The Feed-Forward and Backpropagation Artificial Neural Networks (FFBP-ANN) are generally employed for cut surfaces quality characteristics predictions. However, the determination of the neurons on the hidden layer and the training parameters’ values are tasks requiring many trials according to the Full-Factorial Approach (FFA). Therefore, in this work, a methodology is presented for the optimization

Sheet metal forming operations are widely used in the industry because of their ability to produce complex shapes at higher production rates. These operations utilize high stresses to plastically deform workpiece in the desired geometry. For reliable performance, punch design and operating parameters can play significant role. To investigate the tool wear finite element (FE) based numerical methodology

In this paper,1 we describe LUNES-Blockchain, an agent-based simulator of blockchains that relies on Parallel and Distributed Simulation (PADS) techniques to obtain high scalability. The software is organized as a multi-level simulator that permits to simulate a virtual environment, made of many nodes running the protocol of a specific Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT), such as the Bitcoin or the

Balancing between simulation performance and simulation accuracy is difficult. Most simulators focus on optimizing only one of these two aspects. Which comes at the cost of the other. In this work we demonstrate a framework to dynamically balance between computational performance and simulation accuracy based on the context of the simulation. This allows to maximize both performance and accuracy when

Martensitic stainless steel is widely used where there is a need for strength, hardness, and corrosion resistance. But the machinability of this steel is difficult because of its poor thermal conductivity, as it leads to high tool wear. Application of coating on the cutting tool is one of the sustainable techniques utilized in improving the machinability of work material. But the problem in the application

City-scale simulation modelling of active modes of transportation (i.e., walking and cycling) is becoming increasingly popular in recent years. The heterogeneous and complex behaviour of these transportation modes, however, indicates the need for a shift from the traditional car and public transport centred modelling approaches towards incorporating the requirements for walking and cycling behaviour

This paper presents a comparative assessment of two-dimensional convolutional neural networks (2DCNN) and boosting methods for regression-based textile whiteness estimation, applied to high resolution images of textiles of an industrial cotton textiles producer, labeled with whiteness values, thus enabling supervised learning. The images were taken under various lighting conditions. Concerning the

Over the past few decades, modeling, simulation, and optimization tools have received attention for their ability to represent and improve complex systems. The use of metamodeling techniques in optimization via simulation problems has grown considerably in recent years to promote more robust and agile decision-making, determining the best scenario in the solution space. The objective of this article

Recently, a great development has occurred in the communication networks, in which the trend of development is towards automation and flexible network structure. In addition, the stages of telecommunication development are conventionally divided from manual switching to flexible virtualized architecture, to which telecommunications operators have resorted. Furthermore, in the context of the 3rd generation

A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a set of mobile and self-organizing nodes that cooperate to create dynamic network architecture to establish communications. Its characteristics present critical challenges: limited residual energy of nodes and transmission range, wireless links sensitivity to environmental effects, and the mobility aspect, which leads to frequent link failure and rapid changes in

A considerable percentage of Internet of Things end-devices are characterised by mobility, a feature that adds extra complexity to protocols used in Wireless Sensor Networks. LoRa is one of the newly introduced wireless sensor protocols, capable of delivering messages in long distances and consuming low energy, features that make it proper for low cost devices. Although LoRa was introduced as a technology

With the development of cloud computing (CC), service-oriented architecture (SOA), and container technology, modeling and simulation (M&S) resources, such as simulation software and different sorts of models, can be shared and reused in a cloud environment. Modeling and Simulation as a Service (MSaaS), as a new paradigm, supports sharing simulation models or modeling tools and has enabled a wide range

A model of two multi-class service provisioning clouds which cooperate by offloading jobs from one to the other is analysed in the steady state. The costs of successful and unsuccessful offloading are set against the revenues obtained by serving local and offloaded jobs. The solution is based on approximate class decomposition and fixed-point iterations. It may be generalized to more than two cooperating

Hackers increasingly tend to abuse and nefariously use cloud services by injecting malicious mining code. This malicious code can be spread through infrastructures in the cloud platforms and pose a great threat to users and enterprises. In this study, a method is proposed for detecting malicious mining code in the cloud platforms, which constructs a detection model by fusing the Bagging and Boosting

Commonly-used data assimilation methods are being adapted for use with agent-based models with the aim of allowing optimisation in response to new data in real-time. However, existing methods face difficulties working with categorical parameters, which are common in agent-based models. This paper presents a new method, the RJUKF, that combines the Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) data assimilation algorithm

Recommendation systems are information filtering tools that present items to users based on their preferences and behavior, for example, suggestions about scientific papers or music a user might like. Based on what we said and with the development of computer science that has started to take an interest in big data and how it is used to discover user interest, we have found a lot of research going

Pedestrian evacuation in a room environment is critical to architectural design, safety management and code development. The complexity of this issue is further increased in the presence of multiple obstacles, which may affect pedestrian dynamics and evacuation pattern. Most of previous studies on the room evacuation in the presence of multiple obstacles do not account for pedestrian's turning or rotational

Car-following (CF) is the most basic human driving behavior, which is the vital component of traffic flow theories, traffic simulation, and traffic operation. Over the past decades, numerous CF models have been developed based on different interaction logics between the following vehicle and the leading vehicle. Among these, four categories of CF models are the most widely studied and have been long

In this paper, the impacts of connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) on traffic efficiency and safety are numerically investigated. An on-ramp cellular automata (CA) model considering safe distance and interconnectivity is proposed and traffic flows under different CAV penetrations and distributions of CAVs are simulated. The outflow increases as the CAV penetration rate increases when the inflows

Wifi-based localisation systems have gained significant interest with many researchers proposing different localisation techniques using publicly available datasets. However, these datasets are limited because they only contain Wifi fingerprints collected and labelled by users, and they are restricted to indoor locations. We have generated the first Wifi-based localisation datasets for a GPS-denied

Lubricating characteristics of support bearings in gearboxes would greatly affect operational performances of gear transmission systems. To discuss the lubricating characteristics of oil-jet lubricated ball bearing in the gearbox, a fluid-structure coupled simulation model based on the CFD method is established. It can model the air-oil two-phase flow (AOTPF) in the bearing. The volume of fluid (VOF)

The integration between orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), and cognitive radio (CR) technology has been recently configured as promising candidate to support the massive high-speed connectivity requirements of beyond fifth generation (B5G) systems. This combination is referred to in the literature as a hybrid OFDMA–NOMA CR network. In such

The widespread adoption of various types of distributed computing environments, such as clusters, grids, clouds, fog and edge platforms, brought new challenges to workload scheduling. As the applications processed on these environments get more complex and demanding, effective allocation of resources and efficient workload scheduling are essential in order to achieve good performance and load balancing

This research compares the impact of infrastructure congestion management initiatives at a bulk cargo marine terminal on truck queuing and emissions. Researchers have studied the impact of individual congestion management initiatives in marine terminals extensively. However, limited research has been conducted to comparatively evaluate the impact of several initiatives. Furthermore, researchers have

The robotic mobile fulfillment system (RMFS) is a parts-to-picker material handling system that has emerged in e-commerce warehouses and aims to save labor costs and achieve higher picking efficiency. This study investigates an RMFS in high-density storage warehouses with limited space or high rental costs. Supposing that the incoming orders have been preprocessed, we focus on how to carry specific

Despite impressive advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based gameplaying in recent years, many such systems still lack the capability of robustly dealing with novelty in a sufficiently rich environment. Novelty may be operationally described as the states or situations that violate (implicit or explicit) assumptions about agents, the environment, and agent–agent and agent–environment interactions

High-rise teaching buildings are complex public buildings integrating the evacuation risk of teaching buildings and high-rise buildings. In this regard, studying the evacuation characteristics of high-rise teaching buildings is paramount for a safe and fast evacuation. In this paper, we first analysed whether the obstacles in the classrooms would be beneficial to the overall evacuation. Obstacle and

The loss of situational awareness by pilots is one of the harshest risk factors leading to catastrophic accidents. In this paper a situational awareness analysis model based on multiple agents is presented to simulate the human-computer interaction process in the aircraft cockpit. From the perspective of human-in-loop, the integrated model consists of modularized pilot agent model, technical system

In cloud computing environments, when a client wants to access any resources, hardware components, or application services, he needs to get a subscription for the same from service providers. The usages of each client are monitored over a network by service providers and later on user will be charged for the services used. Cloud service provider is responsible for providing Quality of Service to clients

In this study, a previously developed co-simulation method has been expanded to also simulate the dynamic behaviour of sealing gap regions in hydraulic percussion units. This approach is based on a 1D system model representing the fluid components and a 3D finite element model representing the structural parts of a hydraulic hammer. The sealing gap is a fundamental feature of a percussion unit, where

This paper presents an improved vibration control method that controls the amplitudes of residual vibrations of a flexible non-uniform shaped manipulator with higher suppression ratio. The proposed new method suppresses the residual vibrations that occur after motion by shaping the velocity input. By considering the parameters of the experimental system, an analytical model is established according

As an important design parameter for bucket wheel excavator, the cutting resistance of the bucket wheel shows significant dynamic character and changes drastically under different work conditions. Therefore, this paper analyzes the trend of cutting resistance through a combination of discrete element method (DEM) and design of experiment (DOE). Firstly, the three-dimensional dynamic simulation of tool-particle

Finite element (FE) simulation is an efficient and time-saving method to optimize the high-speed machining process of aluminum (Al) alloy. The constitutive model accurately described the dynamic mechanical behavior of materials at cutting conditions is the premise of obtaining high-precision simulation results. In this study, the flow stress-strain relationship of AA 6061-T6 is obtained at a high temperature

Some popular applications of wireless power transfer (such as electric vehicle charging) include a transmitter residing on a static platform (charging station) and a dynamic receiver (vehicle). In such applications, compensation may be excluded from the receiver in order to minimize, simplify and lower the cost. If transmitter compensation is also maximally simplified series to none (SN) compensation

When exploring hybrid cloud solutions, the provision of cloud computing resources by more than one provider, may result in important gains, such as better risk management, improvement of operational efficiency and avoidance of the lock-in effect by a single vendor. To this end, many enterprises decide to rely on hybrid strategies and multiple cloud providers. With the strategic distribution of the

Fog computing is one of the most important emerging paradigms in recent technological development. It alleviates several limitations of cloud computing by bringing computation, communication, storage, and real-time services near to the end-users. However, with the rapid development of automation in smart cities, the number of task executions by fog nodes are increasing, requiring additional fog nodes

One of the significant limitations in the evaluation of hybrid clouds is the difficulty in validating new solutions by their deployment in real systems since replication of tests on large environments is usually highly expensive. To overcome these limitations, simulators have become popular for conducting preliminary tests. However, there is still a lack of simulation tools with easy-to-use code that

Windage power loss, a form of load-independent power loss, is always one of the hotspots for reducing fuel consumption and overall weight in aero-engine applications. This paper represents a considerable improvement in the analytical model for estimating the losses of spiral bevel gears and proposes a novel overset mesh method for the prediction of the windage losses. The improved analytical model

System dynamics (SD) is an established discipline to model and simulate complex dynamic systems. The primary goal of SD is to evaluate and design new policies that can impact the system under study in a desired way. Policy design, that is, identifying effective model levers, however, is a challenge and in many cases trial-and-error driven. In this article, we introduce a new and coherent framework

As the merging section of an urban expressway main road and on-ramp traffic flow, on-ramp areas have serious merging conflicts. In the dynamic game between two streams of traffic flow, traffic congestion can occur and cause bottlenecks on expressways. With the development of vehicle intelligence and network technology, connected vehicles can form a platoon or a group and realize real-time dynamic communication

The researcher's predilection towards the concerned infinite resources and the dynamic provisioning on rental premises encourages the scheduling of complex scientific applications in the cloud. The scheduling of workflows in the cloud is constrained to QoS parameters. Many heuristic and meta-heuristic algorithms are widely investigated for the QoS constrained workflow scheduling problem. However, it

The scientific workflows are high-level complex applications that demand more computing power. The cloud data center (CDC) remains one of the essential models of economic infrastructure for workflow applications. These CDCs consume a lot of electric power while running workflow applications. Hence, efficient energy-aware scheduling techniques are required to perform the task to a virtual machine (VM)

Technological advancements have focused increasing attention on Automated Mobility-on-Demand (AMOD) as a promising solution that may improve future urban mobility. During the last decade, extensive research has been conducted on the design and evaluation of AMOD systems using simulation models. This paper adds to this growing body of literature by investigating the network impacts of AMOD through high-fidelity

Hybrid Cloud environments allow the utilization of local resources in private Clouds with resources from public Clouds when needed. Such environments represent systems with high failure rates because they feature heterogeneous components, a large number of servers with intensive workload are built as complex architectures. For these reasons, the availability of such systems could be easily compromised

The accuracy of a machining model depends on the capability of this model to describe the physical phenomena associated to the real machining system. This includes the material constitutive model and the approach used to describe the field flow of the material in cutting. In this paper, a model of high speed machining (HSM) of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy is developed. This cutting model includes the proposed

Empirical evidence suggests that evacuees tend to break down their well-coordinated motion and adopt competitive egress behaviour when they are confronting life-endangering situations (e.g., fire accident, earthquake). This phenomenon significantly influences crowd dynamics, and subsequently, the overall evacuation time. In this paper, a novel evacuation model has been developed, which takes the detailed

Fog computing is an emerging service-oriented market in conjunction with Cloud computing to fulfill the resource demand of mobile users as well as IoT users for real-time applications. Auctioning in Fog computing is highly challenging due to mobility, dynamic pricing, real-time demand in comparison to Cloud based auctioning models. Further, due to users’ mobility and limited Fog resources, existing

In recent years, building business applications from independently developed services has become one of the current trends in service computing. To satisfy clients’ requirements, service composition is performed to compose the various capabilities of available services. With the proliferation of services having similar functionalities, assessing the quality of a given composition is a paramount factor

Due to the complex structure of a distributed energy resources system (DES) and a large amount of sensor data, local computers cannot provide enough computing resources to process the related data in a short time. Moreover, network integration causes a power system vulnerable to denial of service (DoS) attacks. DoS attacks result in the loss of partial sensor data, which affects the control performance

In the design process of a hybrid cloud with the purpose of cost optimization, finding the optimal distribution between the resources to be deployed in both private and public clouds is a complex task. To help the cloud designer in this task, optimizer and simulation tools can be used. In the research presented in this paper, a state-of-the-art optimizer tool, designed for the optimal allocation of

From climate action to public health measures, human collective endeavors are often shaped by different uncertainties. Here we introduce a novel population-based learning model wherein a group of individuals facing a collective risk dilemma acquire their strategies over time through reinforcement learning, while handling different sources of uncertainty. In such an N-person collective risk dilemma

Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT) is growing an attractive zone of the research to explore the underwater scenario for surveillance. The autonomous manner of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) or Drone makes search and surveillance of the target underwater region effectively. Drone gather, analyse, and transmit data at the time of flight by consuming battery energy. Underwater search and monitoring

The COVID-19 emergency suddenly obliged schools and universities around the world to deliver on-line lectures and services. While the urgency of response resulted in a fast and massive adoption of standard, public on-line platforms, generally owned by big players in the digital services market, this does not sufficiently take into account privacy-related and security-related issues and potential legal

Various numerical models have been used to understand and predict ocean dynamics. For this reason, many information technology (IT) resources are required for high-resolution global ocean modeling. The development of cloud-computing technologies has enabled earth scientists to easily use numerical ocean models that require high-performance computing (HPC) and message-passing interface (MPI) software

Healthcare is one of the most important disciplines to ensure life quality for human beings, especially in unpredictable scenarios such as accidents, natural disasters, or terrorism. In these cases, Emergency Medical Services (EMS) face significant challenges due to the complex nature of pre-hospital events, coordinating several resources according to the collected information in a short time. In this

Modeling of air quality is a statistical simulation of how air pollutants spread and react in the environment to impact the quality of atmospheric air. A 2-Phase assessment simulation model is presented to assess air quality to evaluate the toxic level of each pollutant in the air, which can harm the health of sensitive people. The first phase calculates the score for each factor of air quality using

Safeguarding and type approval of automated vehicles is a key enabler for their market launch in our complex traffic environment. Scenario-based testing by means of computer simulation is becoming increasingly important to cope with the enormous complexity and effort. However, there is a huge gap when assessing the safety of the virtual vehicle while the real vehicle will drive on the road. Simulation

The Internet of Things has reached the industry. Allowing connectivity from production plants to the Internet requires appropriate security mechanisms to provide protection against cyber attackers. In this paper, we propose a security architecture for a gateway connecting sensors and automation components from assembly lines with Internet or cloud based systems. A Trusted Platform Module (TPM) is used

In-laboratory mobile device data gathering is useful to support fields of study that rely on data derived from mobile devices as elementary research input. Particularly, Dew Computing, a sub-area of mobile distributed computing, aims at scavenging idle computing resources from mobile devices at the edge. To produce repeatable experiments for developed Dew approaches, simulation of relevant mobile device