Presents the table of contents for this issue of the publication.

Presents a listing of the editorial board, board of governors, current staff, committee members, and/or society editors for this issue of the publication.

A leapfrog weakly conditionally stable finite-difference time-domain method is extended to simulate general dispersive media modeled through a partial fraction model via a vector fitting tool and auxiliary difference equation. The computational accuracy and efficiency of this algorithm are demonstrated by numerical examples of metal and graphene.

The radial basis function-generated-finite-difference (RBF-FD) method is applied to the analysis of homogenous waveguides. To this end, the Helmholtz equation and the boundary conditions are collocated on the waveguide cross section. At each collocation node, derivatives are locally approximated by the RBF-FD formulas based on the polyharmonic splines supplemented with high-degree polynomials. As a

This letter presents wideband differential-mode (DM) bandpass filters (BPFs) designed on a microstrip line for ultrawideband (UWB) applications. The proposed design is based on an optimized branch-line structure with extended transmission lines (TLs). An enhanced performance can be obtained using a very simple design approach. The introduced TLs can be used for improving the DM stopband response by

This letter proposes a novel trisection filter by stacking three substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) cavities vertically. The trisection topology can be divided into two cascaded second-order topologies in the vertical direction, which can make the filter structure more compact. Moreover, two transmission zeros can be controlled independently by changing the signs of coupling coefficients between

In this letter, a novel folded ridge substrate-integrated waveguide (FRSIW) is proposed by folding a classic ridge substrate-integrated waveguide (RSIW). The FRSIW demonstrates a size nearly half of its RSIW counterpart while keeping the main propagation properties of the RSIW. A prototype of the wideband FRSIW filter with compact size has been designed and tested. The measurements show that the proposed

The design of a hybrid frequency selective surface (FSS) is presented based on the substrate integrated waveguide cavity (SIWC) technology. The intended design combines two FSS slots (multiapertures) based on the SIWC by sharing the adjacent vias of the unit cell to exhibit unique features in terms of their cavity designs and performance. The design consists of a circular slot with a circular cavity

We propose a new technique in this letter to design a $4 \times 8$ Butler matrix (BM) using a four-port network and variable phase shifters. This method helps the proposed BM to produce arbitrary output amplitudes for beam steering applications. It also contributes to reducing the size of its configuration. In addition to the two mentioned advantages, we can develop a $4\times 4$ BM, which generates

We present the design and analysis of coupled-line-based Ka -band CMOS power dividers. A single spiral structure with a symmetrical layout is adopted to achieve a miniature area and small amplitude imbalance (AI) and phase difference (PD) performance. The first divider (divider-1) achieves ${S} _{21}$ and ${S} _{31}$ of −4.029 and −4.008 dB, respectively, at 33 GHz. The corresponding AI and PD are

The empty substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) (ESIW) is an evolution of the SIW. Just as the SIW, the ESIW is of low cost and low profile, and can be integrated into a printed circuit board, but the losses in the ESIW are lower than in those in the SIW thanks to the removal of the dielectric material, which results in ESIW devices with performances close to those implemented with standard rectangular

The packaging technology for transitions to dielectric waveguides in the frequency range above 100 GHz is complex and must be highly precise, and the waveguides are usually permanently connected. This letter presents a transition from a monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) to a flexible dielectric waveguide at $G$ -Band (140–220 GHz), which is self-aligning and, thus, reduces the requirements

With the advent of next-generation Wi-Fi technology, the demand for shrinking Wi-Fi front end module (FEM) product size is voracious. In this letter, a novel package technique called hot-via chip-scale package (HVCSP) is proposed. HVCSP has benefits such as ultrasmall package size, low cost, bump-free, substrate-free, and outstanding RF performance. In this letter, a 5-GHz Wi-Fi FEM using GaAs-based

This letter studies the photocharge-modulated passive intermodulation (PIM) effect on the Ag 2 O/Ag contact junction. It is demonstrated that the photocharge with the parasitic parameters on the contact junction can modulate the electron transport process and make the PIM components changed with photoillumination. The linear RC constant can change the nonlinear current strength, under the periodical

This letter presents the design of an overmoded $X$ -band RF window for use in high-power microwave tubes, such as klystron, magnetron, and linear accelerator (LINAC). The cylindrical section of the window containing dielectric barrier operates in the TE 022 mode. Conversion from TE 10 mode to TE 022 mode is achieved using four rectangular slots made on the narrow walls of the rectangular waveguide

This letter proposes an improved dc-single tone approximation model to calculate the RF-dc conversion efficiency, voltage sensitivity, and input impedance of rectification circuits comprising $n$ diodes. The proposed model is based on the energy balance in the rectification circuit and is validated for general cases when the power losses of higher tones are lower than the dc losses. This condition

In this letter, a CMOS tunable channel-selection low-noise amplifier (LNA) employing a high- ${Q}$ RF band-pass (BP)/band-rejection (BR) filter is proposed for highly integrated RF front-ends in cellular applications. The proposed LNA implements a high- ${Q}$ RF BP/BR filter characteristic based on a four-path filter theory from a baseband polyphase filter and a low-pass filter. It also provides a

A compact in-phase/quadrature (I/Q) upconversion chain with high linearity is presented for an integrated transceiver for 5G mobile communications. The upconverter includes 10–11.5-GHz upconversion chains, a quadrature signal generator (QSG) consisting of the two coupled current-mode logic latches, and inverting amplifiers to provide the rail-to-rail local oscillator (LO) swing with a 25% duty cycle

A voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) with VCO-gain ( $K_{\mathrm {VCO}}$ ) variation compensation is proposed to reduce $K_{\mathrm {VCO}}$ variation in a current-mode logic (CML) ring oscillator by introducing a cross-coupled pair with capacitive degeneration that mitigates the nonlinearity of $K_{\mathrm {VCO}}$ . Designed and fabricated in a standard 0.18- $\mu \text{m}$ CMOS process, the proposed

A 28-GHz passive frequency tripler for 5G New Radio (NR) is demonstrated in 45-nm SOI CMOS. A symmetric antiparallel pair of series varactor (SAPSV) topology is proposed to reduce the conversion loss (CL) and increase the output power by realizing symmetric $C$ – $V$ curves with only n-type varactors and simplified dc biasing. Compact on-chip LC networks provide 13.6− and 20.1-dBc rejection for fundamental

A high-efficiency 35-GHz rectifier is proposed in this letter. By employing a shielded microstrip line instead of the commonly used open microstrip line, the rectifier reduces its radiation loss and is fed by a rectangular waveguide rather than a microstrip line to lower the insertion loss. It is designed by an HFSS-ADS cosimulation technology, and consists of a Schottky diode MA4E1317, a waveguide-to-microstrip

Propagation constant versus frequency curves are obtained after processing S-parameters measured to several lines differing only in length. The proposed method can be easily implemented once the thru-reflect-line (TRL) eigenvalues are calculated considering different combination of line pairs. The noticeable simplicity of the approach when compared to the original multiline algorithm makes it an attractive

A novel approach to measuring the ground speed of autonomous vehicles using interferometric radar is presented. Using a microwave radar with interferometric processing and a feedforward neural network with local regression, high-accuracy velocity estimation is achieved with a downward-facing radar that, unlike forward-looking Doppler radars, can be protected from road debris and is, furthermore, unaffected

This letter presents a bolometric power sensor for transfer power standards in a waveguide. This is a novel design of the microwave power sensor with an integrated filter function. An analytical power sensor synthesis technique using the coupling matrix is presented here for the first time. An ${X}$ -band power sensor with the integrated third-order Chebyshev filter function was designed and manufactured

An active magnetic field probe is proposed in this letter for use in near-field measurement in ICs. The probe is fabricated in a four-layer printed circuit board (PCB), and an amplification circuit is integrated on the top layer of the probe. Compared with commercial probe, the proposed probe has high sensitivity and miniature size and can be used to detect weak signals in narrow and complex spaces

In the mentioned article, Peng et al. proposed a three-port power divider (PD) and four-port coupler with tunable power division ratio based on: 1) cascade connection of 3-dB in-phased PD, matched tunable difference phase transmission lines (TLs), and 3-dB quadrature branch line coupler (QBLC) and 2) cascade connection of QBLC, mismatched in-phased TLs, and QBLC. However, the proposed four-port coupler

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This letter presents the nonlinear analysis of a microwave p-i-n diode limiter using a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) field-circuit simulator based on physical models, rather than an equivalent circuit in circuit simulation. The corresponding flat leakage power is simulated and analyzed at frequencies of 2.45 and 2.8 GHz, as well as at different ambient temperatures. Simulation results were in

A new topology to excite circular TE 02 mode for studying of gyrotron traveling-wave tube (gyro-TWT) is presented. The mode generator consists of a rectangular TE 10 to cross waveguide TE 44 mode converter and a cross waveguide TE 44 to circular TE 02 mode converter. To obtain a high-purity TE 02 mode output and make the generator compact, a cross waveguide with sidewall coupling apertures and a novel

An effective analysis method is proposed for broadband GaAs Schottky diode-based frequency multipliers. Frequency multipliers output power nulls in the working frequency band have been estimated and removed from the perspective of multiplier transmission notches. Transmission characteristics of the input signal from radio frequency RF input port to Schottky lumpports and the desired harmonic from Schottky

Explicit solution is derived for the exact synthesis of cross-coupled quadruplet filters with a real-frequency zero pair. Through a comparison of two-port S-parameters of the low-pass prototype circuit with the canonical generalized Chebyshev insertion loss function, a univariate quadratic function is formulated, and all element values of the circuit are explicitly expressed in terms of the designated

In this letter, compact-balanced bandpass filter (BPF) and filtering crossover are proposed with intrinsic common-mode (CM) suppression by using a single-layered substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity. The SIW cavity with low profile is TE n0m mode resonator, which has only one nonzero electric field component. Hence, it is also a natural frequency selection device of the differential signal.

In this letter, a new differential dielectric strip resonator (DSR) filter with dual passbands is proposed. By loading a pair of ground bars underneath the traditional half- wavelength ( $\lambda /2$ ) DSR with high permittivity (supported by a low-permittivity substrate with the bottom ground plane), the TM 10 and TM 30 modes can be controlled to be in a close spacing. Meanwhile, both of them can

Design equations for the parameters of a lumped-element quadrature coupler with impedance transforming are derived. Considering on-chip implementations, it has a smaller size as compared to a quarter-wavelength transmission-line-based coupler. A 2.47-GHz quadrature coupler with impedance transforming is implemented using GaAs technology for verification. The measurement results show that the fabricated

In this letter, a new hybrid coupler with symmetrical square feed using printed ridge gap waveguide (RGW) technology is introduced and investigated. This structure can find important applications in beamforming network designs. The proposed coupler has a compact size of $1.12\lambda _{g} \times 1.12\lambda _{g} \times 0.14\lambda _{g}$ and shows promising results at millimeter-wave Ka -band around

In this letter, a novel microstrip line balun with transparent port impedance and unconnected flexible output arms is presented. The proposed balun is designed from a symmetric four-port device with an open end at its isolation port. To achieve balun function, a shunt stub is attached between the unbalanced port and the virtual open-ended port to generate a transmission zero under the even-mode circuit

In this letter, a compact and broadband directional coupler is proposed for high-power radio frequency applications in the frequency band of 5–150 MHz. The coupler is composed of a suspended semiflexible coaxial cable and a series of equalizers composed of lumped components. Such design exhibits excellent performance in high power handling capacity (~kW), high directivity (~35 dB), low return loss

In this letter, a quasi-coaxial through-silicon-via (TSV) is presented for millimeter-wave integrated circuit (IC) packaging. The quasi-coaxial-via (Q-COV) structure in which one side ground metal is removed can minimize the interconnect length when it is mounted, in comparison to the coaxial-via (COV) structure. Simulation analysis shows that the Q-COV has similar electrical characteristics as the

A robust and wideband differential microstrip line-to-WR6-waveguide transition for mixed multilayer PCBs at $D$ -band is presented. The PCB stack is composed of three standard RF core materials with standard thicknesses. Compared to other inline transitions above 90 GHz, which are designed for single substrates, it can be applied to mixed multilayer circuits. The tapered transition is only 8.0-mm wide

A new on-chip dual-band Wilkinson power divider (WPD), developed on a GaAs-based integrated passive device (IPD) process, is designed at 28/60 GHz for millimeter-wave (mmW) applications. Composite right/left-handed lines in microstrip form are employed to achieve the dual-band property. Thanks to the low-loss feature of the GaAs-based IPD process, the proposed mmW WPD ensures comparable performance

A novel behavior model expressing the effect of contact pressure on the passive intermodulation (PIM) performance was proposed and experimentally verified. The finite-element analysis (FEA) model of the central conductor of a typical coaxial connector was developed based on the structural analysis and contact surface modeling. Simulation results identified the current densities in the contact areas

This letter presents a wideband power amplifier (PA) with high efficiency integrated filtering characteristic. A novel bandpass filtering impedance transformer was proposed, which consists of a terminated coupled line structure (TCLS) and impedance tuning network (ITN), to realize the input matching network (IMN) and output impedance matching network (OMN). To enhance the efficiency of PA, the second

This letter presents a modified Doherty power amplifier (DPA) combining network with wide bandwidth (BW) and high power utilization factor (PUF). For the first time, the impact of the excessive phase dispersion of matching networks on the performance of conventional broadband DPA is analytically revealed. For dispersion compensation, an optimized adaptive combining load is introduced to enhance the

We report a three-gain-stage 88–104-GHz $W$ -band solid-state power amplifier (SSPA) monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) having modest 100–140-mW output power ( $P_{\mathrm {out}}$ ), high gain, and high power-added efficiency (PAE). The MMIC technology is 250-nm InP HBT. PA $S_{21}$ gain is 29.5 dB with ±0.5-dB variation. PA 3-dB $S_{21}$ gain roll-off is between 88 and 104.5 GHz with high

We present a $W$ -band four-stage power amplifier (PA) in a 65-nm CMOS using a push–pull configuration with inductive feedback neutralization which achieves the highest figure of merit (FOM) compared to the recently reported CMOS PAs. The device was gradually tapered from the output to the input stage to optimize the power-added efficiency (PAE) while achieving high power gain with compact impedance

This letter presents the design and performance of two single-pole double-throw (SPDT) switches operating in $V$ -band (50–75 GHz) and $W$ -band (75–110 GHz). The millimeter-wave (mmW) integrated circuits (MMICs) are fabricated in a 50-nm gate-length metamorphic high-electron-mobility transistor technology. Special attention was paid to the reduction of the insertion loss (IL). Thus, both switch MMICs

Unlike conventional energy harvesters that are tuned to individual frequencies and are directional, the proposed wideband (23% fractional bandwidth), omnidirectional system harvests from all FM towers in vicinity. Hence, it does not require each sensor node to be carefully aligned to any one source and makes itself suited for mass-deployment applications such as precision agriculture and structural

An equivalent circuit model of a passive system with nonlinear characteristics was developed to simulate the forward and reversed passive intermodulation product (PIMP) powers. Mitigation methods based on signal compensation were proposed and used to reduce the interferences of passive intermodulation (PIM). The cancellation phenomena of third-order PIMP powers were observed both in the active and

In this letter, a novel multibeam digital predistortion (MB-DPD) technique is proposed to linearize multiple beams simultaneously targeted at the multiuser scenario of millimeter-wave (mmWave) analog beamforming transmitters. It is achieved by effectively constructing the predistorted signal for each beam to remove both the intrinsic nonlinear distortion of power amplifier (PA) and the multibeam interference

A transmitter leakage canceller (TLC) having high isolation from a transmitter (TX) to a receiver (RX) is proposed, which is for a single antenna continuous-wave (CW) radar in the 2-GHz band. The proposed TLC is based on three points to obtain sufficient TX-to-RX isolation in a bandwidth of tens of MHz. The first is the use of a quasi-balanced structure in a leakage path and an antileakage path, which

This letter introduces a bistatic $W$ -band continuous wave radar sensor based on a silicon-germanium (SiGe) transceiver chip with respect to its ability to measure aerosol streams with particles in the micrometer range. The introduced homodyne SiGe sensor relies on a phase-locked loop (PLL)-stabilized oscillator embedded into a monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC), while up until now particle

This letter proposes a microwave planar sensor for the characterization of magnetodielectric materials. The sensor is designed by loading microstrip lines with complementary split-ring resonators (CSRRs). Two patches are connected to the microstrip lines to couple with the CSRRs, and a pair of 50- $\Omega $ resistors are in series with the lines to provide a notch. The designed sensor can extract the

The dispersion diagrams for the proposed spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP) unit [1, Fig. 1(b)] and the substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) unit [1, Fig. 1(c)] are plotted in [1, Fig. 2] , which are incorrect and the correct dispersion curves for the same are presented here, as shown in Fig. 1 . The dispersion curves are analyzed and plotted for mode-1 simulation in the eigenmode solver of CST

A novel unconditionally stable finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) electromagnetic simulation method based on the weighted Laguerre polynomials (WLPs) and isotropic dispersion (ID) finite difference scheme is proposed, which introduces WLPs in the time domain and ID finite difference scheme in the space domain. Based on the analysis of monochrome waves, its numerical dispersion relation is obtained

In this letter, the propagation of an electromagnetic (EM) wave in a time-variant medium is treated with a novel methodology stemming from the precise integration time domain (PITD) method. This methodology is a generalized version of the conventional PITD method (thus GPITD, for short). In the GPITD method, the electric displacement and the magnetic induction serve as the iteratively calculated components

This letter demonstrates that glide symmetry can be used to match the impedance of highly dense dielectric profiles in wide angle and broad bandwidth. Using glide-symmetric metasurfaces permits tuning the magnetic properties of materials, so high values of permittivity can be matched to free space in wideband. This matching is achieved without disturbing the performance of the device, since the refractive

In this letter, new patterns of symmetric trisection bandpass filter (BPF) with reflection-type half-wave resonators, mixed cross-coupling, and different paths for signal propagation are discussed. The various coordinates of the conductive connection of loads to the end half-wave resonators are used in the filter. This leads to different signal paths from input to output of the filter. Due to the various

This letter presents the design of mixed quarter- and one-eighth modes substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) bandpass filter (BPF). The transmission zeros (TZs) of the proposed SIW BPF can provide wide stopband response and high selectivity characteristics by using different mode SIW cavities. For validation, two- and three-stage SIW BPFs with Chebyshev response were designed at a center frequency (