The scope of cyber security becomes wider and wider with time and cyber threats rapidly change. This strongly impacts the performance of companies whose success heavily depends on the health of the underlying network infrastructure. The ability to have a clear understanding of the security exposure of a network in its entirety hence becomes part of the mission of such companies. In this work we present

The substance security of computerized images ends up being a huge issue for researchers and architects. Thus, it is important to obscure and conceal image data before an impart over the web for security. Due to the operational strength of the matrix algebra M(2,F2[u]〈u8〉) and a unique attempt on a 4D chaotic map, this study recommends novel multiple colored image encryption techniques. This technique

Cloud storage services are top-rated, but there are often concerns about the security of the files there stored. Clouds-of-clouds or multi-clouds are being explored in order to improve that security. The idea is to store the files in several clouds, ensuring integrity and availability. Confidentiality, however, is obtained by encrypting the files with block ciphers that do not provide provable security

In this paper, we propose a highly accurate, fully secure document similarity search (FSDS) scheme that makes use of both a novel variant of the secure K-NN algorithm and somewhat homomorphic encryption (SWHE). The scheme provides data, query and search pattern privacy and is amenable to access pattern privacy. We provide formal security analyzes of both the original and the new secure K-NN algorithms

Using simple image and video editing software it is relatively easy to pirate the digital contents at the cost of huge revenue loss to the content owner. Entertainment is the key industry that is overwhelmed by huge financial loss due to digital piracy. WhatsApp, Facebook, Instagram, Pinterest and Twitter are some of the massive social media platforms that are used by millions of users. Many of the

Traditional image watermarking algorithms directly modify the host image by watermark embedding, which is hard to balance the contradiction between the robustness and imperceptibility. Inspired by the human brain’s associative memory, this paper proposes a non-embedding and blind image watermarking algorithm via mapping based Residual Convolution Neural Network (Mapping-based RCNN). For preprocessing

Currently, encryption (such as the Transport Layer Security protocol) is used by increasingly more network applications to protect their security and privacy, while it also benefits network attackers who can encrypt their traffic to evade detection. The detection of malicious encrypted traffic is becoming a critical task for cyber security. To accomplish this task, researchers have proposed several

Malware detection and classification are becoming more and more challenging, given the complexity of malware design and the recent advancement of communication and computing infrastructure. The existing malware classification approaches enable reverse engineers to better understand their patterns and categorizations, and to cope with their evolution. Moreover, new compositions analysis methods have

Modern industrial systems are enriched by cyber–physical devices and interconnections with business processes that enable flexible production, remote monitoring, control and maintenance. These systems are typically subject to multiple authorities which must cooperate with each other, as in the case of segmented industrial environments and supply chains. In similar contexts, voluntary or unintentional

A novel hybrid permutation substitution-based color image encryption scheme is presented. The permutation is desirable property to have which make any security system diffusing. In present article, permutation is applied through p-box. The substitution process is also vital because it create confusion. In presented work substitution is applied through S-p-box. 3D mixed chaotic map is utilized to make

We propose a cryptographic technique for an authenticated, end-to-end verifiable and secret ballot election. Currently, almost all verifiable e-voting systems require trusted authorities to perform the tallying process except for the DRE-i and DRE-ip systems. We have shown a weakness of the DRE-ip system and proposed a solution. We propose a secure and verifiable voter registration and authentication

To enhance the consensus performance of Blockchain in the Green Internet of Things (G-IoT) and improve the static network structure and communication overheads in the Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) consensus algorithm, in this paper, we propose a Credit Reinforce Byzantine Fault Tolerance (CRBFT) consensus algorithm by using reinforcement learning. The CRBFT algorithm divides the nodes

Distributed denial of service attacks are prominent cyber attacks for the last many years. Cloud computing environments are emerging as a common service deployment alternative. At the same time, the cloud is also emerging as an important target for DDoS attacks. DDoS attacks exhaust the resources of the target server to deny the service for benign users. Cloud platforms may also use the container as

The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is a network of connections between a medical information system and medical equipment. Fog computing for IoMT is a model for extending cloud computing and medical services to the edge of the network, but the conventional fog computing model does not support some necessary features, such as device-to-device (D2D) communications for the effective exchange of data

The Web spam identification problem can be modeled as an instance of the conventional classification problem. Web spams aim at deceiving web crawlers by advertising certain Web pages through elevation of their page rankings superficially than their actual weights. Web spams are intended to produce fraudulent results of web search queries and degenerate the client’s experience by directing users to

Fog Computing (FC) is a paradigm that offers centralized cloud computing services to the proximity of a device, i.e., at the edge for fast, secure, efficient, and reliable processing. Although FC offers many benefits, but it is not ideally suitable for various mission-critical applications such as healthcare, autonomous vehicle, connected cars, and unmanned aerial vehicles. To overcome the aforementioned

The concept of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) has attracted the attention of many sectors such as the automotive industry, academia, engineering, etc., offering a wide variety of benefits, such as reduced congestion, safer driving, and less pollution. However, since the deployment of IoT based devices is in an open field, the IoV environments can be a vital issue in the absence of security protections

Blockchain is the technology on the basis of the recent smart and digital contracts. It ensures at this system the required characteristics to be effectively applied. In this work, we propose a novel encryption scheme specifically built to authorize and sign transactions in digital or smart contracts. The face is used as a biometric key, encoded through the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), FaceNet

Automatic facial recognition is fast becoming a reliable method for identifying individuals. Due to its reliability and unobtrusive nature facial recognition has been widely deployed in law enforcement and civilian application. Recent implementations of facial recognition systems on public cloud computing infrastructures have raised strong concerns regarding an individual's privacy. In this paper,

Hundreds of image encryption schemes based on the conventional 2D image space exist in the literature. Very few were built using the 3D image space. In this study, for better security, we present a new RGB (color image) encryption scheme based on the Dynamic 3D scrambled image (D3DSI), 5D multi-wing-hyperchaotic-system and DNA computing. After providing a color image as input, its three components

With the widespread popularity of the Internet and the transformation of the world into a global village, Web applications have been drawn increased attention over the years by companies, organizations, and social media, making it a prime target for cyber-attacks. The cross-site scripting attack (XSS) is one of the most severe concerns, which has been highlighted in the forefront of information security

Vehicle to Grid (V2G) networks are facing many security problems, such as privacy protection and identity authentication for electric vehicle (EV) users. To solve these problems of identity authentication in V2G networks, we propose a charging identity authentication scheme based on fog computing in this paper. In our proposed scheme, when each EV user finished his registration, all related servers

Owing to some special characteristics and features, blockchain is a very useful technique that can securely organize diverse devices in a smart city. It finds wide applications, especially in distributed environments, where entities such as wireless sensors need to be certain of the authenticity of the server. As contemporary blockchain techniques that address post-quantum concerns have not been designed

A network intrusion detection system (NIDS) is a solution that mitigates the threat of attacks on a network. The success of a NIDS depends on the success of its algorithm and the performance of its method in recognizing attacks. We propose a deep learning intrusion detection system (IDS) using a pretraining approach with deep autoencoder (PTDAE) combined with a deep neural network (DNN). Models were

Data flow control for security is a mature research area in computer security, and its established results can be adapted to the newer area of data security in the Internet of things or the Cloud. This paper takes a fundamental approach to the problem. It shows that, under reflexivity and transitivity assumptions, any network of communicating entities can be seen as a partial order of equivalence classes

Nowadays with the fast development of IT’s technologies, new services and applications improved people’s daily life. They are supported by tons of devices that are continuously sharing huge and heterogeneous data. In this challenging scenario, security issues are increasing and several threats arise where network communications and systems are targeted for attacks. In order to counteract against them

We propose two hardware architectures for the modular multiplication over a finite field Fp using the Adapted Modular Number System (AMNS). We present their optimized implementations, with low latency.

Since the inception of pixel value differencing (PVD) image steganography, it has drawn considerable interest among the researchers of this field. However, most of the PVD based techniques suffer from either falling-off boundary problem (FOBP) or incorrect extraction problem (IEP). Therefore, to address these two issues, this paper proposes a multi-directional pixel value differencing and modulus function

The globalization of the modern world has highly affected the network communication. For the communication mostly closed and centralized systems are used which sometimes causes privacy problems. The associated systems cannot meet the integrity and transparency aspects of the information security. One such framework is “community research applications”. The existing communication frameworks for community

Cloud storage services have grown extensively in recent years. For privacy and security purposes, outsourced data must be encrypted. Therefore, searching the encrypted cloud-stored data is a big challenge. Although there are plenty of searchable encryption schemes, most rely on keywords located in the encrypted data instead of more complex searching criteria. Moreover, they do not consider the malicious

The remarkable growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) has given rise to application areas where it is crucial to secure the endpoints, to guarantee users privacy and even safety. In this context, secure group communication among low-cost devices is a fundamental and challenging research question. Namely, the limited computational resources of nodes, uncertain periods of connectivity, and potentially

With the rapid development of drone technology, drones are frequently used in all aspects of urban safety, such as emergency disaster monitoring, public safety monitoring, traffic monitoring, violation monitoring and so on, which further speeds up the pace of smart city construction. For small and medium-sized cities, the cost of buying drone is too high, and renting drone is more cost-effective. However

Microfluidic biochips or lab-on-a-chip systems are controlled by the actuation sequences designed for some specific bioprotocols. Different attacks specifically, hardware Trojans in diagnostic kits like microfluidic biochips can jeopardize the healthcare industries. As the actuation sequence is also a piece of information, which can be altered by hardware Trojans, man-in-the-middle attacks, etc., it

We propose a new bilateral generalization inhomogeneous short integer solution (Bi-GISIS)-based key exchange protocol with reusable key feature for post-quantum IoT security. It is aimed to reduce the time consumption in the key generation of key exchange protocols to be used in IoT devices. To obtain reusable key, we define modified bilateral pasteurization in the random oracle model. By ensuring

This paper proposes a lightweight and low energy encryption algorithm to secure voice traffic over wireless networks. The proposed algorithm meets the requirements of voice traffic and is suitable for wireless devices. It is capable to reduce the execution time and power consumption of the encryption process compared with the state of the art standard algorithm and at the same time maintains the desired

Secret sharing of (k,n)-threshold is naturally used to assist in security-assurance applications in smart systems. It can ensure a high level of data security and reliability. Most of existing secret sharing schemes are employing interpolating polynomial or Chinese remainder theorem, while the hyperplane geometry of Blakley’ s scheme has not been widely used. One of the reasons is that the hyperplane

Data outsourcing has become a popular application. Searchable encryption (SE) can provide data retrievability as well as keep data privacy. In the threat model of SE schemes, the cloud server is usually assumed to be Honest-But-Curious, but this may not be true in reality. The blockchain-based SE makes malicious cloud servers dare not to deviate from the protocol, and search results are validated by

Revocation and renewal of access rights of users are desirable requirements of a practical access control solution. Recently, key-aggregate cryptosystems have attracted significant attention of the research community, due to their elegance and efficiency, as a tool for access control enforcement. However, key-aggregate encryption schemes proposed so far in the literature are suitable only for enforcing

Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) data is collected by publicly available sources to be used by intelligence contexts among which Threat Intelligence Platforms (TIPs) are the main consumers. These platforms help organizations aggregate, correlate, and analyze threat data from multiple sources in real-time to support defensive actions. However, considering the unstructured nature of the collected data

Broadcast encryption with dealership (BED) introduced by Gritti et al. (2015) is a proficient cryptographic primitive which involves a third party called as a dealer and creates a business opportunity for the dealer in broadcast services. Designing a BED is a tough task due to its various security requirements. Existing BED of Gritti et al. (2015). requires to get the user’s response to detect a dishonest

Blockchain application and cyber-physical systems play a crucial role to modernize the traditional industrial process, technical procedures, and business models. It uses frame resilient and smart contracts to reduce the complexities of service costs. The blockchain applications associate the key features such as self-verification, and self-integrity to eliminate the role of trusted third parties access

Over the last decade, secure multi-party computation (MPC) has made a great stride from a major theoretical area to the multi-functional tool for building privacy protection applications. At EUROCRYPT’18, Keller et al. presented MPC protocol LowGear based on semi-homomorphic (addition-only) encryption. Due to its superior performance and high availability, LowGear has drew a lot of attention from industry

Smart home is a latest technology in the field of Internet of Things (IoT) through which one can manage the smart devices at home using internet. This communication takes place via insecure channel which makes it vulnerable to many attacks. Hence, a secure authentication protocol is required to transfer sensitive data within smart home. Recently Shuai et al. have designed two factor user authentication

Public-key encryption with keyword search (PEKS), proposed by Boneh et al. (2004), allows users to search encrypted keywords without losing data privacy. Although extensive studies have been conducted on this topic, only a few have focused on insider-keyword-guessing attacks (IKGA) that can reveal a user’s sensitive information. In particular, after receiving a trapdoor used to search ciphertext from

Recently, there is an exponential increase in the multimedia and other data over the Internet of Things (IoT). This data is generally send to the cloud for processing and storage. The fog layer in-between readily bridges communication among the IoT devices and the cloud. It delivers services efficiently by computing and analyzing various multimedia information generated by the IoT devices residing

Fuzzy extractor provides a way for key generation from biometrics and other noisy data. It has been widely applied in biometric authentication systems that provides natural and passwordless user authentication. In general, given a random sample, a fuzzy extractor extracts a nearly uniform random string, and subsequently regenerates the string using a different yet similar noisy sample. However, due

In this paper, we propose a solution supporting the correct description of UAVs cooperation architectures and their reconfigurations. This solution is based on a graph transformation system that defines rules for changing UAVs cooperation architecture while being in conformance to an architectural style. An architecture instance is considered correct, if its corresponding graph can be generated by

Hash functions have always attracted a lot of attention in modern cryptography because of their hard to invert nature. However, all previous constructions of cryptographic primitives face the threat of being broken by the recent advancements in quantum technology. The focus has thus shifted to developing cryptographic primitives on mathematical structures such as lattices that are intractable by quantum

Reversible data hiding (RDH) subtly alter the cover image for embedding the secret data, after extracting the secret data, the cover image can also be completely restored. In this work, we propose a novel RDH scheme based on Exploiting Modification Direction (EMD) with dual images. The characteristics of EMD matrix is exploited, one secret bit and a base-5 digit can be concealed in a cover pixel to

Underground hacker forums serve as an online social platform for hackers to communicate and spread hacking techniques and tools. In these forums, a lot of latest information indirectly or directly affects cyberspace security, thereby threatening the assets of enterprises or individuals. Therefore, social media such as hacker forums and twitter have a great impact on the cybersecurity area. In recent

Due to the rapid development of application for medical images in recent years, the security of medical images becomes more vital. In this paper, a fragile watermarking scheme for medical images is proposed. The proposed scheme first divides the whole medical image into ROI (Regions of Interest) and RONI (Regions of Non-interest). Then the JPEG-LS algorithm is applied to ROI to get the compressed data

Blockchain has penetrated numerous domains such as, industries, government agencies, online voting, and healthcare, etc. Among these domains, healthcare is one of the trending and most important one, which consists of a control system and an Electronic Health Records (EHRs). Diabetes is one of the most rapidly growing chronic diseases that increases the death ratio across the globe. This paper presents

Due to the number of constraints and the dynamic nature of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET), effective information exchange always remains a difficult task. Management of various load control parameters between the different nodes of the urban VANET (UVANET) network makes the optimization is difficult. In this work, we use a multi-objective problem that takes the parameters of our algorithm based

The acceleration of cyber-attacks in recent years has negatively impacted the overall performance of organizations around the world. Organizations face the challenge of enhancing their cyber security to prevent and combat cyber-attacks, but studies of factors impacting the cyber security awareness/readiness of organizations from a holistic perspective are lacking. This study adopts the Technology-

In recent years, image encryption has become a very popular and effective method to protect digital images. Among many image encryption methods, the image encryption algorithm based on chaotic map has extensive application and profound theoretical basis. In this paper, a novel image encryption algorithm is proposed by combining chaotic map with Josephus problem. The whole encryption process adopts

Nowadays, Internet of Things (IoT)-based E-healthcare represents an emergent research field due to the fast development of wireless technologies and cloud computing. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is an integral technology in IoT thanks to its low cost and autonomous data collection and transfer. These features made it useful in Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) for healthcare applications.

The proliferation and application of machine learning-based Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) have allowed for more flexibility and efficiency in the automated detection of cyber attacks in Industrial Control Systems (ICS). However, the introduction of such IDSs has also created an additional attack vector; the learning models may also be subject to cyber attacks, otherwise referred to as Adversarial