ABSTRACT Transparent antennas are becoming important in the wireless field since they can be integrated in combination with solar cells placed underneath the transparent antenna to make the antenna system compact. In this regard, water is used in this study. The behaviour of a water dielectric patch antenna is presented to find the influence of the thickness of water and the type of water used on the

ABSTRACT In this paper, the construction of a miniaturised hexagonal microstrip antenna (MSA) loaded with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) and Metamaterial (MTM) superstrate proposed for 5.2 GHz WLAN application is presented. Initially, the fundamental resonant frequency of the hexagonal MSA was reduced from 14.8 GHz to 5.2 GHz using a rectangle DGS. For the suggested antenna model a miniaturisation

ABSTRACT Multiple antennas are usually employed to improve the performance of the wireless communication system. To this context, we derive the effective capacity (EC) expressions for Inverse Gamma (I-Gamma) shadowed fading channel, employing maximal ratio combining (MRC) and selection combining (SC) diversity schemes at the receiver (Rx) side. The channels are assumed to be independent and identical

This paper proposes a non-isolated bipolar bi-directional DC-DC converter with an interleaved switched capacitor for bipolar DC micro-grids suitable for both low power and high power applications to achieve high voltage gain. Interleaved structure onlow voltage side is proposed to realize current sharing to reduce current ripple and switched capacitor topology on high voltage side to achieve high voltage

ABSTRACT Ternary logic emerges as an alternative to the conventional binary logic in designing high performance, energy-efficient VLSI circuits because it reduces the number of interconnects and chip area. In this paper, we presented low power and high speed 9:2 encoder and 2:9 decoder designs based on ternary logic using carbon nanotube field effect transistors (CNTFETs). These circuits have been

ABSTRACT This paper presents improved multiplexer based ultra-low-power ternary Half Adder (HA), ternary Full Adder (FA), and ternary 1-bit multiplier designs. The proposed circuits consume 61-91% lesser power and can be implemented with 10-40% lesser number of transistors, as compared to the other corresponding circuits available in the literature. The reduction in power and transistor count has been

Abstract In order to solve the problem of low detection rate of frequency hopping(FH) signal under low SNR,a FH signal detection technology based on deep neural network (vgg16 network) is proposed.Firstly, this paper introduces the principle of FH signal. Then, this paper presents the SSD deep neural network detection framework, and uses this framework to detect FH signal and estimate its parameters

ABSTRACT This paper presents the design of a compact arc shape slot antenna and its application in multiple inputs and multiple-output (MIMO) communications. The unit cell antenna has a footprint of 15 × 15 mm2. The antenna with arc shape stub loaded feedline provides broadband impedance matching extending from 3 GHz– 9.5 GHz. The antenna is made dual-polarised using orthogonal feed structure. A four-port

Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy based Magnetic Tunnel Junction (PMA-MTJ), Spin Transfer Torque Magnetic Random-Access Memory (STT-MRAM) has attracted wide attention among the next generation Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) technologies due to low leakage and high-density characteristics for embedded memory architectures. However, STT-MRAM based memory cells are not energy efficient with CMOS scaling at

Managing the speed and power trade-off is becoming increasing challenging as the power supply voltage (Vdd) is scaled down in each era. Existing logic circuits that address the trade-off require more power. A new logic circuit made up of one PMOS and two NMOS is evaluated while coupled to a typical power delivery network (PDN). Simulated in a 0.09µm CMOS, the present circuit not only reduces the supply

Abstract The overall network effectiveness in any real time application is defined by the amount of precision used in computing and the capacity to sustain low cost hardware. Within this context optimization method for floating point computing is starting to emerge gradually due to the enhanced precision level. Particularly with regard to FFT floating point arithmetic model calculation, hardware sophistication

Abstract In grid connected photovoltaic (PV) system, the maximum power will be tracked by the conventional Perturb and Observe (P&O) algorithm. It generally produces high oscillations around maximum power point, and it fails to attain extreme power under promptly environment conditions. To overcome these issues, this work proposes a deep neural network (DNN) based Maximum Power Point tracking (MPPT)

Abstract In order to improve the efficiency of high gain DC-DC converter using MOSFET as switching device, a novel zero-voltage soft-switching high gain DC-DC converter is presented. A main switch tube is used to replace the output diode in the conventional boost converter, and an auxiliary network is added to make the two switches realize true ZVS soft turn-on and all diodes realize true ZCS soft

Abstract If the energy of sensor nodes is not utilized properly, it results in performance degradation of the network. Sleep scheduling approach and cooperative communication techniques can be employed to enhance the network performance. Cooperative communication follows the relay-based transmission. The nodes turn its radio sleep and awake in sleep scheduling approaches. This paper considers the merits

Abstract In this paper, a novel technique to design Multiband Pass Integrator (MPI) will be presented. This novel technique involves the implementation of the MPI using the approximation of equations abstracted from Z-Transform using sine and cosine function, Fn(ω) and Hn(ω). The weights of the integrator are made dependable of the same sine and cosine function. After that, a model is predicted from

Abstract In this paper, a new discrete-time sliding mode predictive control (DSMPC) strategy with a PID sliding function is proposed for synchronous dc-dc buck converter, and its stability analysis is reported. The model predictive control, along with digital sliding mode control (DSMC), is able to further reducing the chattering phenomenon, steady-state error, overshoot, and undershoot. The proposed

Abstract This paper presents a single-ended 9T SRAM cell with data-aware write-word-line structure to improve write ability, and a positive feedback sense amplifier (SA) to solve sensing challenge at an ultra-low voltage. The proposed 9T cell is well suited for bit-interleaving architecture in SRAM array. Simulation results indicate that at a 0.5V supply voltage, the proposed SRAM cell achieves the

Abstract Cache is the bridge between CPU and memory for data exchange, which consumes up to 45% of the entire CPU energy. Low power cache and memory are urgently required for the computer system. The paper focuses on using Destiny to simulate the scaling roadmap of the STT-MRAM. The performance evaluation of the STT-MRAM is explored in the cache applications, including the cell area, the aspect ratio

This paper presents a reconfigurable loop based filter performing compound reconfiguration. The designed filter is capable of functioning as a bandstop or bandpass filter by a simple approach of cascading the resonator to the transmission line connecting source and load. Shifting of operating frequencies is characterized by switching between a loop and a C-shaped resonator. To demonstrate the working

Advanced CMOS technology is highly susceptible to aging effects such as Negative Bias Temperature Instability (NBTI) and process variability. This paper focuses on investigating the “combined impact” of NBTI degradation along with the process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) variations on SRAM metrics. These issues impact the performance of SRAM cell in many ways but the two main dynamic metrics are

Abstract This paper proposes a new cascaded switched-capacitor (SC) multilevel inverter (MLI). This inverter uses a suitable process to charge/discharge the capacitors to keep them balanced. Also, in the proposed MLI, fewer power electronic elements are required, and the value of the blocked voltage on switches also decreased. Six methods are proposed to determine the magnitude of the dc power supplies

Abstract The metamaterial inspired low-cost diamond shaped fractal antenna (DSFA) based on edge-coupled (EC) parasitic split ring resonator (SRR) for multiband wireless application is presented and investigated in this manuscript. Initially, three iterations of DSFA are designed and found that 2nd iteration reveals the more number of frequency bands as compared to the other iterations. For proper impedance

Abstract This paper presents a multi-advantageous control technique for two-stage converters, namely DC-DC boost converter and three-phase voltage source inverter (VSI) in stand-alone energy-stored solar photovoltaic (SPV) system. Two-stage converter traditionally used two simultaneous control actions - DC-side control logic for boost converter and AC-side voltage control loop for VSI to maintain standard

This paper introduces a wideband circular polarized rectenna that can harvest efficiently ambient wireless power with bandwidth from 1.7 to 2.6 GHz in both wide operating power and output load ranges. The rectenna is based on a high gain wideband slot microstip receiving antenna array and a wideband rectifier with a branch-line coupler that appropriately improve the RF-dc conversion efficiency at ambient

Design and simulation of variable gain analog buffer amplifier using single gate reconfigurable field-effect transistor (SG-RFET) with strained silicon channel are proposed. The design simplicity makes SG-RFET device a potential candidate compared to the multi-gate RFET devices. The gain of the proposed configuration is varied by tuning the feedback voltage. The voltage gain of the proposed configuration

In this paper, a new single-phase seven level inverter with reduced device count is introduced. The structure can boost the input voltage by synthesizing the capacitors’ voltages in predetermined current paths. A single DC voltage source is utilized to generate the output AC staircase waveform, which is facilitated via Nearest Level Control. Self-voltage balancing ability, less number of semiconductor

Abstract Conventional multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems operating at sub-6 GHz frequencies generally employ fully digital precoding which requires dedicated radio frequency (RF) chain for each antenna element. However, this architecture is infeasible for the millimeter wave (mmWave) massive MIMO systems due to excessive power consumption and space constraints posed by large number of RF

Abstract A 3-D fourth-order one-step leapfrog HIE-FDTD method with convolutional perfectly matched layer (CPML) has been proposed in this paper. When the time step size satisfies with the time stability condition, the maximum reflection error of the proposed method is below -79 dB, which demonstrates good absorbing performance of the CPML method. To verify the accuracy, we give the numerical dispersions

Abstract An ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with quadruple-band-rejection characteristics and a size-miniaturised approach for portable wireless applications is designed and experimentally investigated. The proposed antenna consists of a unique trapezoidal-shaped patch, 50 Ω triple-step microstrip feed line, and step-truncated ground plane. The patch tapering improves the bandwidth of an antenna to 2

Abstract A three-stage four-way 90-101 GHz power amplifier (PA) on 90 nm CMOS is reported. The PA consists of a meandrous four-way Wilkinson power divider, and common-source (CS) input and gain stages with inductive shunt-shunt feedback, followed by four-way CS output stage using a compact four-way current combiner. Wideband π-match inter-stage networks are used for broadband impedance and power matching

ABSTRACT The dynamics of memristor–based chaotic oscillators with perfect symmetry is very well documented. However, the literature is relatively poor concerning the behavior of such types of circuits when their symmetry is perturbed or destroyed. In this paper, we consider the dynamics of a memristive twin-T oscillator recently introduced by Ling Zhou et al. (International Journal of Bifurcation and

Mixed-signal applications form one of the hottest topics in semiconductor industry. Considerable effort is required for the creation of designs that consist of both analog and digital blocks with high accuracy and performance. Therefore, mixed-signal verification can be considered as a significant matter. Former conventional verification approaches present very slow verification time, which ultimately

ABSTRACT Process validation test (PVT) helps to predict the response of a device to various figure of merit (FOM) parameters, such as diameter (process), supply voltage, and temperature. In this paper, the Stanford model is modified to investigate the effect of temperature, nanotube diameter, etc. on the current-voltage characteristics, drain current, transconductance, threshold voltage, subthreshold

Abstract The microgrid power plant contains a large number of power electronic converters, which inevitably produce power quality problems such as harmonic noise and voltage fluctuations. Harmonics noise is produced excessive heat and reduce the life of the equipment. In this paper, the control strategy of a combination of the bidirectional DC/DC and DC/AC device to integrate supercapacitor and Active

ABSTRACT Impedance Source Inverter (ZSI) offers solution to low output renewable energy sources, provides unconventional high boost. Interaction of Quasi-Z-Source Inverter (qZSI) and third order filter raises stability concerns. Dynamic interaction of dc and ac sides shows additional resonant frequencies, resonant characteristic needs attention when grid connected. In this paper resonant characteristic

Abstract In heterogeneous networks, Vertical Handover (VH) plays a vital consequence of customer mobility as they have a high impact on networking performance like delay, throughput and call block probability. Even in the presence of various existing works, VH management exhibit certain drawbacks like method complexity, difficult network modelling and inaccurate handover. Thus, a hybrid methodology

ABSTRACT WSN consists of many sensors and one or more sink nodes combine monitor the environment. These sensors need high throughput and network lifetime to get involved in communication. Duty Cycle is a key factor in sensor nodes to maintain sleep and active condition in the presence of overhearing, collisions of packets while data transmission between sensor nodes. The key challenge of sensor nodes

Abstract Interference is considered as the major problem in the next-generation wireless systems to attain higher throughput. The conventional interference cancelation techniques attain a theoretical breach in endorsing the wireless systems. However, the interference in the signals causes an error or imprecise estimation of the channel for future fifth-generation (5G) transmissions. Thus, this paper

ABSTRACT This paper presents the design of Meander and Koch Curves based Wearable Hybrid Fractal Antenna (MKWHFA) using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Iterative Function System (IFS). The proposed antenna design combines two fractal geometries i.e. Meander and Koch curve to enhance its performance characteristics. It uses the Jean material as a substrate having a dielectric constant of 1.7 and

Abstract Interference is considered as the major problem in the next-generation wireless systems to attain higher throughput. The conventional interference cancelation techniques attain a theoretical breach in endorsing the wireless systems. However, the interference in the signals causes an error or imprecise estimation of the channel for future fifth-generation (5G) transmissions. Thus, this paper

ABSTRACT This paper presents the design of Meander and Koch Curves based Wearable Hybrid Fractal Antenna (MKWHFA) using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Iterative Function System (IFS). The proposed antenna design combines two fractal geometries i.e. Meander and Koch curve to enhance its performance characteristics. It uses the Jean material as a substrate having a dielectric constant of 1.7 and

ABSTRACT In this paper, a miniaturised band-notched Printed Log Periodic Dipole Array (PLPDA) is designed with fractal dipole for UWB Communication. The miniaturisation is achieved using Meander fractal geometry applied to each dipole element of the PLPDA. The sub-sectional tapered concept is integrated to achieve notches in the WLAN band (5.15 GHz-5.825 GHz) and the WiMAX band (3.4 GHz-3.6 GHz). A

ABSTRACT Solid-state transformer has been a major area of research in recent years because of its multifunctionality as compared to conventional low-frequency transformers. Bidirectional isolated dual-active bridge is an important component in power electronic transformer. When conventional control scheme such as single-phase shift and dual-phase shift are used, they have high current stress and thus

Abstract This communication presents the design of an asymmetrical hexagonal-shaped wideband antenna based on Characteristic Mode Analysis (CMA). An L-shaped slot is used to change the distribution of mode surface currents. Current modes and characteristic fields of the desired modes are studied to improve bandwidth. A simple 50 Ω microstrip line is used to excite the selected modes and obtain wideband

ABSTRACT In this paper, a novel VHF high-power tunable low-pass filter based on nested coupled helical inductors is reported. By analysing the theory of nested coupled spiral inductors, a proposed VHF low-pass filter based on a set of nested coupled spiral inductors is realised, which is equivalent to a third-order low-pass filter with a transmission zero. The resulting filter offers advantages of

ABSTRACT This paper presents design of an ultra-low-power two-stage Op-Amp and Second-generation current conveyor (CCII) using gm/ I D technique for portable applications like biomedical instruments, wireless sensor networks (WSNs), etc. The designed circuits are based on 20 nm Tunnel Field-Effect Transistor (TFET). The circuits use a single power supply of + 0.9 V and provide improvements in many

The Mathematical formulation and a circuit emulator for memristor having three cross-over points in its transient VI curve, has been reported in this paper. The condition for exhibiting three cross-over (pinch-off) points, coordinates of the cross-over points, cross-over instances and the area enclosed under lobes have been derived from three cross-over memristive equation. Furthermore to verify the

Abstract The conventional Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) can be simply implemented using Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT), and DFT instead of bank of modulator and bank of demodulator, respectively. However, the OFDM can be modified using chaotic interleaving that reduces the 1-Dimension (1-D), and 2-Dimension (2-D) burst errors, and improve the Bit-Error-Rate (BER) performance

ABSTRACT This paper brings an advanced class of hybrid SVPWM techniques for medium voltage drive applications with two level inverter which employ multiple division of active vector time (MDAVT) switching sequences to reduce total harmonic distortion (THD) and switching loss. The proposed hybrid SVPWM techniques are categorized based on the principle of bus clamping strategies. Multiple division active

ABSTRACT In this paper, new designs of infinite impulse response digital integrators are presented. Transfer functions of the digital integrators are derived after utilizing the concept of multirate technique in the fractional interpolation of the rectangular and bilinear transform. Thereafter, the unknown variables of the obtained generalized transfer functions are optimized by using the optimization

This article is focussed on developing a novel hybrid modulation technique for matrix converter. The concept of singular value decomposition (SVD) is utilised to synthesise the intermediate fictitious dc link voltage whereas generalised scalar pulse width modulation (GSPWM) is utilised to generate the target output voltage. SVD provides the required flexibility in selecting the switch states to improve

Cognitive Radio Ad-hoc Network (CRAHN) is one of the building blocks of heterogeneous networks to improve accessibility and spectral efficiency. The prioritized spectrum access is the key to maintain the efficiency of CRAHN. However, in CRAHN, TCP results in severe throughput reduction since it cannot differentiate between the packet loss due to SU’s transmission-blocking and packet loss due to congestion

Abstract In this paper an integrated hybrid converter topology, unique DC input as well as at same time of outputs DC and AC that use a hybrid control method. At established integrated converter, accomplish high step up voltage and implement outputs of DC as well as AC to greater reliability, switching topology is utilized. The established hybrid strategy is joint execution of spotted hyena optimizer

The harmful outcome of fossil fuel emission and growing concern about the deficiency of power resources has started a new requirement of cleaner, reliable, and sustainable energy resources. Thus, wind power and solar energy based systems are the best emerging energy sources amongst the various renewable energy resources. The proposed system involves a boost converter with an inverter circuit, where

Abstract In order to realize multi energy complementary power generation, micro-grid needs to integrate islanding operation mode and grid-connected operation mode together. In the grid-connected mode, all distributed generation(DG) units run the constant-power(PQ) control, the voltage and frequency are provided by the utility grid. In the islanding mode, the main DG unit runs the constant-voltage/frequency(v/f)

The faults diagnosis of Induction Motor (IM) is a required field of the research area grown in recent years. Industrialists and researchers predominately use this interest as a result of improvement in control circuits for IM. This paper proposes, a new approach for the detection of Broken Rotor Bar (BRB) fault in a three phase Induction Motor Drive (IMD) using one of the signals Discrete Wavelet Transform

Abstract Among the various reduced switch count multilevel inverter (RSC-MLI) topologies, T-type is the most simplified configuration with appreciable reduction in switch count and thus becomes an alternate to the conventional cascade H-bridge (CHB) topology. However, the extreme reduction in switch count of T-type topology has limited its switching redundancies and causes a critical dc-link voltage

Abstract The main challenge of Cognitive Radio (CR) is to identify the occurrence of primary users (PU) effectively to mitigate interference with licensed communications. The occurrence of PU is identified by spectrum sensing (SS). Due to shadowing and deep fading, SS may produce false sensing results. Cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) can mitigate these problems but at the cost of extra energy consumption

In the present era of diminishing technology nodes, stability and performance of SRAM cells deteriorate. To cope up with the above growing concerns, a new 11T SRAM cell has been proposed which improves the stability in all operating modes of SRAM as well as the delay and power in the write mode. At worst process corner SS, the write 0 delay has been improved by 14.01%, 6.75%, 115.72% and 26.61% compared

In recent years, several current mode wave active filters have been reported in literature. However, most schemes only have a few higher-order filters that employ a wave equivalent inductor in a series branch as well as a wave-equivalent capacitor in the shunt branch. As a result, it is very difficult to design wave active filters with all the filter frequency responses using lower- to higher-order