Big-data acquisition and processing is important in developing value driven machine learning applications. This is challenging in compute resource-constrained scenarios. Compute resource-constrained scenarios arise due to low capacity of installed cloud infrastructure and low availability of high speed internet links. These factors limit the ability to process crowd-sourced data to develop machine

The extremely high frequency of Millimeter-Wave technology warrants Gbps throughput for the next-generation wireless communication systems, but mmWave signals also suffer from severe path loss due to high attenuation. To compensate for this loss, mmWave radios establish communication links via directional beams so as to increase channel gains and communication range. Until recently, the measurement

Recent technologies have made the life of people more comfortable and more straightforward than it was before. With the development of information technology, the Internet of Things (IoT) as an emerging technology has been entered into a lane of development. With the advent of IoT, data sharing, and connections among systems, devices, and people have been facilitated, and daily devices have been equipped

Deep learning (DL) has been recognized as an instrumental tool for the design of future communication systems. Since it is still not clear whether a fully data-driven end-to-end communication learning approach would eventually outperform the traditional ones in terms of performance and complexity, it is argued that the optimal design needs to be tackled by taking the benefits of both model-based and

Radio over free space optics (Ro-FSO) systems have previously relied on the signal intensity, wavelength and polarization for multiplexing data streams in order to increase to the signal quality and achievable link range. This work leverages on optical space division multiplexing by using novel three-core photonic crystal fiber (PCF) mode group multiplexers and hexagonal mid-gapped tiered PCF mode

TCP latency is critical to the performance of Web services. However, packet loss greatly impairs the TCP performance due to its poor loss recovery mechanisms. Recent work FUSO addressed this problem by leveraging multi-path diversity for proactive loss recovery, i.e., using “good” paths to proactively retransmit the potentially lost packet on “bad” paths before they are retransmitted after duplicate

With the advancement of communication and sensor technologies, it has become possible to develop low-cost circuitry to sense and transmit the state of surroundings. Wireless networks of such circuitry, namely wireless sensor networks (WSNs), can be used in a multitude of applications like healthcare, intelligent sectors, environmental sensing, and military defense. The crucial problem of WSN is the

The principles of physics and system sciences are increasingly used in the field of network engineering to design network protocols. This work proposes an energy and congestion aware routing (ECAR) algorithm inheriting the concepts of the potential field. It uses depth and time-variant network parameters to forward the data packets through low congestion and an energy-balanced path. We define a novel

Generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) is a flexible non-orthogonal waveform candidate for 5G which can offer some advantages such as low out-of-band emission and high spectral efficiency. This paper investigates the effects of nonlinear behavior of practical power amplifier (PA) on the GFDM spectrum. A closed form expression for power spectral density (PSD) of GFDM signal is extracted

Key distribution is one of the most fundamental cryptographic primitives that can establish secure group communications in both centralized and distributed networks. A one-time session key is needed to be shared among all users to protect the exchanged messages. In traditional one-to-one communication, a one-time key is shared between two users. But in modern many-to-many communication, a group key

Blockchain is an advanced technique to realize smart contracts, various transactions, and P2P crypto-currencies in the e-commerce society. However, the traditional blockchain does not consider a mobile environment to design a data offloading of the blockchain such that the blockchain results in high computational cost and huge data propagation delay. In this paper, to remedy the above problem, we propose

Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing with random multiple access (OFDRMA) is discussed for down-link communications, whereby a single base-station transmits information towards several active users. Current methods for down-link communication partition the frequency resources among the active users in an orthogonal fashion, i.e. a central unit (typically the base-station itself) dynamically allocates

Localization of sensor nodes is one of the major challenge in wireless sensor networks. It helps in identifying the geographically area where an event occurred. Most of the cases it is one time process wherein nodes are localized once in network life time. However, in real time scenario nodes may get dislocated within the network due to land slide or any event occurrence. In such events, localization

The Internet of Things (IoTs) enables coupling of digital and physical objects using worthy communication technologies and introduces a future vision where computing systems, users and objects cooperate for convenience and economic benefits. Such a vision requires seamless security, data privacy, authentication and robustness against attacks. These attributes can be introduced by blockchain, a distributed

Wireless sensor networks consist of a large number of sensor nodes with limited energy, which is widely used in various Internet of things scenarios in recent years. Regarding the vast use of smart objects and applications, one of the big challenges is to collect and analyse the data. Sensor energy limitations and data redundancy are the primary challenges in these networks and reduce network lifetime

This article presents the design, analyses and implementation of the novel routing protocol for energy optimization based on LEACH for WSN. Network Lifetime is the major problem in various routing protocols used in WSN. In order to overcome that problem, our proposed routing protocol is developed, which is a combination of Micro Genetic algorithm with LEACH protocol. Our proposed µGA-LEACH protocol

Pervasive connectivity is an essential underlying substrate for smart cities, leading municipalities to start programs where Wi-Fi is the fundamental building block to develop public Municipal Wireless Networks. Even though hundreds of cities around the world offer some form of Wi-Fi access, there are no widely available results regarding the network Quality of Service (QoS), user Quality of Experience

In this paper, we consider an energy harvesting device-to-device (D2D) communication system, where D2D transmitter can use mode A to directly communicate with D2D receiver or use mode B as a relay to assist cellular communication while communicating with D2D receiver by adopting non-orthogonal multiple access technology. Firstly, the outage probability expression in two modes is derived, and the communication

This paper investigates a non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technique by employing device-to-device (D2D) transmission in small-cell networks. More specifically, the D2D transmission combines the relay selection model from a group of macro base stations (MBS) with the D2D mode in in small-cell network to form a D2D-NOMA system. Such D2D transmission needs assistance from multiple MBS and the small-cell

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have conquered comprehensive survey progressions in the regular control and management fields. Although WSN allows the spatial monitoring of real-world events, the mobility action depletes a huge part of a sensor’s energy cost in wireless communication. WSN sensors are often prone to various faults as frequent crashes and temporary or permanent failures. This is because

An optimum consultation scheme for parallel distributed detection system is proposed. Two-way communication links are assumed between a set of local sensors and the fusion center. The observations of each sensor are assumed to be statistically independent of all other sensors observations. We also show that the proposed consulting scheme can be optimized such that its performance is identical to that

Unlike regular wireless networks like Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANET) can be exploited instinctively devoid of necessitating any centralized administration or available network infrastructure. In such networks, the mobile nodes perform as relays to assist multi-hop communications and, in most cases, they are accountable for the entire networking functions. MANET is a very challenging task owing to the

The main objective of Internet of Things (IoT) is to connect almost all the devices anywhere and everywhere in the world. IoT network is heterogeneous in nature, hence routing the data packets in this network is a big challenge. Routing Protocol for Low Power Lossy Network (RPL), has been designed by Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) for such type of network. The existing design of RPL Objective

Achieving high quality, high variety batch size production can be quite expensive. In this vision paper, the methodology of achieving this at low costs and the available technologies in the field of e-mobility production are described. The focus of this research lies in high adaptive and cognitive aspects in the assembly along with qualitative aspects. To match the high flexibility of a flexible manufacturing

Ad hoc wireless networks have aroused much interest of the scientific community in the last two decades. The provision of Quality of Service (QoS) is a prominent challenge in this research field, since these networks are prone to suffer from instabilities related to wireless medium and mobility. Depending on application, the protocol needs to consider two or more QoS criteria when solving the routing

Low power, low data rate, low complexity wireless networks are among the most preferred ones in the data communication between wireless sensors, IoT devices, and control applications. IEEE 802.15.4 is a well-known standard for low rate wireless personal area networks which specifies only physical layer and media access control layer. However, IEEE 802.15.4 suffers from several limitations that play

In the internet of things (IoT) based wireless sensor network (WSN), the nodes are scattered to segregate the rapt data in the relevant field of application. In general, sensor nodes of IoT possess heterogeneous property and display cluster-based routing to transmit the data as it is considered as an efficient routing method. When one or more cluster heads (CHs) fail, the sensed data of sensor nodes

In this paper, an upper bound on the symbol error probability (SEP) of the M-ary \(\theta \)-quadrature amplitude modulation scheme, in a channel subject to additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and \(\eta -\mu \) fading, is calculated by means of the union bound. In addition, an exact and closed-form expression for the pairwise error probability (PEP) of the system is derived. The PEP expression obtained

Providing effective sensing coverage of an observation area with reduced set of working nodes for maximum duration of time is an important concern for the development of durable and energy efficient WSN applications. A well-organized network structure can greatly promote such requirements. Motivated by the use of computational geometry in network design, we propose a coverage-aware and efficient planar

It is expected that many small battery-operated devices will connect to next generation of cellular networks. In this work, a two-way wireless link is considered, where due to slow variations of the channel, forward link (FL) and reverse link channels are reciprocal, and the remote device’s battery is charged via wireless energy harvesting. We analyze the performance of a two-way link setup, with very

E-healthcare system based on wireless body area network (WBAN) promises to produce potential benefits in health-care industry. A major issue of such an on-body networked system is the energy efficiency, that is, how to improve the reliability and effectiveness of physiological data transmission with the energy constraints of tiny wireless sensors. Motivated by this, we consider an individual WBAN scenario

In this paper, the design analysis and construction of the Optical Wireless Communication (OWC) system are presented based on a new spreading code sequence. This new code is called Double Length Modified Prime Code (DL-MPC), which is designed to enhance the system security and achieves better Bit Error Rate (BER) performance. Additionally, the Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) coherent homodyne Optical

Cognitive radio (CR) is a promising technology that allows devices to effectively utilize the underutilized or unutilized portions of the licensed spectrum. In literature, several channel assignment and spectrum sharing algorithms for CR Networks (CRNs) have been developed to improve spectrum efficiency without considering the problem of Adjacent Channel Interference (ACI). Guard-Band (GB)-aware mechanisms

The area of computer science and electronics have merged into one of the most notable technologies called the internet of things (IoT). A wide range of applications offered by IoT, including smart agricultural, smart transportation, smart home, and healthcare. In recent times, the market for IoT in healthcare service has increased exponentially. At the same time, security issues in the system also

IoT data exchange services are emerging to connect various and distributed IoT data sources, which facilitate data owners exchange their IoT data flexibly. Traditional IoT data exchange services rely on a centralized third-party to negotiate the settlement of trades between data consumers and providers. Such settlement model suffers from issues including single point of failure, extra settlement fee

A network flow is required to be processed by multiple network functions such as PGW and SGW in mobile networks as a service function chain (SFC). Compared to hardware-based network functions, virtualized network functions are more flexible for deployment. Software defined network (SDN) provides a centralized network architecture to manage network resources and route the network flow among network

The fundamental challenge for randomly deployed resource-constrained wireless sensor network is to enhance the network lifetime without compromising its performance metrics such as coverage rate and network connectivity. One way is to schedule the activities of sensor nodes and form scheduling rounds autonomously in such a way that each spatial point is covered by at least one sensor node and there

Edge caching has received much attention as a promising technique to overcome the stringent latency and data-hungry challenges in the future generation wireless networks. Meanwhile, full-duplex (FD) transmission can potentially double the spectral efficiency by allowing a node to receive and transmit at the same frequency band simultaneously. In this paper, we investigate the delivery time performance

The aim of the paper is to present a case study and to point out the possibilities of using computer simulation for the purpose of increasing the efficiency and efficiency of custom production of a company. The use of simulation modeling as a scientific method in research and in practice brings benefits such as financial, time, material and energy savings, as well as streamlining activities in real

In the majority of IEEE 802.11 series wireless networks, the quality of service (QoS) requirements are related to the queueing behavior of buffers in mobile stations, e.g., the buffer stability, overflow probability and packet delay, etc. Thus, it is important to accurately evaluate the performance of such networks in non-saturation environments. In this paper, we analyze the IEEE 802.11e enhanced

Distributed satellite cluster network is a novel structure in spatial information network. This paper investigates the spectrum-power tradeoff algorithm for distributed satellite cluster (DSC), which enables the master satellite (MS) to offload data traffic to the slave satellite (SS). The SS provides power resource to the master satellite users (MSUs) with bandwidth as compensation. The purpose of

In outsourced classification services, classifier owners outsource their classifiers to remote servers due to resource constraints, and users can request classification services from this server. What attracts us is that the users’ query data, classification results, and classifier privacy are all well protected during classification. However, we introduce a threat model that makes it easy for adversaries

In Wireless Local Area Networks, channel bonding allows several basic channels to constitute a wide channel. The wide channel can increase potential throughput in a single Basic Service Set (BSS). However, channel contention among BSSs is more serious because the number of non-overlapping channels decreases. Therefore, the appropriate channel bandwidth should be chosen to improve the throughput of

In this proposed research article, four-port dual notched bands multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna configuration is proposed and is experimentally investigated by fabricating prototype. Initially, a single element is fabricated which is converted to 2 × 2 MIMO configuration and finally to 4 × 4 MIMO configuration. The proposed MIMO antenna is designed to cover impedance bandwidth of 3.15–11

Aggregation of resources in space, spectrum, and so on, is the fundamental idea behind many technology building blocks of 5G networks, such as massive multi-input multi-output and carrier aggregation, among others. In this respect, another important dimension for parallelism is the aggregation of diverse radio access technologies (RATs), such as WiFi, LTE, and 5G, in heterogeneous networks (HetRAT

Since 1999 IEEE 802.11 has become a dominating wireless technology for providing WLAN in both public and private places. The protocol has evolved with time and the current version of protocol allows the maximum data rate up to 6.76 Gbps. Providing high data rate makes it capable of supporting applications demanding high bandwidth and less delay. The protocol is built on carrier sense multiple access

One of the main issues experienced in wireless body sensor networks (WBSNs) is the destructive impacts of “mutual interference” caused by neighboring WBSNs on each other’s performance. Research communities have proposed several approaches to mitigate the impacts of mutual interference on the reliability of data transmission and sensor’s energy consumption. However, the proposed approaches came with

One of the biggest challenges in political mayhem is visible during the election process where no stone is kept unturned in order to gain the power. Further, due to poll violence and waiting in the long queues to cast their votes, numbers of common citizens avoid the voting process completely in order to evade the chaos. In order to reduce these issues or to increase the voting rate, number of smart

In this manuscript, a compact superwideband monopole antenna with triple notched band characteristics is presented and is experimentally investigated. Proposed antenna is also suitable for lower band of applications including Bluetooth and LTE2600 bands. Superwideband bandwidth with bandwidth ratio ≥ 10:1 is obtained by using two identical ellipse which are placed at 70° with reference to major axis

Location information of a sensor node is the primary concern to process the sensed data in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). The location of the sensor node is used in other domains of sensor network like message routing, node tracking, load balancing. For statically deployed sensor nodes, mobile anchor based localization is an efficient solution. The main challenge in mobile anchor based localization

Internet of Things (IoT) employs a large number of sensors and actuators to collect and act upon data for its smart functionalities. These devices are considered as a part of the Low-power and Lossy Networks due to their use of low power embedded hardware and computationally constrained nature. For synchronization and utility, these devices are often clubbed together logically to form groups. To maintain

In wireless sensor networks, a significant amount of energy is consumed by the sensor nodes during data packet transmission and reception. An IEEE 802.15.4 MAC protocol is not able to completely satisfy all the requirements of wireless body sensor networks (BSNs) in a healthcare environment. Hence there is a demand for the design of a new scalable and energy saving MAC protocols. In this paper the

To reduce the pilot overhead, compressive sensing techniques have been widely adopted for sparse channel estimation. In this paper, we explore the spatial common sparsity across different channels and investigate the deterministic pilot design with superimposed pattern for the downlink channel estimation in multi-input single-output systems. Previous works generally allocate pilots randomly when using

In Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks, a link failure may occur due to non-optimal channel conditions, congestion or node mobility which causes data loss. Common proposed approaches try to overcome this problem by anticipating link disruptions with MAC layer indicators. Such methods, particularly in urban environments (i.e. highly dynamic) are ineffective. Our aim is to setup an indicator that detects at the

Optimal performance and improved lifetime are the most desirable design benchmarks for WSNs and the mechanism for data gathering is a major constituent influencing these standards. Several researchers have provided significant evidence on the advantage of mobile sink (MS) in performing effective gathering of relevant data. However, determining the trajectory for MS is an NP-hard-problem. Especially

Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol plays an important role in full-duplex wireless networks. Theoretically, full-duplex communications have this ability to increase the capacity of traditional half-duplex wireless systems by up to twice. However, designing and implementing an efficient MAC protocol is a central issue in this way. Increasing throughput, collision avoidance, and fairness are common

Energy conservation is the main issue in wireless sensor networks. Many existing clustering protocols have been proposed to balance the energy consumption and maximize the battery lifetime of sensor nodes. However, these protocols suffer from the excessive overhead due to repetitive clustering resulting in high-energy consumption. In this paper, we propose energy-aware cluster-based routing protocol

Wireless sensor networks include a large number of sensor nodes which are developed in an environment. These networks have military, commercial, industrial, and medical applications. Providing these networks with security is of absolute importance. One strategy for maintaining the security of these networks is key management. In the presented paper, we propose a smart dynamic key management system

In this paper, we propose a data aggregation back pressure routing (DABPR) scheme, which aims to simultaneously aggregate overlapping routes for efficient data transmission and prolong the lifetime of the network. The DABPR routing algorithm is structured into five phases in which event data is sent from the event areas to the sink nodes. These include cluster-head selection, maximization of event