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“I really need your help with this work..”: A System for Navigating the Tricky Terrain of Managing Up by Leveraging One’s Motivation to Get Things Done ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Soya Park, Stuti Vishwabhan, Michael Muller, David R. Karger
When people need help from their supervisors or peers, they often have to manage up to get things done. However, unlike managing subordinates (managing down), managing people of equal or higher status (managing up) are not obligated to help. These requests often involve collaborative tasks between requesters and performers. Through interviews, we found that these collaborative tasks require coordination
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Pushed by Sound: Effects of Sound and Movement Direction on Body Perception, Experience Quality, and Exercise Support ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Aneesha Singh, Marusa Hrobat, Suxin Gui, Nadia Bianchi-Berthouze, Judith Ley-Flores, Frederic Bevilacqua, Joaquin R. Diaz Duran, Elena Márquez Segura, Ana Tajadura-Jiménez
Wearables integrating movement sonification can support body-perception changes and relatedly physical activity; yet, we lack design principles for such sonifications. Through two mixed-methods studies, we investigate sound pitch and movement direction interaction effects on self-perception during squats exercises. We measured effects on body-perception, affective quality of the experience, actual
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Exploiting Physical Referent Features as Input for Multidimensional Data Selection in Augmented Reality ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Gary Perelman, Marcos Serrano, Emmanuel Dubois
Embedding data into the physical environment using augmented reality (AR) is a practical approach for data visualization as it offers a large and flexible display space on or around the physical referent, i.e. the physical object to which the data is related. Yet current interaction in such context is often performed using cumbersome dedicated devices, tiring mid-air gestures or awkward on-body input
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Achieving Symmetry in Synchronous Interaction in Hybrid Work is Impossible ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Pernille Bjørn, Juliane Busboom, Melanie Duckert, Susanne Bødker, Irina Shklovski, Eve Hoggan, Kellie Dunn, Qianqian Mu, Louise Barkhuus, Nina Boulus-Rødje
Designing new technologies to support synchronous interaction across distance has for many years focused on creating symmetry for participation between geographically distributed actors. Symmetry in synchronous interaction has, to some extent, been achieved technologically (while multiple social, historical, political, and hierarchical concerns continue to exist) and proven empirically in the increased
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Guiding the Design of Inclusive Interactive Systems: Do Younger and Older Adults Use the Same Image-Schematic Metaphors? ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 Jingyi Li, Nathan Crilly, Per Ola Kristensson
The use of image-schematic metaphors is often promoted for being near-universal across user groups, suggesting that these metaphors have the potential to make novel interactive systems easy to use by both younger and older adults. This study empirically investigates this by eliciting image-schematic metaphors from the spoken language and interaction behaviors of 12 younger adults and 12 older adults
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Mitigating Epistemic Injustice: The Online Construction of a Bisexual Culture ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Jordan Taylor, Amy Bruckman
People participating in online groups often co-construct knowledge of what they believe and, sometimes, co-construct their understanding of who they are. Through participant observation and semi-structured interviews with 13 members of the online forum r/bisexual on Reddit, we found participants collaboratively constructing an understanding of bisexuality. We found this knowledge-building fills an
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Prototyping and Evaluation of Emotionally Resonant Vibrotactile Comfort Objects as a Calming Social Anxiety Intervention ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Shaun Macdonald, Euan Freeman, Frank Pollick, Stephen Brewster
Social anxiety is a prevalent mental health concern that impacts quality of life and makes social spaces less accessible. We conducted two studies with socially anxious participants, investigating using affective haptic comfort objects to provide calming support during social exposure. Participatory prototyping informed the design and use of the intervention, which was then evaluated between-groups
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Unmasking the Power of Play Through TUI Designs ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 A. Nonnis, N. Bryan-Kinns
Research on the potential benefits of technology for autistic children is an emergent field in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), especially within the Child-Computer Interaction Community. At the same time, there are concerns about what these interventions and technologies are for and who benefits. We present a research and design approach for Tangible User Interfaces (TUIs) for minimally verbal to
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The AI Ghostwriter Effect: When Users do not Perceive Ownership of AI-Generated Text but Self-Declare as Authors ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Fiona Draxler, Anna Werner, Florian Lehmann, Matthias Hoppe, Albrecht Schmidt, Daniel Buschek, Robin Welsch
Human-AI interaction in text production increases complexity in authorship. In two empirical studies (n1 = 30 & n2 = 96), we investigate authorship and ownership in human-AI collaboration for personalized language generation. We show an AI Ghostwriter Effect: Users do not consider themselves the owners and authors of AI-generated text but refrain from publicly declaring AI authorship. Personalization
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The Realities of Evaluating Educational Technology in School Settings ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Megan Venn-Wycherley, Ahmed Kharrufa, Susan Lechelt, Rebecca Nicholson, Kate Howland, Abrar Almjally, Anthony Trory, Vidya Sarangapani
HCI researchers are increasingly interested in the evaluation of educational technologies in context, yet acknowledge that challenges remain regarding the logistical, material and methodological constraints of this approach to research [18, 53]. Through the analysis of the authors’ contributed thematic research vignettes, the following article exposes the practical realities of evaluating educational
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A Virtual Reality Scene Taxonomy: Identifying and Designing Accessible Scene-Viewing Techniques ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Rachel L. Franz, Sasa Junuzovic, Martez Mott
Virtual environments (VEs) afford similar interactions to those in physical environments: individuals can navigate and manipulate objects. Yet, a prerequisite for these interactions is being able to view the environment. Despite the existence of numerous scene-viewing techniques (i.e., interaction techniques that facilitate the visual perception of virtual scenes), there is no guidance to help designers
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Between Rhetoric and Reality: Real-world Barriers to Uptake and Early Engagement in Digital Mental Health Interventions ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Jacinta Jardine, Camille Nadal, Sarah Robinson, Angel Enrique, Marcus Hanratty, Gavin Doherty
Digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) have potential to provide effective and accessible care to entire populations, but low client uptake and engagement are significant problems. Few prior studies explore the lived experiences of non-engagers, because reaching this population is inherently difficult. We present an observational inquiry into the barriers to sign-up and early use of a DMHI, along
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Configurations of Digital Participatory Budgeting ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Victoria Palacin, Samantha McDonald, Pablo Aragón, Matti Nelimarkka
Participatory budgeting is a democratic innovation increasingly supported by digital platforms. Like any technology, participatory budgeting platforms are not value-free or politically neutral; their design, configuration, and deployment display assumptions and configure participant behaviour. To understand what kinds of configurations occur and what kinds of democratic values they hold, we studied
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Examining Voice Community Use ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Robin Brewer, Sam Ankenbauer, Manahil Hashmi, Pooja Upadhyay
Visual online communities can present accessibility challenges to older adults or people with vision and motor disabilities. Motivated by this challenge, accessibility and HCI researchers have called for voice-based communities to support aging and disability. This paper extends prior work on voice community design and short-term use by providing empirical data on how people interact with voice communities
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Wording Matters: the Effect of Linguistic Characteristics and Political Ideology on Resharing of COVID-19 Vaccine Tweets ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Judith Borghouts, Yicong Huang, Suellen Hopfer, Chen Li, Gloria Mark
Social media platforms are frequently used to share information and opinions around vaccinations. The more often a message is reshared, the wider the reach of the message and potential influence it may have on shaping people’s opinions to get vaccinated or not. We used a negative binomial regression to investigate whether a message’s linguistic characteristics (degree of concreteness, emotional arousal
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Expressive, Scalable, Mid-air Haptics with Synthetic Jets ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Vivian Shen, Chris Harrison, Craig Shultz
Non-contact, mid-air haptic devices have been utilized for a wide variety of experiences, including those in extended reality, public displays, medical, and automotive domains. In this work, we explore the use of synthetic jets as a promising and under-explored mid-air haptic feedback method. We show how synthetic jets can scale from compact, low-powered devices, all the way to large, long-range, and
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RadarHand: A Wrist-Worn Radar for On-Skin Touch-Based Proprioceptive Gestures ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Ryo Hajika, Tamil Selvan Gunasekaran, Chloe Dolma Si Ying Haigh, Yun Suen Pai, Eiji Hayashi, Jaime Lien, Danielle Lottridge, Mark Billinghurst
We introduce RadarHand, a wrist-worn wearable with millimetre wave radar that detects on-skin touch-based proprioceptive hand gestures. Radars are robust, private, small, penetrate materials, and require low computation costs. We first evaluated the proprioceptive and tactile perception nature of the back of the hand and found that tapping on the thumb is the least proprioceptive error of all the finger
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“Sometimes It’s Like Putting the Track in Front of the Rushing Train”: Having to Be ‘On Call’ for Work Limits the Temporal Flexibility of Crowdworkers ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Laura Lascău, Duncan P. Brumby, Sandy J. J. Gould, Anna L. Cox
Research suggests that the temporal flexibility advertised to crowdworkers by crowdsourcing platforms is limited by both client-imposed constraints (e.g., strict completion times) and crowdworkers’ tooling practices (e.g., multitasking). In this article, we explore an additional contributor to workers’ limited temporal flexibility: the design of crowdsourcing platforms, namely requiring crowdworkers
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Cognition in Social Engineering Empirical Research: A Systematic Literature Review ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Pavlo Burda, Luca Allodi, Nicola Zannone
The interdisciplinarity of the Social Engineering (SE) domain creates crucial challenges for the development and advancement of empirical SE research, making it particularly difficult to identify the space of open research questions that can be addressed empirically. This space encompasses questions on attack conditions, employed experimental methods, and interactions with underlying cognitive aspects
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Detecting Covert Disruptive Behavior in Online Interaction by Analyzing Conversational Features and Norm Violations ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Henna Paakki, Heidi Vepsäläinen, Antti Salovaara, Bushra Zafar
Disruptive behavior is a prevalent threat to constructive online engagement. Covert behaviors, such as trolling, are especially challenging to detect automatically, because they utilize deceptive strategies to manipulate conversation. We illustrate a novel approach to their detection: analyzing conversational structures instead of focusing only on messages in isolation. Building on conversation analysis
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Visual Noise Cancellation: Exploring Visual Discomfort and Opportunities for Vision Augmentations ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Junlei Hong, Tobias Langlotz, Jonathan Sutton, Holger Regenbrecht
Acoustic noise control or cancellation (ANC) is a commonplace component of modern audio headphones. ANC aims to actively mitigate disturbing environmental noise for a quieter and improved listening experience. ANC is digitally controlling frequency and amplitude characteristics of sound. Much less explored is visual noise and active visual noise control, which we address here. We first explore visual
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Reliability Criteria for News Websites ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Hendrik Heuer, Elena L. Glassman
Misinformation poses a threat to democracy and to people’s health. Reliability criteria for news websites can help people identify misinformation. But despite their importance, there has been no empirically substantiated list of criteria for distinguishing reliable from unreliable news websites. We identify reliability criteria, describe how they are applied in practice, and compare them to prior work
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Spreadsheets on Interactive Surfaces: Breaking through the Grid with the Pen ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Vincent Cavez, Caroline Appert, Emmanuel Pietriga
Spreadsheet programs for interactive surfaces have limited manipulations capabilities and are often frustrating to use. One key reason is that the spreadsheet grid creates a layer that intercepts most user input events, making it difficult to reach the cell values that lie underneath. We conduct an analysis of commercial spreadsheet programs and an elicitation study to understand what users can do
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The Group Folding Effect: The Role of Collaborative Process Structuring and Social Interaction in Group Work ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Mohamed Ez-Zaouia, Rubiela Carrillo
Group work involves a myriad of complex processes encompassing social, perceptual, cognitive, and contextual factors. However, there is a lack of empirical research on computer-supported group work processes and their impact on outcomes at different stages of group work, especially when creativity and quality of outcomes are significant. Group work processes can interfere and hinder productivity, which
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Adult Autism Research Priorities and Conceptualization in Computing Research: Invitation to Co-Lead with Autistic Adults ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Dafne Zuleima Morgado Ramirez, Giulia Barbareschi, Cathy Holloway
Autism research is primarily targeted toward children and at normalizing autistic traits. We conducted a literature review of computing research on adult autism, focusing on identifying research priorities set by autistic adults and their allies, determining participation levels, identifying how autism is conceptualized, and the types of technologies designed and their purposes. We found: 1) that computing
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A Design Vocabulary for Data Physicalization ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Eva Hornecker, Trevor Hogan, Uta Hinrichs, Rosa Van Koningsbruggen
Although physical artifacts that represent data have been used for centuries, the research field—known as data physicalization—has only recently gained traction. Compared to data visualization, there is no established vocabulary for analyzing and discussing the properties of physicalizations. Through a grounded analysis of examples and literature, we propose a comprehensive design vocabulary, which
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How Did They Build the Free Encyclopedia? A Literature Review of Collaboration and Coordination among Wikipedia Editors ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Yuqing Ren, Haifeng Zhang, Robert E. Kraut
Wikipedia has been the poster child for large-scale online open collaboration while few other online open collaboration initiatives have achieved similar success. How did Wikipedians do it? Besides the technical infrastructure, what social dynamics and processes are critical to its success? This essay reviews 217 articles that examined aspects of the behaviors of Wikipedia editors and the processes
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Post-growth Human–Computer Interaction ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Vishal Sharma, Neha Kumar, Bonnie Nardi
Human–Computer Interaction (HCI) researchers have increasingly been questioning computing’s engagement with unsustainable and unjust economic growth, pushing for identifying alternatives. Incorporating degrowth, post-development, and steady-state approaches, post-growth philosophy offers an alternative not rooted in growth but in improving quality of life. It recommends an equitable reduction in resource
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Don’t Accept All and Continue: Exploring Nudges for More Deliberate Interaction with Tracking Consent Notices ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Nina Gerber, Alina Stöver, Justin Peschke, Verena Zimmermann
Legal frameworks rely on users to make an informed decision about data collection, e.g., by accepting or declining the use of tracking technologies. In practice, however, users hardly interact with tracking consent notices on a deliberate website per website level, but usually accept or decline optional tracking technologies altogether in a habituated behavior. We explored the potential of three different
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Patient Acceptance of Self-Monitoring on a Smartwatch in a Routine Digital Therapy: A Mixed-Methods Study ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Camille Nadal, Caroline Earley, Angel Enrique, Corina Sas, Derek Richards, Gavin Doherty
Self-monitoring of mood and lifestyle habits is the cornerstone of many therapies, but it is still hindered by persistent issues including inaccurate records, gaps in the monitoring, patient burden, and perceived stigma. Smartwatches have the potential to deliver enhanced self-reports, but their acceptance in clinical mental health settings is unexplored and rendered difficult by a complex theoretical
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“It’s Weird That it Knows What I Want”: Usability and Interactions with Copilot for Novice Programmers ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 James Prather, Brent N. Reeves, Paul Denny, Brett A. Becker, Juho Leinonen, Andrew Luxton-Reilly, Garrett Powell, James Finnie-Ansley, Eddie Antonio Santos
Recent developments in deep learning have resulted in code-generation models that produce source code from natural language and code-based prompts with high accuracy. This is likely to have profound effects in the classroom, where novices learning to code can now use free tools to automatically suggest solutions to programming exercises and assignments. However, little is currently known about how
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How Gaze Visualization Facilitates Initiation of Informal Communication in 3D Virtual Spaces ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Junko Ichino, Masahiro Ide, Takehito Yoshiki, Hitomi Yokoyama, Hirotoshi Asano, Hideo Miyachi, Daisuke Okabe
This study explores how gaze visualization in virtual spaces facilitates the initiation of informal communication. Three styles of gaze cue visualization (arrow, bubbles, and miniature avatar) with two types of gaze behavior (one-sided gaze and joint gaze) were evaluated. 96 participants used either a non-visualized gaze cue or one of the three visualized gaze cues. The results showed that all visualized
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CoAIcoder: Examining the Effectiveness of AI-assisted Human-to-Human Collaboration in Qualitative Analysis ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Jie Gao, Kenny Tsu Wei Choo, Junming Cao, Roy Ka-Wei Lee, Simon Perrault
While AI-assisted individual qualitative analysis has been substantially studied, AI-assisted collaborative qualitative analysis (CQA) – a process that involves multiple researchers working together to interpret data—remains relatively unexplored. After identifying CQA practices and design opportunities through formative interviews, we designed and implemented CoAIcoder, a tool leveraging AI to enhance
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Lessons Learnt from a Multimodal Learning Analytics Deployment In-the-Wild ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Roberto Martinez-Maldonado, Vanessa Echeverria, Gloria Fernandez-Nieto, Lixiang Yan, Linxuan Zhao, Riordan Alfredo, Xinyu Li, Samantha Dix, Hollie Jaggard, Rosie Wotherspoon, Abra Osborne, Simon Buckingham Shum, Dragan Gašević
Multimodal Learning Analytics (MMLA) innovations make use of rapidly evolving sensing and artificial intelligence algorithms to collect rich data about learning activities that unfold in physical spaces. The analysis of these data is opening exciting new avenues for both studying and supporting learning. Yet, practical and logistical challenges commonly appear while deploying MMLA innovations “in-the-wild”
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User Experience of Digital Voice Assistant: Conceptualization and Measurement ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Qian Chen, Yeming Gong, Yaobin Lu
With the development of digital virtual assistants (DVA), academics and practitioners have increased attention to the DVA user experience. However, the measurement scale of DVA user experience is still under-researched, which may hinder further empirical study on human-DVA interaction. This study rigorously developed dimensions and associated scales of the DVA user experience. We employed a mixed-method
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Blueprints: Systematizing Behavior Change Designs—The Case of Social Comparison Theory ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Roelof A. J. De Vries, Mailin Lemke, Geke D. S. Ludden
To improve people’s lives, human-computer interaction researchers are increasingly designing technological solutions based on behavior change theory, such as social comparison theory (SCT). However, how researchers operationalize such a theory as a design remains largely unclear. One way to clarify this methodological step is to clearly state which functional elements of a design are aimed at operationalizing
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Feeling Stressed and Unproductive? A Field Evaluation of a Therapy-Inspired Digital Intervention for Knowledge Workers ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Kevin Chow, Thomas Fritz, Liisa Holsti, Skye Barbic, Joanna McGrenere
Today’s knowledge workers face cognitively demanding tasks and blurred work-life boundaries amidst rising stress and burnout in the workplace. Holistic approaches to supporting workers, which consider both productivity and well-being, are increasingly important. Taking this holistic approach, we designed an intervention inspired by cognitive behavioral therapy that consists of: (1) using the term “Time
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Nothing Like Compilation: How Professional Digital Fabrication Workflows Go Beyond Extruding, Milling, and Machines ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Mare Hirsch, Gabrielle Benabdallah, Jennifer Jacobs, Nadya Peek
Understanding how professionals use digital fabrication in production workflows is critical for future research in digital fabrication technologies. We interviewed thirteen professionals who use digital fabrication for the low-volume manufacturing of commercial products. From these interviews, we describe the workflows used for nine products created with a variety of materials and manufacturing methods
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EcoSanté Lifestyle Intervention: Encourage Reflections on the Connections between Health and Environment ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Pei-Yi (Patricia) Kuo, Michael S. Horn
EcoSanté is a mobile lifestyle intervention that encourages individual behavior change while also helping participants understand the deep connections between daily lifestyle choices and our collective impact on the planet. Informed by research on “small” intervention approaches, we sent participants daily behavioral challenges that demonstrated connections between personal health and environmental
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Addressing Interpersonal Harm in Online Gaming Communities: The Opportunities and Challenges for a Restorative Justice Approach ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Sijia Xiao, Shagun Jhaver, Niloufar Salehi
Most social media platforms implement content moderation to address interpersonal harms such as harassment. Content moderation relies on offender-centered, punitive approaches, e.g., bans and content removal. We consider an alternative justice framework, restorative justice, which aids victims in healing, supports offenders in repairing the harm, and engages community members in addressing the harm
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Exploring the Lived Experience of Behavior Change Technologies: Towards an Existential Model of Behavior Change for HCI ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Amon Rapp, Arianna Boldi
The majority of behavior change and persuasive technologies are exclusively addressed to modify a specific behavior. However, the focus on behavior may cloud the “existential aspects” of the process of change. To explore the lived and meaning-laden experience of behavior change, we interviewed 23 individuals who have used behavior change technology in their everyday life. The study findings highlight
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Using Feedforward to Reveal Interaction Possibilities in Virtual Reality ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Andreea Muresan, Jess Mcintosh, Kasper Hornbæk
In virtual reality (VR), interactions may fail when users encounter new, unknown, or unexpected objects. We propose using feedforward in VR to help users interact with objects by revealing how such objects work. Feedforward lets users know what to do and how to do it by showing the available actions and outcomes before an interaction. In this article, we first chart the design space of feedforward
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CLERA: A Unified Model for Joint Cognitive Load and Eye Region Analysis in the Wild ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Li Ding, Jack Terwilliger, Aishni Parab, Meng Wang, Lex Fridman, Bruce Mehler, Bryan Reimer
Non-intrusive, real-time analysis of the dynamics of the eye region allows us to monitor humans’ visual attention allocation and estimate their mental state during the performance of real-world tasks, which can potentially benefit a wide range of human-computer interaction (HCI) applications. While commercial eye-tracking devices have been frequently employed, the difficulty of customizing these devices
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“What's Your Name Again?”: How Race and Gender Dynamics Impact Codesign Processes and Output ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Judith Odili Uchidiuno, Jaemarie Solyst, Jonaya Kemper, Erik Harpstead, Ross Higashi, Jessica Hammer
Creating technology products using codesign techniques often results in higher end-user engagement compared to expert-driven designs. Codesign sessions are typically structured in flexible and informal ways to achieve equal design partnerships, especially in adult-child interactions. This generally leads to better design output, however, it may also increase the enactment of socially constructed stereotypes
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Brain-Computer Integration: A Framework for the Design of Brain-Computer Interfaces from an Integrations Perspective ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Nathan Semertzidis, Fabio Zambetta, Florian “Floyd” Mueller
Brain-computer interface (BCI) systems hold the potential to foster human flourishing and self-actualization. However, we believe contemporary BCI system design approaches unnecessarily limit these potentialities as they are approached from a traditional interaction perspective, producing command-response experiences. This article proposes to go beyond “interaction” and toward a paradigm of human-computer
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Un-Paradoxing Privacy: Considering Hopeful Trust ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Bran Knowles, Stacey Conchie
Extant literature has proposed an important role for trust in moderating people’s willingness to disclose personal information, but there is scant HCI literature that deeply explores the relationship between privacy and trust in apparent privacy paradox circumstances. Attending to this gap, this article reports a qualitative study examining how people account for continuing to use services that conflict
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Metaphors in Voice User Interfaces: A Slippery Fish ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Smit Desai, Michael Twidale
We explore a range of different metaphors used for Voice User Interfaces (VUIs) by designers, end-users, manufacturers, and researchers using a novel framework derived from semi-structured interviews and a literature review. We focus less on the well-established idea of metaphors as a way for interface designers to help novice users learn how to interact with novel technology, and more on other ways
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“Is it Even Giving the Correct Reading or Not?”: How Trust and Relationships Mediate Blood Pressure Management in India ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Nimisha Karnatak, Brooke Loughrin, Tiffany Amy Kuo, Odeline Mateu-Silvernail, Indrani Medhi Thies, William Thies, Mohit Jain
While chronic disease afflicts a large Indian population, the technologies used to manage chronic diseases have largely been informed by studies conducted in other sociocultural contexts. To address this gap, we conducted qualitative interviews with 21 patients clinically diagnosed with abnormal blood pressure (BP) living in low-resourced communities of Haryana, Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh in India
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Designing Alternative Form-Autocompletion Tools to Enhance Privacy Decision-making and Prevent Unintended Disclosure ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Bart P. Knijnenburg, Burcu Bulgurcu
Modern Web browsers provide users with tools to reduce the burden of filling out forms. Despite the widespread adoption of these tools, little is known about how they affect users’ privacy decision-making. This research compares traditional form autocompletion tools with two alternative tools designed for elaboration for this study (“add” and “remove” tools). The results show that the use of traditional
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Marvista: Exploring the Design of a Human-AI Collaborative News Reading Tool ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Xiang “Anthony” Chen, Chien-Sheng Wu, Lidiya Murakhovs’ka, Philippe Laban, Tong Niu, Wenhao Liu, Caiming Xiong
We explore the design of Marvista—a human-AI collaborative tool that employs a suite of natural language processing models to provide end-to-end support for reading online news articles. Before reading an article, Marvista helps a user plan what to read by filtering text based on how much time one can spend and what questions one is interested to find out from the article. During reading, Marvista
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Computational Model of the Transition from Novice to Expert Interaction Techniques ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-23 Gilles Bailly, Mehdi Khamassi, Benoît Girard
Despite the benefits of expert interaction techniques, many users do not learn them and continue to use novice ones. This article aims at better understanding if, when and how users decide to learn and ultimately adopt expert interaction techniques. This dynamic learning process is a complex skill-acquisition and decision-making problem. We first present and compare three generic benchmark models,
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Where to Hide a Stolen Elephant: Leaps in Creative Writing with Multimodal Machine Intelligence ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-23 Nikhil Singh, Guillermo Bernal, Daria Savchenko, Elena L. Glassman
While developing a story, novices and published writers alike have had to look outside themselves for inspiration. Language models have recently been able to generate text fluently, producing new stochastic narratives upon request. However, effectively integrating such capabilities with human cognitive faculties and creative processes remains challenging. We propose to investigate this integration
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Assessing Human-AI Interaction Early through Factorial Surveys: A Study on the Guidelines for Human-AI Interaction ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-23 Tianyi Li, Mihaela Vorvoreanu, Derek Debellis, Saleema Amershi
This work contributes a research protocol for evaluating human-AI interaction in the context of specific AI products. The research protocol enables UX and HCI researchers to assess different human-AI interaction solutions and validate design decisions before investing in engineering. We present a detailed account of the research protocol and demonstrate its use by employing it to study an existing
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Advancing Human-AI Complementarity: The Impact of User Expertise and Algorithmic Tuning on Joint Decision Making ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-23 Kori Inkpen, Shreya Chappidi, Keri Mallari, Besmira Nushi, Divya Ramesh, Pietro Michelucci, Vani Mandava, Libuše Hannah Vepřek, Gabrielle Quinn
Human-AI collaboration for decision-making strives to achieve team performance that exceeds the performance of humans or AI alone. However, many factors can impact success of Human-AI teams, including a user’s domain expertise, mental models of an AI system, trust in recommendations, and more. This article reports on a study that examines users’ interactions with three simulated algorithmic models
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Building Knowledge through Action: Considerations for Machine Learning in the Workplace ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-23 Siân E. Lindley, Denise J. Wilkins
Innovations in machine learning are enabling organisational knowledge bases to be automatically generated from working people's activities. The potential for these to shift the ways in which knowledge is produced and shared raises questions about what types of knowledge might be inferred from working people's actions, how these can be used to support work, and what the broader ramifications of this
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Paper Plain: Making Medical Research Papers Approachable to Healthcare Consumers with Natural Language Processing ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-23 Tal August, Lucy Lu Wang, Jonathan Bragg, Marti A. Hearst, Andrew Head, Kyle Lo
When seeking information not covered in patient-friendly documents, healthcare consumers may turn to the research literature. Reading medical papers, however, can be a challenging experience. To improve access to medical papers, we explore four features enabled by natural language processing: definitions of unfamiliar terms, in-situ plain language section summaries, a collection of key questions that
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“We are Researchers, but we are also Humans”: Creating a Design Space for Managing Graduate Student Stress ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-23 Fujiko Robledo Yamamoto, Janghee Cho, Amy Voida, Stephen Voida
Graduate students are facing a mental health crisis due to a combination of individual, community, and societal factors. Many existing stress management interventions engage with one factor at a time, typically focusing on providing a user with data about their stress state. We conducted co-design workshops with graduate students who work closely together to explore their strategies for managing stress
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Framing Machine Learning Opportunities for Hypotension Prediction in Perioperative Care: A Socio-technical Perspective: Socio-technical perspectives on hypotension prediction : ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction: Vol 30, No 5 ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-23 Pratik Ghosh, Karen L. Posner, Stephanie L. Hyland, Wil van Cleve, Melissa Bristow, Dustin R. Long, Konstantina Palla, Bala Nair, Christine Fong, Ronald Pauldine, Monica S. Vavilala, Kenton O'Hara
Hypotension during perioperative care, if undetected or uncontrolled, can lead to serious clinical complications. Predictive machine learning models, based on routinely collected EHR data, offer potential for early warning of hypotension to enable proactive clinical intervention. However, while research has demonstrated the feasibility of such machine learning models, little effort is made to ground
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“More than a cliché”: Experiencing Hybrid Gifting in the Wild ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-12 Jocelyn Spence, Boriana Koleva, Steve Benford, Dimitrios Darzentas, Martin Flintham, Kevin Glover, Hanne Wagner, Rebecca Gibson, Emily-Clare Thorn
Gifting is socially and economically important. Studies of gifting physical objects have revealed motivations, values, and the tensions between them, while HCI research has revealed weaknesses of digital gifting and explored possibilities of hybrid gifting. We report an “in the wild” study of a hybrid chocolate gift deployed as a commercial product. Interviews reveal the experiences of receivers and
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Managing Delays in Human-Robot Interaction ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (IF 3.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-12 Hannah Pelikan, Emily Hofstetter
Delays in the completion of joint actions are sometimes unavoidable. How should a robot communicate that it cannot immediately act or respond in a collaborative task? Drawing on video recordings of a face-scanning activity in family homes, we investigate how humans make sense of a Cozmo robot’s delays on a moment-by-moment basis. Cozmo’s sounds and embodied actions are recognized as indicators of delay