Abstract In current research study, novel chitosan-based hydrogel was formulated via crosslinking graft copolymerization of acrylic acid (AA) and chitosan. Potassium persulfate was used as free radical generator in the presence of crosslinker (methylene bis acrylamide (MBA)). FTIR spectroscopy was employed to elucidate structure of hydrogel. Moreover, sample morphology was examined by scanning electron

Abstract Despite major progress in the field of skin tissue engineering and wound care products, reconstruction of skin defects still represents a significant challenge associated with impaired healing and wound infection. In the present study, a novel antibacterial 3 D spongy fibroin-based skin tissue engineering scaffold incorporated with vanillin-loaded keratin particles was fabricated through a

Abstract For treating tympanic membrane (TM) perforation, a scaffold is helpful for TM repair in myringoplasty. In this work, the green-crosslinked method respectively based on four kinds of polybasic organic acids (maleic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, and malic acid) has been used to crosslink the composite nanofibrous membranes of chitosan (CS) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) for preparing the

Abstract Hydrogel/fiber composites (HFC) improved by bio-related modifications have emerged as compelling scaffolds for regenerative medicine. In this study, by adding collagen-grafted poly-L-lactic acid fibers and genipin as a chemical cross-linker to synthesize polypyrrole-chitosan precursor, conductive HFC scaffolds were prepared. Techniques, including microscopy, mechanical analysis, conductivity

Abstract Hydrogels are three-dimensional networks with high water content become soft and elastic mimicking some characteristics of the extracellular matrix. They can be prepared by using either synthetic or natural polymers, therefore, their combination can benefit the overall of the material for a specific biomedical application. In this study, a semi-interpenetrating polymer network hydrogel of

Abstract Gene delivery systems necessitate the gene therapy, which is a unique approach for applying the tunable genes to treat any diseases. To tackle down the disadvantages of viral vectors like high cost, poor target cell specificity, and inability in transferring the large size genes, the non-viral vectors/carriers have been introduced for achieving better efficacy in gene therapy. A variety of

Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technologies have great attention in different researching areas such as tissue engineering, medicine, etc. due to its maximum mimetic property of natural biomaterials by providing cell combination, growth factors, and other biomaterials. Bioprinting of tissues, organs, or drug delivery systems emerged layer-by-layer deposition of bioinks. 3D bioprinting

Abstract The core objective of this work was to formulate compressed tablets containing captopril-loaded microspheres for controlled delivery. Captopril is rapidly absorbed orally and has a bioavailability of ∼75%. The duration of action after a single oral dose is 6–8 h. Due to its relatively short half-life, a controlled released captopril formulation would bring benefits to patients, including reduction

A biopolymer film serving as a wound-healing substitute was fabricated using keratin and fibrin (extracted from a goat hoof and blood, respectively) via modified Shindai techniques. The importance of keratin and fibrin along with gelatin and mupirocin for the fabrication of a biofilm by solvent casting method is shown in this work. In vitro microscopic images of the fibroblast NIH 3T3 cell lines revealed

The present study investigates the effect of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) addition on physico-chemical, thermo-mechanical, drug release, antibacterial and biocompatible properties of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)-chloramphenicol (CAP) electrospun nanofiber scaffolds. Incorporation of PEG imparted enhanced hydrophilicity, crystallinity, glass transition temperature and cell growth ability and reduced cytotoxicity

Developing wound dressings that improve healing and minimize scarring is of great importance. Chitosan, widely used in biomedical materials, and the chemicals, food and cosmetics fields, shows poor wound healing abilities. In addition, bioactive factors such as epidermal growth factor (EGF) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (VD3), which are significant for stimulating skin fibroblasts and keratinocyte proliferation

Bone tissue engineering is one of the vital approaches used to tackle bone defects in the past decades. This approach is a risk-free alternative to conventional bone graft substitutes, such as autografts, allografts, and xenografts. Silicate bioceramics have improved mechanical properties and biological performances compared with phosphate-based ceramics. However, their brittleness limits their application

In chronic wounds area, there is an abnormally low amount of extracellular matrix, which urges for the extra new biomimetic material to promote proper wound healing. Because of their unique characteristics such as inherent bioactivity, biocompatibility, biodegradability and mimicking the natural ECM, natural polymer and their derivative are widely explored as the functional active wound dressing and

There is need to advance the field of regenerative medicine through a comprehensive analysis of common biomaterials application. Since lots of studies on tissue engineering, drug delivery and wounds dressing have been reported in the literature, the need to analyze these studies and provide directions for future research, makes a review imperative. The use of chitosan, gelatin and polyvinyl alcohol

Living organisms have vast communication networks. When an organism is stimulated, information has to be transmitted by a signal messenger in order for the organism to respond to the stimulus in a biological community. N-(3-oxodecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C12-HSL) is a messenger molecule; it is a quorum sensing (QS) material in bacteria colonies that induces apoptosis. In this study, a conductive

Stimuli-responsive luminescent hybrid nanoparticles consisting of a magnetite Fe3O4 core and a hydrophilic outer shell were synthesized. The shell was a thermo-responsive Eu(III) complex shell, which was synthesized as follows: first, 3-Methacryloxypropyl-trimethoxysilane (MEMO)-co-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (NIPAM) (MEMO-co-PNIPAM) copolymer was prepared by free radical polymerization. Subsequently

This study reported a method for quickly detecting the moisture sorption of microneedle materials to predict the dissolving properties of the materials, and the flexibility of the microneedle materials can be preliminarily evaluated by bending strength test. Fifteen common microneedle matrix materials were selected, the dynamic vapor sorption analyzer (DVS) was used to obtain the moisture sorption

In this study, poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co-piperazine) p(HCCP-co-PIP) nanospheres were prepared. The successful preparation of the p(HCCP-co-PIP) nanospheres was confirmed by FT-IR, SEM, TEM, XRD, TGA and DLS, respectively. The prepared p(HCCP-co-PIP) nanospheres were used for drug delivery system. The model drug doxorubicin (DOX) was loaded in p(HCCP-co-PIP) nanospheres. The drug release properties

Aiming to target vitamin D receptors (VDR) expressed in melanoma cells, vitamin D3 functionalized hybrid lipid-polymer nanoparticles (HNP-VDs) comprising a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) core and a lipid shell composed of hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine (HSPC), cholesterol (CHOL) and 1,2-disteroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphaethanolamine-N[succinyl(polyethyleneglycol)-2000 (DSPE-PEG2000) were synthesized

Here, a newly modified chitosan tetrazole was synthesized and fully characterized for CRISPR technology since by increasing the ratio of nitrogen to other elements, the interaction between the genetic material and this nanomaterial was significantly enhanced. The nanomaterial was added to HEK-293 cells for pCRISPR delivery. The nanomaterials were optimized and showed an acceptable binding ability with

Uncontrolled bleeding causes more than 30% of deaths due to injuries worldwide. Modern hemostatic materials based on synthetic and biological macromolecules focus mainly on the time prior to hemostasis, but the prevention of a bacterial infection is also crucial for increasing survival. Silver is known to exhibit potent antimicrobial activity and strong biocidal effects against various types of bacteria

Polymeric nanoparticles are one of the most studied strategies in modern medicine for drug encapsulation. The researchers' main interest is a formulation capable of administering the medication in a controlled mode and specific site. In this context, stimulus-responsive nanoparticles are highlighted, as these systems can have long circulation times, achieve the disease site, and improve intracellular

A theranostic amphiphilic nanocarrier based on iron oxide core with polyethyleneimine and poly(maleic anhydride-alt-1-octadecene) shell was synthesized, labeled with folic acid and loaded with Curcumin. Fe3O4@PIMF nanoparticles displayed a size of 20–30 nm with a shell thickness of 2–5 nm. Fe3O4@PIMF-CUR MNPs exhibited pH-responsive release behavior matched with Michaelis–Menten model. The MNPs showed

Fabricating scaffolds with biomimetic architectures is an important step toward engineering functional tissues. Electrospinning is a popular approach for creating nanofibrous substrates in which the filaments resembling the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) can provide topographical cues to cells directing their growth. One of the major challenges in electrospinning is tailoring the spatial organization

Electrospinning refers to a technique for producing nano- and micrometric-scale fibers using high voltage. It is a novel and useful technique applied over the last few years in the areas of food processing and medicine due to its versatility and low cost in the development of ultra-thin structures from natural and synthetic biopolymers, facilitating the incorporation, transport, and release of preservation

The polycaprolactone-30% hydroxyapatite (PCL-30%HA) scaffolds were fabricated using Melt Stretching and Multilayer Deposition (MSMD) technique. Different models of guided bone regeneration were evaluated in rat models. Group A, the calvarial defects were covered with collagen membranes. Group B, the scaffolds were placed into the defects and covered with the membranes. 200 µL of the 400 µg/mL BMP solution

The main goal of tissue engineering (TE) is supporting the regeneration of damaged tissues that are difficult to regenerate. The experimental results of the preparation of semi-permeable membranes for cell cultures are presented. The effect of the PLA molecular weight and addition of pore precursors on the morphology of the membranes was studied. The pore precursor of choice was polyvinylpyrrolidone

Controlling wound pain, absorption of wound exudate, and minimizing the frequency of changing the dressing are necessary parameters to facilitate wound-healing process. Hence, stable hydrophilic hydrogels applied in the form of film with the capability of wound exudate absorption and anti-inflammatory drug release may be used as an ideal wound dressing. Furthermore, physically crosslinked hydrogels

The main goal of this work is the design of a mucoadhesive system, based on three layers for the unidirectional release of dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DEX-F) for possible use in the oral mucosal cavity. The different layers were created by the electrospinning process, using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)as polymeric base and polycarbophil (NOVEON® AA-1, PCF) as adhesion

We investigated, unique multifilament suture (UMS) was prepared from animal skin fiber (ASF) and cotton fiber (CF), which can be used for external surgeries and wound-healing applications. The distinctive properties of the UMS is that it shows tensile strength of 85.25 ± 0.09 (Mpa), 81.9 ± 0.46 (%) as elongation at break, 7.59 ± 0.26 (kgf) knot strength, 58.95 ± 0.55 (%) of flexibility and water absorption

The porous polylactic acid matrix has been particularly developed as a scaffold in tissue engineering, drug loading, and wound dressing. However, the loading of active chemical compounds is challenging due to its highly hydrophobic nature and lack of functional groups for chemical bonding. Plasma treatment is a fast, heat and chemical-free solution to increase its hydrophilicity by oxidative functional

Redox-responsive prodrugs were synthesized by conjugating dasatinib (Das)/cholesterol (Chol) to hyaluronic acid (HA) via the cystamine dihydrochloride (Cys), and hexamethylene diamine (Hda) linkers. In a redox environment (10 mM dithiothreitol, DTT), a substantial amount of the grafted Das was released and faster than that observed under physiological conditions. The cytotoxicity of redox-sensitive

In this work, a series of oxidized starch-based bio-nanocomposites (OS/CuO) were prepared and investigated as colon drug delivery vehicles. The appearance of peaks at 400–800 cm−1 of FTIR spectrum, as well as, peaks at 2θ 35°, 39°, and 49° of XRD spectrum could be a good sign for successful synthesis of the CuO within hydrogel network. The effect of Cu2+ concentration on swelling, NPX loading, and

As a poly(D-glucosamine), chitosan possesses the ability to chelate bioactive metal ions such as copper and zinc. In this work, metal ion containing microspheres were formed through complexation interactions between glucosamine unit of chitosan and copper and zinc ions, respectively. The successful production of chitosan‒metal ion microspheres was done by high-voltage electrostatic system. The produced

Among many compounds that due to their properties are widely used for preparation of ceramic composites applicable in medicine is hydroxyapatite (HAp) characterized by good osteoconductivity and osteoinductivity. Additionally, it enables the adhesion and proliferation of cells and contributes to the fixation of the interaction between the implant and the bone tissue. In presented research, a series

Some of the trauma patients (about 3%) suffer from peripheral nerve injuries and unfortunately, it is still a significant clinical problem to regenerate and functional recovery of them. These days, peripheral nerve damages have been treated with various methods and materials. The goal of the present study is to evaluate the effect of various amounts of 4-Methylcatechol (4-MC) on peripheral nerve regeneration

The colon targeted drug delivery has a number of important implications in the field of pharmacotherapy. Oral colon targeted drug delivery systems have recently gained importance for delivering a variety of therapeutic agents for both local and systemic administration. Targeting of drugs to the colon via oral administration to protect the drug from degradation or release in the stomach and small intestine

Functionalized superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles uses are increasing exponentially in chemotherapy as drug vehicles due to their unique size and physical properties. In this study, we have synthesized chitosan coated functionalized superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (CS-SPIONPs) by co-precipitation and suspension methods. Later, we focused on crosslinking with glutaraldehyde and the

Nanofibers were prepared with different ratios of chitosan (CS) and polyethylene oxide (PEO) via the electrospinning technique, and tested for morphological features using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Drug content, drug loading, release of moxifloxacin (MXF) at pH 4.7 and pH 5.5, and degree of swelling were investigated. Further characterization was accomplished via X-ray diffraction (XRD),

Liposome surface modifications serve great potential applications of liposomes, for instance, increasing stability, bioactive liposome conjugates, and targeted drug, gene, and image agent delivery. In this study, novel targeted lipopolymers, peptide 18/peptide 563-poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)-dioleoylphosphatidyl-ethanolamine (P18/P563-PEtOx-DOPE), have been demonstrated to be successfully synthesized

Oxetane-grafted chitosan-modified polyurethane (OXE-CHI-PU) with a photo-initiator camphorquinone (CQ) added was used as a bio-adhesive to heal wounds. The curing mechanism, photodynamic, healing effect, adhesion, biodegradability, and cell viability analyses of OXE-CHI-PU were established and conducted. After application, it can be cured and healed with a 20 W blue light source. The addition of OXE-CHI

Nanomaterials comprise extraordinary physicochemical and biological properties for therapeutic applications including three-dimensional porous structures as scaffolds for tissue engineering and as controlled release drug/gen delivery vehicles due to their small size, large surface area, and ability to interact with cells/tissues. Carbon-based nanostructures such as graphene, carbon nanotube, and nanodiamond

Silk sericin is a natural polymer produced by silkworm Bombyx mori; which has the function of covering the fibroin filaments so that they remain linked together as well as maintaining the structural integrity of the cocoon. Despite its properties and benefits, sericin is currently discarded during textile production as it is considered a side product of silk cocoons during the degumming process. Among

The engineering of biomaterials provides an opportunity for developing new polymeric composites. In this context, the objective of this work is to produce and evaluate fiber obtained from mixtures of corn straw waste and polylactic acid (PLA) in vitro. Treated corn straw fiber (TCSF) was made by cutting corn straw waste and applying alkali, acid, and silane treatments. Corn straw fiber (CSF) or TCSF

For blood vessel regeneration, rapid endothelialization is essential by the effective modulation of vascular endothelial cells (VECs). Herein, microRNA-126 was loaded in electrospun membranes of poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) combined with REDV peptide to promote VEC growth. The prepared electrospun membranes with suitable mechanical properties in the wet state could accelerate

The adequacy of biomaterials is essential to generate scaffolds suitable for tissue engineering studies. The electrospinning technique is a resourceful, quick and cheap way to obtain polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds with an architecture with porosity and adequate properties to ensure the survival of cells. However, some obstacles need to be overcome, such as the hydrophilicity of this polymer. In this

A beneficial mircogel-reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel is presented, aiming at improving its mechanical strength, self-healing, and drug-releasing features. The guar gum based microgel was prepared by inverse emulsion polymerization and cross-reacted with PVA and borax to form a network structure. The macro cross-linker and the PVA polymer chain were strongly bonded to generate a self-healable

Four cellulose membranes were grafted with glycine, L-alanine, L-serine, and L-threonine amino acids. The grafted membranes were characterized by different physicochemical techniques (ATR-IR, gravimetry, thermal degradation and ninhydrin test). The degree of substitution was found to range from 0.29 to 0.85 per glycoside unit, mainly occurring at C6. This structural modification was further examined

Poly(Ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) electrosprayed nanoparticles (NPs) containing Amphotericin B (AMB) were prepared for the treatment of leishmaniasis. Two variations of PCL nanoparticles with positive surface charges, which can enhance cell uptake and restrict agglomeration, were produced: (1) NPs containing stearylamine and (2) core-shell nanoparticles, with chitosan in the shell and PCL and AMB in the core

Gallium-68 radiolabeled DOTA- acetyl-PAMAM coated iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) were developed as dual-modality agents for PET-MR imaging. The increase in the chelator content, acetylation step, and radiolabeling condition had distinctive effects on the physical, biological, and radiochemical properties of NPs. The r2 relaxivity coefficient value of the NPs was 96.7 mM−1s−1. High accumulation of candidate

DTX-loaded folate targeted micelles (DTX/FA-PEG-HEP-CA-TOC) were prepared using a dialysis method and the impact of various processing variables were evaluated on micelle properties. In vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo pharmacokinetics of the optimized formulation were evaluated. DTX/FA-PEG-HEP-CA-TOC exhibited average particle size of 90–185 nm with high entrapment efficiency (53–93%) and pH-dependent

In order to meet the requirements of soil inoculants for release rate and biodegradability, oxidized sodium alginate (OSA) and starch to form a composite material used to encapsulate Pseudomonas protegens SN15-2. The results indicated that OSA microcapsules show higher degradation and release rate than alginate microcapsules because of the lower molecular weight of OSA. Meanwhile, increasing the proportion

Engineering scaffolds that can not only act as a vehicle for stem cell delivery but also support axon regeneration, may significantly improve the treatment outcome of spinal cord injury (SCI). In this study, we developed chitosan scaffold containing human endometrial stem cells (hEnSCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) to provide a controlled environment for facilitating cell ingrowth and differentiation

Hydrogels are polymer networks which exhibit crosslinking and high rheology, with high water composition and utilized for biomedical applications. Self-healable polymeric hydrogels demonstrate the ability to mend architectural damages. Shape-memory polymeric materials demonstrate self-mending on occurrence of damages during shape recovery. Self-repair coatings exhibit self-healing when damages occur

Surface porosity of individual electrospun polymeric fibers provides interesting means for controlling fiber behavior for different biomedical applications. In this study porous polycaprolactone (PCL) microfibers were obtained by electrospinning of PCL solution in tetrahydrofuran/dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and chloroform/DMSO at high relative humidity (65%). No pores were formed at low relative humidity

Designing a temporary substrate to adhere, multiply and form new bone tissue for the bone-forming cells is a challenge in bone tissue engineering. In this article, a new biodegradable and composite scaffolding system was fabricated using an electrospinning technique to augment bone formation using poly-caprolactone (PCL), natural polymer gelatin (GL) and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp). The effect of fabrication

The present study aimed to formulate celastrol into liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LCNPs) through ultrasonication to enhance its therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of asthma. The physiochemical characteristics, in-vitro release studies were determined along with molecular simulations. Celastrol-loaded LCNPs showed the mean particle size of 194.1 ± 9.78 nm and high entrapment efficiency of 99

Resistance to anticancer drugs and their incomplete delivery to the cancerous tissue are the main causes of the chemotherapy failure. In this regard, colloidal systems offer a promising prospect to deal with these concerns. So, in this study, we tried to formulate and optimize Doxorubicin@Sildenafil citrate-coloaded with a new hybrid of PEGylated stimuli-responsive nanogel/gold nanoparticles (DOX@SC-coloaded

This review covers the development of bioresorbable polymeric composites for applications in tissue engineering. Various commercially available bioresobable polymers are described, with emphasis on recent bioresorbable composites based on natural and synthetic polymers. Bioresorbable polymers contain hydrolyzable bonds, which are subjected to chemical degradation via either reactive hydrolysis or enzyme-catalyzed

In this paper, the bio-nanocomposites were used as a potential candidate for controlled release of anticancer drug doxorubicin. Formation of CuO nanoparticles in hydrogels was confirmed using FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDX, TGA and DSC. In addition, gel content, swelling/de-swelling, antibacterial properties, and drug release profiles were evaluated. The swelling and drug release profiles revealed that the amount