Due to using less secured and movable devices in Internet of Things (IoT) platform, cyber‐attacks have been a major issue nowadays. Different researches have been conducted to detect the probable security attacks, but faced constraints like storage, computation cost, system failure and high latency. Existing systems require continuous monitoring, controlling, and collecting the data in entire network

In recent years, electric vehicles (EVs) receive intensive attention due to their environment‐friendly nature and outstanding energy efficiency. However, there are still obstacles in EVs' popularity. Battery related issues are most concerned from users' perspective. While the evolution in battery technology may help to address the aforementioned problems eventually, other solutions are in urgent demand

Several organizations need to address the challenge to migrate current traditional monolithic applications in production to microservices, preferably, without having to schedule maintenances to take the application offline. This article presents an approach for migrating to microservices with almost zero downtime and minimal changes in the monolithic code. The approach is based on the concepts of aspect‐oriented

A significant aspect of designing new programming languages is to define their operational semantics. Working with a pen and paper version of such a semantics is notoriously difficult. For this reason, tools for computer aided semantics engineering were created. Many of these tools allow programmers to execute their language's operational semantics. An executable semantics makes it easier to verify

In recent years, cloud computing has become more popular because of advancements in virtualization technology. By increasing the number of servers in cloud computing environment, cloud data centers have expanded and consumed much energy. Virtual machine consolidation is a solution for energy management in cloud environment. On the other hand, by increasing resource utilization in virtual machine consolidation

An adaptive system can modify its settings at runtime as a response to changes in its operational environment. To analyse this kind of systems at design time is a difficult task since it requires considering the system together with the adaptation operations, and taking into account how such adaptations act on the system. In order to use simulation‐based techniques for the analysis of such systems

Measuring and estimating the reusability of software components is important towards finding reusable candidates. Researchers have shown that software metrics can be effectively used to assess software reusability. This work provides a systematic literature review to investigate the main factors that influence software reusability and how these identified factors can be quantified using software metrics

The scale of real‐world graphs is constantly growing. To deal with large‐scale graphs, distributed graph processing has attracted much research efforts. Existing distributed graph processing systems are commonly built on traditional TCP/IP communication stack, which leads to network bottleneck because of low bandwidth and heavy kernel stack operations. Meanwhile, in real power‐law graphs, the average

All‐pairs distance computation for a collection of strings is a computation‐intensive task with important applications in bioinformatics, in particular, in distance‐based phylogenetic analysis techniques. Even if the computationally efficient Hamming distance is used for this purpose, the quadratic number of sequence pairs may be challenging. We propose a number of practical algorithms for efficient

During the last decade, the mobile application market has grown steadily thanks to the massive use of smartphones and the emergence of cloud computing for offloading computation tasks and improving the quality of experience. With the more recent deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, this cloud‐based architectural design and the corresponding communication flow has been maintained. Nevertheless

Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, when adequately integrated, cater for logistics optimisation and operations' environmental impact monitoring, both key aspects for today's EU ports management. This article presents Obelisk, a scalable and multi‐tenant cloud‐based IoT integration platform used in the EU H2020 PortForward project. The landscape of IoT protocols being particularly fragmented, the

The fast pace evolving of Android malware demands for highly efficient strategy. That is, for a range of malware types, a malware detection scheme needs to be resilient and with minimum computation performs efficient and precise. In this paper, we propose Mutual Information and Feature Importance Gradient Boosting (MIFIBoost) tool that uses byte n‐gram frequency. MIFIBoost consists of four steps in

Exploiting microservices to architect enterprise applications is becoming commonplace. This makes it crucial to provide some support for designing and analyzing microservice‐based applications, for example, for understanding whether a microservice‐based application adheres to the main design principles of microservices and for choosing how to refactor it when this is not the case. To provide such support

Global schedulers are components in parallel runtime libraries that distribute the application's workload across physical resources. More often than not, applications showcase dynamic load imbalance and require customized scheduling solutions to avoid wasting resources. Some libraries lack support for user‐defined schedulers and developers resort to unofficial extensions that are harder to reuse and

The Covid‐19 pandemic has emerged as one of the most disquieting worldwide public health emergencies of the 21st century and has thrown into sharp relief, among other factors, the dire need for robust forecasting techniques for disease detection, alleviation as well as prevention. Forecasting has been one of the most powerful statistical methods employed the world over in various disciplines for detecting

As we become ever more dependent on computer systems for much of what we do, we are losing the battle with cyber criminals and suffer from poor‐quality offerings. Mission‐critical, life‐critical, and infrastructure‐critical systems should be secure, reliable, and worthy of trust. Yet, that is not our experience. Many firms complain that entry‐level software workers do not have the skills and abilities

Edge computing paradigm enables moving Internet of Things (IoT) applications from the Cloud to the edge of the network. Modern software engineering approaches are adhering to microservices to enable the deployment of such applications on edge devices. Microservices consist of the disaggregation of an application into smaller pieces that operate independently. Recent works have explored microservices

The ever‐evolving trip mode of human being leads the automobiles moving toward connected, autonomous, sharing, and electrified vehicles rapidly. But the connection introduces new cybersecurity problems on in‐vehicle networks, which poses great challenges for safety guarantee of distributed automotive cyber‐physical systems. This article first analyzes the cybersecurity vulnerabilities and defines the

The microservice application programming interface (API) becomes a growing concern in the IT industry, as a result of the increasing usage of microservice architecture style. There exist many successful practices among companies, communities, and so on. In contrast, the related academic research is still at an early stage, where lacks an overview of technologies for the design, implementation and operation

Serverless computing has rapidly grown following the launch of Amazon's Lambda platform. Function‐as‐a‐Service (FaaS) a key enabler of serverless computing allows an application to be decomposed into simple, standalone functions that are executed on a FaaS platform. The FaaS platform is responsible for deploying and facilitating resources to the functions. Several of today's cloud applications spread

In this study, we propose a caching method called RUE for dynamic large‐scale data streams. We define a data model to facilitate hot data identification and management. At the heart of RUE model is hot degree that takes into account two factors data resource utilization efficiency and reuse distance, aiming to quantitatively reflect data popularity in a dynamic data stream. Based on data's hot degree

As a popular renewable energy generation technology, wind turbine system has become a critical enabler for building the sustainable cyber‐physical system (CPS). The main shaft bearing is an important part of the wind turbine CPS and often runs under variable working conditions. Thus, the reliable bearing diagnosis method can timely discover the main shaft bearing fault, which reduces the maintenance

This article describes a style of applying symbolic model checking developed over the course of four years at Amazon Web Services (AWS). Lessons learned are drawn from proving properties of numerous C‐based systems, for example, custom hypervisors, encryption code, boot loaders, and an IoT operating system. Using our methodology, we find that we can prove the correctness of industrial low‐level C‐based

The popularity of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) kept growing over the past few decades. UAVs are widely used in various fields for monitoring, mapping, aerial photography, rescue operations, and so forth. However, the UAV navigation may be difficult in areas where global positioning systems is not available. This article presents an analytical review of the promising methods of creating a navigation

Harvesting kinetic energy from body movement is regarded as a promising rechargeable energy source for wearable devices with low‐power. Energy allocation is essential for motion‐based rechargeable devices since the great variability of energy gained from movement. Based on the realistic characteristics of an ultra‐low‐power wearable devices and our measurement observations, we propose the optimization

In model‐driven engineering (MDE) software projects, large portions of the executable code are automatically generated from designs and models. This generated code may or may not be edited by the developers to achieve their development objectives. MDE projects also include a significant amount of handwritten code (HC). This handwritten code is developed under unique constraints, as it must integrate

We are delighted to present this novel special issue, which emphasizes semantic eSystems and their engineering methods, techniques, and tools. “eSystems” are those interdisciplinary cost‐effective and interconnected solutions that leverage advanced information and communication technologies' techniques and tools to gain competitive advantage. Recent years have witnessed increasing interest in the design

Emotion recognition from human faces are recently considered as growing topic for the applications in HCI (human–computer interaction) field. Therefore, a new framework is introduced in this method for emotion recognition from video. Human faces may carry huge features which increase the complexity of recognizing the emotions from the give video. Therefore, to minimize such defect, the wrapper based

Before service providers build up an mobile edge computing (MEC) platform, an important issue that needs to be considered is the configuration of computing resources on edge servers. Since the computing resources on an edge server are limited compared with a cloud server and the service provider's deployment budget is limited, it would be unrealistic to equip all edge servers with abundant computing

In cloud computing services, high availability is one of the quality of service requirements which is necessary to maintain customer confidence. High availability systems can be built by applying redundant nodes and multiple clusters in order to cope with software and hardware failures. Due to cloud computing complexity, dependability analysis of the cloud may require combining state‐based and nonstate‐based

In recent years, the advance in information technology has promoted a wide span of emerging cyber‐physical systems (CPS) applications such as autonomous automobile systems, healthcare monitoring, and process control systems. For these CPS applications, service latency management is extraordinarily important for the sake of providing high quality‐of‐experience to terminal users. Edge‐cloud computing

Stream processing applications are common computing workloads that demand parallelism to increase their performance. As in the past, parallel programming remains a difficult task for application programmers. The complexity increases when application programmers must set nonintuitive parallelism parameters, that is, the degree of parallelism. The main problem is that state‐of‐the‐art libraries use a

MyNeutronDAQ, a graphical user interface (GUI) program for data acquisition of neutron scattering spectrometers at China Mianyang Research Reactor (CMRR) and on‐line data‐analysis has been developed. The program is written in Microsoft Visual C++, which runs under Windows operating systems. Based on the characters of the hardware connection and time‐to‐digital converter (TDC) systems of the spectrometers

Cloud computing offers massive processing power to cloud client to solve the scientific, financial forecasting, and weather forecasting applications. The process of distributing to the load to the different cloud service providers is a complex problem. Cloud service providers have different types of virtual machines with different computing power types in multi‐layered architectures. Various optimization

Network traffic prediction is of great significance to resource management in cyber‐physical systems (CPSs). In particular, network traffic is a nonlinear time series. Echo state network (ESN) is a new neural network with strong nonlinear processing capacity and short‐term memory capacity, and thus can achieve good performance in predicting nonlinear time series. However, network traffic has various

The China Seismo‐Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES) space mission—also known as Limadou in Italian—is a scientific collaboration between China and Italy that aims to investigate the structure and dynamics of the iono/magnetosphere, and in particular to study the possible correlation of perturbations to the occurrence of high‐magnitude seismic events. The Chinese satellite houses the Italian high‐energy

I am delighted that our favorite Journal of Software: Practice and Experience (SPE) turns 50 and the year 2021 is its Golden Jubilee year! The founding fathers of SPE Journal, Charles Lang and David Barron, in their editorial for the first issue published in January 1971, noted “the continuing development of the application of computers in all walks of life is held back by the difficulty of producing

Due to sparse charging infrastructure and short driving ranges, drivers of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) can experience range anxiety, which is the fear of stranding with an empty battery. To help eliminate range anxiety and make BEVs more attractive for customers, accurate range estimation methods need to be developed. In recent years, many publications have suggested machine learning algorithms

Making resources closer to the user might facilitate the integration of new technologies such as edge, fog, cloud computing, and big data. However, this brings many challenges shall be overridden when distributing a real‐time stream processing, executing multiapplication in a safe multitenant environment, and orchestrating and managing the services and resources into a hybrid fog/cloud federation.

The Internet of Things (IoT) has gained wide popularity both in academic and industrial contexts. Unlike traditional embedded devices with specialized firmwares, modern IoT devices accommodate general‐purpose operating systems, allowing developers to run more sophisticated applications written in high‐level languages like JavaScript. Because IoT devices are subject to resource constraints like available

When external contributors want to collaborate with an open‐source project, they fork the repository, make changes, and send a pull request to the core team. However, the lifetime of a pull request, defined by the time interval between its opening and its closing, has a high variation, potentially affecting the contributor engagement. In this context, understanding the root causes of pull request lifetime

Self‐tuning is a feature of autonomic databases that includes the problem of automatic schema design. Automating the schema design process is critical to provide an optimized schema that increases the performance of an application's workload in NoSQL databases. There has been important work on automated design tuning for NoSQL databases. Existing solutions take an offline approach to the schema design

Serverless computing is an emerging event‐driven programming model that accelerates the development and deployment of scalable web services on cloud computing systems. Though widely integrated with the public cloud, serverless computing use is nascent for edge‐based, Internet of Things (IoT) deployments. In this work, we present STOIC (serverless teleoperable hybrid cloud), an IoT application deployment

Software fault prediction became an essential research area in the last few years, there are many prediction and optimization techniques that have been developed for fault prediction. In this paper, an approach is developed by integrating genetics algorithm with support vector machine (SVM) classifier and Whale optimization algorithm for software fault prediction. The developed approach is applied

With the increase in the number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices having limited resources, an extension of the cloud‐computing paradigm has emerged so‐called fog computing, where all the fog cells are located at the edge of the network and the latency can be reduced. Meanwhile, an important challenge has attracted much attention with the definition of fog computing is service placement problem that

The prediction model is a major component within public health cyber‐physical systems, which supports decisions on prevention and control of diseases. Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is one of the most common global infectious diseases with the highest incidence rate. Previous HFMD prediction models are mainly based on the time series that counted in equal‐grained time intervals. However, there

Low‐Bit Neural Network (LBNN) is a promising technique to enrich intelligent applications running on sustainable Cyber‐Physical Systems (CPS). Although LBNN has the advantages of low memory usage, fast inference and low power consumption, Low‐bit design requires additional computation units and may cause large accuracy drop. In this paper, we approach to design Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)‐based

C∀ is a polymorphic, nonobject‐oriented, concurrent, backwards compatible extension of the C programming language. This paper discusses the design philosophy and implementation of its advanced control‐flow and concurrent/parallel features, along with the supporting runtime written in C∀. These features are created from scratch as ISO C has only low‐level and/or unimplemented concurrency, so C programmers

Cloud markets advocate powerful instances to take computation over from the cyber‐physical system (CPS). Combining the Cloud and CPS layer, the whole Cloud–CPS framework is designed to achieve both accurate data sensing and fast data analysis. While most researchers trust the computation side, and focus on the actuator in the physical space to ensure the service‐level objectives, SLO, that is, deadline

Multiuser can collaboratively complete complex visualization tasks that cannot be completed by a single user. Although multiuser collaboration system has made great progress, there are many challenges in the collaborative visualization of 3D volumetric scientific data due to the difficulties in multiuser collaboration, and collaborative slice analysis. This article proposes a client‐server based collaborative

A data center infrastructure is composed of heterogeneous resources divided into three main subsystems: IT (processor, memory, disk, network, etc.), power (generators, power transformers, uninterruptible power supplies, distribution units, among others), and cooling (water chillers, pipes, and cooling tower). This heterogeneity brings challenges for collecting and gathering data from several devices

In scientific applications, physical quantities, and units of measurement are used regularly. If the inherent incompatibility between these units is not handled properly it can lead to potentially catastrophic problems. Although the risk of a miscalculation is high and the cost equally so, almost none of the major programming languages has support for physical quantities. We employed a systematic approach

Source code comments contain key information about the underlying software system. Many redocumentation approaches, however, cannot exploit this valuable source of information. This is mainly due to the fact that not all comments have the same goals and target audience and can therefore only be used selectively for redocumentation. Performing a required classification manually, for example, in the

Automotive software systems have become increasingly complex and huge, leading to long development cycle and increased development difficulty. When a complete automotive software project has reached a scale of several gigabytes, the complicated development process is prone to produce the following two irregular problems: (1) variable inconsistency problem and (2) code coexistence problem. These irregular

Spatial analytics systems (SASs) represent a technology capable of managing huge volumes of spatial data using frameworks such as Apache Hadoop and Apache Spark. An increasing number of SASs have been proposed, requiring a comparison among them. However, existing comparisons in the literature provide a system‐centric view based on performance evaluations. Thus, there is a lack of comparisons based

RDFa, JSON‐LD, Microdata, and Microformats allow to endow the data in HTML files with metadata tags that help software agents understand them. Unluckily, there are many HTML files that do not have any metadata tags, which has motivated many authors to work on proposals to synthesize them. But they have some problems: the authors either provide an overall picture of their designs without too many details

Dynamic programming is a well‐known algorithmic technique that solves problems by a combination of dividing a problem into subproblems and using memoization to avoid an exponential growth of the costs. We show how to implement dynamic programming in Haskell using a variation of hylomorphisms that includes memoization. Our implementation uses polymorphism so the same function can return the best score

In recent years, the usage of smart mobile applications to facilitate day‐to‐day activities in various domains for enhancing the quality of human life has increased widely. With rapid developments of smart mobile applications, the edge computing paradigm has emerged as a distributed computing solution to support serving these applications closer to mobile devices. Since the submitted workloads to the

Cloud computing is becoming a profitable technology because of it offers cost‐effective IT solutions globally. A well‐designed task scheduling algorithm ensures the optimal utilization of clouds resources and reducing execution time dynamically. This research article deals with the task scheduling of inter‐dependent subtasks on unrelated parallel computing machines in a cloud computing environment