In this study, the dynamic response of a concrete-filled tapered Fiber Reinforced polymer (FRP) tube pile, embedded in a transversely isotropic viscoelastic medium, undergoing axial vibration is investigated. The soil adjacent to the pile comprises of an inner nonlinear zone and an outer linear viscoelastic zone. The tapered pile is discretized into small elements, and the displacements and stress

We propose visual variation learning to improve object recognition with convolutional neural networks (CNN). While a typical CNN regard visual variations as nuisances and marginalizes them from the data, we speculate that some variations are informative. We study the impact of visual variation as an auxiliary task, during training only, on classification and similarity embedding problems. To train

Abstract In this paper, an advanced low-order solid–shell formulation is presented for modeling electro-active polymers (EAPs). This advanced finite element is of great importance due to the fact that EAPs actuators are typically designed as shell-like formations, in which the application of standard finite element formulation will lead to various locking pathologies (e.g. shear locking, trapezoidal

To investigate the crack propagation and failure mechanisms of brittle materials in the Brazilian tests, an acoustic emission (AE) simulation was implemented in the Discrete Element Method. AE location and magnitude were monitored during the whole process of the simulation to detailedly observe crack initiation and associated AE evolution. Moment tensors were directly calculated by the forces and motions

The light rail is gaining relevance within cities’ transportation networks due to its adequate balance among sustainability, economic and safety factors. Nevertheless, there is still a gap for improvement in those factors through the optimisation of rolling stock maintenance strategies. The development of new and more flexible maintenance strategies at proper indenture levels will aid to improve the

This paper reports a novel approach that uses transistor aging in an integrated circuit (IC) to detect hardware Trojans. When one reduces the supply voltage of a transistor from an initial higher voltage to a smaller voltage, it causes short term aging in the transistor. When stressing the transistor, the higher supply voltage produces a larger aging-induced threshold voltage. Transition of the supply

Deployment of deep neural networks for applications that require very high throughput or extremely low latency is a severe computational challenge, further exacerbated by inefficiencies in mapping the computation to hardware. We present a novel method for designing neural network topologies that directly map to a highly efficient FPGA implementation. By exploiting the equivalence of artificial neurons

Several emerging technologies for byte-addressable non-volatile memory (NVM) have been considered to replace DRAM as the main memory in computer systems during the last years. The disadvantage of a lower write endurance, compared to DRAM, of NVM technologies like Phase-Change Memory (PCM) or Ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) has been addressed in the literature. As a solution, in-memory wear-leveling techniques

Abstract An efficient micromechanical methodology is developed for tailoring elastic and thermal properties of random heterogeneous materials. The methodology involves three steps: (i) statistical reconstruction based on the two-point correlation function (TPCF), (ii) thermomechanical homogenization, and (iii) optimization. The method relies on the tailoring the state of anisotropy of the microstructure

Many combinatorial problems addressed in the literature are modeled using binary matrices. It is often of interest to verify whether these matrices hold the consecutive ones property (C1P), which implies that there exists a permutation of the columns of the matrix such that all nonzero elements can be placed contiguously, forming a unique 1-block in every row. The minimization of the number of 1-blocks

The applicability of the classic Terzaghi or Biot effective stress laws to fractured rocks is not clear. Based on discrete element models, bulk modulus method and equivalent strain method are presented to determine the effective stress coefficient of saturated fractured rocks, and were examined with the regular fracture network I. Two types of discrete fracture networks, including regular and random

When new metro tunnels undercrossing existing tunnels, deformation is inevitably caused in the stratum and the existing structures. However, the calculation results by conventional prediction methods often bring large errors compared to measured or simulated data because the complex influences of the stiffness of existing structures is always neglected. According to the equivalent layered method, an

System reliability analyses are necessary for geosynthetic reinforced soil slopes because of the uncertainties associated with design parameters and complicated interaction between geosynthetic reinforcements and soil. This paper presents a new method for system reliability analysis of reinforced soil slopes considering local failures of reinforcements based on total probability rule with a typical

Network monitoring has become increasingly popular in the area of statistical process control due to its wide applications in fraud detection, corporate management and political behavioral analysis. This paper focuses on the cases where the communication pattern is significant while changes in specific nodes are negligible. Commonly-encountered patterns are featured by the density, reciprocity, degree

In manufacturing scheduling, sustainability concerns that raise from the service-oriented performance criteria have seldom been studied in the literature. This study aims to fill this gap in the literature by integrating the different energy consumption levels at the operational level. Since energy-efficient scheduling ideas have recently been increasing its popularity in industry due to the need for

Inland waterway disruptions may interrupt barge navigation, resulting in significant economic and environmental consequences. Disruption response reroutes disrupted barges to accessible terminals to offload cargo water to land transportation. We investigate how to redirect disrupted barges and prioritize offloading at terminals to minimize the total cargo value loss during inland waterway disruption

Motivated by urban land scarcity and surging demand, the underground space has become a frontier domain for future city logistics industry. The Underground Logistics System (ULS) is a sustainable option to overcome traffic congestion while improving freight transport efficiency. This study presents a comprehensive layout design and facility planning method for the two-echelon urban ULS network with

In today’s world, it is possible to easily utilize positive and negative effects of neighbors on a social network to maximize diffusion of a novel product and profit of the seller. Hence, this paper aims to introduce a new mathematical model for pricing of a product in non-competitive environment having multiple goals. The proposed model is designed while there are a monopole seller and several heterogeneous

Globally growing demand for healthcare has highlighted increasing requirements for healthcare management. Healthcare management is complex, and multi-faceted, with many stakeholders, all of whose opinions require consideration. Multi-criteria group decision making is thus necessary for effective healthcare decision making. The aim of this paper is to develop a large-scale group decision making (LSGDM)

The use of third-party IP cores in implementing applications in FPGAs has given rise to the threat of malicious alterations through the insertion of hardware Trojans. To address this threat, it is important to predict the way hardware Trojans are built and to identify their weaknesses. This paper describes a logic family for implementing robust hardware Trojans, which can evade the two major detection

FPGA-based data processing in datacenters is increasing in popularity due to the demands of modern workloads and the ensuing necessity for specialization in hardware. Driven by this trend, vendors are rapidly adapting reconfigurable devices to suit data and compute intensive workloads. Inclusion of High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) in FPGA devices is a recent example. HBM promises overcoming the bandwidth

This paper presents a novel end-to-end system for pedestrian detection using Dynamic Vision Sensors (DVSs). We target applications where multiple sensors transmit data to a local processing unit, which executes a detection algorithm. Our system is composed of (i) a near-chip event filter that compresses and denoises the event stream from the DVS, and (ii) a Binary Neural Network (BNN) detection module

In this paper, we extend, analyze and evaluate the exponential multi-insertion neighborhood for the vehicle routing problem with unit demands, originally proposed by Angel et al. (2008). In this neighborhood, a neighbor solution is obtained by the removal of a set of mobile nodes from a solution and a subsequent best reinsertion. At first, we examine theoretical properties of the neighborhood, such

The Quota Travelling Salesman Problem with Passengers, Incomplete Ride, and Collection Time is a new version of the Quota Travelling Salesman Problem. In this problem, the salesman uses a flexible ridesharing system to minimize travel costs while visiting some vertices to satisfy a pre-established quota. We consider operational constraints regarding vehicle capacity, travel time, passenger limitations

Product quality depends on not only the quality effort spent during the manufacturing process but also the product manufacturability determined at the product design stage. The manufacturer (he) may keep the product design and a part of production in house and outsource some production when he encounters a large unexpected demand. In this case, he may privately own the product manufacturability information

We consider the capacitated hub-and-spoke network of a parcel courier company that consists of multiple hubs and hundreds of spokes. Parcels are collected at origin spokes, sent to hubs, sorted and consolidated on the basis of their destination spokes, and then sent to their destination spokes. Importantly, it is required that all parcels be classified based on their destination spokes at the origin

Structural dependence between components within industrial architecture implies that components structurally form a connected set (a block), and the maintenance of a component requires disassembly of some other components in order to reach it. In that way, the disassembly operations for maintenance may have a significant impact on the degradation processes of the disassembled components. The potential

This paper concerns the design of optimized single-finger keyboard layouts on smartphones. In the literature, the optimization problem associated with assigning characters to keys on a single-finger keyboard is denoted as single-finger keyboard layout problem (SK-QAP), which can be seen as a variant of the quadratic assignment problem (QAP), a classical combinatorial optimization problem. To solve

Industry 4.0 vision is bringing more challenges to quality practitioners. With advances in data acquisition systems and lowered costs, it is not uncommon in production systems to have more quality characteristics to be monitored. Once a control chart design is given, monitoring of a quality characteristic can be simplified by using a computer program that does the control statistic calculations and

Single-issue processor cores are very energy efficient but suffer from the von Neumann bottleneck, in that they must explicitly fetch and issue the loads/storse necessary to feed their ALU/FPU. Each instruction spent on moving data is a cycle not spent on computation, limiting ALU/FPU utilization to 33% on reductions. We propose "Stream Semantic Registers" to boost utilization and increase energy efficiency

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Presents a listing of the editorial board, board of governors, current staff, committee members, and/or society editors for this issue of the publication.

A new year always brings new challenges and opportunities, and 2020 is no different for the IEEE Transactions on Education. In keeping with the start of a new decade, some of the changes are quite major.

Contribution: An evaluation of the effectiveness of systems engineering (SE) courses in developing students' systems thinking (ST) capacity in both the cognitive and affective domains. A combined cognitive ST performance and affective engagement with ST assessment is proposed as an approach to assess students' ST in both domains. The results can support course change decisions and guide learning experience

Contribution: A demonstration of a move from face-to-face to blended learning in an engineering Master's program by adding a parallel online group, which showed the synergy between blended and online approaches in terms of level of interaction, enrollment, student satisfaction, dropout rate, and final grades. Background: Education's transition from traditional face-to-face learning to blended and full

Contribution: A didactic methodology, based on analytical expressions and experimental validation, to describe the process of abrupt current interruption in a series RL circuit, that considers real passive components and uses a toggle switch as disconnecting device. Background: In undergraduate courses, circuits adopted in transient analysis usually assume electrical switches in their ideal form, disregarding

Contribution: Internships designed to provide training and an initial period of contact with industry, prior to a computer science engineering capstone project, have a very positive impact on both industry and academic capstone projects. Background: Internships and capstone projects are widely used to integrate work-related learning in computer engineering curricula. Both activities offer numerous

Contribution: Portable learning instrumentation has become common in university classrooms and laboratories, but few publications assess the effects of these technologies on student retention. This paper addresses this under-researched connection between the use of portable learning technologies, incorporated into an Introduction to Computer Engineering course, and student retention. Background: The

Contribution: A rubric for assessing the systems thinking expressed in conceptual models of technological systems has been constructed and assessed using a formal methodology. The rubric, a synthesis of prior findings in science and engineering education, forms a framework for improving communication between science and engineering educators. Background: Systems thinking is an important skill in engineering

Contribution: A distinct instructional approach to laboratory activities for power system machines, based on hybrid project-based learning (h-PBL). Students develop their own laboratory procedures and explain their results. This approach creates a positive environment to improve students' problem-solving, and their control design and implementation skills. Background: Prior studies on undergraduate

Contribution: The NEWTON fabrication laboratory (Fab Lab) Education Initiative assesses the effectiveness of Fab Lab-based learning on K–12 students’ attitude toward learning science, technology, engineering, art, and mathematics (STEAM). It considers two aspects: 1) students’ motivation and affective state and 2) students’ observations and perception of Fab Lab-based learning. Background: Fab Labs

The IEEE Education Society, the IEEE Computer Society, and the American Society for Engineering Education Educational Research and Methods Division (ASEE-ERM) sponsored the 49th Frontiers in Education (FIE) Conference in Cincinnati, OH, USA, held October 16–19, 2019. Russell Meier, President of the IEEE Education Society, and James Sluss, Chair of the FIE Steering Committee, presented awards sponsored

The 2019 IEEE Educational Activities Board (EAB), chaired by IEEE Educational Activities Vice President Witold M. Kinsner, upon the recommendation of the EAB Awards and Recognition Committee (ARC) has named the recipients of the 2019 IEEE EAB Awards. EAB Awards recognize and honor individuals and companies for major contributions to engineering and technical education. Awards are given for meritorious

Presents a listing of reviewers who contributed to this publication in 2019.

These instructions give guidelines for preparing papers for this publication. Presents information for authors publishing in this journal.

The scheduling of an Agile Earth Observation Satellite (AEOS) consists of selecting and scheduling a subset of possible targets for observation in order to maximize the collected profit related to the images while satisfying its operational constraints. In this problem, a set of candidate targets for observation is given, each with a time-dependent profit and a visible time window. The exact profit

A heuristic method based on column generation is presented for the nurse rostering problem. The method differs significantly from an exact column generation approach or a branch and price algorithm because it performs an incomplete search which quickly produces good solutions but does not provide valid lower bounds. It is effective on large instances for which it has produced best known solutions on

Rockfill materials undergo additional deformation when immersed in water under constant-stress conditions. This phenomenon caused by flooding is called wetting deformation. Researchers have investigated wetting deformation via many factors through laboratory tests on scaled materials. However, the size effect on wetting deformation has seldom been studied due to the limited size of test equipment.

The three problems of cell formation (CF), cellular scheduling, and cellular layout are closely interrelated in the design of cellular manufacturing systems (CMSs) and should, therefore, be considered in an integrated structure. This paper presents a mixed-integer programming (MIP) model to examine such concurrent design by considering many design attributes, such as the machine duplication, alternative

In a business environment with strict competition among firms, accurate demand forecasting is not straightforward. In this paper, a forecasting method is proposed, which has a strong capability of predicting highly fluctuating demand data. Therefore, in this paper we propose a demand forecasting method based on multi-layer LSTM networks. The proposed method automatically selects the best forecasting

Single-stage object detectors have been widely applied in many computer vision applications due to their simpleness and high efficiency. However, the low correlation between the classification score and localization accuracy in detection results severely hurts the average precision of the detection model. To solve this problem, an IoU-aware single-stage object detector is proposed in this paper. Specifically

Economic and operational advantages have led the supply chain of printed circuit boards (PCBs) to incorporate various untrusted entities. Any of the untrusted entities are capable of introducing malicious alterations to facilitate a functional failure or leakage of secret information during field operation. While researchers have been investigating the threat of malicious modification within the scale

The increasing demand of dedicated accelerators to improve energy efficiency and performance has highlighted FPGAs as a promising option to deliver both. However, programming FPGAs in hardware description languages requires long time and effort to achieve optimal results, which discourages many programmers from adopting this technology. High Level Synthesis tools improve the accessibility to FPGAs

The bearing capacity of shallow foundations under static loads has been widely studied by various authors. In contrast, the bearing capacity under dynamic loads has been solved indirectly by adopting an equivalent pseudostatic approach or by means of reduction coefficients. The study of the problems related to cyclic loads has focused mainly on the behavior of granular soils. However, in the case of

Dynamic data envelopment analysis (dynamic DEA) measures the relative efficiency of a set of decision-making units (DMUs) in multiple time periods. Efficiency improvement through time could be measured by learning curve concept, which provides a mathematical representation of the learning process when a task repetition occurs. It is insightful to measure the learning rates of DMUs individually as well

In cloud manufacturing, manufacturing business processes are virtualized and encapsulated into manufacturing services. Enterprises can customize their manufacturing business applications on cloud manufacturing platform. To facilitate the customization, a global manufacturing business process is generally built and transformed into a feature model. However, since most global manufacturing business processes

Vertical roller mill (VRM) is a large-scale grinding equipment, which is used to grind raw materials from block/granule into powder. Due to harsh production environment and inconsistent raw material quality, VRM requires timely regulation. Currently, the regulation of VRM is manually conducted; operators make decisions based on their observation and experience, therefore the timeliness and accuracy

The present paper is aimed at showing, through a simulative approach, that the adoption of a suitable dispatching rule allows to improve the single-loop CONstant Work In Process (CONWIP) control mechanism within Make To Order (MTO) production systems, balancing the workload among the workstations, reaching a performance level that outperforms standard CONWIP and leans towards that of the corresponding

FPGAs have shown great potential in providing low-latency and energy-efficient solutions for deep neural network (DNN) inference applications. Currently, the majority of FPGA-based DNN accelerators in the cloud run in a time-division multiplexing way for multiple users sharing a single FPGA, and require re-compilation with $\sim$100 s overhead. Such designs lead to poor isolation and heavy performance