This article presents an experimental methodology to control the voltage generated from a switched reluctance generator (SRG) using fuzzy logic control. The generated voltage is controlled by varying the demagnetization angle ( θ off ), maintaining the magnetization angle ( θ on ) fixed. The developed strategy operates on the upper switches of the asymmetric half-bridge converter. The converter topology

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With the increasing proportion of renewable energy, some problems have gradually emerged. To reduce the operating cost and improve system reliability, renewable power forecasting is an indispensable part. Compared with the deterministic prediction, the probabilistic forecast considers the uncertainty, which helps manage the power system operations. This study proposes a novel hour-ahead probabilistic

As a new emerging approach, virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control for interfacing inverters in renewable distributed generation (DG)-based microgrids has attracted significant research interest. However, VSG control cannot ensure proportional reactive power sharing among DG units when unequal transmission line impedances are involved, although active power sharing remains proportional among DGs

This article deals with a robust frequency cascaded adaptive complex filter (ACF) control for the grid interactive photovoltaic (PV) system. The incorporated control algorithm rejects lower order harmonics too unlike the conventional quadrature signal generators; thus, this control algorithm extracts accurate fundamental frequency orthogonal components of load current. The voltage source converter

Unlike a land-based standalone microgrid, a shipboard microgrid of an all-electric ship (AES) needs to shut down generators during berthing at the port for exanimation and maintenance. Therefore, the cost of onshore power plays an important role in an economic operation for AESs. In order to fully exploit its potential, a two-stage joint scheduling model is proposed to optimally coordinate the power

The large-scale sharing electric vehicle (SEV) need adequate charging infrastructure to maintain the optimal operation. Considering the convenience of SEV users' charging during driving, a two-stage planning method combining charging stations and scattered charging piles for SEV is proposed to balance the economy of SEV operators and the convenience of SEVs users. In the first stage, according to the

Distributed energy resources especially wind and photovoltaic power, and demand response are highly valued in recent years for their advantages in environmental protection, sustainable development, and so on. However, their volatility poses double risks to the DER aggregator when formulating a profitable bidding strategy and schedule scheme. To this end, first, this article proposes an information

The new concept of renewable energy communities introduced by the Revised European Directive on the promotion of renewable sources (2018/2001) has opened new possibilities for microgrids. In fact, it permits to enhance the value of the energy produced by renewable sources sharing it inside an “energy community” and to increase the social welfare. In this article, the authors investigated about the

Flux modulation permanent-magnet machines (FMPMs) operate on the magnetic gearing effect and thus can produce large torque at low rotation speed. However, the most significant drawback of many FMPMs is the low power factor. In order to further improve the torque density and power factor, this article proposes an advanced FMPM with permanent magnets (PMs) on both stator and rotor. In this article, the

This article investigates the virtual third harmonic back electromotive force (EMF)-based sensorless drive method for high-speed brushless dc (BLDC) motors. Conventional zero-crossing point (ZCP) detection methods of virtual third harmonic back EMF require hardware low-pass filters and voltage comparators, causing serious phase lag. To avoid the undesired phase lag of hardware, the proposed method

Owing to the high speed and frequency required in electric machine industry, the significance of ac resistance has been increasing. This study investigates the ac resistance of windings according to the configuration of strands. The mechanism of generating the ac resistance in winding conductors was investigated with respect to the slot leakage flux and eddy current. Then, when applying the strands

This article proposes a design method of the high-speed multilayer interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (HSML IPMSM) employing the ferrite permanent magnet (PM). Since the maximum speed of the traction motor in this article is 15 kr/min, the mechanical stability must be considered. Additionally, in the case of the HSML IPMSM, as the number of the PM layers increases, the thickness of the PMs

This article investigates and compares the electromagnetic performance of two novel hybrid-magnetic-circuit variable flux memory machines (HMC-VFMMs) with different hybrid permanent magnet (PM) configurations. The investigated HMC-VFMMs are both geometrically characterized by a combination of series and parallel magnetic circuit topologies, but with different positions of series and parallel PM branches

This article proposes a new hybrid analytical and numerical finite element (FE) based method for calculating ac eddy current losses in wire windings and demonstrates its applicability for axial flux permanent magnet electric machines. The method takes into account three-dimensional (3-D) field effects in order to achieve accurate results and yet greatly reduce computational efforts. The new 3-D FE-based

The accurate control of interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) and drive in electric vehicle applications is vital for achieving superior performance over a wide range of speeds and loads. Many control methods such as loss minimization and maximum efficiency (ME) have been developed to improve the efficiency of the motor–drive, by mainly considering the controllable fundamental losses

In order to predict the performance of designed electric machines, and also based on which the high efficiency of the drive systems can be obtained, the accurate calculation of the iron loss is necessary. Taking modeling accuracy versus modeling complexity into account, this article proposes a general and accurate iron loss calculation method considering harmonics based on the loss surface (LS) hysteresis

In this article, a new type of consequent pole flux reversal permanent magnet (CFRPM) machine, which features more iron poles than PM poles under one stator tooth, is proposed to improve the torque density. The proposed CFRPM machine with 6 slots and 16 poles (6S16P) is compared with a 12S16P FRPM machine and its consequent pole type, as well as a conventional 6S4P surface-mounted PM (SPM) machine

In the design of modern, high-performance switched reluctance machines, the highly restrictive sets of constraints and requirements severely limit the number of feasible solutions. In order to improve the chances of attaining a successful design, this work proposes a novel and fully analytical approach to the preliminary design analysis. Initially, the correct number of independent design variables

A new algorithm for numerical identification of the static Preisach hysteresis model is proposed for more accurate estimation of dc-biasing hysteresis curves and hysteresis loss of the grain-oriented silicon steel sheet. Based on the experimental asymmetric major hysteresis loop under dc-biased magnetization, two sets of first-order reversal curves corresponding to ascending and descending branches

This article proposes a rotor temperature estimation method for in-service induction machine (IM) based on parameter identification, which combines the advantage of recursive least squares (RLS) and model reference adaptive system (MRAS). The RLS with forgetting factor is firstly adopted to identify the parameters of motor inductances. Then, the online identification of rotor resistance can be realized

Multiobjective and multiload point design optimization of an interior permanent magnet (IPM) synchronous machine using a global response surface method to achieve low torque ripple with high average torque over the entire speed range is presented in this article. The approach consisting of a set of design steps and multiobjective optimization to obtain high-performance electric machines with optimum

This article presents a harmonic modeling method (HMM) for coaxial magnetic gears (CMGs) by considering the nonlinear B – H curve for soft-magnetic material. CMGs are divided into several annular layers, where Maxwell equation is solved. A convolution matrix of permeability is introduced to obtain the relationship between the magnetic flux density and magnetic field strength, and the continuous boundary

A new partitioned-primary flux-reversal hybrid-excited linear motor is proposed and investigated in this article, which features an asymmetrical double-sided primary structure. The novelty of this motor lies in the adoption of a partitioned-primary structure by moving the field excitation winding to an additional primary, thus it benefits from improved space utilization ratio since both armature and

Polymer film insulation degradation is a major problem for electric machines which leads to short circuits, overheating, and eventually the occurrence of catastrophic failure. Electrical insulation materials provide the vital function of turn-to-turn, phase-to-phase, and phase-to-ground electrical isolation for the electromagnetic coils and windings. This article investigates the characterization of

This article investigates novel fractional slot nonoverlapping winding hybrid excited (HE) machines with consequent-pole permanent magnet (PM) rotors. The proposed machines accommodate the rotor PM and stator field winding separately, which has solved the spatial confliction of double excitations. Different consequent-pole interior PM rotor configurations are extended to retain the PMs and utilize

This article presents a flying-capacitor linear amplifier (FCLA) that achieves high efficiency, low harmonic distortion, and low electromagnetic interference (EMI). A conventional class-B linear amplifier cannot be used in power conversion applications, because the power loss generated in active-state MOSFETs is high compared with the loss generated in switching operations. In the proposed FCLA, multiple

Multilevel inverters provide appealing advantages such as improved efficiency, superior thermal performance, better distribution of the switching and conduction power losses, smaller size of passive components including output ac filters and EMI filters, as compared to their two-level counterparts. The flying-capacitor (FC)-based topologies are attaining more attentions, and are finding lots of medium-voltage

This article deals with a new electric vehicle (EV) charger based on a bridgeless (BL) isolated Zeta–Luo converter with built-in power factor (PF) preregulation capability at the supply side. This configuration is a combination of Zeta and Luo converters, which are designed to work during individual halves of supply voltage. This gives additional benefits of higher efficiency than the previously developed

Along the advances of wide-bandgap power devices, the pulsewidth modulation (PWM) converters are developing toward higher switching frequencies in recent years. Accurate estimation of the high-frequency power losses of magnetic components, the core loss in particular, has been a challenge for PWM converters. While the conventional approaches based on Steinmetz equation lose the accuracy in PWM excitations

This article presents a control technique to improve the power quality and performance of grid-connected single to three-phase power converter. The conventional five-leg (5L) topology is modified to parallel five-leg (P5L) topology that has fault tolerance capability and operates even either of the front end converter leg is open-circuited. In such topologies, lower order harmonics (3rd, 5th, 7th,

This article details with the use of objective sizing techniques for a novel design of a residential solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) combined cooling, heating, and electrical power system for the U.K. market. The aim of the research is to determine the objective sizing of key parameters relating to the cooling, heating, and power supply and demand, namely the number of cells in the SOFC, the effectiveness

Voltage control schemes are being employed to guarantee that the voltage across the grid stays within the predefined boundaries. Growing number of smart PV-based inverters (SPVIs) necessitates cutting-edge control schemes to ensure addressing voltage fluctuations suitably aligned with the existing grid codes. Designing such control schemes for grid clusters with high penetration of SPVIs is complex

This article presents grey relational analysis (GRA)-based objective function optimization in predictive torque control (PTC) for induction machine. Selection of appropriate weighting factor in the objective function is one of the key aspects in the implementation of PTC. However, selection of suitable weighting factor in the objective function is a heuristic task. To address this issue, GRA method

Cascaded H-bridge topology has been used in grid-tied converters for battery energy storage system due to its modular structure. To fully utilize the converter's modularity, this article proposes a hierarchical distributed control architecture that consists of primary control, secondary control, and battery state-of-charge (SOC) balancing control. Primary control ensures accurate current tracking,

Estimating the configuration of the distribution network (DN) is essential for coordinated protection, reliable automation, and robust control applications. This article presents a novel approach to detect the configuration of the DN by acquiring and processing real-time measurement from the optimally placed microphasor measurement unit ( $\mu$ PMU). Initially, the $\mu$ PMU placement problem is formulated

Multilevel inverter (MLI) has wide applications due to its numerous advantages. An improved configuration of eleven-level MLI suitable for medium-voltage range has been proposed in this article. The proposed topology contains two half-bridge submodules, one flying capacitor MLI, and one full bridge submodule. A simple method of capacitor voltage balancing has been demonstrated with less ripple. The

This article proposes a novel approach for operating hybrid fuel cell and battery power systems in marine vessels. The target of the approach is to reduce energy losses in drivetrain devices. In the proposed approach, the dc bus voltage of the hybrid power system is adjusted according to fuel cell operating points, which enables operation in freewheel mode, and thus significantly reducing power conversion

The electric vehicle with passive hybridization of fuel cells and supercapacitors leads to lower cost and compactness due to the absence of dc–dc converters. This article models such a vehicle and evaluates the energy efficiency of its powertrain system. The powertrain component losses, as functions of electric machine torque, speed and dc-link voltage, are modeled with a high level of detail, which

This article presents a traction converter configuration using modular multilevel converter (MMC) for interfacing the single-phase ac railway power line with the multiple traction motors of an electric locomotive. The conventional grid frequency step-down transformer used in electric locomotive is replaced by a medium frequency transformer (MFT). The system consists of two sets of MMCs: one to interface

To remove fine particles from a wet flue gas desulfurization (FGD) system in a coal-fired power plant, we develop a flat-plate type wet electrostatic mist eliminator (EME), with a narrower gap and higher gas velocity than that of a conventional electrostatic precipitator. Particle collection and pressure drop performance tests are conducted at the laboratory scale for the EME with a single-channel

The aim of this article is to create a novel filtering algorithm for the emitted electromagnetic signals of corona discharges, using the special time-domain features of the continuous wavelet transform. The first part of this article therefore focuses on the time-domain examination of these signals to find characteristic features that are compatible with the wavelet transform. The second part of this

The distributed control of dc microgrid requires communication of the voltage or per-unit current data between the neighboring nodes. This data is processed by the secondary controller to generate a reference for the primary controller. Any uncertainty in the communicated data leads to the oscillations in the dc bus voltage, disproportionate load sharing, or instability due to erroneous references

Thermostatically controlled loads such as refrigerators are exceptionally suitable as a flexible demand resource. This article derives a decentralized load control algorithm for refrigerators. It is adapted from an existing continuous time control approach, with the aim to achieve low computational complexity and an ability to handle discrete time steps of variable length—desirable features for embedding

This article presents the design of an adaptive backstepping robust optimal control (ABROC) approach for achieving performance with high dynamic of high-speed micro permanent-magnet synchronous motor (HS-MPMSM) drive. First, a backstepping controller is designed for stabilizing the HS-MPMSM drive. To enhance the performance of the control system against external disturbances and parameter variations

This article proposes a multiphysics-based and multiobjective design optimization of high-frequency transformers (HFT) for solid-state transformer (SST) applications. Achieving an efficient SST, regardless of its topology, highly depends on the design optimization of its HFT design parameters. Also, a high-power-density. The proposed algorithm (based on time-harmonic electromagnetic, thermal, and fluid

This article proposes a modified adaptive control architecture for doubly fed induction generator DFIGs connected to the power grid that can be augmented with the existing conventional vector control of DFIG. The architecture uses online identification of the system transfer function using recursive least squares (RLS). An auto-regressive moving average system model is identified by the RLS algorithm

An interval type-2 fuzzy logic (IT2FL)-based technique is proposed to control the operation of an in-conduit hydropower generator for recapturing waste energy in water pressure reducing valves (PRVs) and generating maximum power. Using an experimental setup, an actual water supply station is simulated for testing the operation and control of the in-conduit generator. The test system includes one hydro-powered

This article presents control strategies developed with two-level coordinated and double loop control for a standalone microgrid. The interfacing inverter is controlled to perform multifunctions. It incorporates the compensation for power quality problems at the point of common coupling and controls the voltage and frequency deviation to provide a constant voltage and frequency to connected ac loads

A minimum-phase dual output hybrid converter for standalone hybrid ac/dc supply systems is proposed in this article. Due to its circuit arrangement, the converter eliminates the right half-plane zero from the control-to-dc output voltage transfer function (i.e., making the system minimum-phase) and gives simultaneous ac and dc outputs using single-stage power conversion. Due to the minimum-phase behavior

To maximize renewable energy usage to combat climate change, the penetration of electric vehicles (EVs) has increased significantly in developed countries. This can cause serious power quality issues, such as increased voltage imbalance and neutral currents, which severely impact the operation of power systems. Although the power quality issue is not a new problem, it requires an improved strategy

It is well known that the interaction between cascaded individually designed power conversion systems can cause instability. To overcome this issue, a Hamiltonian energy control scheme is proposed, which is based on passivity control theory and port-controlled Hamiltonian framework. A complementary PI adjustment term is also included in the control algorithm to eliminate the steady-state output voltage

As the global environmental pollution and energy crisis become more serious, lithium-ion batteries (LIB) received an increasing research interest due to their low self-discharge rates, long cycle life, and high power density for the transportation applications. Battery management system (BMS) plays an essential part for the LIB system as it can guarantee an efficient and stable operation through LIB

This article describes an experimental setup for performing brightness matching experiments with pulsed and steady light. The framework is about revisiting and confirming the Talbot–Plateau (TP) law for light with steep changes. Experiments are designed for pulses at 100 Hz with 25% duty cycle. The light levels are in the photopic range. The first experiment results are displayed and evaluated. It

On May 3, 2015, a serious electrical incident occurred at one of the Department of Energy's national laboratories. Preventative maintenance was being performed on 13.8-kV switchgear, which included the task of cleaning individual switchgear cubicles. A wireman unknowingly entered an energized cubicle in order to clean it with a commercial spray cleaner. When he proceeded to spray the cleaner onto the

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Electric arc furnaces (EAFs) are processes with an intensive consumption of energy; in modern arc furnaces, the specific energy conception range is around 0.5 MWh per ton of produced liquid steel. In such furnaces, small improvements in efficiency represent significant savings. Electric arcs are highly nonlinear and chaotic, and their use in the arc furnaces for scrap melting introduces a very high