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Front cover Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-12-23
Presents the front cover for this issue of the publication.
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Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-12-23
Presents a listing of the editorial board, board of governors, current staff, committee members, and/or society editors for this issue of the publication.
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Analysis of PV-Diesel Hybrid Microgrids for Small Canadian Arctic Communities Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-10-26 Nayeem Ninad; Dave Turcotte; Yves Poissant
Most Canadian remote communities are supplied electricity partly or wholly generated by diesel generators, which results in high electricity costs mostly due to the cost of transporting fuel to the remote locations. A large portion of the financial budget from the government or local community is allocated to cover the cost of diesel electricity generation. Renewable energy integration can substantially
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A Concept of Accelerating the Demagnetization of Switched Reluctance Motor Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-10-26 Jiayi Fan; Yongkeun Lee
The demagnetization of switched reluctance motor (SRM) is usually a nonnegligible problem as the speed increases due to large back electromotive force (EMF). A slow demagnetization causes long tail current and negative torque, which reduces the efficiency and the output capability of SRM. In the conventional SRM design method, the inductance slope is normally designed to be high. However, it causes
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Control and Operation of Dynamic Voltage Restorer With Online Regulated DC-Link Capacitor in Microgrid System Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-10-26 Tarek Kandil; Mohamed Adel Ahmed
This article presents a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) topology based on the adaptive noise canceling (ANC) technique, which can be used for both voltage compensation and harmonic mitigation. Furthermore, this article aims to investigate the DVR performance when installed in a microgrid (MG) during both normal operation of the utility and during utility disturbances. One of the main objectives of this
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Design and Construction of an Advanced Tracking Wheel for Insulator Materials Testing Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-10-26 Harrison P. Fletcher; Andrew Macdonald; Chris Secord; Mark Lenckowski; Rajkumar Padmawar; Dennis K. Hore
This account details the design and construction of a sophisticated tracking wheel for the accelerated aging of polymer insulators by subjecting them to surface contamination and high voltage. Automated control of wet-dry cycles is achieved by means of a computer-controlled lift mechanism that operates in tandem with the rotation. The applied voltage is continuously variable and can accommodate insulators
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A Real-Valued Toeplitz Matrix Method for DOA Estimation Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-10-26 Jianxiong Li; Deming Li; Xianguo Li
Based on the optimized coprime array (OpCA), we propose a real-valued Toeplitz matrix method. This article analyzes the feasibility of converting the manifold matrix of a virtual domain constructed from a physical array into a real-valued matrix, and the unitary estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance technique is introduced to transform the equivalent received signal rearranged Toeplitz
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Adoption of the Software-Defined Perimeter (SDP) Architecture for Infrastructure as a Service Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-10-26 Jaspreet Singh; Ahmed Refaey; Juanita Koilpillai
The use of cloud Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) for enterprise applications is at an all-time high and is charted to continue growing to approximately 73% by 2022. IaaS suffers from several security concerns, such as hypervisor hijacking, virtual machine (VM) hopping, and account hijacking. With such a large percentage of enterprise traffic on the cloud, a strong security framework is demanded
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Real-Time Event Handling and Preemptive Hardware RTOS Scheduling on a Custom CPU Implementation Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-10-26 Ionel Zagan; Vasile Gheorghiţă Găitan
The rapid evolution of field-programmable gate array (FPGA) devices has strongly influenced both the design methodology and development tools. This article describes an original implementation based on a hardware structure used for static and dynamic task scheduling. The proposed custom processor has hardware-implemented RTOS (HW-RTOS) features and is verified using an FPGA circuit. The solution replaces
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Implementation of Ultrahigh-Speed Decimators Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-09-17 Mohammed Shoukry; Fayez Gebali; Panajotis Agathoklis
Traditionally, the data rate of a digital signal processing system is bound by the processing speed. In this article, a formal approach for overcoming this limitation and allowing high-data-rate applications to run on relatively slow processors is presented. This approach allows the time sampling period to be much shorter than the time required to process an input sample; in effect, an ultrahigh-speed
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An Adaptive Nonsingular Terminal Sliding Mode Control for Bidirectional DC–DC Converter in Hybrid Energy Storage Systems Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-09-09 Zhumu Fu; Yongqiang Wang; Fazhan Tao; Pengju Si
In order to improve transient response and robust tracking performance, an adaptive nonsingular terminal sliding mode control (ANTSMC) strategy is developed for bidirectional dc–dc converter (BDC) of hybrid energy storage systems (HESSs). By using the adaptive rules, the estimated values of load variations, external input voltage, input current, and output voltage can be obtained. Then, the voltage
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Design Consideration to Achieve Wide-Speed-Range Operation in a Switched Reluctance Motor Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-09-09 Jiayi Fan; YongKeun Lee
This article introduces a concept to extend the base speed of a switched reluctance motor (SRM) from the perspective of the motor’s design. Conventionally, designs prioritize a high saliency of SRM in order to produce more torque with the same current. However, the speed range is limited in the conventional design. The back EMF is the key factor that restricts the speed of the SRM from further increasing
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Fetal ECG Extraction Using Input-Mode and Output-Mode Adaptive Filters With Blind Source Separation Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-09-09 Luay Yassin Taha; Esam Abdel-Raheem
This article presents two new approaches of fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) signal (FECG) separation using the input-mode adaptive filter (IMAF) and the output-mode adaptive filter (OMAF). Both approaches use the recursive least-squares (RLS) and the least-mean-squares (LMS) algorithms and a single-reference-generation block. In the IMAF, the filter’s primary input is connected directly to the abdominal
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Noncoherent Distributed Beamforming in Decentralized Two-Way Relay Networks Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-09-09 Samer Alabed
Many noncoherent distributed strategies for cooperative sensor networks that do not require channel knowledge at any antenna to overcome the overhead involved in channel estimation are lately suggested; however, these strategies suffer from low system performance in terms of bit error rate (BER) and a comparably high decoding complexity. Differential beamforming strategies have recently been proposed
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A New TCAM Architecture for IP Routing With Update Complexity Equal to O(1) Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-08-21 Reza Avazeh; Nasser Yazdani
Ternary content addressable memories (TCAMs) have a lookup complexity of O(1). They require just one memory access to find an entry. For this reason, they are widely used in core routers of the Internet to achieve high packet forwarding capacities in terms of several 100 Gb/s. However, in a TCAM, the routing table needs to be stored in a sorted order according to the prefix length of the entries. Therefore
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Liquid Metal Reconfigurable Patch Antenna for Linear, RH, and LH Circular Polarization With Frequency Tuning Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-08-21 Arcesio Arbelaez; Ian Goode; Juan Gomez-Cruz; Carlos Escobedo; Carlos E. Saavedra
A microstrip circular patch antenna with frequency and polarization reconfigurability using liquid metal is presented. The antenna has a C-shaped slot cut at the center of the patch and reconfigurability is achieved using two putty containers and liquid metal to switch between four different states. Linear polarization (LP) is observed at 5.83 GHz when there is no liquid metal inside the containers
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Automatic and Simultaneous Floorplanning and Placement in Field-Programmable Gate Arrays With Dynamic Partial Reconfiguration Based on Genetic Algorithm Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-08-21 Ali Sadeghi; Mina Zolfy Lighvan; Paolo Prinetto
Using dynamic partial reconfiguration (DPR) feature in field-programmable gate array (FPGA) systems seems inevitable by considering the tremendous benefits, such as reduced cost and power. Nowadays, manual floorplanning is one of the difficulties in implementing DPR systems, which relies on the designer’s views and his command over designing the concepts for arranging the modules on the physical layout
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UFleSe: User-Friendly Parametric Framework for Expressive Flexible Searches Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-08-21 Mohammad Halim Deedar; Susana Muñoz-Hernández
We present a parametric framework (UFleSe) with a user-friendly interface having a search engine that enables regular users (without the need of neither technical nor theoretical knowledge) to define their fuzzy concepts, rules, similarity relations, synonyms, antonyms, and personalizing their definitions for different users, and to link them with the crisp database fields for performing flexible,
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Four-Channel Buck Converter in Asymmetrical Continuous Current Conduction Mode Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-08-21 Lilla Litvani; Janos Hamar
This article is concerned with the asymmetrical control strategies of a four-channel dc/dc buck converter in the continuous current conduction mode (CCM). The converter has two input and four output channels. Energy equations of the converter are studied, and asymmetry of input voltages, output voltages, and loads are examined in the CCM. The proposed control strategy allows us to directly control
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Formulation of BLE Throughput Based on Node and Link Parameters Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-08-21 F. John Dian; Reza Vahidnia
We present a novel scheme to formulate the throughput and the average number of successfully transmitted packets in a multinode Bluetooth low-energy (BLE) platform during each connection event. In this scheme, the wireless link is considered to be error prone which leads to the existence of uncorrelated bit error. Our proposed scheme considers factors that cause a connection event to close. The effect
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A Novel Average Torque Control of Switched Reluctance Motor Based on Flux–Current Locus Control Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-08-21 Jiayi Fan; Yongkeun Lee
This article develops a novel average torque control (ATC) scheme for switched reluctance (SR) motor on the basis of a brand-new microstep flux–current locus controller. The proposed ATC is based on the calculation of the average torque from the converted mechanical energy that can be illustrated as an enclosed area in a flux–current plane. It has the superior advantage that it is able to control the
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Guest Editorial Special Issue on CCECE 2019 Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-08-11 M. S. Shehata; Ahmed Refaey; Yang Shi
Welcome to a Special Issue of the IEEE Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, which presents some of the top articles (in extended form) from the Canadian Conference of Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE 2019) held in Edmonton, AB, Canada, May 5–8, 2019. This conference was hosted by the Northern Canada Section, with four technical sponsors (IEEE Canada, IEEE Northern Canada
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A Study of Dimensionality Reduction Impact on an Approach to People Detection in Gigapixel Images Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-08-11 Cristiane B. R. Ferreira; Fabrizzio A. A. M. N. Soares; Helio Pedrini; Neil Bruce; William D. Ferreira; Gelson da Cruz
Digital images are found in several sizes and are easily displayed on a computer screen using techniques that can reduce their dimensions. Moreover, algorithms are used to process images to perform several tasks, for instance, detection of people. Recently, gigapixel images emerged, providing a huge amount of data; however, algorithms for people detection have been usually tested only on regular size
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Testing Methodology for a GF(2) Coprocessor Méthodologie de test pour un coprocesseur GF(2) Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-08-11 Richard J. Tervo
A custom hardware coprocessor is described to improve the efficiency of applications using arithmetic in the Galois field GF(2) and the extension fields GF( $2^{m}$ ). The evaluation of such processor enhancements requires a variety of test exercises based on GF(2) arithmetic. Various test procedures are presented, which leverage the properties of finite fields to exercise the GF(2) arithmetic coprocessor
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Threshold-Based Induction Motors Single- and Multifaults Diagnosis Using Discrete Wavelet Transform and Measured Stator Current Signal Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-08-11 Mohammad Zawad Ali; Xiaodong Liang
In this article, a threshold-based induction motor fault diagnosis method is proposed using the measured stator current signal. A 0.25-HP three-phase squirrel-cage induction motor fed directly online is tested in the laboratory with various single- and multielectrical faults under six different loading conditions. The discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is chosen as the signal processing technique for
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Design and Performance Evaluation for a New Power Pad in Electric Vehicles Wireless Charging Systems Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-08-11 Muhammad Sifatul Alam Chowdhury; Xiaodong Liang
The introduction of wireless charging systems for electric vehicles (EVs) is a revolutionary step in the field of electrified transportation. Misalignments between transmitting and receiving power pads significantly affect the overall power transfer efficiency of an EV wireless charging system. In this article, a new power pad named “double D circular” (DDC) is designed. To evaluate the proposed DDC
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Real-Time Modeling and Testing of Distance Protection Relay Based on IEC 61850 Protocol Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-08-11 Atieh Delavari; Patrice Brunelle; Chuma Francis Mugombozi
This article contributes to the evaluation of the performance and the precision of the IEC 61850 protocol implementation for real-time simulation. The importance of this study stems from two facts. First, the simulation is a required stage of any design process including that of an IEC 61850 model of utilities, which may include an automation system from two or more vendors. Second, verification of
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Conical Swiss Roll Metamaterial Application for Slow-Light Waveguides Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-08-11 Somayeh Komeylian; Farah Mohammadi
The framework for designing and fabricating a slow-light waveguide structure with conical Swiss roll metamaterial core at Terahertz frequencies has been carried out in this article. In the earliest work, theoretical backgrounds based on Maxwell’s equations have been developed for anisotropic single-negative permeability slab waveguides and anisotropic metamaterial slab waveguides. Subsequently, simulation
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Neural Network Music Genre Classification Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-08-11 Nikki Pelchat; Craig M. Gelowitz
Music genre classification utilizing neural networks (NNs) has achieved some limited success in recent years. Differences in song libraries, machine learning techniques, input formats, and types of NNs implemented have all had varying levels of success. This article reviews some of the machine learning techniques utilized in this area. It also presents research work on music genre classification. The
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Decentralized Identifiers and Verifiable Credentials for Smartphone Anticounterfeiting and Decentralized IMEI Database Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-08-11 Ahmad Sghaier Omar; Otman Basir
The smartphone industry is lucrative for device counterfeiting with over 1.5 billion devices sold annually in the last three years. In 2017, it is estimated that there were around 184 million counterfeit devices, valued at 45.3 billion EUR, 12.9% of total sales. Beyond its economic impact, smartphone counterfeiting affects various aspects of user security and privacy, harms manufacturer reputation
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Decision-Based Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Using Random Medium-Access Sequential Reporting Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-08-11 Ahmed A. Ahmed; Ala Abu Alkheir; Hussein T. Mouftah
Sequential reporting has the potential of reducing the duration of the reporting phase of the cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) schemes, thereby increasing the overall system throughput. In this article, we study decision-based CSS using random medium-access sequential reporting and a K-out-of-M decision rule at the fusion center. Closed-form expressions are derived for the detection and false alarm
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The Weather Impact on Heating and Air Conditioning With Smart Thermostats Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-08-11 Michal Aibin
These days, the majority of devices are connected to the Internet of Things. One of the areas that need further research is the smart thermostats’ operation. In this article, we perform an analysis of efficient household heating and air conditioning with smart thermostats. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first article that correlates real data from the smart thermostats and weather to predict
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A BMC Analog and Digital PHY for USB Type-C Power Delivery Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-08-11 Siamak Delshadpour; Abhijeet Kulkarni; Xu Zhang
A Type-C biphase mark code (BMC) transceiver in 0.14- $\mu \text{m}$ CMOS technology is presented. The analog PHY in combination with digital PHY supports BMC data for USB power delivery (PD) negotiations through a Type-C cable. It compensates for signal-level loss and duty cycle distortion due to ground shifting at both ends of a Type-C cable. Analog receiver includes a BMC squelch detector decision-making
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Extracting OLAP Cubes From Document-Oriented NoSQL Database Based on Parallel Similarity Algorithms Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-02-07 Farnaz Davardoost; Amin Babazadeh Sangar; Kambiz Majidzadeh
Today, the relational database is not suitable for data management due to the large variety and volume of data which are mostly untrusted. Therefore, NoSQL has attracted the attention of companies. Despite it being a proper choice for managing a variety of large volume data, there is a big challenge and difficulty in performing online analytical processing (OLAP) on NoSQL since it is schema-less. This
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Reversible-Enhanced Stego Block Chaining Image Steganography: A Highly Efficient Data Hiding Technique Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-01-28 Sahib Khan; Muhammad Abeer Irfan; Arslan Arif; Arslan Ali; Zain Anwer Memon; Aleem Khaliq
The secure exchange of secret information is one of the most important challenges in the era of modern communication. To address the issue and establish secure communication, various techniques have been developed. Transmitting secret information in a hidden manner is one of the numerous possible solutions. It can be used to transmit secret information, hidden in other media called cover medium. However
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Design of SH Aging Sensor for Real Time and Application in Sensing Network Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-01-28 Zhang Yuejun; Luan Zhicun; Ding Dailu; Wang Pengjun; Li Zhen; Li Liwei
One of the most important issues in deep nanoscale regime CMOS circuits is related to the time-dependent performance degradation caused by negative bias temperature instability (NBTI). The integration of online aging sensor is becoming attractive methodologies in monitoring performance degradation of circuit. The sensor can generate a warning signal, early warning of the occurrence of aging faults
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On-Chip CMOS Self-Decoupling Battery Cell System for Security Protection Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-01-28 Radu Muresan
This article presents an effective on-chip power analysis attack countermeasure based on a new CMOS self-decoupling battery cell system that uses a self-decoupling circuit. The self-decoupling circuit dynamically controls an on-chip virtual power supply point, V ddv , that can be used to power security-sensitive modules. The circuit automatically decouples an on-chip CMOS battery cell from powering
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Fluidically Reconfigurable MIMO Antenna With Pattern Diversity for Sub-6-GHz 5G Relay Node Applications Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-01-28 Aditya Singh; Carlos E. Saavedra
A four-element frequency reconfigurable and pattern diverse multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna array for fifth-generation relay node applications is presented to operate in LTE bands 42 (3400-3600 MHz), 43 (3600-3800 MHz), and 46 (5150-5925 MHz). A planar microstrip line-fed monopole antenna is utilized as the MIMO element. The antenna relies on fluidic reconfiguration mechanism to either
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A Simple and Fast Solution for Fault Simulation Using Approximate Parallel Critical Path Tracing Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2020-01-28 Ahmad Ehteram; Hossein Sabaghian-Bidgoli; Hossein Ghasvari; Shaahin Hessabi
Due to the growing complexity of today's digital circuits, the speed of fault simulation has become increasingly important. Although critical path tracing (CPT) is faster than conventional methods, it is not fast enough for fault simulation of complex circuits with a large number of faults and tests. Exact stem analysis is the most important obstacle in accelerating the CPT method. The simplification
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Efficient Parallel and Serial Systolic Structures for Multiplication and Squaring Over GF(${2^{m}}$ ) Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2019-01-01 Atef Ibrahim
In this paper, we present efficient parallel and serial systolic structures for combined multiplication and squaring over GF( ${2^{m}}$ ). The proposed structures have the advantage of computing both modular multiplication and squaring simultaneously for fast execution of modular exponentiation. They share the same hardware components for both operations and this gives them the advantage of saving
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Effects of Contact Roughness and Trapped Free Space on Characteristics of RF-MEMS Capacitive Shunt Switches Can. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2016-01-01 Ali Ghaffari Nejad; Javad Yavand Hasani
Down-state capacitance of RF-MEMS switches is considerably affected by the interface irregularities and the free space trapped between the contacting surfaces of a MEMS switch. Self-affine fractal model can be used to describe different growth and deposition techniques like thermal evaporation and MBE. Based on this concept, we have developed a model that incorporates effects of the trapped free space