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PAPR reduction using twin symbol hybrid optimization-based PTS and multi-chaotic-DFT sequence-based encryption in CP-OFDM system Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2021-01-29 Mrinmoy Sarkar, Asok Kumar, Bansibadan Maji
Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is considered as one of the most significant transmission methodologies of the recent past. Moreover, it permits easy demodulation and modulation. To find the new OFDM-based waveform to be used in fifth generation which is one of the foremost open issues for wireless networks of the next generation. In addition, the OFDM is affected by the maximum Peak-to-Average
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Dynamic wavelength and bandwidth allocation for supporting diverse customers and prioritized traffic in NG-PON2 networks Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-11-21 Naureen Hoque, Byrav Ramamurthy
Resource allocation is a fundamental task in any PON and it is necessary to have an efficient scheme that reduces delay, maximizes bandwidth usage, and minimizes the resource wastage. A variety of dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA) and dynamic wavelength and bandwidth allocation (DWBA) algorithms have been proposed which are based on different PONs (e.g., EPON, GPON, XG-PON, 10G EPON, etc.). But to
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Energy-efficient, EDFA lifetime-aware network planning along with virtualized elastic regenerator placement for IP-over-EON Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-11-19 Pramit Biswas, Aneek Adhya
In this paper, we focus on energy-efficient network planning (including traffic provisioning) along with optimal placement of virtualized elastic regenerators (VERs) for IP-over-elastic optical networks based on a static traffic profile, using a mixed integer linear programming-based optimization model. The proposed model judiciously exploits flexibility of IP core routers, sliceable bandwidth variable
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Design of all-optical AND, OR, and XOR logic gates using photonic crystals for switching applications Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-11-05 Dalai Gowri Sankar Rao, Sandip Swarnakar, Venkatrao Palacharla, Karyabhattu Seeta Rama Raju, Santosh Kumar
We propose a photonic crystal-based all-optical AND, OR, and XOR logic gates using square lattice silicon rods with air background. The design of proposed logic gates works on beam interference principle and operates efficiently by changing phase of light beams at 1550 nm wavelength. The proposed AOX logic gates are implemented with only one structure with variations in the phase of applied input signals
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Solving routing and spectrum allocation problems in flexgrid optical networks using pre-computing strategies Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-11-02 Fernando Lezama, Alberto F. Martínez-Herrera, Gerardo Castañón, Carolina Del-Valle-Soto, Ana Maria Sarmiento, Enrique Muñoz de Cote
Flexible optical network architectures are considered a very promising solution where spectrum resources are allocated within flexible frequency grids. This paper presents a minimum spectrum utilization (SU) and average path length (APL) approach to solve the (off-line) routing and spectrum allocation problem (RSA) based on combining a simple ordering pre-computation strategy, namely most subcarriers
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A new binary to gray code converter based on quantum-dot cellular automata nanotechnology Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-11-01 Xiao-bin Shu, Li-na Li, Miao-miao Ren, Bayan Omar Mohammed
Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) is one of the most prominent technologies in nanometer-scale with appreciable reduction of size and power consumption and high switching frequency to overcome the scaling limitations of complementary metal-oxide semiconductor. On the other hand, code converters play a key role in signal processing and efficient network designs. The researchers have focused on emerging
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Ultra-fast all-optical full-adder based on nonlinear photonic crystal resonant cavities Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-10-31 M. J. Maleki, A. Mir, M. Soroosh
In this paper, a new photonic crystal-based full-adder for the summation of three bits has been proposed. For realizing this device, three input waveguides are connected to the main waveguide. An optical power splitter is placed at the end of this waveguide. Concerning the amount of optical intensity inside this waveguide, two nonlinear resonant cavities transmit the waves toward the correct ports
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Macroscopic and microscopic techno-economic analyses highlighting aspects of 5G transport network deployments Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-10-13 Ioanna Mesogiti, George Lyberopoulos, Fotini Setaki, Andrea Di Giglio, Alessandro Pelcelsi, Laura Serra, Jim Zou, Anna Tzanakaki, Markos Anastasopoulos, Eleni Theodoropoulou
5G networks will comprise multiple, versatile infrastructures at finest granularity consisting of multiple disaggregated pools of network, compute and storage resources. To support the 5G network architectures and satisfy the access network demanding performance requirements, transport networks consisting of various converging technologies shall provide mechanisms to support deployment flexibility
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Modeling and minimization of FWM effects in DWDM-based long-haul optical communication systems Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-10-13 Farman Ali, Fazal Muhammad, Usman Habib, Yousaf Khan, Muhammad Usman
Optical communication systems (OCSs) mainly represent the backbone of modern long-haul communication networks because of low loss transmission over long distances and ultra-high capacity. However high data-rate transmission through optical fiber suffers from deterioration due to nonlinear impairments, such as four-wave mixing (FWM) in particular. At high launch power levels, which are required for
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Performance and optimization of hybrid FSO/RF communication system in varying weather Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-10-12 Muhammad Nasir Khan, Hasnain Kashif, Abdul Rafay
Radio frequency (RF) spectrum is already dense enough and hard to add more broadband channels to meet the current user demands. Optical free-space communications could be an excellent alternative to the RF communications system, and it provides additional benefits, e.g., large bandwidth, high data rates and reliable communication link. Therefore, free-space optical (FSO) communication system becomes
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IAM: an improved mapping on a 2-D network on chip to reduce communication cost and energy consumption Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-09-16 Parisa Mazaheri Kalahroudi, Elham Yaghoubi, Behrang Barekatain
Based on the recent research, the communication cost has been the most important open issue in network on chip (NoC). In other words, the lower the communication cost, the better the performance of the NoC and the lower the energy consumption. In this regard, although different mapping algorithms are proposed, they could not efficiently address some important challenges such as high complexity, early
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Resilient architecture for optical access networks Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-09-15 C. Christodoulou, G. Ellinas
This work proposes a resilient wheel-based wavelength-division-multiplexed passive optical network optical access network architecture for backhauling network traffic. This proposed resilient architecture can efficiently support not only the fixed users but also the mobile users in the downstream direction under normal and failure operating scenarios, while minimizing the average traffic delivery time
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Photonic crystal add–drop filter: a review on principles and applications Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-09-05 Marjan Bazian
Add–drop filter (ADF) is a key component in optical integrated circuits that can be used in all-optical communication networks and wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems. The quality factor, coupling efficiency, transmission efficiency and coupling length are important parameters in add–drop filters. Photonic crystal (PC) optical devices have become popular among researchers because their structure
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Optimized placement of virtualized resources for 5G services exploiting live migration Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-09-04 Nikolaos Gkatzios, Markos Anastasopoulos, Anna Tzanakaki, Dimitra Simeonidou
This paper focuses on a Centralized Radio Access Network solution adopting the concept of resource disaggregation. In this context, it proposes a heuristic suitable to optimally assign Base Band Unit processing functions in softwarized Radio Access Networks to different servers, taking into consideration their processing requirements with the aim to minimize the overall energy consumption. It also
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Adaptive FH optimization in MEC-assisted 5G environments Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-08-30 Viktoria-Maria Alevizaki, Markos Anastasopoulos, Anna Tzanakaki, Dimitra Simeonidou
To address the limitations of current radio access networks (RANs), centralized RANs adopting the concept of flexible splits of the BBU functions between radio units (RUs) and the central unit have been proposed. This concept can be implemented combining both the Mobile Edge Computing model and relatively large-scale centralized Data Centers. This architecture requires high-bandwidth/low-latency optical
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Design of a 1 × 2 novel optical switch based on polarization converters and splitters Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-08-29 Liu Aichun; Fethallah Karim
In this paper, a 1 × 2 optical switch based on two TE/TM polarization converters, one 1 × 2-polarization beam splitter and a hybrid 2 × 2-polarization beam splitter/combiner is designed and discussed. The novelty of this work resides in the design of a 2 × 2-hybrid polarization beam combiner/splitter, operating as a 2 × 2 polarization optical switch through the combining and the splitting of polarized
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Threshold optimization for modified switching scheme of hybrid FSO/RF system in the presence of strong atmospheric turbulence Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-08-28 Shreesh Kumar Shrivastava; Sujata Sengar; Shree Prakash Singh; Soyinka Nath
In hybrid free space optical/radio frequency (FSO/RF) systems, switching between the optical and RF links depends on the optical and RF signal to noise ratio (SNR) threshold levels; therefore, the correct choice of these threshold levels is essential to make best use of the complementary nature of optical and RF links. Optimal selection of these threshold levels is the prime objective of this paper
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Spatial partitioning for proactive spectrum fragmentation avoidance in flex-grid/SDM dynamic optical core networks Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-08-27 Jaume Comellas; Jordi Perelló; Josep Solé-Pareta; Gabriel Junyent
Spectrum fragmentation has always been a major issue to overcome toward spectrally efficient Flex-Grid over Single-Mode Fiber dynamic optical networks and continues like so when evolving to Flex-Grid over Spatial Division Multiplexing (SDM). A possible strategy to eliminate its pernicious effects is to divide the available spectrum into several partitions, dedicating each one of them to only support
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Investigation of substrate materials for graphene oxide absorber loaded antenna array increased ambient temperature Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-08-27 Surekha Rani; Anupma Marwaha; Sanjay Marwaha
Integration of electromagnetic (EM) wave absorber with patch antenna array on single substrate provides a very efficient way to improve the radiation pattern of array by reducing mutual coupling effect. The placing of absorber on array assembly may however affect the radiation characteristics due to the heat generated from absorbed power. As the microwave absorber dissipates the inter-element waves
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Predictive autonomic transmission for low-cost low-margin metro optical networks Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-08-27 Marc Ruiz; Fabien Boitier; Behnam Shariati; Patricia Layec; Luis Velasco
Low-cost low-margin implementation plays an essential role in upgrading optical metro networks required for future 5G ecosystem. In this regard, low-resolution analog-to-digital converters can be used in coherent optical transponders to reduce cost and power consumption. However, the resulting transmission systems become more sensitive to physical layer fluctuations like the events caused by fiber
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Experimental validation of resource allocation in transport network slicing using the ADRENALINE testbed Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-08-27 Ricard Vilalta; Raul Muñoz; Ramon Casellas; Ricardo Martínez; Fei Li; Pengcheng Tang
Transport network virtualization provides the necessary data and control plane technologies as key enablers of future networks. The interaction between network slicing and optical transport network virtualization architectures is under study to automate effective network resource orchestration. In this paper, we present an harmonized network slicing and transport network virtualization architecture
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Evolving optical interconnection topology: from survivable rings to resilient meshes Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-08-14 M. H. M. Paiva, G. Caporossi, M. R. N. Ribeiro, M. E. V. Segatto
Physical topologies are evolving from elementary survivable rings into complex mesh networks. Nevertheless, no topology model is known to provide an economic, systematic, and flexible interconnection paradigm for ensuring that those meshes bear resilience features. This paper argues that intrinsic resilience can be brought by twin graph topologies, as they satisfy equal length disjoint path property
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Network coding-based routing and spectrum allocation in elastic optical networks for enhanced physical layer security Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-08-06 Giannis Savva, Konstantinos Manousakis, Georgios Ellinas
In this work, an eavesdropping-aware routing and spectrum allocation approach is proposed utilizing network coding (NC) in elastic optical networks (EONs). To provide physical layer security in EONs and secure the confidential connections against eavesdropping attacks using NC, the signals of the confidential connections are combined (XOR-ed) with other signals at different nodes in their path, while
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Experimental evaluation of dynamic resource orchestration in multi-layer (packet over flexi-grid optical) networks Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-07-25 Silvia Fichera, Barbara Martini, Ricardo Martínez, Molka Gharbaoui, Ramon Casellas, Ricard Vilalta, Raul Muñoz, Piero Castoldi
Network services in 5G will be rolled out as pools of virtual network functions (VNFs) exploiting the advantages of both software-defined networking and network function virtualization. In this context, 5G network services are envisaged as ordered sequences of VNFs resulting in the so-called VNF Forwarding Graphs (VNFFGs). Such VNFs can be allocated over a number of distributed but interconnected data
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Hybrid and optical packet switching supporting different service classes in data center network Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-07-10 Artur Minakhmetov, Cédric Ware, Luigi Iannone
Optical packet switching is a prominent technology proposing not only a reduction in the energy consumption by the elimination of numerous optical–electrical–optical conversions in electronic switches, but also a decrease in network latencies due to the cut-through nature of packet transmission. However, it is adversely affected by packet contention, preventing its deployment. Solutions have been proposed
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Virtualized controller placement for multi-domain optical transport networks using machine learning Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-07-10 Sabidur Rahman, Tanjila Ahmed, Sifat Ferdousi, Partha Bhaumik, Pulak Chowdhury, Massimo Tornatore, Goutam Das, Biswanath Mukherjee
Optical multi-domain transport networks are often controlled by a hierarchical distributed architecture of controllers. Optimal placement of these controllers is very important for efficient management and control. Traditional SDN controller placement methods focus mostly on controller placement in datacenter networks. But the problem of virtualized controller placement for multi-domain transport networks
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Virtual network mapping in elastic optical networks with sliceable transponders Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-07-07 Juzi Zhao, Suresh Subramaniam
Emerging inter-datacenter applications involving data transferred, processed, and analyzed at multiple datacenters, such as virtual machine migrations, real-time data backup, remote desktop, and virtual datacenters, can be modeled as virtual network requests that share computing and spectrum resources of a common substrate physical inter-datacenter network. Recent advances make elastic optical networks
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Dedicated and shared solutions for reliable function splitting in 5G X-haul Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-07-06 Bahare Masood Khorsandi, Didier Colle, Wouter Tavernier, Carla Raffaelli
Functional splitting, referred as X-haul, is introduced in the 5G networks to support flexibility and meet service requirements. Each split option has a different impact on latency and bandwidth characteristics. Depending on the split, a certain amount of redundant resources is required to provide resiliency against outages or failures, as in the case of the uRLLC service. This paper proposes novel
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A novel carrier-cooperation scheme with an incentive to offer emergency lightpath support during disaster recovery Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-07-03 Sugang Xu, Noboru Yoshikane, Masaki Shiraiwa, Takehiro Tsuritani, Xiaocheng Zhang, Yoshinari Awaji, Naoya Wada
To achieve fast recovery of optical transport networks after a disaster, we investigate a novel scheme enabling cooperation between carriers. Carriers can take advantage of their surviving or recovered optical resources to aid each other through an emergency lightpath support, thereby efficiently reducing the recovery burden, which can be heavy immediately after a disaster. Such lightpaths can be exclusively
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Real-time maintenance of latency-sensitive 5G services through network slicing Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-06-30 Rafael Montero, Fernando Agraz, Albert Pagès, Salvatore Spadaro
Network Slicing appears as one of the enabling technologies for 5G networks to accommodate services with different requirements and availability. The present work seizes the use of network slicing and focuses on the deployment and maintenance of services which are sensitive to latency constraints. For this purpose, the design and use of a VNF latency sensor are presented, considering its aggregation
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Optical four-channel demultiplexer based on air-bridge structure and graphite-type ring resonators Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-06-17 Saleh Naghizade; Saber Mohammadi
A novel an optical four-channel demultiplexer based on a hexagonal lattice shape of embedded air holes in dielectric substrate (air-bridge type) is proposed. Demultiplexing for each channel is obtained by designing the graphite-type ring resonator which consists of small air hole defects in own unit cells. The physical parameters which govern the demultiplexer performance are investigated. It is observed
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High speed nano-optical encoder using photonic crystal ring resonator Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-06-17 R. Rajasekar; G. Thavasi Raja; Jayson K. Jayabarathan; S. Robinson
In this present work, photonic crystal based ultra-high-speed encoder is proposed for optical computing applications. The designed logic device contains dual nanocavity coupled ring resonator, reflector and five waveguides in a square lattice with barium titanate rods arranged in a nanostructure platform. The encoding device is working based on the interference and resonance effect. The photonic band
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Real-time optical spectrum monitoring in filterless optical metro networks Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-06-17 Behnam Shariati; Marc Ruiz; Francesco Fresi; Andrea Sgambelluri; Filippo Cugini; Luis Velasco
Filterless optical networks (FONs) have been proposed as a feasible solution for optical metro networks. In addition, as a result of the shorter distance compared to core optical networks, direct detection optical transmission systems can be used in metro FONs, which reduces costs, as compared to coherent detection systems. In this work, we present two optical signal tracking approaches for FONs that
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System innovations in open WDM DCI networks Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-05-15 Loukas Paraschis, Harald Bock, Abhinava Shivakumar Sadasivarao, Sharfuddin Syed, Bernd Sommerkorn-Krombholz, Jeff Rahn, Biao Lu, Joao Pedro, Paul Doolan, Parthiban Kandappan
We review the most important WDM system innovations motivated by the evolution of DCI transport. State-of-the-art coherent transmission has already exceeded 6 b/s/Hz in transatlantic deployments. Moreover, the adoption of software innovations in automation and programmability, which DCI pioneered in transport networks, has also simplified operations and enables the emergence of open transport architectures
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Theoretical bounds for the bit error rate for SAC OCDMA balanced detectors with multiple photodiodes Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-05-13 Ahmed M. Alhassan; Nasreen Badruddin; N. M. Saad; S. A. Aljunid
In this paper, we derive the theoretical lower and upper bounds for bit error rate (BER) for spectral amplitude coding OCDMA balanced detector (BD) employing multiple photodiodes. The purpose of this study is to find the maximum performance improvement that can be achieved when a multi-photodiode structure is used to reduce the intensity noise. Results show that when the split signals are independent
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Optical backbone and control of attocell network Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-05-05 Kshitiza Singh; Abhishek Dixit; Virander Kumar Jain
For serving futuristic applications like distributed robotic systems with robots equipped with humanoid intelligence, wireless access to high-performance computing resources should be provided. For this purpose, a very dense wireless network, referred to as attocell network, consisting of radio cells typically less than 1 m\(^{2}\), and antennas integrated in the floor tiles has been proposed. To serve
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Performance evaluation of underwater wireless optical CDMA system for different water types Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-05-02 Mir Mehedi Al Hammadi; Md. Jahedul Islam
In this paper, an analytical approach is presented to investigate the bit error rate (BER) performance of underwater wireless optical code division multiple access system for different water types. Optical orthogonal codes (OOC) are used as the user-specific address sequence to encode and decode the user’s data. LED with an operating wavelength of 532 nm is used as the optical source, and silicon avalanche
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Performance analysis of compensation techniques for 80 × 12-Gbps DWDM systems using optical amplifiers Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-04-30 Ghanendra Kumar; Sandeep Kumar
Power compensation is the main challenging issue for dense optical communication system because it affects the signal strength, and subsequently, performances of the received signals are degraded. So in this recommended research work, we have resolved this challenge for 12-Gbps dense communication systems (DWDM) with 80 channels using the three power compensation approaches (pre-power compensation
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Novel encryption technique for security enhancement in optical code division multiple access Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-04-07 Urmila Bhanja; Sutikshna Singhdeo
In this paper, a novel two dimensional (2D) wavelength/time (W/T) optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) code with zero cross-correlation property to minimize multiple access interface (MAI) is addressed. The code is constructed using various features of two different one-dimensional codes, i.e., multi-diagonal code and prime hop code referred as multi-diagonal prime hopping (MDPHC) code. The
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Analysis and optimization of uniform FBG structure for sensing and communication applications Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-03-14 M. Divya shree; A. Sangeetha; Prabu Krishnan
A uniform fiber Bragg grating sensor is sketched and inspected by the finite-difference time-domain method in furtherance of obtaining ultimate transmission and reflection spectra by optimizing the FBG parameters like refractive index, grating height, grating width, wafer width, wafer length. The maximum transmission power spectrum is achieved as − 7 dB for the refractive index of 3.005, and the maximum
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Effect of turbulence and noise on ultraviolet and mid-infrared spectrum in optical wireless communications Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-03-12 Manas Ranjan Biswal; Sudhanshu Arya; Yeon Ho Chung
Ultraviolet and mid-infrared (MIR) constitute two extreme ends of the optical wireless communication band. Recently, there has been a rise in increased interest for research in these two spectral bands. For successful deployment of these technologies, the performance of these two spectrum bands needs to be thoroughly analyzed. We consider turbulence and noise effects over these spectral bands. Specifically
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Frequency-tunable logic gates in graphene nano-waveguides Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-03-12 Alireza Dolatabady; Nosrat Granpayeh; Mohammad Abedini
In this study, simple basic plasmonic logic gates of XOR, OR, and NOT based on graphene nano-ribbon resonators coupled to properly designed arrangements of nano-waveguides, as input and output logic ports, are demonstrated. The operation of the structures as frequency selective components is based on the propagation of edge modes in nano-waveguides and coupling to nano-ribbon resonators located in
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Optical GFDM: an improved alternative candidate for indoor visible light communication Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-02-18 Rizwana Ahmad; Anand Srivastava
This paper proposes generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) for indoor visible light communication (VLC). GFDM is a flexible multi-carrier scheme that allows engineering in both time and frequency domain, therefore, making GFDM suitable for various 5G applications. In the literature, different types of optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (O-OFDM) have been proposed for VLC
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Compact eight-channel wavelength demultiplexer using modified photonic crystal ring resonators for CWDM applications Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-02-11 Mohammad Reza Rakhshani
An eight-channel wavelength demultiplexer by cascading of ring resonators (RRs) in photonic crystal (PhC) structure is proposed in this paper. In designing of this demultiplexer, we used eight square-shaped PhC RRs with different refractive index (RI) of defect rods to generate a distinctive resonance wavelength. Each PhC RR has a specific resonance wavelength with tuning a variety of design parameters
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Lightpath routing and wavelength assignment for static demand in translucent optical networks Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-02-11 Pantha Kanti Nath; Tamarapalli Venkatesh
Translucent optical networks use sparsely located regenerator nodes to increase the optical reach, otherwise limited by the physical layer impairments. Routing in translucent networks often causes the lightpath to traverse a fiber more than once, requiring the use of multiple wavelengths on a fiber for the same lightpath. Most of the routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) algorithms for static demand
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Unidirectional helical edge states for all-dielectric topological photonic crystals Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2020-01-20 Yong-Feng Gao; Liu He; Zhen Jiang; Jia-Ping Sun; Quan-Long Ma
The study of one-way edge states of electromagnetic wave based on quantum Hall effect in photonic crystals (PCs) has recently made a great progress. In particular, the pseudo-spin states in topological PCs made of dielectric materials can be realized by breaking pseudo-time-reversal symmetry. We perform a research on the influence of parameters, such as lattice constant, dielectric permittivity of
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A 640-Gbps, 15.2344-b/s/Hz full-duplex optical fiber/wireless single-channel coherent communication system using IQM-based DP-256-QAM and DSP techniques Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2019-12-18 Dhiman Kakati; Subhash C. Arya
A full-duplex optical fiber/wireless single-channel coherent communication system is presented for high-speed data center interconnections. In-phase and quadrature modulator (IQM)-based dual polarization 256 quadrature amplitude modulation (DP-256-QAM) is implemented to achieve a maximum data rate of 640 Gbps with 40 Gbaud symbol rate for both the single-mode fiber (SMF) and free-space optics (FSO)
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Assessment of novel regenerator assignment strategies in dynamic translucent elastic optical networks Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2019-12-10 Emerson F. da Silva; Raul C. Almeida; Helder A. Pereira; Daniel A. R. Chaves
The problem of regenerator assignment (RA) in translucent optical networks consists in segmenting a lightpath into several transparent segments, each of which linked by 3 R regenerators. In this article, we present two heuristics and compare their effectiveness with an exhaustive method to solve the RA problem in translucent elastic optical networks under dynamic traffic. The exhaustive method is capable
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Implementing bitonic sorting on optical network-on-chip with bus topology Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2019-11-15 Jing Zhang; Weiwei Zhang; Junling Yuan; Hua Wang
Optical network-on-chip (ONoC) is a new designing of multi-processor system-on-chip. On the one hand, global bus is a simple and common logical topology for ONoC. On the other hand, the parallel formulation of bitonic sorting has lower time complexity than the sequential implementation of bitonic sorting. Thus, it is meaningful to study the parallel implementation for bitonic sorting on bus ONoC. Different
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Implementation of quantum repeater scheme based on non-identical quantum memories Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2019-11-14 Adnan N. Kadhim; Jawad A. Hasan; Wijdan M. Alkhalidy
Quantum key distribution aims to distribute a secret key among distant parties linked by an optical fiber or free space. Unfortunately, the main problem which limits the long distance direct transmission of qubits is the exponential decay of the signal. This limit can be overcome by introducing quantum repeaters (QRs) between the two distant points. Quantum repeaters suggest a technique for establishing
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0.55 Tb/s heterogeneous Nyquist-WDM superchannel using different polarization multiplexed subcarriers Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2019-11-12 Divya Sharma; Y. K. Prajapati; Rajeev Tripathi
This paper depicts the design of 0.55 Tb/s heterogeneous Flexi-rate Nyquist-wavelength division multiplexed (Nyquist-WDM) Superchannel. Here, for the first time, four subcarriers of different modulation formats are accommodated, namely polarization multiplexed-binary phase-shift keying, polarization multiplexed-quadrature phase-shift keying (PM-QPSK), polarization multiplexed-8-quadrature amplitude
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Ferromagnetic resonance isolator based on a photonic crystal structure with terahertz vortices Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2019-11-11 Gianni Portela; Victor Dmitriev; Daimam Zimmer
A new terahertz isolator based on the ferromagnetic resonance effect is suggested and analyzed. A two-dimensional photonic crystal consisting of a square lattice of gallium arsenide rods has been employed in the design of the device. Incident electromagnetic waves interact with one magnetized ferrite rod and two stubs inserted in the photonic crystal structure, generating a vortex-like field profile
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RSS: a relay-based schedule scheme for optical data center network Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2019-11-08 Shangqi Ma; Huaxi Gu; Hao Lan; Xiaoshan Yu; Kun Wang
The ever-increasing communication requirements have led to the introduction of optical circuit switch (OCS) to data center, which is capable of providing more flexible bandwidth allocation compared to the electrical packet switching. However, the challenge still arises due to non-negligible reconfiguration delay of commercially available MEMS-based optical circuit switching technology, even though
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All-optical OR/XOR logic gate using PhC-based T-shaped waveguide with high-contrast output to implement 3-bit binary to gray code converter Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2019-11-07 Enaul Haq Shaik; Nakkeeran Rangaswamy
In this article, a theoretical analysis on T-shaped waveguide is performed using coupled mode theory which admits its operation as power combiner, splitter and diverter. These applications of the waveguide can very well be utilized to project it as OR and XOR logic gates. In order to achieve this, the T-shaped waveguide is mapped onto the photonic crystal of square-type lattice and the validity is
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Design, optimization and comparative analysis of T-shape slot loaded microstrip patch antenna using PSO Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2019-10-29 Ramesh Kumar Verma; D. K. Srivastava
This paper illustrates optimization and comparative analysis for rectangular microstrip patch antenna loaded with ‘T’-shape slot utilizing manual (conventional) optimization and particle swarm optimization (PSO) with curve fitting. Initially, a conventional antenna has been designed by cutting ‘T’-shape slot in rectangular radiating patch and manually optimized by selecting some parameters of patch
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Design and implementation of circuit-switched network based on nanoscale quantum-dot cellular automata Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2019-10-04 Saeed Rasouli Heikalabad; Hamed Kamrani
Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) is a nanoscale technology to design digital circuits in nano-measure which acts based on electron’s interaction. The technology of collecting, processing and distributing information is growing rapidly, but the growth in demand for advanced methods in data processing has always been greater than the speed of growth of these technologies. Hence, computer networks
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Steerable reflector-assisted communication in obstructed line-of-sight FSO link with optimal mitigation of dust-induced signal fading Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2019-10-03 Rahul Bosu; Shanthi Prince
This paper introduces an effective technique for bridging free-space optical (FSO) communication between end-to-end nodes with obstructed direct line-of sight (LOS) by incorporating a steerable mirror-and-lens-assisted (MLA) reflector assembly. The consistency of the proposed MLA-assisted FSO system is then experimentally evaluated and contrasted against a plane mirror (PM) reflector over a test-bed
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Performance enhancement of high-capacity coherent DWDM free-space optical communication link using digital signal processing Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2019-10-03 Rajan Miglani; Jagjit Singh Malhotra
In this paper, 1.28 Tbps (32 × 40 Gbps) high-capacity DWDM-FSO link has been investigated for performance enhancement using coherent detection and digital signal processing (DSP). The DP-16QAM-modulated proposed DWDM-FSO link has been analyzed for both adverse weather and turbulent atmospheric conditions. It is observed that when link is subjected to strong turbulence along with adverse weather conditions
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Disaster management using free space optical communication system Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2019-09-12 Jeyarani Jeyaseelan; D. Sriram Kumar; B. E. Caroline
A novel method for disaster management using free space optical link is proposed in this paper. Free space optics recently gained great attention since it has advantages over RF communication such as high bandwidth, license free spectrum and highly secured transmission. Besides all these, FSO faces challenges during transmission due to atmospheric turbulence-induced fading. Diversity techniques are
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Multilayered optical OFDM for high spectral efficiency in visible light communication system Photonic Netw. Commun. (IF 1.75) Pub Date : 2019-09-09 Ayad Atiyah Abdulkafi; Saad Mshhain Hardan; Oguz Bayat; Osman Nuri Ucan
This paper presents two new schemes for improving the spectral efficiency of an optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing-based visible light communication (OFDM-VLC) system. The proposed schemes employed the generalized spatial modulation (GenSM) along with multi-input multi-output (MIMO) techniques as well as modified the coded modulation optical OFDM (CMO-OFDM) approach to attain more bandwidth
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