Both new benzimidazole derivatives based on 8-hydroxyquinoline, namely 4-(1-((4-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)methyl)-5-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)benzoic acid (QN1) and 4-(1-((4-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)methyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)benzoic acid (QN2), were synthesized and characterized, and their corrosion inhibition behavior as well as the mechanism of inhibition was investigated by different techniques

Herein environment-friendly solvent 2-propanol-water (95:5 v/v) acidified with 0.5 M oxalic acid was utilized to extract gossypol, a naturally occurring pigment of cottonseed. This polyphenolic pigment gossypol acts as a toxin to cottonseed oil and protein during processing of cottonseed by imparting a dark colouration. The parameters affecting the solvent extraction process, such as temperature, solvent-to-seed

Large quantities of catalysts after their useful life are discarded as waste material from fertilizer industry. Disposal of spent catalyst is a problem as it falls under the category of hazardous industrial waste due to its heavy metals concentration. This investigation applied a novel approach to extract copper from spent low-temperature shift catalyst (CuO–ZnO–Al2O3) using chelation process. Eth

The paper aims to establish a possible link between the sequence stratigraphy and reservoir potential of the Middle Jurassic carbonates of Samana Suk Formation, Kala Chitta Range, North Pakistan. The Samana Suk Formation is comprised of a monotonous sequence of thin- to thick-bedded bioturbated, cross-bedded, ripple marked, sandy, bioclastic carbonates with shale interbeds. The rock unit is the best

Traditional models for reliability analysis of mining equipment are developed from time to failure data. However, inclusion of operational data and environmental stressors in reliability analysis makes models realistic and can predict the reliability as well as availability of equipment more precisely. It also allows us to understand the aging process of the equipment. The aging of equipment can be

A study of Darcy flow of magnetized Oldroyd-B fluid over a rotating porous disk is analyzed. The heat and mass transport mechanism are analyzed with the significant features of thermal diffusion (Soret) and diffusion thermo (Dufour). Additionally the influence of chemical reaction is also considered on solutal field. The Von Karman transformations are used and in order to obtain the similarity equations

A number of organizations have adopted offshore software development (OSD) practices to support their software development in terms of reducing time to market, access to technical talent and lower costs. There is a lack of understandings of the factors associated with successful management of OSD projects. The objective of this study is to identify and prioritize the factors that contribute to successful

The upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor is known to carry out a complex high-rate anaerobic process used to treat distillery wastewater and is met with many conflicts because of continuous fluctuations in quantity and quality of wastewater, and therefore, it incorporates a lot of uncertainties in operating, controlling and measuring different parameters. In this paper, a multiple-input and single-output

Carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs) have been applied to various fields such as electronic printed circuit boards, aircraft brakes, automobile forks, and machine tool-damped structures due to their low density and high tensile strength. These application components required micro-hole and macro-hole in it for joining. In this research work, a comparison of the experimental investigation on micro-

Although photovoltaic (PV) power is a green energy source, the high output variability of PV power generation leads to lags in network availability. To increase PV power plant reliability, an energy storage system can be incorporated. However, improper selection of storage size increases system cost or decreases network availability due to over- or under-sizing of the storage capacity, respectively

The functionalization of waxy corn starch (WCS) was better realized by combing the cross-linking of epichlorohydrin with oxidation of sodium periodate. The results indicated that the cross-linking had a greater influence on the retrogradation than the oxidation, and the oxidation worsened the freeze–thaw stability of WCS. Both cross-linking and oxidation could ameliorate the alkali and acid resistance

In this work, we intended to investigate the antimicrobial activity, biocompatibility, and study the electrical conductivity of the polypyrrole on the surface of the conducting hydrogel such as carboxymethyl cellulose-g-poly (acrylamide-co-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid). Broadband dielectric spectroscopy was employed to follow up the electrochemical double layer that developed at the

A large number of studies have analyzed the annual growth rings and environmental drivers in subtropical China. However, how environmental and physiological effects define the isotopic composition of the wood in this region is poorly understood. Here, we explored the potential of applying three components (whole wood, holocellulose, and α-cellulose) of stable carbon isotopes from Masson pine (Pinus

This work presents an optimal projective synchronization of non-identical fractional-order chaotic systems (FOCS) in the presence of uncertainties and external disturbances using a fractional sliding mode controller (FSMC). For the first time, and based on Lyapunov stability theory, fractional-order sliding surfaces are proposed to design signal controllers for forcing errors behavior to zero and to

In this paper, an automated Ritz method is developed for the analysis of thin rectangular plates undergoing large deflection. The trial functions approximating the plate lateral and in-plane displacements are represented by simple polynomials. The nonlinear algebraic equations resulting from the application of the concept of minimum potential energy of the plate are cast in a matrix form. The developed

Conjugate heat transfer and fluid flow is a common phenomenon occurring in parallel plate channels. Finite volume method (FVM) formulation-based semi-implicit pressure linked equations algorithm is a common technique to solve the Navier–Stokes equation for fluid flow simulation in such phenomena, which is computationally expensive. In this article, an indigenous FVM code is developed for numerical

This paper presents the design and simulation of a MEMS pressure sensor with a digital output for measuring pressure in the range of 0–1 bar. The sensor uses the diaphragm deflection and a simple mechanical structure to convert the applied pressure to a logic digital output. Three different designs of the sensor have been proposed with square and circular diaphragms. The first design uses ten different

Bio-cementation of soils has gained a lot of attention on a global level owing of its ability to improve strength characteristics of weak or marginal soils. In this study, two urease producing bacteria namely Bacillus subtilis (B.S) and Bacillus pasteurii (B.P) along with a cementation media have been used to enhance the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of dredged soils. Maintaining an optimum

Pressure casting process, which is based on the principle of filling and solidifying the liquid metal into the mold cavity with the effect of speed and pressure, enables to obtain a serial product. The pressure casting process usually involves a thermal process. Starting with the casting process, the thermal resistances, especially formed at the casting mold interface, and the resultant interfacial

A multi-objective, multi-item fuzzy stochastic inventory model is constructed for deteriorating items under limited storage space as well as capital investment. Demand is considered as a function of price and frequency of advertisements. In this model, some parameters are considered to be vague and some are random. The vagueness of parameters is represented by membership function, and randomness of

Metal oxide semiconductor-based gas sensors with nanosized grain have significantly high gas sensitivity as compared with the larger grain counterparts. A numerical model has been presented to recognize the role of different sizes of nanocrystallites of n-type SnO2 semiconductors as gas sensors. The potential profile inside the spherical grains as a function of grain size, temperature and density of

This study validates the applicability of the extended Markov chain modeling for predicting the dynamics of land use in Lebanon by using (i) the current available population density maps, (ii) Landsat satellite images, (iii) ArcGIS software and (iv) TerrSet software. An extended Markov chain model was developed to predict future land use dynamics by integrating the built-up area into three categories

The two-phase locking with high priority (2PL-HP) protocol is a broadly used concurrency control protocol as it better handles the priority inversion problem. However, its performance might get degraded due to the inclusion of cyclic restart, deadlock, unnecessary abort, pseudo-priority inversion, and starvation. To overcome the above problems, this paper proposes a Reduction of long transactions starvation

In recent years, Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) has different, and novel combinations of soft and hard cores embedded with accelerators in the same chip. At present, “Heterogeneous Multiprocessor System-on-Chip” technology meets the needs of the FPGA architecture as it not only consumes less space but also its design is implemented to enhance the performance resulting in decreased power consumption

The main objective of the current research is to study the dynamic behaviour of colloidal silica treated grout. The treatment of foundation soil with colloidal silica improves the cyclic strength of the soil, which has the potential to reduce damages in buildings during earthquakes. Cyclic triaxial tests were conducted at various double amplitudes to understand the cyclic resistance of the colloidal

Due to increased industrialization, large amount of industrial by-products are produced every year in all parts of the world. Disposal of these often toxic wastes is the major problem faced and can potentially be solved by their use in the construction industry. The main aim of this study was to utilize the argon oxygen decarburization (AOD) steel slag (a waste product from the stainless steel industry)

This paper tossed a challenge of developing a novel active fault-tolerant control scheme for switching systems subject to exogenous disturbances and sensor faults. The proposed method is based on a reconfiguration mechanism that uses a mixed \({H_\infty }/{{H}}_{-} \) formulation to design a robust state feedback FTC. This later is designed through a convex optimization technique which leads to solve

We propose a fully dynamic bio-inspired parallel algorithm for solving the shortest path problem on dynamically changing graphs based on Physarum Solver, which is an amoeba shortest path algorithm. Although many sequential algorithms exist for solving dynamic shortest path problem, there are only few parallel algorithms, most of which identify the set of vertices affected by the dynamic changes. However

Pressure-driven, shear-driven and combined pressure and shear driven flow of a non-Newtonian Sisko fluid through rectangular channels is investigated. Inclusion of the aspect ratio in the formulation yields a highly nonlinear partial differential equation, which is not reported in the existing literature. Thus, neither analytical nor numerical solution to this equation is available in the open literature

In every thermal system in industry equipped with a heat exchanger, enhancement in heat transfer with the aid of good thermal conductive nanocoolants without the escalation in pressure drop is promising research area. In line with this motive, the present work carried out a numerical analysis on conjugate heat transfer characteristics of plate heat exchanger (PHE) in the application of a food processing

The applications of wearable sensors in daily life are increasing day by day. The wearable sensor technologies provide a wide range of knowledge that can be utilized by human gesture/action systems. Although the electromyography (EMG) sensors, which are one of the most simple and effective wearable sensors, are usually employed in especially medical diagnosis, it holds a great amount of information

A novel library of amide functionality having 1,2,4-thiadiazole-1,2,4-triazole (8a–j) analogs was designed, synthesized, and structures were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass (ESI–MS) spectral data. Further, all compounds were evaluated for their anticancer activities against four different cancer cell lines including breast cancer (MCF-7, MDA MB-231), lung cancer (A549), and prostate cancer

Unexpected events such as crashes, disabled vehicles, flat tires and spilled loads cause traffic congestion or extend the duration of the traffic congestion on the roadways. It is possible to reduce the effects of such incidents by implementing intelligent transportation systems solutions that require the estimation of the incident duration to identify well-fitted strategies. This paper presents a

Rice husk-mediated magnetic biochar (RH-MBC) was manufactured in the present study by liquefaction method. It is applied on the anionic and cationic dyes to investigate their dye adsorption capacity from aqueous solutions. Characterization of the prepared materials has been conducted by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive

Flow past four side-by-side identical square cylinders arranged normal to the flow have been found to show interesting and important flow features which are very difficult to get through experiments. Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is used for numerical simulations of two-dimensional (2D) flow around four side-by-side arranged cylinders. In this study, the Reynolds number (Re) is chosen to be 60, 80

Newly developed correlations for undersaturated and saturated Arabian crude oil viscosities were developed and tested using two datasets of experimental measurements. The datasets cover 71 data points of measured undersaturated viscosity (μundersaturated), pressure (P), temperature (T), bubble point pressure (Pb), gas specific gravity (γg), crude oil API, viscosity at bubble point pressure (μb) and

Hydraulic fracturing technology is widely used in the development of tight reservoirs. Hydraulic fracture closure highly impacts oil and gas production in tight reservoirs, and a quantitative description of the effective width and fracture conductivity has a guiding significance for fracturing design and productivity prediction. In this paper, based on the mechanical characteristics of proppants in

Abstract Features of propane conversion in the presence of rare-earth metal vanadite and vanadate, both produced via solid-phase synthesis, are studied. It is shown that MeVO3 catalyzes mainly the propane cracking process to form methane and ethylene, while MeVO4 equally accelerates both cracking and dehydrogenation of propane. The thermal stability of MeVO4 in a hydrogen atmosphere is studied by a

During the period of 1990s and early 2000s, the Pareto-dominance (PD) relation was successfully applied for solving multiobjective optimization problems (MOPs) with small number of objectives (typically not exceeding four objectives). However, the performance of these PD-based multiobjective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs) becomes hopeless when it comes to solving problems with larger number of objectives

Predicting students’ performance has emerged as an attractive task among researchers. They use supervised and unsupervised educational data mining (EDM) techniques to build an understandable and effective model. This helps decision makers enhance the performance of the students. The challenge of finding an optimal model leads to appearance of many techniques from both EDM techniques. Hence, we propose

The quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) are rich system with attractive and challenging properties such as nonlinearities and underactuated dynamics, which motivates researchers to design advanced and robust control algorithms. In this paper, we contribute to a further improved design of quadrotor UAV. The quadrotor dynamics and kinematics equations are briefly presented. Then, an improved integral

This paper introduces two novel high-throughput asynchronous pipeline methods, suitable for gate-level pipelined systems. The proposed methods, named as early acknowledged hybrid (EA-Hybrid) and high-capacity hybrid pipeline with post-detection (PD-Hybrid), use hybrid data paths that can combine the robustness of dual-rail encoding and simplicity of single-rail encoding schemes. The domino logic style

Since machine learning and smart methods can be used to study hydrodynamics in the bubble column reactor, it is possible to create highly intelligent bubble column reactors that have not been previously simulated and optimized them with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods. The previous studies considered the position of each node (in three directions) inside the bubble column reactor as the

An analysis of thermodynamic irreversible principle (TPI), through determination of entropy generation rate, during double-diffusive convection in an octagonal shape, filled with saturated fluid in a porous enclosure, is numerically investigated in this work, by studying the influence of thermodiffusion effect on entropy generation variations. According to the fluid flow evolution under consideration

The shape factor of nanoparticles and micro-rotation effects on steady, oblique flow of hybrid micropolar nanoliquid in two dimensions with the presence of viscosity variation is aimed to be analyzed in this study. This analysis is performed subject to the weak concentration of micro-elements. Model equations of the problem are converted to a non-dimensional set of highly nonlinear ODEs with employing

The use of porous particles as aggregates in cementitious mixes presents advantages such as reducing dead load and assisting in thermal insulation of constructions. Pumice aggregates are most commonly used because they are cheap, natural and easily obtainable. However, there are also disadvantages such as brittle behavior and decrease in strength. In this study, 0, 1 and 2 vol% polypropylene fibers

The current paper presents a thermodynamic analysis of an air-bottoming cycle (ABC) operated by the exhaust gasses of a regenerative gas turbine cycle. The partial exhaust heat of a topping gas turbine cycle is utilized to heat the compressed air of the ABC by passing it through a heat exchanger (H.E.2), whereas remaining heat is used to heat the compressed air of the topping cycle before entering

Percussion drilling is a type of laser drilling operation for which optimized 5-axis trajectory planning has been developed. While percussion drilling is less advantageous in terms of local thermal loading and achievable part quality, it is used extensively in industry, due to its simplicity of automation compared to on-the-fly drilling. Thus, a TSP-style trajectory planning algorithm has been developed

Link prediction tremendously gained concern in the field of machine learning by virtue of its real-world applicability on various fields including social network analysis, biomedicine, e-commerce, criminal activities, scientific community, etc. Several link prediction methods exist which are applicable to specific types of networks. Here, the primary aim of this paper is to perform feature extraction

With the proliferation of a number of IoT-based service providers in the market, it would be difficult to select a suitable IoT service as per the requirement among the vast pool of available services showing similar capabilities. Quality-of-service (QoS) parameters that define a service may be used for doing an appropriate selection. Here we consider IoT as the composition of its three possible components:

The current paper examines the thermo-diffusion and diffusion-thermo effects on MHD third-grade nanofluid driven by peristalsis. The governing equations are linearized by adopting the low Reynolds number and long wavelength approximations. The Adomian series expression for velocity, stream function, pressure, concentration and temperature are acquired. The effect of sundry variables are discussed and

Background The greatest challenge of the day is the rising threat of neonatal sepsis as well as antimicrobial resistance. Accordingly, attention has been especially devoted to marine macroalgae metabolites, which are known to have prominent medicinal properties with major phytoconstituents. The object of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of three different macroalgal extracts (ME) as new ingredients

In the current work, hydrodynamics of a turbulent contact absorber (TCA) was studied in terms of bed pressure drop and expanded bed height by adopting a simplified modeling approach. The study was carried out computationally using the Eulerian multifluid model in ANSYS Fluent® where the packing was treated as a granular material. In order to simplify the complex three-phase system, it was reduced to

A prime factor for improving buildings energy efficiency is the correct understanding of heat transfer phenomena within the enclosures for accurate assessment of conduction loads through the building envelope. The magnitude and the interaction between convective and radiative heat transfer modes may have a significant impact on heating or cooling loads and, therefore, on the buildings energy performance

Four editions of the Iranian Code of Practice for Seismic Resistant Design of Buildings have been published. Obvious changes have been made between the second and third editions regarding the seismic design of reinforced concrete buildings. This research focuses on evaluating the design reliability and seismic performance factors provided in the Standard No. 2800-99 (second edition) and Standard No

A true random number generator (TRNG) is proposed, harvesting entropy from multicore CPUs to generate non-deterministic outputs. The entropy source is the unpredictable sequence of thread access when parallel threads attempt to access the same memory location, known as race condition or data races. Although prior work using the same entropy source exists, they either have low efficiency or insufficient

To examine the crack propagation in quasi-brittle materials, cohesive models have been suggested by the works of researcher. They treat the existence of a process zone at the crack tip, with a suitable constitutive law, linking the tensile normal stress T and the relative displacement among the two crack edges. In this paper, we employed the cohesive model which examines the mode I interlaminar fracture

Due to the health benefits such as anti-diabetic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory agents, the extraction of bioactive compounds from natural plants becomes significant. One of the favored extraction processes is supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2). SC-CO2 is known as a green method with a high-selectivity process. Therefore, this study aims to determine the best parameters and mass transfer process

Due to the advancement of technology and an increased number of digital devices per person, more and more digital data are generated daily. Extracting required data from such big data is a challenging task. Recommender systems help us in finding data that best match one’s taste. Collaborative filtering (CF) is the most popular approach used in recommender systems. Various similarity measure techniques

Demands on better control over the kerf dimension deviation, surface roughness, and corner accuracy are now on the increase for the two-piece aluminum metal composite mold tools. In this investigation, straight and triangular profile cuts attempted with wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) on the aluminum 6061 self-lubricating composite-reinforced boron carbide (5–15 vol%) and hexagonal boron