data rate of the typical device in a cellular network with coexisting sub-6GHz and millimeter wave (mm-wave) spectrums. Macro base-stations (MBSs) transmit on sub-6GHz channels (which we term “microwave” channels), whereas small base-stations (SBSs) communicate with

We consider transmission of packets over queue-length sensitive unreliable links, where packets are randomly corrupted through a noisy channel whose transition probabilities are modulated by the queue-length. The goal is to characterize the capacity of this channel. We particularly consider multiple-access systems, where transmitters dispatch encoded symbols over a system that is a superposition of

Electromagnetic wave control using the concept of a reflecting surface is first studied as a near-field and a far-field problem. Using a secondary source present in a wireless communication environment, such as a backscatter tag, it is possible to leverage the incoming radiation from the source as a reference-wave to synthesize the desired wavefront across the reflecting surface, radiating a field

Fibbing is a network technology that can provide flexible routing in IP networks. In a Fibbing network, the network controller cleverly broadcasts link state advertisements (LSAs) of the open shortest path first (OSPF) protocol to generate fake nodes. These fake nodes enlarge the physical topology and turn the network into a virtual network. Although the routers still follow the shortest path routing

In this paper, we analyze the performance of a wireless-powered communication network that consists of a multiple-antenna hybrid access point (AP) and a single-antenna user. The AP transmits radio frequency (RF) power in the downlink (DL) using maximal ratio transmission (MRT) type energy beamforming. The user harvests it and transmits data to the AP in the uplink (UL), which is received with maximal

This paper presents a novel approach to analyse the traffic efficiency of infrastructureless networks. Wireless communication is rapidly moving towards more infrastructureless routing schemes, where the devices encounter frequent topology changes and communicate with each other anonymously and sporadically. Nodes do not have the opportunity to choose an optimum routing path, they do rather obtain a

In the present work, we investigate the impact of transceiver hardware imperfection on reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted wireless systems. In this direction, first, we present a general model that accommodates the impact of the transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX) radio frequency impairments. Next, we derive novel closed-form expressions for the instantaneous end-to-end signal-to-noi

An interacting multiple model based on unscented Kalman filter (IMM-UKF) is widely applied to positioning and tracking targets in various tracking scenarios. At the same time, visible light positioning (VLP) is developing rapidly due to the low cost and accuracy. Therefore, indoor positioning and tracking based on VLP combined with the IMM-UKF has attracted considerable interest. However, existing

Ambient backscatter communication is an emerging and promising low-energy technology for the Internet of Things. In such a system, a tag sends a binary message to a reader by backscattering a radio frequency signal generated by an ambient source. The tag can operate without battery and without generating additional radio waves. However, the tag-to-reader link suffers from the source-to-reader interference

Massive and ubiquitous deployment of devices in networks of fifth generation (5G) and beyond wireless has necessitated the development of ultra-low-power wireless communication paradigms. Recently, wireless-powered networks with backscatter communications (WPN-BCs) has been emerged as a most prominent technology for enabling large-scale self-sustainable wireless networks with the capabilities of RF

The emerge of Internet of Things (IoT) brings up revolutionary changes to wireless communications. Cognitive radio (CR) can be seen as one of the prominent solutions to spectrum scarcity in IoT, where multi-band cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) is the key. However, lack of centralized control and increase in number of devices place a room for many challenges. One of the main challenges is secondary

Visible Light Communication (VLC) has attracted significant attention over the past decade. Although numerous research studies have been performed to improve the data rate of VLC links, an important fact has been largely neglected: human bodies that host VLC receivers could block their Line-of-Sight (LOS) downlinks , and thus, degrade the system performance greatly. In this paper, we propose a system

Recently, tag-to-tag (T2T) backscattering technique in a passive RFID system has received broad attention due to its superiority for large-scale network applications. If used to implement a Network of Tags, use of T2T communication allows inherent communication parallelism, thus supporting orders of magnitude larger capacity than centralized RFID reader-based systems. To unleash the potential of T2T

Multi-access edge computing (MEC) has been proposed as an approach capable of addressing latency and bandwidth issues in application computation offloading to extend the capabilities beyond the computational and storage limitations of mobile devices. However, there is a critical challenge in MEC to maintain the service continuity between the offloaded user application that is running on the MEC host

The demand for wireless connectivity has grown exponentially over the last few decades. Fifth-generation (5G) communications, with far more features than fourth-generation communications, will soon be deployed worldwide. A new paradigm of wireless communication, the sixth-generation (6G) system, with the full support of artificial intelligence, is expected to be implemented between 2027 and 2030. Beyond

Pilot symbol assisted modulation (PSAM) is widely used to obtain the channel state information (CSI) needed for coherent demodulation. It allows the density of pilot symbols to be dynamically chosen depending on the channel conditions. However, the insertion of pilots reduces the spectral efficiency, more severely when the channel is highly time-variant and/or frequency-selective. In these cases a

This paper provides a comprehensive study of the harmonics generated by a frequency shifted backscatter communication system. The suppression and the manipulability of different harmonics are of importance to avoid detrimental inter-user interference when a number of backscattering nodes (and perhaps also other active wireless users) operate simultaneously in a network. In this paper the harmonics

This paper studies optimum detectors and error rate analysis for wireless systems with low-resolution quantizers in the presence of fading and noise. A universal lower bound on the average symbol error probability ( $\mathsf {SEP}$ ), correct for all $M$ -ary modulation schemes, is obtained when the number of quantization bits is not enough to resolve $M$ signal points. In the special case of $M$ -ary

We evaluate the outage probability (OP) for $L-$ branch equal gain combining (EGC) receivers operating over fading channels, i.e., equivalently the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the sum of the $L$ channel envelopes. In general, closed form expressions of OP values are out of reach. The use of Monte Carlo (MC) simulations is not a good alternative as it requires a large number of samples

A new composite fading model is introduced. This shadowed Beaulieu-Xie model is developed to characterize wireless communication in an environment with an arbitrary number of line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight signals, in contrast to the existing Rayleigh, Ricean, generalized Ricean (i.e., $\kappa -\mu $ ), and Nakagami- $m$ models. The proposed model benefits from four parameters that characterize

To support multiple users in an indoor multiple-input multiple-output visible light communication (MIMO-VLC) system adopting spatial multiplexing, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) is usually adopted, where the overall modulation bandwidth is shared by all the users. In this paper, by fully exploiting the spatial distributions of light-emitting diode (LED) transmitters in the ceiling

The emergence of visible light communication (VLC) as a subset of optical wireless communication (OWC) in the early 2000s has turned any light-emitting diode (LED) source into a potential data transmitter. The design process for any VLC or OWC system typically involves a link budget analysis performed by studying the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the receiver. Since this SNR strongly depends on the

The recent research trends for achieving ultra-reliable and low-latency communication networks are largely driven by smart manufacturing and industrial Internet-of-Things applications. Such applications are being realized through Tactile Internet that allows users to control remote things and involve the bidirectional transmission of video, audio, and haptic data. However, the end-to-end propagation

The cognitive radio (CR) technique has revealed a novel way of utilizing the precious radio spectrum via allowing unlicensed users to opportunistically access unutilized licensed bands. Using such a technique enables agile and flexible access to the radio spectrum and can resolve the spectrum-scarcity problem and maximize spectrum efficiency. However, two major impediments have been limiting the widespread

Multiband spectrum access plays an essential role in cognitive radio systems so as to increase the network’s throughput through wideband spectrum sensing. It includes identifying the number of subbands comprising a wide spectrum by edge detection, and also examining their occupancy through primary user detection techniques. Despite the offered accuracy of the wavelet-based approaches, their complexity

In this article, we explore the performance of optical wireless technology for ensuring audio communications inside an aircraft cockpit. One advantage is that, unlike radio frequencies, opaque objects block optical signals and, therefore, signals cannot pass through walls. This can reduce security risks against eavesdropping and hacking of the physical layer, which is one of the main concerns in the

In this paper, we examine the error performance of backscatter communication in the presence of ambient interference, where the backscatter device acts as a relay. Specifically, the performance comparison of amplify-and-forward (AF) and decode-and-forward (DF) backscatter relaying is considered for the first time. Considering energy-based detection for on-off keying (OOK) modulation, we derive the

Due to limited interference range, the advantage of visible light communication (VLC) over wireless fidelity (WiFi) lies more in the unit-area transmission rate rather than the single-link transmission rate. To characterize the achievable transmission rate per unit area, we consider an indoor downlink VLC network with dense attocell configuration for the transmitters with single-color light-emitting

In underwater wireless optical communications (UWOC), the random obstruction of light propagation by air bubbles can cause fluctuations in the incoming light intensity of a receiver. In this paper, we propose a statistical model for determining the received power by a receiver in the presence of air bubbles. First, based on real experiments of the behavior of air bubbles underwater, we propose statistical

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have the potential of realizing the emerging concept of smart radio environments by leveraging the unique properties of metamaterials and large arrays of inexpensive antennas. In this article, we discuss the potential applications of RISs in wireless networks that operate at high-frequency bands, e.g., millimeter wave (30–100 GHz) and sub-millimeter wave (greater

Wireless traffic usage forecasting methods can help to facilitate proactive resource allocation solutions in cloud managed wireless networks. In this paper, we present temporal and spatial analysis of network traffic using real traffic data of an enterprise network comprising 470 access points (APs). We classify and separate APs into different groups according to their traffic usage patterns. We study

We investigate the problem of sum-rate maximization of a secondary link of full-duplex generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) radios operating over a spectrum hole, which is surrounded by two active primary adjacent channels. Thus, the secondary transmissions must be below an adjacent channel interference (ACI) threshold. In-band distortions and several interference terms are also caused

In this work, we investigate the probability distribution function of the channel fading between a base station, an array of intelligent reflecting elements, known as large intelligent surfaces (LIS), and a single-antenna user. We assume that both fading channels, i.e., the channel between the base station and the LIS, and the channel between the LIS and the single user are Nakagami- $m$ distributed

We address channel characterization and modeling for medical wireless body-area networks (WBANs) based on the optical wireless technology. We focus on the intra-WBAN communication links, i.e., between a set of medical sensors and a coordination node, placed on the patient’s body. We consider a realistic mobility model, e.g., inside a hospital room, which takes into account the effect of shadowing due

Loading methods for wireline and wireless transmission systems are explained and reviewed to allow examination of fundamental equivalences between approaches to optimum transmission with linear cross-dimensional interference. Shannon’s famous water-filling method is then re-interpreted by examining the difference between mutual information and the constellation size used on each tone. Results reinforce

Hybrid terrestrial-satellite (HTS) communication systems have gained a tremendous amount of interest recently due to the high demand for global high data rates. Conventional satellite communications operate in the conventional Ku (12 GHz) and Ka (26.5–40 GHz) radio-frequency bands for assessing the feeder link, between the ground gateway and the satellite. Nevertheless, with the aim to provide hundreds

A probabilistic protection guarantee enables a cloud provider to improve the availability of their cloud computing system in a cost-efficient manner. A backup resource allocation strategy based on the probabilistic protection guarantee reduces the total amount of required backup computation resources by allowing multiple virtual machines to share the same backup computation resources of a physical

Nowadays, deep neural networks (DNNs) are the core enablers for many emerging edge AI applications. Conventional approaches for training DNNs are generally implemented at central servers or cloud centers for centralized learning, which is typically time-consuming and resource-demanding due to the transmission of a large number of data samples from the edge device to the remote cloud. To overcome these

Increased data rates and very low-latency requirements place strict constraints on the computational complexity of channel decoders in the new 5G communications standard. Practical low-density parity-check (LDPC) decoder implementations use message-passing decoding with finite precision, which becomes coarse as complexity is more severely constrained. In turn, performance degrades as the precision

The concept of reconfiguring wireless propagation environments using intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS)s has recently emerged, where an IRS comprises of a large number of passive reflecting elements that can smartly reflect the impinging electromagnetic waves for performance enhancement. Previous works have shown promising gains assuming the availability of perfect channel state information (CSI)

Next generation cellular networks are expected to connect billions of devices through its massive machine-type communication (mMTC) use case. To achieve this, waveforms with improved spectral confinement and high spectral efficiency compared to cyclic-prefix orthogonal division multiplexing (CP-OFDM) are required. In this paper, filter-bank muilticarrier with quadrature amplitude modulation (FBMC-QAM)

While mobile networks are evolving rapidly, the battle between ever-growing traffic demands and out-paced network capacities will continue and require more efficient solutions. Emerging techniques such as mobile edge computing and device-to-device (D2D) communications can help relieve traffic at the mobile edge and accommodate surging traffic demands from various content-centric services. In this work

The proliferation of ubiquitous computing applications created a multi-dimensional optimization problem that includes several conflicting variables such as spectral efficiency, complexity, power consumption, delay, and error probability. To relax the problem and provide efficient solutions, it was necessary to augment the currently overutilized radio spectrum with new frequency bands such as the optical

Intrusion detection plays a critical role in cyber-security domain since malicious attacks cause irreparable damages to cyber-systems. In this work, we propose the I2SP prototype, which is a novel Information Sharing Platform, able to gather, pre-process, model, and distribute network-traffic information. Within the I2SP prototype we build several challenging deep feature learning models for network-traffic