Abstract Mechanical and thermal properties and moisture and water resistance of composites based on an inorganic binder, modified potassium salt of polysilicic acid (“liquid glass”) reinforced with basalt and linen felts and basalt cardboard were measured. The possibility of giving the sheet material an embossed shape is shown. It is concluded that the studied composites, according to the obtained

Abstract The construction of structures of disperse-filled polymer composite materials (DFPCMs) is considered taking into account various lattice types and packing densities of the disperse particles and from the perspective of the model for the description of the disperse structure in terms of generalized parameters. The correlation dependences between lattice parameters Z and kpack and generalized

Abstract The article presents the results of a study aimed at reducing thickness variations in thermoformed items by the method of determining the cooling coefficient.

Abstract The effect of petroleum resins (PRs) and asphaltene–resin substances (ARSs) on the technological and physicomechanical properties of noncurable butyl rubber sealants has been studied. It has been shown that sealants containing PRs have higher water resistance and greater durability than do sealants with bitumens as technological additives.

Abstract Physicomechanical, thermophysical, and electrical properties of syntactic foams based on ED-20 epoxy diane resin and hollow phenol-formaldehyde microspheres have been considered. The optimal amount of microspheres in the composition has been determined. It has been shown that hollow microspheres affect the adhesion and strength characteristics of the sealant and reduce the dielectric loss

Abstract Adhesive material based on low molecular copolymer of ethylene with vinyl acetate and polymer complex synthesized by radical polymerization of acrylic acid in the presence of ε-caprolactam was developed. The compound of the adhesive was optimized, and the influence of composition and concentration of the complex, in addition to fine-grained filler (chalk), on the stickiness and adhesive strength

Abstract In the work, the effect of 120-day exposure to distilled water and seawater at 23°C on the structure and properties of polylactide was studied. It was found that the melting and glass transition temperature of polylactide decreased by 2°C in distilled water, while the crystallinity degree increased by 9 and 5% in distilled water and in seawater, respectively. Atomic force microscopy revealed

Abstract In this work, the processing technology of enhancement of the interfacial interaction between ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene and natural zeolite is considered, which consists in preparation of a stable monomolecular organolayer of a surfactant on the zeolite surface by adsorption of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide.

Abstract This paper proposes using a modified adhesive based on powder urea-formaldehyde polymer for gluing plywood and facing it with a microthin veneer. It was found that application of such adhesive eliminates the possibility of the adhesive seeping through the microthin veneer, while ensuring high bonding strength and the required decorative properties. The mathematical dependence of the effect

Abstract The prospects for the use of natural-like polymer composite materials (PCMs) in various industries are reviewed in this work. A method for the preparation of PCMs with a liquid matrix is described. The results of mechanical tests of PCMs with a liquid matrix are presented. The materials that may be used as a liquid matrix are proposed. The structure of PCMs with a liquid matrix based on various

Abstract This article discusses the concept of biodeterioration of polymeric composite materials. The main criteria for assessing the biostability of materials and a review of methods for their determination are given. The results of experimental studies of the biostability of composites based on epoxy polymers with various compositions and the biostability of several types of fillers by the soil method

Abstract Systems consisting of ethylene–vinyl acetate copolymers and (aminoalkoxy)silanes are studied. The diffusion and mutual solubility of their components are investigated, and phase diagrams covering a broad range of composition and temperatures are constructed. We find that the near-surface layers of the modified copolymers are enriched with the organosilicon component. The effects that the phase

Abstract In this paper, we study the effect of the spectral composition of light and temperature on the change in colorimetric characteristics during accelerated tests of the light resistance of a composite based on glass-filled polyphenylene sulfide. The activation energy of photodestruction is determined. The revealed patterns indicate the promising use of colorimetry as a nondestructive method of

Abstract Solid elastic reinforced sparsely cross-linked polymers in rubberlike state have been studied. These materials are alternatives to fibrillar “dry” adhesives. The polymers based on sparsely cross-linked elastic polyester urethanes allow one to vary the composition of material, molecular and supramolecular structures, phase morphology, and strain–strength characteristics with a clear “dry” adhesion

Abstract The results of the study of a complex of properties and structure of the experimental samples of fiberglass plastics with an internal vibration absorbing layer are given. It was found that the introduction of a vibration absorbing layer into the internal structure of a laminated plastic leads to an increase in its vibration damping properties but impairs the mechanical characteristics. The

Abstract A survey of recent achievements in the field of modification of cyanoacrylate adhesives that are widely used in numerous fields of technology and medicine is presented. A description of the modifiers and modification techniques used for the improvement of the specific consumer properties of cyanoacrylate adhesives depending on their application is given.

Abstract Characteristics of epoxy film adhesives modified with various rubbers and polysulfone, epoxy adhesive pastes of cold hardening, foaming adhesives, and functional adhesives including conductive adhesives are considered. Advantages of epoxy film adhesives over phenolic-elastomer adhesives are given. Features of adhesion technology with epoxy adhesive and their thermosetting ability providing

Abstract The review summarizes the results of recent studies in the field of synthesis of polymers containing a sulfonic group. Various methods for obtaining polysulfones and their prospects from the point of view of practical implementation are considered.

Abstract The effect of the short-term aging process (RTFO) on the group composition of bituminous binders containing the Polyepor-R rubber modifier and the Polyepor-RP hybrid modifier obtained by high-temperature shear grinding (HTSG) was studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. IR spectra for unmodified bitumen and polymer bitumen binder (PBB) were studied for comparative analysis. The

Abstract Crumb rubber compositions with starch and cellulose were obtained under the action of shear deformations in a closed type mixer (Brabender). It has been shown that the mechanical characteristics of both compositions differ slightly from each other. When the polysaccharide content in the mixture is increased, the elastic modulus grows and the strength and elongation at break are reduced. The

Abstract A comparative study of the characteristics of quartz optical fiber obtained using the developed UV‑curable acrylic protective coatings and imported materials is carried out. Tests of the optical cable based on the obtained fibers showed the promise of using new protective coatings in the production of optical fiber.

Abstract Promising areas of research in the field of the structure of combined packaging polymeric materials consisting of low density polyethylene and paper, surface modification of the paper and methods for influencing the polyethylene melt are examined, the purpose of which is to improve the adhesive interaction between paper and polyethylene. It is shown that the use of ultrasonic processing of

Abstract It is shown that coatings for internal surfaces of the working equipment of road machinery must have good adhesion to the material of the working tools, stable release properties to the processed working media, and good resistance to climatic factors. Various types of fillers are considered, which allow increasing the resistance of protective coatings of the working equipment of road machinery

Abstract Searching for new, high-efficiency methods for dispersion of nanomaterial-based suspensions is an important task that is considered in this work. The criterion of efficiency is the minimum particle size achieved using one or another dispersion technology. The experimental results on the dispersion of nanosuspensions by the methods of ultrasonic and ultrajet treatments are discussed. Ultrajet

Abstract Using the example of engineering products, a model is proposed for visualizing their quality indicators at various stages of the life cycle: during production, repair, and operation. The Liebig barrel was adopted as a model, which made it possible to use the principle of cybernetics, according to which the product at each stage of its life cycle is represented as a set of separate elements

Abstract It is shown that the implementation of effective anticorrosive protection of a steel structure and the choice of its optimal parameters depend on the quantitative characteristics of the corrosion rate. This value substantially depends on the soil moisture, with the maximum value being observed in spring after snowmelt. During this period, corrosion processes are sharply activated, which can

Abstract This article describes a design of a stand equipped with a reusable elastic membrane that performs functions of a flexible punch. The design of the stand allows one to mold small parts using vacuum infusion technology and carry out the impregnation process at various temperatures. The results of the study of the kinetics of the impregnation process using an epoxy binder and carbon tape with

Abstract The results of experimental and theoretical studies of curing kinetics of epoxy-binder-based glass- and carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics (GFRPs and CFRPs) are presented taking into account the exothermal effects. The simulation of the temperature fields and curing degree was performed as a function of the heating rate. It was found that the exothermal effects significantly influence the curing

Abstract A number of coordination metal complexes based on cards and linear oligoarylenamines as ligands with cobalt(II) nitrate in a solution of dimethylformamide were synthesized. To improve conductive and adhesive characteristics, the obtained complexes were reacted with polymethacrylic acid and a copolymer of methacrylic acid with methyl methacrylate. It is shown that the obtained materials have

Abstract Computational data on the structure and compositions of disperse-filled polymer composition materials (DFPCMs) with various fillers and polymer matrices for the preparation of adhesives and sealants are given. It is shown that structural parameters and DFPCM compositions, as well as property–structural parameter relationships, should be presented only in volume units (volume fractions or vol

Abstract Comparative studies of the properties of porous aerogels based on cerium and calcium alginates obtained by supercritical or cryogenic drying are performed. The properties of aerogels were analyzed by means of low-temperature adsorption of nitrogen, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and kinetics of sorption upon one-sided contact with a model fluid. The obtained aerogels

Abstract A review is given of advances that have been made in and trends of development of adhesives, such as glues, sealants, compounds, and optical-purpose coatings, without which progress in optical instrumentation, optoelectronics, laser optics, and other modern fields cannot be achieved. The most promising trends in the preparation of optical adhesives enabling a wide range of processes and performance

Abstract Experimental and theoretical study of the mutual effect of carbon nanotubes and parameters of ultrasound, which is necessary for dispersion of nanotube agglomerates, on the viscosity of polyester resin is carried out. The results of viscosity measurements at varying time of ultrasonic treatment of resin and time of cooling are presented. The viscosity of resin at ultrasonic field with a power

Abstract This article analyzes the influence of quantitative constituents of main components of model compositions (reciprocal solvent, polymer, strengthening component, and filler) on their specifications (yield strength and shrinkage). It has been established that the main parameters exerting a significant influence on the yield strength are the strengthening component and polymer, while the main

Abstract This work reports on the effect of low molecular weight polysulfons (oligosulfons) with terminal carboxyl and phenolic groups and molecular weights from 1200 to 44 500 on the physical and mechanical characteristics of epoxy polymers. The modification of epoxy polymers by oligosulfons is found to increase the glass transition temperature, tensile strength, fracture strain, elastic modulus and

Abstract This paper reports the results of a thermogravimetric analysis of titanium dioxide powders, as well as silane–urethane sealants with these fillers. Based on the results of testing the sealants by thermal analysis, the effect of titanium dioxide powders on increasing the heat stability of hybrid silane-functional sealants to 150–160°C has been discussed.

Abstract Using the example of increasing the fire resistance of high-density polyethylene estimated by the oxygen index, the possibility of directional regulation of physicochemical properties of crystallizing polymer nanocomposites with the combined use of two nanomodifiers with different activities and mechanisms of action is shown.

Abstract The flow curves are plotted and analyzed for bitumen composites modified with tire rubber vulcanizates obtained via high-temperature shear-induced grinding and with butadiene styrene thermoelastoplastics of domestic and foreign manufacture. The efficiency of ground vulcanizates and thermoelastoplastics manifests itself at their various ratios in a bitumen/modifier system, which is due to the

Abstract Samples of high-molecular-weight collagen are isolated from the skins of various animals (cod, pig, and chicken) and characterized by molecular weight parameters. It is shown that the values of the molecular weight and polydispersity index of the polymer and particle sizes significantly differ depending on the nature of collagen. The performed studies are of interest for the area of tissue

Abstract This paper considers one of the current trends in powder metallurgy, the technology of forming powder–polymer mixtures by injection molding. For a powder–polymer mixture (feedstock) with a wax–polypropylene binder of the solution-thermal type of removal, the dependence of the PVT state parameters was studied by volume dilatometry. For each component of the polymer binder, the dependence of