ABSTRACT In this paper, a miniaturised band-notched Printed Log Periodic Dipole Array (PLPDA) is designed with fractal dipole for UWB Communication. The miniaturisation is achieved using Meander fractal geometry applied to each dipole element of the PLPDA. The sub-sectional tapered concept is integrated to achieve notches in the WLAN band (5.15 GHz-5.825 GHz) and the WiMAX band (3.4 GHz-3.6 GHz). A

ABSTRACT Solid-state transformer has been a major area of research in recent years because of its multifunctionality as compared to conventional low-frequency transformers. Bidirectional isolated dual-active bridge is an important component in power electronic transformer. When conventional control scheme such as single-phase shift and dual-phase shift are used, they have high current stress and thus

Abstract This communication presents the design of an asymmetrical hexagonal-shaped wideband antenna based on Characteristic Mode Analysis (CMA). An L-shaped slot is used to change the distribution of mode surface currents. Current modes and characteristic fields of the desired modes are studied to improve bandwidth. A simple 50 Ω microstrip line is used to excite the selected modes and obtain wideband

ABSTRACT This paper presents design of an ultra-low-power two-stage Op-Amp and Second-generation current conveyor (CCII) using gm/ I D technique for portable applications like biomedical instruments, wireless sensor networks (WSNs), etc. The designed circuits are based on 20 nm Tunnel Field-Effect Transistor (TFET). The circuits use a single power supply of + 0.9 V and provide improvements in many

The Mathematical formulation and a circuit emulator for memristor having three cross-over points in its transient VI curve, has been reported in this paper. The condition for exhibiting three cross-over (pinch-off) points, coordinates of the cross-over points, cross-over instances and the area enclosed under lobes have been derived from three cross-over memristive equation. Furthermore to verify the

Abstract The conventional Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) can be simply implemented using Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT), and DFT instead of bank of modulator and bank of demodulator, respectively. However, the OFDM can be modified using chaotic interleaving that reduces the 1-Dimension (1-D), and 2-Dimension (2-D) burst errors, and improve the Bit-Error-Rate (BER) performance

ABSTRACT This paper brings an advanced class of hybrid SVPWM techniques for medium voltage drive applications with two level inverter which employ multiple division of active vector time (MDAVT) switching sequences to reduce total harmonic distortion (THD) and switching loss. The proposed hybrid SVPWM techniques are categorized based on the principle of bus clamping strategies. Multiple division active

ABSTRACT In this paper, new designs of infinite impulse response digital integrators are presented. Transfer functions of the digital integrators are derived after utilizing the concept of multirate technique in the fractional interpolation of the rectangular and bilinear transform. Thereafter, the unknown variables of the obtained generalized transfer functions are optimized by using the optimization

This article is focussed on developing a novel hybrid modulation technique for matrix converter. The concept of singular value decomposition (SVD) is utilised to synthesise the intermediate fictitious dc link voltage whereas generalised scalar pulse width modulation (GSPWM) is utilised to generate the target output voltage. SVD provides the required flexibility in selecting the switch states to improve

Cognitive Radio Ad-hoc Network (CRAHN) is one of the building blocks of heterogeneous networks to improve accessibility and spectral efficiency. The prioritized spectrum access is the key to maintain the efficiency of CRAHN. However, in CRAHN, TCP results in severe throughput reduction since it cannot differentiate between the packet loss due to SU’s transmission-blocking and packet loss due to congestion

Abstract In this paper an integrated hybrid converter topology, unique DC input as well as at same time of outputs DC and AC that use a hybrid control method. At established integrated converter, accomplish high step up voltage and implement outputs of DC as well as AC to greater reliability, switching topology is utilized. The established hybrid strategy is joint execution of spotted hyena optimizer

The harmful outcome of fossil fuel emission and growing concern about the deficiency of power resources has started a new requirement of cleaner, reliable, and sustainable energy resources. Thus, wind power and solar energy based systems are the best emerging energy sources amongst the various renewable energy resources. The proposed system involves a boost converter with an inverter circuit, where

Abstract In order to realize multi energy complementary power generation, micro-grid needs to integrate islanding operation mode and grid-connected operation mode together. In the grid-connected mode, all distributed generation(DG) units run the constant-power(PQ) control, the voltage and frequency are provided by the utility grid. In the islanding mode, the main DG unit runs the constant-voltage/frequency(v/f)

The faults diagnosis of Induction Motor (IM) is a required field of the research area grown in recent years. Industrialists and researchers predominately use this interest as a result of improvement in control circuits for IM. This paper proposes, a new approach for the detection of Broken Rotor Bar (BRB) fault in a three phase Induction Motor Drive (IMD) using one of the signals Discrete Wavelet Transform

Abstract Among the various reduced switch count multilevel inverter (RSC-MLI) topologies, T-type is the most simplified configuration with appreciable reduction in switch count and thus becomes an alternate to the conventional cascade H-bridge (CHB) topology. However, the extreme reduction in switch count of T-type topology has limited its switching redundancies and causes a critical dc-link voltage

Abstract The main challenge of Cognitive Radio (CR) is to identify the occurrence of primary users (PU) effectively to mitigate interference with licensed communications. The occurrence of PU is identified by spectrum sensing (SS). Due to shadowing and deep fading, SS may produce false sensing results. Cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) can mitigate these problems but at the cost of extra energy consumption

In the present era of diminishing technology nodes, stability and performance of SRAM cells deteriorate. To cope up with the above growing concerns, a new 11T SRAM cell has been proposed which improves the stability in all operating modes of SRAM as well as the delay and power in the write mode. At worst process corner SS, the write 0 delay has been improved by 14.01%, 6.75%, 115.72% and 26.61% compared

In this paper, a novel VHF high power tunable low-pass filter based on nested coupled helical inductors is reported. By analysing the theory of nested coupled spiral inductors, a proposed VHF low-pass filter based on a set of nested coupled spiral inductors is realised, which is equivalent to a third-order low-pass filter with a transmission zero. The resulting filter offers advantages of compact structure

In recent years, several current mode wave active filters have been reported in literature. However, most schemes only have a few higher-order filters that employ a wave equivalent inductor in a series branch as well as a wave-equivalent capacitor in the shunt branch. As a result, it is very difficult to design wave active filters with all the filter frequency responses using lower- to higher-order

Signal reliability of Nano-scale interconnects is a major cause of concern at subthreshold voltages. This paper deals with the subthreshold operation of carbon nanotube (CNT) bundle interconnects of two different geometries viz. square CNT bundles (S-CNT) and triangular CNT (T-CNT) bundles. The output waveforms of the two interconnect geometries is studied to find out the effects of ON/OFF times and

ABSTRACT In this paper, a simple design method for compact transition from conical to coaxial lines with a uniform impedance and low reflection in the standard ASTM D4935 jig for shielding measurement of planar materials is introduced. The proposed structures with even a short conical line exhibit a more uniform impedance and lower return loss and consequently expand the measurable frequency range

Abstract Due to a phenomenal increase in non-linear/linear loads in the last two decades, power quality (PQ) has been a major concern nowadays. PQ issues and solutions for problems such as injection of harmonics by non-linear loads, voltage regulation, power factor correction etc. are current topics of research. So, harmonic mitigation using a Cascaded-H Bridge Multilevel Inverter (CHB-MLI) is the

Abstract As through silicon via (TSV) in three-dimensional (3-D) stacked integrated circuit (IC) has become micro-nanosized, the conventional wafer probe technology cannot fulfill the current detection requirements, so new testing techniques are urgently needed. In this paper, we present a method for TSV contactless testing based on group delay. The group delay-based mixed testing stimulus is applied

In this paper, a novel 600V split-gate VDMOS with the integrated trench MOS barrier Schottky (TMBS) is proposed to reduce the specific gate-drain charge (Q gd,sp) and specific reverse recovery charge (QRR). For the proposed device, the TMBS is distributed in the JFET region, and it offers a majority of the freewheeling current (IF) during the reverse recovery period resulted in a great reduction in

Abstract In this paper, some recently proposed multilevel power converters are investigated for their fault tolerant capabilities and improved reliability. These reported topologies are generally reduced device multilevel inverter (RD-MLIs) configurations that lack ability to tolerate switch failures due to absence of redundant states. Present work therefore aims to incorporate open circuit fault-tolerant

Abstract Multilevel inverters are currently the subject of extensive investigation and are used primarily for medium and high voltage distribution systems. The work presented in this paper provides a cost-effective and realistic solution to mitigate power quality (PQ) problems. A Cascaded H-Bridge multilevel inverter (CHB-MLI) has been configured as a shunt active power filter (SAPF). It is well reported

Abstract In this paper, a low-profile, compact hexa-band pattern reconfigurable antenna is presented. The proposed antenna consists of a square patch fed by a microstrip line of 50 Ω and a ground plane. The ground is loaded with a pair of the split-ring resonators and two rectangular slots that offer multiband operation and pattern reconfigurability. On the top surface of the antenna, two diodes (D1

Abstract In this paper, a novel half T-square strip fractal antenna has been proposed. The antenna has been designed on FR4 (ɛr=4.4) substrate with a size of 26 × 20 × 1 mm. The reported antenna resonates at 0.91 (0.89 - 0.95 GHz), 2.16 GHz (2.1 - 2.23GHz), 4.19 GHz (3.9 - 4.4 GHz), 5.22 GHz (5.1 – 5.3 GHz), 7.69 GHz (7.3 - 8 GHz), and at 9.16 GHz (9.1- 9.3 GHz) having a gain of 5.6 dB, 0.2 dB, 1.4

Advancement in CMOS technology demands to revamp the design of basic functional units in digital systems. The binary addition is the basic operation in digital units like microprocessors, digital signal processors, and data processing units in ASICs. Scaling down the technology no longer supports power density and energy-efficient digital architectures. The energy-efficient adder design demands the

Abstract Dc-dc converters are widely used in solar power systems to extract maximum power from solar photovoltaic (SPV) sources by matching the reflected load resistance to the internal resistance of the SPV source. This paper proposes a non-isolated buck-boost converter with extended range of voltage gain operating within practical limits of duty ratio. The gain of the proposed converter has been

Abstract The coordinate rotation digital computer (CORDIC) is a class of shift-add algorithm for the rotation of vectors on a plane. To compute digital waves, there are various techniques have been used the trigonometric function, but it needs a huge usage of memory. CORDIC algorithm has a flexible feature when compared with other algorithms the quantization accuracy is high. The major problem in this

Numerical analysis of crosstalk between two traces in a printed circuit board is presented using the method of moments (MoM). In the high-frequency range, the attenuation constant is neglected in the theory for its very small values. The width of the trace is accurately determined for the trace impedance of 50 ohm from the charge distribution on the traces without using an approximated empirical formula

Abstract This paper proposes a control strategy to enhance the operating efficiency of a Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) for an Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (IPMSM) drive. In this method, the battery and super-capacitor (SC) are connected by an interleaved DC-DC (DD) converter where a bypass DD scheme with the inherent anti-parallel diode of power switches is used to create another

A voltage supply scalable analog voltage comparator for a wide input range is presented in this paper. A digital gate-based methodology is used to design the comparator in order to extend the use of automation in the analog designs. Therefore, the proposed comparator is enormously cost-effective, reduces the time-to-market, scalable to newer technologies, and more immune to process variations than

Abstract An image skeletonization plays an important role in applications such as object identification, object’s shape description, pattern recognition, computer vision, telemedicine, and image compression. In this paper, an architecture is developed for the extraction of a skeleton for the 3-D grayscale object. The algorithm used in this paper is an extension of the 2-D grayscale skeletonization

Abstract The present paper describes the design of a folded hairpin-line bandpass filter centered at 2.5 GHz applicable for Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) with improved spurious suppression. The size of the conventional filter has been reduced by 30% by folding the open-end arms towards the inward direction. Thus, improvements over the skirt characteristics and shifting of the second harmonic to

Abstract Approximate computing is an emerging paradigm to make a trade-off between accuracy and hardware parameters in error resilient applications. Multiplication is one of the main operators in various digital signal processing (DSP) applications. In this paper, we propose two novel approximate 4:2 compressors based on carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNFETs). To evaluate the proposed designs

Abstract The breakdown characteristics of Al0.295Ga0.705N/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) have been studied with Al0.04Ga0.96N blocking layer and gate field plate technique. LG = 0.4 µm HEMT with 0.8 µm SiN passivation shows 2.16 A/mm drain current (IDSmax) at gate voltage, VGS = 2 V. The breakdown voltage of the HEMT is investigated for various field plate length (LFP = 1, 1.25, 1.5

ABSTRACT In this paper, we first propose a novel sparse array (NSA) composed of three adjoined sparse subarrays, among which the first and third ones can form the prototype coprime array (CA), and the second one is nested to them. When deploying NSA for direction of arrival (DOA) estimation, two virtual CAs with larger apertures than the physical ones can be generated by vectorising the covariance

Abstract Memristor technology has become an attractive option for use in-memory architectures, in-memory computing, and logic applications. Memristor crossbar array performance is dependent upon sneak paths. Our research characterizes the sneak paths in crossbar arrays where the current can sneak through non-selected cells. We present equations for characterizing sneak paths as a function of the size

Abstract 5G network plays a vital role in each field. Recently, the number of 5G users are increasing due to their vast merits. But, these users require various resources to operate effectively. Recently, the machine learning approaches are introduced within this 5G network field for attaining better accuracy and reliability during resource allocation. In this work, the resource allocation for multi-users

ABSTRACT Geometrical-based stochastic channel modeling approach of the wireless propagation radio links remained the topic of interest in the researcher community over the last few decades. Researchers and theorists have examined and verified through measurements the impact of various parameters of channel on the correlations between the array elements of multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) antenna

The ever-increasing spectrum demand in wireless communication networks like Sensor Network has routed to the development of Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks (CRSN). Securing the CRSN against the Primary User Emulation Attack (PUEA) plays a crucial role in the current research. In this paper, we propose an Opportunistic Transmission using the Hybrid Sensing method for the CRSN in the presence of smart

Abstract In this paper, the dynamic properties of the new 3-Dimensional autonomous system without linear terms are investigated. The nonlinear features of the explored model are highlighted in terms of bifurcations, time traces, phase portraits as well as space magnetization graphs. Several striking phenomena are found including, periodic and chaotic oscillations, periodic windows, coexisting (symmetric

Abstract This manuscript presents a hybrid technique based power flow management of grid connected Hybrid Renewable energy sources (HRES). HRES has Photovoltaic (PV), Wind Turbine (WT) as well as Diesel Generator (DG). The proposed hybrid technique is the combined implementation of Cuttlefish Algorithm (CFA) and artificial neural network (ANN) and commonly called CFANN technique. At proposed technique

Due to the distortion of air gap magnetic field and the inherent non-linear characteristics of the inverter, the stator current of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) contains a large number of high order harmonic components, which distorts the current waveform and generates torque ripple, limiting the application of the PMSM in high speed and precision situations. To solve this problem, a harmonic

Three phase shunt active power filter (SAPF) using multilevel inverter (MLI) is implemented in this paper for a grid integrated solar photovoltaic (PV) system for eliminating the harmonics. The objective in this work is to develop and regulate the grid integrated PV system for mitigation of harmonics with incorporation of SAPF. The PV integrated SAPF delivers the active/reactive power to the grid to

Due to the unknown nature of the mechanical loads, proper tuning of the speed controllers is always a serious challenge in servo motor drives. The problem becomes more complicated when the speed signal feedback is received from the conventional sensors such as incremental encoders which are prone to the quantization errors. This could basically result in creation of unwanted noise during the closed

In this paper, we investigate the performance of a downlink cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (C-NOMA) system with full-duplex decode-and-forward relaying, where a NOMA user with better channel operates as a full-duplex (FD) relay to assist other NOMA-user to forward its messages to the base station (BS). Specifically, we derive the exact expressions of the system performances in terms of

Droop control is an essential component of primary control in hierarchical control paradigm of DC microgrid, which allows for current sharing among power converters without communication, and thus high reliability, plug-and-play (PnP) operation, system expandability, and low cost can be achieved. However, the problem with basic droop control with constant coefficient is that higher current sharing

Multilevel inverters (MLI) are the most dependable and suitable inverters for high power applications thatlessens the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). The significantdifficulty of these MLIs is the use of an excessiveamount of switches, which introduces the in-system losses, the complexity of the circuit, size, and cost, etc. This paper suggests a design of three-phase five-level cascaded H-bridge

This paper proposes a model for three dimensional (3-D) wireless ad hoc networks with randomly distributed nodes and unknown node locations. In this model, the nodes are assumed to be randomly distributed in a cubic torus. The distances between neighboring nodes (hop lengths) and the distance between the source and destination nodes (route length) are assumed to be random. In the first part of this

Matrix converters (MCs) with a two-phase load can be used to drive a symmetrically or independently controlled load. Because MCs do not have a large-capacity energy storage unit when a two-phase output voltage is independently controlled, the ripple in the output power is coupled with the source side. However, the conventional modulation strategy significantly increases the number of low-frequency

Asymmetric property of the pinched hysteresis loop usually appears in a real memristor. To imitate this property, an asymmetric memristor emulator is constructed by an analog circuit consisting of a non-balance diode-bridge and a resistor-capacitor (RC) filter. By coupling this emulator to the classical Chua’s circuit in parallel in both forward and reverse ways, two asymmetric memristive Chua’s circuits

This work suggested a novel configuration of serial-parallel-switched-capacitor coupled-inductor (SPSCCI) inverter as well as its analysis, design, and implementation to achieve high-gain boost DC-AC conversion and closed-loop regulation. The power part consists of two cascaded sub-circuits: a SPSCCI booster (a coupled inductor with turn ratio n, four pumping capacitors, five switches) and a half-bridge

A wideband antenna design with double negative metamaterial (DNG) has been designed and evaluated for 4G and 5G applications. The antenna design is investigated for wideband operations for 5G NR (New Radio) n78 band and TDD LTE (Long Term Evolution) bands from LTE band no. 33 to 43. The design is ruled out for size miniaturization and wide bandwidth using a radiating folded dipole. The radiating elements

This paper deals with space vector modulation of a Z-source 9-switch inverter for electric vehicle application. Indeed, the Z-source 9-switch inverter can supply two induction motors of two-driving wheels electric vehicle. The proposed electric vehicle powertrain composed mainly of a Z-source structure contains inductances and capacitors, and 9-switch power inverter forms two virtual three-phase inverters

The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is one of the most important algorithm used in digital signal processing (DSP) and digital communication applications to compute fast operations. FFT and IFFT is widely used in modulation and demodulation schemes such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), TV broadcasting (DVD), Digital radio broadcasting (DVB) etc. The different FFT processor architectures

High diversity gain can be achieved for orthogonal space-time block codes (OSTBCs) using rotated QAM constellations at a cost of high Maximum Likelihood (ML) decoding complexity. Thus far, low complexity ML decoding algorithms were proposed only for OSTBCs with square QAM constellations. In this paper, an algorithm has been proposed to reduce the ML decoding complexity of OSTBCs with non-square and

In this paper, a Novel Partial Transmit Sequence-based scheme is proposed, namely (N-PTS). The aim is to solve the major hindrance of high Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR); as well as to combat the overlapping structure issue affecting Filter Bank Multicarrier system based on the Offset Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (FBMC-OQAM). On that note, computational complexity is also reduced. The proposed