Abstract A thorough rheology characterization of aqueous solutions of diutan gum, in different concentration (2000, 4300, 6000, and 8000 ppm) and temperatures (20, 40 and 60 °C), was conduct in order to determine the following rheological properties: viscosity; storage modulus; loss modulus; complex modulus and complex viscosity. Tests of flow curve, structural recovery, temperature sweep, creep and

Abstract In the present study, several polypropylene/silica nanocomposites (PP/SiO2), containing 3 and 5 wt.% of untreated silica nanoparticles in presence of stearic acid (SA) as modifier agent, were prepared by melt mixing. Various analyses were used to characterize the dispersion and the properties of nanocomposites. Mechanical properties were found to increase and to be mainly affected by the content

Abstract In this report, an open-chain ether-linked polymer (PE-AF) has been prepared via one-step co-condensation polymerization of 1,4-dibromo-2,5-difluorobenzene with bisphenol AF. The new polymer has shown a good solubility in non-polar solvents, good thermal stability (up to 300 °C), high char residue with a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 33.5, surface morphology with random fluffy-like texture

Abstract Rheological measurements of polyethylene solutions in a novel nontoxic solvent were used to determine the Mark-Houwink parameters for PE of widely different molecular weights to assess the viscosity average molar mass for PE of several millions of g.mol−1. Solutions of high density polyethylene that had been previously characterized by size exclusion chromatography were prepared in a harmless

Abstract The multimodal molecular weight distribution of high molecular weight polyethylene combines enhanced mechanical properties and good processing properties. The conventional slurry process produces a high-density polyethylene with mono or bimodal molecular weight distribution, using the classical Ziegler type catalysts supported on inorganic materials. The production of multimodal molecular

Abstract Phenolic resins were synthesized using sodium montmorillonite (MMT) as a catalyst at a concentration of 3%, 5%, and 10%, the reaction time was 24 and 48 h, respectively. The phenolic resin yield was up to 69%. The chemical structure of the resins was determined by NMR, the thermal properties were determined by DSC and TGA, and molar masses were determined by SEC. The resins could not be easily

Abstract The linearized evaporative light scattering detector (LinELSD) incorporates an inverse power function facilitating the characterization of polymers in solution. To show the benefits of the LinELSD, a versatile liquid chromatograph was built by combining a high temperature gel permeation chromatograph (HT-GPC), a fast cooling/heating oven of a gas chromatograph (GC), and the LinELSD. Apart

Abstract Nanoindentation (NI) is a contact method to investigate localized micromechanical properties of materials, whereby NI of semi-crystalline polymers is challenging. The influence of morphological structures such as spherulites or crystal-lamellae on localized NI depth-force behavior is discussed controversially in literature. Hence, the main objective of this study is to determine the influence

Abstract 4-Aminobutyltriethoxysilane functionalized TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2-ABTES) dispersed diglycidyl ethers of bisphenol-A (DGEBA-GY260) were studied for antimicrobial applications. Epoxy nano-hybrid coatings of four different concentrations (1, 3, 5 and 7 wt %) were developed using TiO2-ABTES as the dispersed phase and a commercially available DGEBA as the matrix phase. Triethylenetetramine (TETA)

Abstract The aim of this research was to analyze the crystallites of poly(9,9’-dihexylfluorene) (PHF). The pristine polymer was synthesized through the Suzuki cross-coupling polycondensation and the reprecipitation method. Through XRD measurements it was possible to determine the semicrystalline diffraction pattern of the polymer which after the structural adjustment by Le Bail method showed orthorhombic

Abstract A three-wavelength method based on Cauchy or Sellmeier formulas is proposed for simultaneous determination of the thickness and refractive index without using approximate expansions of the refraction index over the wavelength. The method is also applicable for the simultaneous determination of other optical characteristics together with the refractive index. To test the applicability of the

Abstract Several life-threatening diseases such as malaria, dengue or zika are transmitted by mosquito bites. Although there are several products available for personal protection against mosquitoes, the adequate efficacy of natural insect repellents (NIR) or the adverse effects of synthetic ones are problems that need to be solved. The encapsulation of NIR in low-cost, nontoxic and biodegradable polymers

Abstract The aim of this study is to develop and characterize an activated biochar-based polymer composite for biosensors in smart food packaging. Biochar was made from corn stover and activated using the steam-activation method. The activated biochar (ABC) was synthesized with polylactic acid (PLA) by a solvent casting method. While ABC ranged from 85% to 50%, PLA content varied from 15% to 50% (w/w)

Abstract This study reports the electrochemical properties of Manganese dioxide (MnO2) with four types of conducting polymers such as polyaniline (PANi), polythiophene (PTh), polypyyrole, and polyindole (PIn) by preparing their composites. All four conducting polymers were prepared by chemical oxidative polymerization approach. The prepared composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD),

Abstract Galactomannans can be extracted from various plant species, including those of the Cassia grandis Linn. f. (Fam. Caesalpiniaceae), a native Brazilian tree. The objective of this work was to obtain galactomannans by three different extraction methods and to characterize them owing to structure and rheological behavior in aqueous saline fluids that are typically applied for enhanced oil recovery

Abstract The present work deals with the miscibility study of poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO)/Sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC) blend in aqueous medium using various methods like viscosity (η), refractive index (n), ultrasonic velocity (v) and density (ρ) at room temperature. Using viscosity data, Chee’s differential interaction parameters ‘ΔB’, ‘µ’ and Sun’s interaction parameter ‘α’ were

Abstract The flexible polyurethane foam (FPUF) has been modified with the flame-retardant system of strontium stannate (SrSnO3) and ammonium polyphosphate (APP). Synergistic effect of SrSnO3 and APP on flame-retardant and smoke-suppressant of the FPUF has been investigated by using X-ray diffractometer (XRD), limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94, cone calorimeter (CONE), scanning electron microscope

Abstract In this work, we report the synthesis of polyurethane derivatives from Disperse Red 19 and hexamethylene diisocyanate as well as polyurethanes containing poly(ethylene glycol) and polydimethylsiloxane segments. Polyurethanes were incorporated as films on glass substrates by spin-coating. The polyurethane containing poly(ethylene glycol) fragments formed the best quality films with a height

Abstract Effect of organoclays on formation of intercalated/exfoliated structure in epoxy–clay nanocomposites at 2 wt% filler loading was carried by spectral analysis. Organoclays were dispersed in epoxy matrix by ultrasonication method. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were carried to characterize

Abstract Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets are functionalized with 2-methylimidazole (2-MI) to construct a high-efficiency corrosion resistant composite for waterborne polyacrylate coatings. The functional composites are confirmed structural and morphological investigation of sheets by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR), Raman, x-ray diffraction(XRD), thermogravimetry(TGA), x-ray

Abstract Vincristine sulfate (VCS) was used in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of a variety of cancers, including acute lymphoblastic leukemia, cervical cancer, and breast cancer. However, rapid release of the drug at the site of specific action was still a challenge for antitumor treatment. Recently, hybrid carriers bearing the versatile properties of each component

Abstract The silane functionalized MnO2 nanoparticles were incorporated in polythiophene (PT) to produce PT/silanes/MnO2 nanocomposites. The surfaces of MnO2 nanoparticles were modified with ethyltrimethoxysilane (ETMS), 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS), and 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS) and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. The corrosion resistance of newly synthesized

Abstract Both physical and chemical cross-linking methods can improve the mechanical properties of hydrogel by increasing the cross-link density. In this study, a series of polyvinyl alcohol/polyacrylamide-co-polyacrylic acid (PVA/PAM-co-PAA)-based hydrogels were prepared by using Fe3+ as physical cross-linking agent and N,N’-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as chemical cross-linking agent. The stress

Abstract Thermally stable and organo-soluble polyamides synthesized by polycondensation reaction of novel diacid monomer, 2,2'-[pyridine-2,6-diylbis(oxy-4,1-phenylene)]diacetic acid with various commercially available aromatic diamines such as Pyridine-2,6-diamine, 4-(4-aminophenylsulfonyl) benzenamine, 4-(4-aminobenzyl)benzenamine and 4-(4-aminophenoxy)benzenamine by using Yamazaki’s direct phosphorylation

Abstract The increasing demand for compact and functional electronics has led to significant rise in research interest in the development of versatile energy storage systems. With this perspective notion, herein, we fabricated electrically conducting polymer-based flexible carbon cloth (CC) electrodes and assessed their electrochemical performance. Briefly, polyaniline nanofibers (Pani-NFs) and polypyrrole

Abstract Flax fiber braided yarn plain woven fabric reinforced Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) bio-composites are fabricated using film stacking and hot-press compression molding method. Effect of fiber weight fraction on tensile and fracture properties of the bio-composites is studied and fractured surfaces are analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. It is found that tensile modulus and strength

Abstract The creation of environmentally friendly polymeric materials able to decompose at the end of their service life under the environment, in particular, by replacing the original nonrenewable components with natural ones, is a promising way to decrease the impact of polymer wastes on the environment. The article examines the effect of natural components (castor and palm vegetable oils, xanthan

Abstract Nanocomposites of Polypropylene/Polyamide 66 (iPP/PA66) with a weight ratio of (70/30) filled with stearic acid-treated nanosized CaCO3 were melt compounded in the presence of a fixed amount of grafted polypropylene maleic anhydride (PP-g-MA) in a Brabender mixer. The purpose of this research is to obtain nanocomposites with high-performance structural, morphological, and thermomechanical

Abstract In the present investigation nano basalt epoxy composites have been examined for its possibility in employing new wear resistant material with improved friction and thermo mechanical characteristics. The nanocomposites were fabricated by dispersing (1–5 wt.%) nano basalt particles in epoxy using sonication process. The density, mechanical properties (tensile strength and micro hardness), thermal

Abstract Starch films embedded with Ag nanoparticles (NPs), fabricated via solution casting, have been characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and UV–visible spectroscopy. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak characteristic of Ag NPs is observed at 425 nm in the absorption spectra of the solution

Abstract Impact of Sodium Bromide salt on the microstructural properties of Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) and Sodium salt Carboxymethyl cellulose (PVA/NaCMC:70/30) blend biopolymer electrolyte films were investigated. The films were prepared by conventional solution casting method and were subjected to UV-Visible, XRD, SEM, AC, & DC conductivity studies. Microstructural properties of PVA/NaCMC blend system

Abstract In this investigation, a sample of epoxy resin was modified with different weight ratios (2, 5, 10, 15, and 20%) of a benzoxazine and thermally cured to form films; EB02, EB05, EB10, EB15, and EB20, respectively. The curing reaction of the benzoxazine molecules and epoxy prepolymer was monitored by the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis. The examination of anticorrosion

Abstract Polyindole (PIn) nanocomposites (PNCs) at different wt % of tungsten carbide (WC) were prepared and characterized through various spectral, thermal and electrical methods. Formation of PNCs was ascertained through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectra and simultaneous thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA-DTG). PNCs with 15 wt % of WC has shown improved

Abstract To sodium alginate and acrylamide (AM) as raw material, using ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator, N,N-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) as crosslinking agent, SA/PAM-based fibrous aerogels are prepared by extrusion and freeze drying techniques based on dual network structure design. The results show that the best preparation process is one step molding, acrylamide 50 wt%, 1.2 mm spinneret

Abstract Attention has recently been paid to ink-jet printing inks to more environmentally friendly types and faster methods with lower energy consumption. The ink-jet printing industry has a preference to use ultraviolet-curable inks for packaging and labeling applications. This research reports a simple approach to prepare a water-based UV-curable ink-jet ink based on urethane acrylate to print onto

Abstract Tea polysaccharides (TPS) were analyzed and characterized by HPAEC, GPC, FT-IR, AFM, HSQC, and HMBC NMR as well as methylation. The TPS mainly consisted of neutral (F0, F0.2, and F0.3) and acidic polysaccharides (F0.1) rich in glucuronic acid. Moreover, anti-proliferative activity of the TPS on HeLa cells was investigated. It was found that F0 exhibited the highest inhibition rate (36.7%)

Abstract The aim of the article was to study the possibility to use a sulfonic ester derivative of isophthalic acid as nucleating agent for increasing the durability of poly (lactic acid) designed for 3 D printing. The neat and nucleated PLA achieved via melt compounding were characterized through differential scanning calorimetry, polarized optical microscopy and by measuring its functional properties

Abstract Polybenzoxazine, a new kind of phenolic materials, have the properties of dimensional and thermal stability and do not release any by-products during its curing process, so polybenzoxazine has shown potential for anti-corrosion coating application. In this study, urushiol, a natural phenol obtained from lacquer, was successfully utilized to synthesize a novel urushiol-benzoxazine monomer (UB)

Abstract This study investigated simultaneous improvement in both toughness and heat resistance of polylactic acid (PLA) by incorporating core-shell rubber (CSR), poly D-lactic acid (PDLA), and nucleating agents. CSR was found to provide almost 25 folds increase in the impact strength of PLA with a slight decrease in thermal resistance. PDLA at 5 wt% and three commercial nucleating agents including

Abstract Scientists look for new materials that can be used for the synthesis of drug carriers. Growing popularity is observed for poly(hydroxybutyric acid) (PHB). This biocompatible and biodegradable biopolymer may support the proper growth and proliferation of epidermal cells. In the research, composites based on PHB and containing nanogold have been synthesized. Nanocomposites differed in the molecular

Abstract To sodium alginate and acrylamide (AM) as raw material, using ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator, N,N-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) as crosslinking agent, SA/PAM-based fibrous aerogels are prepared by extrusion and freeze drying techniques based on dual network structure design. The results show that the best preparation process is one step molding, acrylamide 50 wt%, 1.2 mm spinneret

Abstract Tea polysaccharides (TPS) were analyzed and characterized by HPAEC, GPC, FT-IR, AFM, HSQC, and HMBC NMR as well as methylation. The TPS mainly consisted of neutral (F0, F0.2, and F0.3) and acidic polysaccharides (F0.1) rich in glucuronic acid. Moreover, anti-proliferative activity of the TPS on HeLa cells was investigated. It was found that F0 exhibited the highest inhibition rate (36.7%)

Abstract Triblock copolymers display, in water, a rich phase behavior with changes in temperature and concentration that makes them particularly attractive for many industrial and biomedical applications. In an attempt to develop smart carriers with improved properties, additives such as polysaccharides are often included in the poloxamer formulations. In the present work, we examine and compare the

Abstract Hydroxyl value is a fundamental characterization number that is extensively applicable in polymer science. The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) has described several methods to determine the hydroxyl value. However, the routinely practiced ASTM method requires noxious chemicals and involves laborious procedure to determine the hydroxyl value. The described method in this study

Abstract In this investigation, a sample of epoxy resin was modified with different weight ratios (2, 5, 10, 15, and 20%) of a benzoxazine and thermally cured to form films; EB02, EB05, EB10, EB15, and EB20, respectively. The curing reaction of the benzoxazine molecules and epoxy prepolymer was monitored by the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis. The examination of anticorrosion

Abstract Poly(D,L-lactide) (PDLLA) polymer is widely used in biomedical applications. To control the degradation of PDLLA, as well as to ensure effective quality control of the polymer raw material, it is essential to have analytical methods capable of analyzing the PDLLA oligomer species content quantitatively. In this study, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) based analytical methods

Abstract Poly(D,L-lactide) (PDLLA) polymer is widely used in biomedical applications. To control the degradation of PDLLA, as well as to ensure effective quality control of the polymer raw material, it is essential to have analytical methods capable of analyzing the PDLLA oligomer species content quantitatively. In this study, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) based analytical methods

Abstract Zinc oxide-silver (ZnO–Ag) particles and ZnO–Ag/poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene)[P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE)] composites were synthesized by a reflux method and a solution route, respectively. The functions of ZnO and Ag particles on the dielectric properties of the composites were investigated. The effect of the molar ratio of ZnO to Ag on the composites was also studied

Abstract Poly(urethane-malonic-esteramide) (PUMEA), a novel resin synthesized from corn oil-based fatty amide, malonic acid, and isophorone diisocynate, was modified by introducing different amounts of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) into the polymer matrix and cured at room temperature. The chemical structure and surface morphology were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy

Abstract Poly(urethane-malonic-esteramide) (PUMEA), a novel resin synthesized from corn oil-based fatty amide, malonic acid, and isophorone diisocynate, was modified by introducing different amounts of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) into the polymer matrix and cured at room temperature. The chemical structure and surface morphology were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy

Abstract Zinc oxide-silver (ZnO–Ag) particles and ZnO–Ag/poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene)[P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE)] composites were synthesized by a reflux method and a solution route, respectively. The functions of ZnO and Ag particles on the dielectric properties of the composites were investigated. The effect of the molar ratio of ZnO to Ag on the composites was also studied

Abstract The blends of synthetic and natural polymers are extensively investigated as materials for medical applications. Synthetic component usually ensures appropriate mechanical and physical properties while biopolymer improves biocompatibility of the material. In our work, we decided to use poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)—water-soluble, chemically stable, elastic polymer and elastin—a fibrous protein

Abstract The films of poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)-based blended polymer electrolyte films complexed with sodium perchlorate (NaClO4) salt were prepared using the solution casting method. The complexation of NaClO4 salt with the blend of polymers PEO and PVDF was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The melting

Abstract In food industries, especially in factories producing potato chips, large quantities of wastes can be generated that can harm aqueous environments. Before the potato chips are produced, at stages such as cutting and slicing the potato, the potato starches from the blade pass into the aqueous medium. The starch in this aqueous medium can be recycled by centrifuging or decanting before discharging

Abstract Composites of polyvinylchloride (PVC) embedded with different ratios of graphene nano-platelets (GnP) were prepared by the casting method. Some techniques as X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were investigated. The crystalline structure of GnP dominated by increasing its ratio to 2.5 wt.% in the

Abstract In this work, binary poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/nanoclay (NC), PLA/nano calcium carbonate (NCC) nanocomposites and ternary PLA/NC/NCC samples were prepared via melt mixing. The morphology, rheology, crystallinity and mechanical properties of neat PLA and prepared nanocomposites were studied. The results of the X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed an increase in distance between NC platelets in both

Abstract In order to decrease the usage of formaldehyde and petroleum-derived raw materials, there has been a lot of interest in using protein-based wood adhesives as more eco-friendly and less hazardous alternatives. Fish proteins can be extracted from fish and are known to have good adhesive properties. In this work, we extracted the protein from catfish skin and characterized its effectiveness as

Abstract We report the synthesis and characterization of Ag/Au-MnO2 nanoparticles dispersed PVDF nanocomposites having high dielectric properties. The Ag/Au-MnO2 nanoparticles are synthesized by hydrothermal method, and were characterized by XRD, SEM and EDAX spectroscopic techniques. The prepared nanocomposites of Ag-MnO2 nanoparticles and Au-MnO2 nanoparticles dispersed PVDF are characterized using

Abstract State-of-the-art liquid interaction chromatography (IC) allows separation of macromolecules according to chemical composition (CC), functionality or molecular topology in contrast to size-based approaches such as size exclusion chromatography (SEC), which has its limitations in distinguishing chemical structures. Yet, for macromolecules with multivariate molecular distributions, online identification

Abstract An environmentally friendly method has been proposed to synthesize silver nanoparticles using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-cinnamaldehyde (CIN) microemulsion. Ternary composite films with different concentration of Ag-NPs were prepared by solution casting method. The formation of Ag-NPs was confirmed by measuring surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak. The SPR peak of Ag-NPs did not change after