In this study, the problem of joint relay selection and power allocation (J-RS-PA) for NOMA-based multicast cognitive radio networks is considered. In particular, the aim is to simultaneously maximise the end-to-end SINR/SNR of the primary and secondary transmitter–receiver (TR) pairs, subject to quality-of-service (QoS) constraints. Communication between the primary and secondary TR pairs is performed

With the rapid development of the Internet of things (IoT), it has brought great convenience for people's life. However, the security and privacy of IoT still face a major challenge. To remedy these issues, in this study, the authors first introduce the three-tier architecture of IoT and analyse the corresponding security problems of each layer, then they discussed the compatibility between IoT and

We investigate the viability of downlink (DL) unicast transmission from a base station (BS) with massive number of antennas jointly to support machine-centric communication among the internet-of-things (IoT) devices and human-centric communication among the mobile terminals. Specifically, we derive a new expression for the DL sum spectral efficiency (SE) for the IoT devices with maximum ratio precoding

The unique features of generalised frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) such as low out-of-band emission, latency, and peak to average power ratio promotes it to be the foremost contender for the physical layer of next-generation communication. GFDM is considered as a generalised version of well-accepted orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing, which added an important feature named flexibility

With the increasing development of cloud computing and wireless technology, mobile cloud computing has been developed to alleviate the limitation of battery capacity and computing capability of the mobile device by offloading some computation-intensive tasks onto the cloud. However, the extra consumption for transmission from the mobile device to the remote cloud may lead to degradation of performance

A novel hybrid model with dual-slope path loss is proposed to analyse the coverage probability for a given cell, and its coverage probability formula is derived by using a newly dual-slope path loss expression. A change of base station (BS) density may affect coverage probability obviously, yielding a low bound to simulation result of actual BSs. When the ratio of two path loss factor values is in

Faster-than-Nyquist (FTN) signalling is regarded as a promising technology in satellite communications for the past few years, however, existing inter-symbol interference (ISI) elimination algorithms for FTN signalling cannot eliminate the linear distortion caused by the input-multiplexing and output-multiplexing filters, which are very common in satellite communications. On the strength of the fractionally-spaced

In this work, the authors propose a novel technique to extend the scope of cognitive radio (CR) networks to multiple source–destination pairs. To accomplish this, a simplified feasible path set is formed and then three types of criteria or methods are employed to reach a solution for the best path for each pair. This set is defined by non-intersecting paths which do not share any relay nodes. This

This study solves the transmit power minimisation problem subject to a target quality-of-service constraint of a full-duplex (FD) two-way decode-and-forward relaying system with asymmetric packet-rates, where the two-way relaying system can operate in two different styles, i.e. half-duplex sources with full-duplex relaying (HDS-FDR) and full-duplex sources with full-duplex relaying (FDS-FDR) styles

In this study, a fair user-scheduling method is considered for an underlay cognitive radio system, in which the secondary users (SUs) are sharing the licenced frequency spectrum of a single primary user (PU), where the PU and SUs utilise Alamouti orthogonal space-time block coding (OSTBC). The impacts of some important practical issues are investigated in the system. First, it is assumed that the

Fog computing is a decentralised model which can help cloud computing for providing high quality-of-service (QoS) for the Internet of Things (IoT) application services. Service placement problem (SPP) is the mapping of services among fog and cloud resources. It plays a vital role in response time and energy consumption in fog–cloud environments. However, providing an efficient solution to this problem

Initial ranging (IR) is a process of performing power adjustment, timing offset estimation, and synchronisation between the base station (BS) and all users. It plays a vital role in mobile WiMAX standard, which establishes a communication link between BS and ranging subscriber stations (RSSs). Since RSS is located far away from the BS and uplink signal is corrupted by noise, the IR process becomes

In this study, the application of information theory to describe radar measurement problems is investigated. In Shannon's information theory, mutual information is used to quantify the reduction in the a priori uncertainty of the transmitted message. Similarly, the authors define the spatial information in the phased-array radar as the mutual information between range, direction of arrival (DOA), scattering

Mobile data offloading enables the mobile network operator (MNO) to deal with the explosive growth of cellular data by leasing third-party access points (APs) to partially deliver the mobile traffic. This study proposes a novel incentive framework for the mobile data offloading market under QoE-aware users. Considering user satisfaction, the authors formulate the interaction among the MNO, APs, and

In a secure communication, a one-time session key is needed to be shared among all participants. Most well-known key distribution schemes, such as Diffie–Hellman public-key key distribution scheme invented in 1976 and quantum key distribution scheme invented in 1984 (also called the BB84 scheme), can only allow two users to share a key in conventional one-to-one communications. There are many research

This study investigates the performances of cooperative pattern division multiple access (PDMA) technology with a half-duplex amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying over Rayleigh fading channels. To characterise the performances of the AF-PDMA system, the closed-form expressions of the exact outage probabilities, system throughput and diversity order are derived, respectively. The particle swarm optimisation

In the traditional communication system, information of application (APP) layer, transport layer, and media access control (MAC) layer has not been fully interacted. To solve the problem, the authors propose a joint optimisation framework, which consists of the APP layer, transport layer, and MAC layer, to improve the video clients' playback experience and system throughput. First, a client requirement

The vital concern of this research work is to propose a new clustering algorithm based on IoT devices. This process is made up with four stages namely, Cluster Formation, Splitting and merging, CH selection and Data transformation. The first and foremost step is the cluster formation; in this k -mean clustering is exploited to cluster the network, where the count of needed clusters is optimally selected

In this study, a precoding scheme which is called singular value decomposition and null space (SVDNS) based scheme is proposed to enhance physical layer security of a multiple-input multiple-output multiantenna eavesdropper (MIMOME) system. Under the partial channel state information (CSI) of the eavesdropper, the precoding matrix for the information bearing signal is constructed firstly via SVDNS-based

Currently, every user outsources a huge amount of shared secrets remotely from different servers and utilises synchrony resources. To make all types of operations secure for the end-user, synchronous storage is vital and asynchronous storage might lead to the unavailability of successful services. Hence, a robust authentication scheme is mandatory for such purpose which not only confirms the synchrony

Cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) is a technique where multiple cognitive radio users cooperate among themselves to make binary decisions about the presence of a primary user. The single cognitive user often faces the hidden terminal problem. However, CSS tackles this problem by sending local sensing-based decisions to the fusion centre. A major drawback of conventional energy detection is the poor

The wireless local area network indoor localisation method based on fingerprints has been widely researched and applied due to its higher positioning accuracy and lower cost. However, its engineering is limited because of the large offline workload and time-varying signal. To address these problems, an indoor localisation algorithm based on Markov state iterative analysis (MSIA) and fingerprint clustering

In the 5G system, different units probably do cooperation to satisfy the communication requirements. However, when network configuration is limited, these units may be difficult to adopt the globally cooperative style. In this case, local cooperation is considered. This study focuses on local cooperation, and mainly aims at interference mitigation between different units and receiving performance improvement

A new estimator for sparse time dispersive channels in pilot aided orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems is developed by considering prior knowledge on channel time dispersions. The authors propose a weighted atomic norm minimisation (WANM) in order to incorporate the prior information into the estimator. The dual of the WANM is then converted to a tractable semidefinite programming

Besides promotion in the spectrum efficiency, orbital angular momentum (OAM) can bring additional benefits to physical layer security. In this study, the authors will highlight the benefit of covert transmissions to deal with the contradiction between transmission rate and security in the traditional direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) system. Based on OAM, a secure high-speed spread spectrum (SS)

Recently, polar codes were proposed by Arikan to achieve optimum channel capacity given by Shannon theorem with low encoding and decoding complexity. Polar code construction depends on two main foundation criteria which are kernel matrix and Bhattacharyya parameter. They are related to each other, therefore the selection method for both affects the performance of polar code. Firstly, in this study

Time-varying connectivity is one of main challenges faced by controlling a team of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the multipath fading channel, incurring low accuracy and significant convergence time of formation control law. To address this issue, in this study, a topology optimised based decentralised consensus is developed for controlling a multi-UAV system in a multipath fading channel, in

This study investigates information and secrecy capacity over broadcast channels through the use of directional modulation. The authors develop and demonstrate the utility of an antenna array control technique that provides communication devices with enhanced information and secrecy capacity by time-varying the array steering vectors using a novel beam control method. They show that an increase in

This study analyses in-phase and quadrature-phase imbalance (IQI) in large-scale multiple antenna systems and Rayleigh fading channel. Specifically, the authors compare between different approaches (using pilot-based or blind channel estimation processes) to remove the IQI effect at a base station equipped with massive number of antennas. They obtain closed-form expression for the asymptotic achievable

Video streaming has become increasingly popular in the Internet. Frequently, video transmissions are based on peer-to-peer networks, in which peers running on end-user hosts transmit data among themselves. An important security vulnerability of this strategy is that content can be easily altered by malicious users. Thus, it becomes essential to diagnose and fight content pollution in these systems

Peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) is the main parameter affecting the implementation cost of wireless transmitters utilising carrier aggregation in the end-users' channels. In each frequency band, single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) is exploited as the interface from the transmitter to the receiver, and carrier aggregation is implemented by SC-FDMA on each band. Hence, the

This study investigates the uplink performance of offset quadrature amplitude modulation (OQAM)-based orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform in single-cell multi-user massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems over Ricean fading. An uplink training-based minimum mean square error (MMSE) channel estimation by exploiting the inherent characteristics of OFDM/OQAM waveform

With the emergence of a large number of multi-core systems, many 3D routing schemes have been developed for network-on-chips (NoCs) in order to obtain low overhead and high-performance. Nevertheless, it is difficult to possess these characteristics for contemporary 3D routing algorithms. This study presents a new routing algorithm for 3D stacked NoCs based on the repetitive turn concept. The authors

The r th relative generalised Hamming weight (RGHW) of an linear code C and an subcode , a generalisation of generalised Hamming weight (GHW), characterises code performances of wiretap channel of type II, secure network coding, linear ramp secret sharing scheme, trellis complexity etc. In this study, the authors investigate non-asymptotic and asymptotic bounds on RGHW. In the non-asymptotic setting

From practical and theoretical viewpoints, performance analysis of communications with correlated fading channels is important. In this study, the authors exploit a novel approach based on Copula function concept to investigate the impact of correlation of Rayleigh fading channels on communication performances. One of the most convenient ways to describe the dependence between several variables is

In this study, the sum throughput maximisation problem for cognitive radio networks (CRNs) based on the multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiple access (MIMO-OFDMA) structure has been investigated. Hence, the intention is to maximise the downlink sum throughput of the CRN in a way that the sum power of the cognitive base station (CBS) remains below the given power limit

In this study, the authors propose a new time-of-arrival (ToA) algorithm for positioning in the physical layer of narrowband Internet-of-Things (NB-IoT) technology. This algorithm estimates the ToA of transmitted narrowband positioning reference signals (NPRSs) by detecting the first valid tap of estimated power delay profile (PDP). They estimate the PDP as well as the noise power in the time domain

This study addresses the problems of energy and delay in wireless sensor networks equipped with mobile sinks. The authors jointly consider the compressive sensing (CS) theory, cluster-based routing, and sink mobility to propose a data collection method named ‘weighted data aggregation trees with optimal mobile sink(s) (WDAT-OMS)’. The proposed scheme relies on a two-level architecture in which sensors

In this study, the authors present an analytical approach to evaluate the performance of a two-way multi-relay system with direct link using a three-phase analogue network coding and opportunistic relay selection scheme. Herein, the imperfect channel state information is considered over independent and non-identically distributed Nakagami- m fading channels with integer-valued fading parameter. For

Cooperative caching among nodes is a hot topic in Content Centric Networking (CCN). However, the cooperative caching mechanisms are performed in an arbitrary graph topology, leading to the complex cooperative operation. For this reason, hierarchical CCN has received widespread attention, which provides simple cooperative operation due to the explicit affiliation between nodes. In this study, the authors

This study evaluates the performance of a secure ground-to-satellite free-space optical (FSO) system using a bipolar pulse amplitude modulation over modulated gamma fading channel. A closed-form expression is derived for the joint probability of a satellite-based continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) protocol that uses dual-threshold detection. Furthermore, to study the system behaviour

This paper presents a detailed study of multiple access ultrawideband communications based on M-ary frequency-shift keying modulation of impulse-like carrier waveforms. The proposed signal model is described using expressions of duty cycle, energy, and correlation coefficient analytically derived and analyzed in terms of signal parameters. The frequency sets for coherent as well as non coherent detection

In this study, the authors present new four-dimensional signal constellations constructed based on combinations of binary frequency shift keying and M -ary phase-shift keying. Such a system contains two sub-constellations and phase shift keying modulation is carried out based on two different frequencies. They obtained an analytical expression for calculating of squared Euclidean distance for different

This study concentrates on the study of a downlink cooperative cellular (DCC) network in which an access point is located in the centre of each cell and two relay stations are installed in the border between both sectors of a cell to obtain higher cell-edge throughput. To optimise the network efficiency, a joint optimal subcarrier and power allocation scheme is proposed which initially derives the

In recent years, considerable studies have been devoted to physical-layer network coding (PLNC) in a two-way relay channel (TWRC) network with the symmetric channel. However, it may not be appropriate for the asymmetric channel in which the source-to-relay channels are not equally strong and the two sources may utilise different modulation. In this study, the authors studied the heterogeneous PLNC

In this study, the authors have proposed a low complexity companding function for peak-to-average-power ratio (PAPR) reduction in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems. This function transforms the signals into a probability density function with a cumulative distribution function an anti-trigonometric function. By carefully choosing the transform parameters, the bit error rate (BER) performance

Over the last 5–7 years, with the proliferation of mobile computing devices, there has been a tremendous increase in data usage by mobile subscribers. This has quite often resulted in network congestion, forcing the operators to either increase the available bandwidth or reduce the data-rate per subscriber. To overcome this problem, network operators have been deploying different radio access networks

In this study, the authors present an energy-efficient technique for the fog-networks, where a node can communicate to other users using limited network infrastructure support. The authors' contribution is central to node mobility and lower energy consumption rates. They propose an energy-efficient cellular communication model for fog-networks. To establish the connection between the source and the

Both multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) are key technologies for the fifth-generation mobile communication systems. However, interference is one of the critical challenges in MIMO–OFDM systems that degrades the overall performance. In this study, a novel interference alignment (IA) design-based diagonal-block channel charter to mitigate the interference

High power consumption of cloud data centres is a crucial challenge in modern cloud computing. To comply with the conceptions of green computing, power consumption prediction of the computing cluster has a major role to play in these energy conservation efforts. However, due to complexity and heterogeneity in cloud computing scenarios, it is difficult to accurately predict the power consumption using

The multi-input multi-output (MIMO) transmission against a smart attacker has recently been formulated as a non-collaborative game, in which the reinforcement learning-based transmitter is devised to suppress the attack motivation of the malicious attacker for more secure transmission. Basically, large enough transmission power is needed to obtain the Nash equilibrium in favour of the MIMO transmitter

Nowadays, advanced smart mobile devices equipped with multi-core central processing units for handling multithreaded (MT) applications. However, existing research mainly uses single-thread (ST) computing to deal with applications, which limits the performance of mobile computing. To make full use of multi-core resources, this study proposes a fine-grained MT offloading strategy to solve the offloading

Aiming at the problem that single-network hopping signals have not fully utilised its frequency domain sparse characteristic in the parameter estimation, this study proposes a parameter estimation of frequency hopping (FH) signal based on multi-measurement vector sparse Bayesian learning (MSBL) in modulation wideband converter (MWC). Since the FH signal is sparse in the frequency domain, the authors

In this study, the authors adopt the non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technique to improve the spectrum efficiency in the wireless backhaul networks, whereby the downlink and uplink NOMA techniques are applied for the backhaul and access links, respectively. Due to the coupling between the backhaul and access transmission stages, the transmission power should be carefully allocated in both stages

Wireless sensor network enhances the classic features of wireless communication with cognitive capabilities for efficient spectrum usage. This work focuses on the dynamic correlation between the secondary users (SUs) based on their statistical behaviour while performing the cooperative communication in cognitive radio sensor network. The proposed approach addresses the problem of uneven and repetitive

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has been considered a key technology to address the increasing traffic demands for fifth-generation (5G) cellular wireless communication networks and internet of things. The NOMA technique offers efficient bandwidth utilisation, low latency, and support for the massive connectivity of devices in 5G networks. In the conventional NOMA system, orthogonal frequency

Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the most cited terms within the communication research communities. Next generation wireless networks technologies are expected to have massive-connections of tens of billions of devices. Such a huge number of devices raised a number of concerns in regards to how much accessible resources are available and what are the best technologies for managing those resources

With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, various indoor location-based services (ILBSs) have gradually penetrated into daily life. Although many other methods have been proposed to be applied to ILBS in the past decade, WiFi-based positioning techniques with a wide range of infrastructure have attracted attention in the field of wireless transmission. In this survey, the authors

The issue of sparsity adaptive channel reconstruction in time-varying cooperative communication networks through the amplify-and-forward transmission scheme is studied. A new sparsity adaptive system identification method is proposed, namely reweighted norm ( ) penalised least mean square (LMS) algorithm. The main idea of the algorithm is to add a norm penalty of sparsity into the cost function of

The construction of mobile ad-hoc networks on the battlefield is mainly planned by staff or automatically planned with the help of network topology planning models in the network planning software. Most of these algorithms are actually more or less based on human knowledge or thinking ways to model network entities, environments, and rules, and the accuracy and rationality of models are not strong