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An environmentally friendly carton adhesive from acidic hydrolysis of waste potato starch Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-12-17 Nuran Celikci; Mustafa Dolaz; Abdullah Sinan Colakoglu
Abstract In food industries, especially in factories producing potato chips, large quantities of wastes can be generated that can harm aqueous environments. Before the potato chips are produced, at stages such as cutting and slicing the potato, the potato starches from the blade pass into the aqueous medium. The starch in this aqueous medium can be recycled by centrifuging or decanting before discharging
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Development of a poly(urethane-malonic-esteramide) coating from corn oil and carbon nanotubes for corrosion resistant applications Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2021-01-06 Manawwer Alam; Naser M. Alandis; Javed Alam; Naushad Ahmad; Mohammad Asif Alam
Abstract Poly(urethane-malonic-esteramide) (PUMEA), a novel resin synthesized from corn oil-based fatty amide, malonic acid, and isophorone diisocynate, was modified by introducing different amounts of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) into the polymer matrix and cured at room temperature. The chemical structure and surface morphology were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy
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Preparation, characterization and impedance spectroscopic studies of Na+ ion conducting PEO + PVDF-blended polymer electrolytes Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-12-17 Kiran Kumar Ganta; Venkata Ramana Jeedi; K. Vijaya Kumar; E. Laxmi Narsaiah
Abstract The films of poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)-based blended polymer electrolyte films complexed with sodium perchlorate (NaClO4) salt were prepared using the solution casting method. The complexation of NaClO4 salt with the blend of polymers PEO and PVDF was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The melting
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Quantitative analysis of lactic acid oligomers from dimer to 15mer in poly(D,L-lactide) (PDLLA) polymers Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2021-01-07 Xiaoyi Hu; Marika Kamberi; Xinmin Xu
Abstract Poly(D,L-lactide) (PDLLA) polymer is widely used in biomedical applications. To control the degradation of PDLLA, as well as to ensure effective quality control of the polymer raw material, it is essential to have analytical methods capable of analyzing the PDLLA oligomer species content quantitatively. In this study, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) based analytical methods
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Effect of ZnO–Ag on dielectric properties of ZnO–Ag/P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE) composites Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2021-01-06 Yongming Zhang; Jing Zou; Shuang Lin; Fanghui Wang
Abstract Zinc oxide-silver (ZnO–Ag) particles and ZnO–Ag/poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene)[P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE)] composites were synthesized by a reflux method and a solution route, respectively. The functions of ZnO and Ag particles on the dielectric properties of the composites were investigated. The effect of the molar ratio of ZnO to Ag on the composites was also studied
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Simplified evaluation aided by mathematical calculation for characterization of polyols by hydroxyl value determination Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Sharwari Ghodke; Prajakta Dandekar; Ratnesh Jain
Abstract Hydroxyl value is a fundamental characterization number that is extensively applicable in polymer science. The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) has described several methods to determine the hydroxyl value. However, the routinely practiced ASTM method requires noxious chemicals and involves laborious procedure to determine the hydroxyl value. The described method in this study
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Comparative study of pluronic-chitosan and pluronic-guar gum composite thermogels Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Caterina Branca; Valeria Conti Nibali; Khaoula Khouzami; Ulderico Wanderlingh; Giovanna D’Angelo
Abstract Triblock copolymers display, in water, a rich phase behavior with changes in temperature and concentration that makes them particularly attractive for many industrial and biomedical applications. In an attempt to develop smart carriers with improved properties, additives such as polysaccharides are often included in the poloxamer formulations. In the present work, we examine and compare the
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Temperature-regulated morphology and electrical conductivity of nano tungsten carbide reinforced polyindole composites Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Sameena Mehtab; Mohammad Gulam Haider Zaidi; Rita Kunwar; Kavita Singhal; Tanveer Irshad Siddiqui
Abstract Polyindole (PIn) nanocomposites (PNCs) at different wt % of tungsten carbide (WC) were prepared and characterized through various spectral, thermal and electrical methods. Formation of PNCs was ascertained through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectra and simultaneous thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA-DTG). PNCs with 15 wt % of WC has shown improved
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Polybenzoxazine-modified epoxy resin: thermal properties and coating performance Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Abdulrahman Musa; Khalid Alamry; Mahmoud Hussein
Abstract In this investigation, a sample of epoxy resin was modified with different weight ratios (2, 5, 10, 15, and 20%) of a benzoxazine and thermally cured to form films; EB02, EB05, EB10, EB15, and EB20, respectively. The curing reaction of the benzoxazine molecules and epoxy prepolymer was monitored by the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis. The examination of anticorrosion
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Quantitative analysis of lactic acid oligomers from dimer to 15mer in poly(D,L-lactide) (PDLLA) polymers Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2021-01-07 Xiaoyi Hu; Marika Kamberi; Xinmin Xu
Abstract Poly(D,L-lactide) (PDLLA) polymer is widely used in biomedical applications. To control the degradation of PDLLA, as well as to ensure effective quality control of the polymer raw material, it is essential to have analytical methods capable of analyzing the PDLLA oligomer species content quantitatively. In this study, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) based analytical methods
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Effect of ZnO–Ag on dielectric properties of ZnO–Ag/P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE) composites Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2021-01-06 Yongming Zhang; Jing Zou; Shuang Lin; Fanghui Wang
Abstract Zinc oxide-silver (ZnO–Ag) particles and ZnO–Ag/poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene)[P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE)] composites were synthesized by a reflux method and a solution route, respectively. The functions of ZnO and Ag particles on the dielectric properties of the composites were investigated. The effect of the molar ratio of ZnO to Ag on the composites was also studied
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Development of a poly(urethane-malonic-esteramide) coating from corn oil and carbon nanotubes for corrosion resistant applications Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2021-01-06 Manawwer Alam; Naser M. Alandis; Javed Alam; Naushad Ahmad; Mohammad Asif Alam
Abstract Poly(urethane-malonic-esteramide) (PUMEA), a novel resin synthesized from corn oil-based fatty amide, malonic acid, and isophorone diisocynate, was modified by introducing different amounts of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) into the polymer matrix and cured at room temperature. The chemical structure and surface morphology were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy
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Investigation on the role of nanoclay and nano calcium carbonate on morphology, rheology, crystallinity and mechanical properties of binary and ternary nanocomposites based on PLA Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-11-16 Zahra Asadi; Azizeh Javadi; Fatemeh Mohammadzadeh; Kosar Alavi
Abstract In this work, binary poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/nanoclay (NC), PLA/nano calcium carbonate (NCC) nanocomposites and ternary PLA/NC/NCC samples were prepared via melt mixing. The morphology, rheology, crystallinity and mechanical properties of neat PLA and prepared nanocomposites were studied. The results of the X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed an increase in distance between NC platelets in both
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Lamellar orientation evolution of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) thin film with 3-hydroxyhexanoate comonomer content difference Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-10-29 Yujing Chen; Chunming Yang; Zhenxing Kong; Juhua Ou; Rui Yang; Zilin Dai; Isao Noda; Young Mee Jung
Abstract The influence of 3-hydroxyhexanoate (HHx) comonomer molar fraction on the morphology and lamellar packing of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHx) thin film under spatial confinement were carefully investigated by scanning probe microscope (SPM) and synchrotron radiation grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) measurements. It was found that the HHx comonomer
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Preparation and characterization of cinnamaldehyde/polyvinyl alcohol/silver nanoparticles ternary composite films Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-11-03 Hongfang Gao; Hui Yang
Abstract An environmentally friendly method has been proposed to synthesize silver nanoparticles using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-cinnamaldehyde (CIN) microemulsion. Ternary composite films with different concentration of Ag-NPs were prepared by solution casting method. The formation of Ag-NPs was confirmed by measuring surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak. The SPR peak of Ag-NPs did not change after
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Synthesis and characterization of Ag/Au-MnO2 nanostructure embedded polyvinylidine difluoride high K nanocomposites Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-11-13 Kavitha Narayanasamy; Senthamil Selvi Sekar; Rajakumari R; Suresh Kumar R; Debmalya Roy; Kannaiyan Dinakaran
Abstract We report the synthesis and characterization of Ag/Au-MnO2 nanoparticles dispersed PVDF nanocomposites having high dielectric properties. The Ag/Au-MnO2 nanoparticles are synthesized by hydrothermal method, and were characterized by XRD, SEM and EDAX spectroscopic techniques. The prepared nanocomposites of Ag-MnO2 nanoparticles and Au-MnO2 nanoparticles dispersed PVDF are characterized using
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Fractionation of chain walking polyethylene and elucidation of branching, conformation and molar mass distributions Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-11-09 Laura Plüschke; Anthony Ndiripo; Robert Mundil; Jan Merna; Harald Pasch; Albena Lederer
Abstract State-of-the-art liquid interaction chromatography (IC) allows separation of macromolecules according to chemical composition (CC), functionality or molecular topology in contrast to size-based approaches such as size exclusion chromatography (SEC), which has its limitations in distinguishing chemical structures. Yet, for macromolecules with multivariate molecular distributions, online identification
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Preparation and evaluation of catfish protein as a wood adhesive Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-11-13 H. N. Cheng; Zhongqi He; Carissa H. Li; John M. Bland; Peter J. Bechtel
Abstract In order to decrease the usage of formaldehyde and petroleum-derived raw materials, there has been a lot of interest in using protein-based wood adhesives as more eco-friendly and less hazardous alternatives. Fish proteins can be extracted from fish and are known to have good adhesive properties. In this work, we extracted the protein from catfish skin and characterized its effectiveness as
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Structural, mechanical, and dielectric properties of polyvinylchloride/graphene nano platelets composites Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-11-16 R. M. Ahmed; A. A. Ibrahiem; A. S. El-Bayoumi; M. M. Atta
Abstract Composites of polyvinylchloride (PVC) embedded with different ratios of graphene nano-platelets (GnP) were prepared by the casting method. Some techniques as X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were investigated. The crystalline structure of GnP dominated by increasing its ratio to 2.5 wt.% in the
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Spectroscopic studies of UV-irradiated poly(vinyl alcohol)/elastin blends Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-12-22 Joanna Skopińska-Wiśniewska; Sylwia Grabska-Zielińska; Justyna Kozłowska; Beata Kaczmarek-Szczepańska; Natalia Stachowiak; Alina Sionkowska
Abstract The blends of synthetic and natural polymers are extensively investigated as materials for medical applications. Synthetic component usually ensures appropriate mechanical and physical properties while biopolymer improves biocompatibility of the material. In our work, we decided to use poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)—water-soluble, chemically stable, elastic polymer and elastin—a fibrous protein
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Effect of gamma radiation on the characterization of chitosan/natural rubber latex polymer blends Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-10-12 M. M. Magida; Sayeda M. Ibrahim; H. H. Elnahas
Abstract Blends of chitosan/natural rubber latex (CS/NRL) with different ratios of CS have been prepared by solution casting technique followed by exposure to different doses (10, 25, 50, and 100 kGy) of gamma radiation. The blends were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, mechanical properties, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The
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Rapid characterization of high-impact ethylene–propylene copolymer composition by crystallization extraction separation: comparability to standard separation methods Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-09-24 Ljiljana Jeremic; Andreas Albrecht; Martina Sandholzer; Markus Gahleitner
Abstract High-impact copolymers of propylene and ethylene are complex materials with several components and at least two different phases, a crystalline polypropylene (PP) matrix and a predominantly amorphous ethylene–propylene copolymer (EPC) normally present as disperse particles. Next to overall composition analysis and morphology studies, fractionation into crystalline and amorphous components
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Ionic liquid-based novel polymer electrolytes: electrical and thermal properties Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Anup Kumar Nath; Rupam Talukdar
Abstract New polymer electrolytes have been prepared from room temperature ionic liquid (IL) and poly(vinylidene fluoride)-hexafluoropropylene copolymer [PVdF-HFP]. The variation of thermal and electrical properties with varying polymer to IL concentration was investigated. The electrolytes had high thermal stabilities. The IL-PVdF-HFP electrolytes were freestanding, flexible films with room temperature
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Synthesis and characterization of novel polyimide/clay nanocomposites and processing, properties and applications Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-10-06 Hashem Ahmadizadegan; Sheida Esmaielzadeh
Abstract Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) with cloisite® 15A clay in polyimide (PI) matrix were matured for gas separation applications. The inorganic cations of clay were replaced with cloisite® 15A as modifier. The altered cloisite® 15A clay showed excellent dispersion in the polymer matrix as evident from TEM micrographs. Uniform dispersion of cloisite® 15A clay improved the thermal properties of MMMs
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Quantifying CTFE content in FK-800 using ATR-FTIR and time to peak crystallization Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-10-06 Kristin Kelly; Geoff Brown; Spencer Anthony
Abstract The chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE) content in vinylidene fluoride (VDF)-CTFE copolymers greatly influences the chemical and physical properties and ultimately determines the application. The copolymer known as FK-800 has a VDF:CTFE ratio of ∼1:3 and is used almost exclusively as the binder in the insensitive high explosive (HE) formulation PBX 9502. Due to the dangerous nature of HE work and
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Chemical modifications of PLA through copolymerization Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-10-26 Manju Puthumana; P. Santhana Gopala Krishnan; Sanjay Kumar Nayak
Abstract Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is an important biomaterial with its easy availability and wide spread acceptability in biomedical field. The most appreciable characteristic nature of PLA is its versatility itself, even though certain drawbacks of PLA like hydrophobicity, lack of reactive functional groups, poor toughness and slow biodegradation rates limits its uses in various sectors. Therefore
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Effect of polyethylene and polypropylene cross-contamination on slow crack growth resistance Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-10-21 Mario Messiha; Andreas Frank; Thomas Koch; Florian Arbeiter; Gerald Pinter
Abstract The alteration in lifetime relevant material characteristics, such as slow crack growth (SCG) resistance, of a virgin PE-HD pipe grade (PE80) with successively increasing amounts of a virgin PP block copolymer (PP-B) was studied in frame of this research. For this purpose, Cyclic Crack Round Bar (CRB) tests were performed, demonstrating the high negative impact of an already small amount of
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Morphological, rheological, and mechanical properties of ethylene propylene diene monomer/carboxylated styrene-butadiene rubber/multiwall carbon nanotube nanocomposites Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-09-09 Hamed Hasanzadeh Kermani; Vahid Mottaghitalab; Masoud Mokhtary; Asghar Alizadeh Dakhel
Abstract A hybrid nanocomposite based on ethylene propylene diene monomer/carboxylated styrene-butadiene rubber (EPDM/XSBR) blend with different concentrations (0–7 phr) of multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) was prepared on a two-roll mill. The role of grafted maleic anhydride (EPDM-g-MA) as compatibilizer and the effect of different concentrations of MWCNT on mechanical properties, morphology, rheological
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Thermal stability of flexible polyurethane foams containing modified layered double hydroxides and zinc borate Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-09-09 Xu Zhang; Sen Li; Zhi Wang; Gaohui Sun; Po Hu
Abstract Flexible polyurethane foams (FPUFs) have been modified to contain layered double hydroxides (LDHs) by dihydrogen phosphate (H2PO4 −). The thermal stability of the prepared foams has been characterized using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) at 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 °C/min heating rates. The experimental data indicate that the temperature range for the two pyrolysis stages of FPUF is about 212–350 °C
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Structural and mechanical properties of edible films from composite mixtures of starch, dextrin and different types of chemically modified starch Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-09-07 Alfonso Totosaus; Ismael A. Godoy; Teresita J. Ariza-Ortega
Abstract Recent regulations restricting the use of one-use-plastics open the possibility to develop starch-based edible packaging material. The objective of this work was to determine the effect of three different modified starches on starch and dextrin composite edible films by a mixture design approach on edible films’ mechanical properties. The amylose content of chemically modified starches influenced
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Comparative isoconversional thermal analysis of Artemisia vulgaris hydrogel and its acetates; a potential matrix for sustained drug delivery Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-10-13 Muhammad Farid-ul-Haq; Muhammad Amin; Muhammad Ajaz Hussain; Muhammad Sher; Taskin Aman Khan; Fahmeeda Kausar; Hatem M. A. Amin
Abstract Artemisia vulgaris hydrogel (AVH) was acetylated (AAVH) and characterized by FTIR, CP/MAS 13C-NMR spectroscopic techniques and thermogravimetric analysis. Flynn–Waal–Ozawa model was used to investigate thermal degradation kinetics. Energy of activation (Ea) values of first and major thermal degradation steps were found to be 128.14 and 116.85 kJmol−1 for AVH and AAVH, respectively. Thermodynamic
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Effects of grafting level and nano-clay loading on the properties of cured NR/PVA blends Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-09-16 Lehman Nussana; Adeppa Anand; Nattapon Uthaipan; Ekwipoo Kalkornsurapranee; Jobish Johns
Abstract The primary objective of this study is to improve the properties of NR/PVA blend which is cured using glutaraldehyde at low temperature. PMMA grafted on to NR with different grafting levels has been prepared and confirmed the grafting reaction by TEM, FT-IR and 1H-NMR. The effect of PMMA contents on NR with 1 phr of nano-clay on the mechanical properties and thermal stability has also been
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Characterization of copolymers of polycarbonate and polydimethylsiloxane by 2D chromatographic separation, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, and FTIR spectroscopy Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Maria Baumann; Christian Wold; Elena Uliyanchenko; Steffen Weidner; Jana Falkenhagen
Abstract The structure and composition of polycarbonate polydimethylsiloxane copolymer (PC-co-PDMS) was investigated by applying various analytical approaches including chromatographic separation methods, spectrometric, and spectroscopic detection techniques. In particular, size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and liquid adsorption chromatography operating at different conditions (e.g. using gradient
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Effect of methoxy position on dynamic mechanical and shape memory properties of methoxyphenol-based polybenzoxazines Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-07-31 Guosheng Lu; Huiyun Yang; Hecheng Zhen; Cuiyun Li; Shanshan Shen; Yanfang Liu; Mingtao Run
Two series of benzoxazines were synthesized from o-, m-, and p-methoxyphenols, two polyetheramines with different molecular weights, and formaldehyde. The glass transition temperatures (T gs) of m-methoxyphenol-based polybenzoxazines are respectively higher than those of o- and p-methoxyphenol-based counterparts. The polybenzoxazines exhibit thermally induced one-way dual-shape memory behavior based
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Hydration and dielectric properties of aqueous solutions of protonated diallylmethylammonium polymer: transition from monomer to polymer Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-08-17 Larisa Timofeeva; Andrey Lyashchenko; Irina Balakaeva; Alexandr Lileev; Yulia Simonova
The high-frequency dielectric relaxation of aqueous solutions of protonated diallylammonium polyelectrolyte, namely poly(diallylmethylammonium trifluoroacetate) has been studied at the maximum water dispersion frequencies, 7.5–25 GHz, and temperatures of 288, 298, and 308 K. Dielectric relaxation parameters have been calculated and compared with similar characteristics of aqueous solutions of monomer
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Synthesis of silver nanoflakes on chitosan hydrogel beads and their antimicrobial potential Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-08-10 Didem Demir; Seda Ceylan; Yağmur Atakav; Nimet Bölgen
The present study involves the fabrication of CH and CH-Ag hydrogel beads and the investigation of the antimicrobial properties. The beads were fabricated using a simple coacervation method. The successfully synthesized beads were characterized by UV-Vis and FTIR. The surface morphology, shape and diameter of the samples were determined by optical microscopy and SEM. The antimicrobial activities were
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Thermal resistance and mechanical stability of tungsten oxide filled polymer composite radiation shields Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-08-13 M. R. Ambika; N. Nagaiah; K. Prashantha
The influence of tungsten oxide on thermal and mechanical properties of Isophthalic polyester was studied in detail. Ultrasonication technique was successful in dispersing WO3 filler particles upto 40 wt% into the polymer matrix and was confirmed through the Scanning Electron Microscopy technique. The mechanical strength of the composites was found to increase with increase in the WO3 content and is
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Thermal stability and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis of epoxy thermosets possessing N,N′-disubstituted pyromellitimide units Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-08-18 Aziz Ahmadi-khaneghah; Hossein Behniafar; Alireza Pourali
In this work, three epoxy resins including diglycidyl ethers of N,N′-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)pyromellitimide (DIDGE), bisphenol-A (BADGE), and polyethylene glycol (PEDGE) were isothermally cured by an amine curing agent possessing N,N′-disubstituted pyromellitimide units (denoted by DIDAM). DIDGE resin was synthesized from the reaction of N,N′-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)pyromellitimide with an excess of epichlorohydrin
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Thermal behavior of aminotrimethoxysilanphosphonate functionalized onto styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-08-17 Adriana Popa; Lavinia Macarie; Ecaterina S. Dragan; Viorica Parvulescu; Gheorghe Ilia; Nicoleta Plesu
The chlorometylated styrene–divinylbenzene copolymer with different percent of divinylbenzene (code: S-6.7 DVB, S-12DVB, and S-15DVB) was functionalized with 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde for obtaining intermediated polymers. The aminotrimethoxysilanphosphonate groups were grafted by one-pot reactions in tetrahydrofuran using three components: polymers grafted with aldehyde groups (code: CHO-6.7, CHO-12, and
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A time–temperature–moisture concentration superposition principle that describes the relaxation behavior of epoxide molding compounds for microelectronics packaging Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-08-26 Fabian Huber; Harald Etschmaier; Hans Walter; Georg Urstöger; Peter Hadley
Time–temperature superposition is a well-established principle used in the constitutive description of viscoelastic polymers. To expand the description to moisture-induced plasticization effects, two epoxide-based molding compounds used in microelectronics packaging were characterized by dynamic mechanical analysis under varying temperature and moisture controlled environments in their glassy regime
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Thermal stability and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis of epoxy thermosets possessing N,N′-disubstituted pyromellitimide units Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-08-18 Aziz Ahmadi-khaneghah; Hossein Behniafar; Alireza Pourali
In this work, three epoxy resins including diglycidyl ethers of N,N′-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)pyromellitimide (DIDGE), bisphenol-A (BADGE), and polyethylene glycol (PEDGE) were isothermally cured by an amine curing agent possessing N,N′-disubstituted pyromellitimide units (denoted by DIDAM). DIDGE resin was synthesized from the reaction of N,N′-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)pyromellitimide with an excess of epichlorohydrin
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Thermal behavior of aminotrimethoxysilanphosphonate functionalized onto styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-08-17 Adriana Popa; Lavinia Macarie; Ecaterina S. Dragan; Viorica Parvulescu; Gheorghe Ilia; Nicoleta Plesu
The chlorometylated styrene–divinylbenzene copolymer with different percent of divinylbenzene (code: S-6.7 DVB, S-12DVB, and S-15DVB) was functionalized with 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde for obtaining intermediated polymers. The aminotrimethoxysilanphosphonate groups were grafted by one-pot reactions in tetrahydrofuran using three components: polymers grafted with aldehyde groups (code: CHO-6.7, CHO-12, and
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Hydration and dielectric properties of aqueous solutions of protonated diallylmethylammonium polymer: transition from monomer to polymer Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-08-17 Larisa Timofeeva; Andrey Lyashchenko; Irina Balakaeva; Alexandr Lileev; Yulia Simonova
The high-frequency dielectric relaxation of aqueous solutions of protonated diallylammonium polyelectrolyte, namely poly(diallylmethylammonium trifluoroacetate) has been studied at the maximum water dispersion frequencies, 7.5–25 GHz, and temperatures of 288, 298, and 308 K. Dielectric relaxation parameters have been calculated and compared with similar characteristics of aqueous solutions of monomer
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Synthesis and characterization of biocompatible poly (L-lactide) using zinc (II) salen complex Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-06-30 Priyanka P. Rade; Baijayantimala Garnaik
A biocompatible zinc (II) complex based on a tetradentate N,N,O,O-type salen ligand was synthesized, characterized and used for the solvent-free ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of L-lactide in bulk at 180 °C to prepare high molecular weight poly(L-lactide) (Mn : 82,600 Da; Mw : 140,000 Da; PDI: 1.70). Poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) was characterized using FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, GPC, TGA, DSC, WAXD, and MALDI-ToF
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Preparation and swelling properties of hydrolysis-resistant superabsorbent composite based on acrylic acid and sodium bentonite Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-07-03 Xiangpeng Wang; Yunxiang Zheng; Chunxiao Zhang; Lina Zong
A novel hydrolysis-resistant superabsorbent composite was prepared via the solution polymerization based on acrylic acid (AA) and sodium bentonite (SBT) as monomers, tetraallylammonium bromine (TAAB) as crosslinker and ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator. The mechanism of polymerization and the structure of the superabsorbent polymer (SAP) were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
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Preparation and characterization of new materials based on silk fibroin, chitosan and nanohydroxyapatite Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-07-09 Alina Sionkowska; Anna Tuwalska
In this paper, a series of porous nanohydroxyapatite/silk fibroin/chitosan (nHA/SF/CTS) scaffolds were successfully prepared using the freeze-drying method. The biomaterials were characterized by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and mechanical testing and thermogravimetric analysis. Moreover, studies of porosity, pore size, swelling properties and in vitro degradation
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Synthesis of a triazine-based macromolecular hybrid charring agent containing zinc borate and its flame retardancy and thermal properties in polypropylene Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-07-13 Zhaowen Liu; Wei Wu; Wenzheng Wu; Chao Liu; Yi Wang; Zhengyi Wang
A triazine-based macromolecular hybrid charring agent containing zinc borate (MCA-K-ZB) was synthesized and combined with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) to improve the flame retardancy of polypropylene (PP). The flame retardancy and thermal properties of PP composites were investigated using limited oxygen index, vertical burning test, and thermogravimetric analysis. The results showed APP/MCA-K-ZB can
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Synthesis of thermo- and pH-sensitive star-shaped poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline) and its properties in aqueous its properties in aqueous solutions with varying medium acidity Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-07-13 Tatyana U. Kirila; Mikhail P. Kurlykin; Andrey V. Tenkovtsev; Alexander P. Filippov
pH-sensitive eight-arm star-shaped polymer with calix[8]arene core and block copolymer of poly(2-methoxycarbonylethyl-2-oxazoline) and poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline) arms was synthesized for the first time. The block composition was 1:1 and molar mass was 24000 g⋅mol−1. The behavior of synthesized star in aqueous solutions was analyzed by turbidity and light scattering at the pH values from 2 to 12
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Fabrication of polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan oligosaccharide hydrogel: physicochemical characterizations and in vitro drug release study Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-07-20 Kaushal Kumar Mahato; Shivesh Sabbarwal; Nira Misra; Manoj Kumar
Hydrogel composites from polyvinyl alcohol and chitosan have been developed by various researchers as a function of their composition for various medical applications. Although, the solubility of chitosan in acidic solvents may limit its wide bioengineering applications. In this article, we demonstrate that polyvinyl alcohol-chitosan oligosaccharide (water soluble) to develop cross-linked hydrogel
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Viscoelasticity, mechanical properties, and in vivo biocompatibility of injectable polyvinyl alcohol/bioactive glass composite hydrogels as potential bone tissue scaffolds Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-07-13 Ahmed Abd El-Fattah; Mohamad Nageeb Hassan; Ahmad Rashad; Mona Marei; Sherif Kandil
An injectable composite hydrogel composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and bioactive glass (BG) particles were synthesized by a physical crosslinking approach. The morphology, mechanical properties, and viscoelasticity of the PVA/BG composite hydrogel were characterized. Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) showed uniform and homogeneous distribution of BG particles throughout the composite hydrogel
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Spectral characterization, antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of poly(propylene imine) metallodendrimers in solution and applied onto cotton fabric Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-07-28 Desislava Staneva; Evgenia Vasileva-Tonkova; Stanislava Yordanova; Rositsa Kukeva; Radostina Stoyanova; Ivo Grabchev
Poly(propylene imine) dendrimers from first and third generation modified with 1,8-naphthalimide units and their Cu(II) complexes have been characterized by fluorescence and EPR spectroscopy. Cotton fabric has been modified with these dendrimers and their color characteristics were determined. The antimicrobial activity of dendrimer ligands and their Cu(II) complexes in solution and after their deposition
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Silicone-enriched surface of immersed polyurethane-POSS antifouling coating Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-07-28 Mohammad Mizanur Rahman; Md. Hasan Zahir; Md. Bashirul Haq; A. Madhan Kumar; Md. Eyasin Arafat; Mohammad Mahbub Rabbani
A series of waterborne polyurethane-polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (WBPU-POSS) dispersions were synthesized. Different POSS contents were used to evaluate the effect of POSS content on silicone enrichment under both nonimmersed and immersed conditions. The impact of silicone enrichment under immersed conditions on antifouling properties was also evaluated. The structure of the WBPU-POSS coating
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Universal calibration of gel permeation chromatography using evaporative light scattering detector coupled with viscometer Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-06-02 Adrian Boborodea; Stephen O’Donohue
The linearized evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD) allows the evaluation of molecular weight distributions (MWD) of a range of polymers using conventional gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and is a suitable replacement for the differential refractive index (DRI) detector in applications which will benefit from fast equilibration, solvent gradients or when working with low polymer concentrations
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A study on the effect of PVDF on the structural and transport properties of polyaniline Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-06-22 P. Jisha; M. S. Suma; M. V. Murugendrappa; Kalyan Raj
The polymer composite of electrically conducting polyaniline with polyvinylidene fluoride is prepared to study the electrical conductivity and structural modifications. The electrical conductivity studies were made by varying frequency from 100 Hz to 5 MHz at room temperature. The AC conductivity remained almost constant at lower frequencies and for higher frequencies the conductivity increased. The
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HPLC method for the determination of monomer conversion and composition during the poly(styrene-r-methylmethacrylate) polymerization Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-07-02 Riccardo Chiarcos; Diego Antonioli; Katia Sparnacci; Elisabetta Gabano; Michele Laus; Valentina Gianotti
Copolymers of styrene (STY) and methylmetacrylate (MMA) are widely employed due to the low price of the starting monomers coupled with their synthetic versatility. A chromatographic method was developed for the simultaneous determination of the conversion degree of the single components of the polymer during the copolymerization reaction and the composition of the produced copolymer. The crude reaction
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Investigation on dual functional epoxy resins containing photosensitive group in the main chain for photoresist applications Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-06-25 Balaji Krishnasamy; Balakrishnan P. Shanmugaraj; Salem Chandrasekaran Murugavel; Lizong Dai; Denise F. S. Petri
Dual functional photosensitive epoxy resins were synthesized by solution polycondensation of 1,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propenone (BHPP) and 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propenone (HMPHPP) with epichlorohydrin. The characterization of synthesized epoxy resins comprised Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectroscopic techniques. The thermal properties
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Preparation and characterization of tensile and bending properties of basalt-kenaf reinforced hybrid polymer composites Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-06-30 M. Umashankaran; S. Gopalakrishnan; S. Sathish
The current research attempts on the development of hybrid polymer composites with the natural fibres basalt and kenaf using hand layup technique. The composites were made at four different sequence combination to realize the hybrid composite with three stack layers, and it was compared with the individual three-stack layered basalt and kenaf composite. The mechanical behavior of the developed natural
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Thermomechanical characterization and morphological analysis of nano basalt reinforced epoxy nanocomposites Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-06-24 C. R. Raajeshkrishna; P. Chandramohan; V. S. Saravanan
In this investigation, nano basalt reinforced neat epoxy nanocomposites have been fabricated. Neat epoxy along with five various compositions of the nano basalt fillers from 1 to 5 wt.% in steps of 1 wt.% were used in this investigation. Density, tensile strength, microhardness, and thermal stability examination were performed as per ASTM standards. The morphology studies reveal that the basalt nanofillers
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Influence of stacking sequence and fiber treatment on mechanical properties of carbon-jute-banana reinforced epoxy hybrid composites Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-06-24 M. Venkatasudhahar; P. Kishorekumar; N. Dilip Raja
Hybrid composites have two or more reinforcement materials with tailored properties. This work deals with the development and investigation of mechanical properties such as tensile, flexural and impact behaviors of five layered carbon-jute-banana fiber reinforced composite which is a novel epoxy hybrid composite. Six different hybrid composites in a woven mat with varying stacking sequences of symmetrical
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Fractal dimensional analysis on dispersion/aggregation state of MWCNT in poly(4-chloromethyl)styrene: effect of UV-induced polymer-MWCNT chemical bond formation and its influence on electrical conductivity of their composites Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. (IF 1.716) Pub Date : 2020-06-30 Tomoya Takada; Ryoga Ushiromura; Takuto Fushiki
The effects of ultraviolet (UV)-induced chemical bond formation on the dispersion/aggregation state of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in poly(4-chloromethyl)styrene/MWCNT composites and their electrical conductivity were examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and fractal dimensional analysis of the TEM images. The composites prepared with UV irradiation exhibited lower electrical