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Isothermal (vapour + liquid) equilibrium measurements and correlation of the binary mixture 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (R1243zf) + isobutane (R600a) at temperatures from 283.15 to 323.15 K Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Davide Menegazzo, Giulia Lombardo, Laura Fedele, Sergio Bobbo, Min Soo Kim, Yeonwoo Jeong, Sangwook Lee
The restrictions set by the F-gas Regulation and the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol have pushed an extensive research into alternatives for fluorinated greenhouse gases in air conditioning and refrigeration. Hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs) are emerging as promising substitutes for hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) in HVAC and refrigeration. Amongst these, R1243zf raised
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Ammonia single-phase and two-phase frictional pressure losses in horizontal smooth and straight inner-grooved tubes Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-25 Vasyl Ruzaikin, Ivan Lukashov, Andrii Breus
The experimental study of single-phase and two-phase frictional pressure losses has been performed with ammonia flow in stainless steel smooth tubes (internal diameter of 5.5 mm and 8.5 mm) and six straight inner-grooved aluminium tubes with different nominal diameters (7.15 to 13.3 mm), length (0.45 to 2.0 mm) and thickness (0.35 to 0.8) of fins. Single-phase test boundary conditions correspond to
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Modeling and experimental investigation of oil retention in pipelines of multi-split air conditioning system Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-25 Ziteng Yan, Feilong Zhan, Guoliang Ding, Bao Yue, Zhigang Wu, Hao Zhang, Yanpo Shao, Xiaomin Weng, Jianfeng Li
A multi-split air conditioning system may suffer damage caused by oil starvation in its compressor when the lubricating oil largely retains in long pipelines, and thus a reasonable oil charge based on accurate prediction of the oil retention in pipelines is important. The purpose of this study is to present an oil retention model for pipelines and to experimentally validate this model. The structure
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Quality and quantity trade-offs in clear ice making Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Fabio S. Melo, Rodrigo P. Cardoso, Christian J.L. Hermes
This paper is aimed at clear ice making. To this end, a purpose-built setup that controls the solidification rate was specially designed and constructed to assess the trade-offs between ice clearness (quality) and production rate (quantity). An image-based ice clearness evaluation technique was devised and adopted to compute a figure of merit for the ice quality. 30-ml ice cube samples were produced
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A Homogeneous Relaxation Model Algorithm in Density-Based Formulation with Novel Tabulated Method for the Modeling of CO2 Flashing Nozzles Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Antoine Metsue, Sébastien Poncet, Yann Bartosiewicz
Accurate prediction of the flow physics within nozzles and ejectors working with two-phase carbon dioxide remains particularly challenging. Indeed, the flashing phenomenon in the device often comes along with the formation of the metastable phase, which can severely affect both the flow physics, and the flow rate. Due to the particular challenges associated with building and operating two-phase carbon
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Experimental investigation of critical parameters for the binary mixture of CO2 + R1336mzz(Z) (cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene) and analysis of critical locus for CO2 + hydrofluoroolefin systems Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Bo Tang, Xiaoyu Yao, Xueqiang Dong, Bowen Sheng, Yanxing Zhao, Jun Shen, Maoqiong Gong
The transcritical CO power cycle has been recognized as a highly promising technique for reducing carbon emissions in heat utilization. However, this technology is limited because of the critical parameters of pure CO (including low critical temperature and high critical pressure). To overcome these limitations, one potential solution is to introduce a new working fluid consisting of a blend of hydrofluoroolefins
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Preparation, characterisation and property modification of a calcium chloride hexahydrate phase change material slurry with additives for thermal energy transportation Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Wenye Lin, Stefan Gschwander, Wenji Song, Ziping Feng, Mohammed M. Farid
Efficient thermal energy distribution and rational energy management are effective solutions to address the significant and fast-ascending energy consumption in building heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC). Phase change material (PCM) slurries with excellent thermal energy transportation and storage characteristics have been recognised as promising secondary refrigerants to simultaneously
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CFD Simulation approved by an experimental validation of the diffusion absorption refrigeration system evaporator{fr}Simulation CFD approuvée par une validation expérimentale de l’évaporateur du système de réfrigération à absorption diffusion Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Zakaria Rahmani, Djallel Zebbar, Kouider Mostefa, Sahraoui Kherris
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Parametric Optimization of Ambient and Cryogenic Loop Heat Pipes Using Multiple Linear Regression Method Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Chenyang Zhao, Nanxi Li, Zhenhua Jiang, Xue Zhou, Yinong Wu
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Thermal conductivity measurements for trans-1,3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropene (R1234ze(E)) in liquid phase Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Davide Menegazzo, Giulia Lombardo, Mauro Scattolini, Giovanni Ferrarini, Stefano Rossi, Laura Fedele, Sergio Bobbo
International regulations, such as the European Regulation EU No 517/2014, are pushing the refrigeration, heat pumps and air conditioning sectors to find suitable low-GWP working fluids as alternatives to the currently widespread high-GWP refrigerants, such as R134a and R410A. Halogenated olefins (HFOs and HCFOs) have been considered promising and, among these, trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234ze(E))
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Evaluations of heat pump water heater with liquid-separation condensation from perspectives of performance enhancement and heat exchange area reduction Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Jianyong Chen, Nuo Yang, Junjie Li, Jiacheng He, Ying Chen, Xianglong Luo, Yingzong Liang
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Effects of electronic expansion valve tube arrangement on reduction of two-phase refrigerant throttling noise Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Shaohua Zhou, Feilong Zhan, Tianjie Zhu, Guoliang Ding, Hexin Liu, Wei Chen, Hua Chen
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Research progress of freezing processes and devices for fresh meat products Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-18 Wangjun Cheng, Qiang Gao, Yaoning Sun, Xuezhi Li, Xiaokang Chen, Zhenzeng Chong, Wei Sheng
Low temperature environments can effectively inhibit the growth of microorganisms in raw meat products due to the reduced activity of enzymes, which is conducive to the long-term preservation of foodstuffs. At present, mainstream technologies include ultrasonic-assisted freezing, high-voltage electric and magnetic field-assisted freezing, and liquid nitrogen freezing technologies are widely used in
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Experimental study and model optimization of thermodynamic performance of a single screw water vapor compressor Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-18 Huafu Zhang, Zhentao Zhang, Lige Tong, Junling Yang, Yanan Li, Li Wang, Xia Guo, Rui Tian, Mingxin He, Chongguang Gao
Single screw water vapor compressor has greater advantages under conditions of low suction temperature and high compression ratio, however, the current study has the following limitations: (1) the volumetric and isentropic efficiency were substituted as a fixed value into the models of compressor, (2) The suction temperature is concentrated in the medium-high region, (3) The compression ratio is concentrated
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Effects of Wind Speed on Performance of a Novel Forced-air Ice Slurry Wet Precooling System{fr}Effets de la vitesse du vent sur le rendement d'un nouveau système de prérefroidissement par voie humide de lisier de glace à air forcé Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-18 Yichen Huang, Weidong Wu, Min Li, Xiang Li, Hua Zhang
Aiming at the problems of low humidity and high dry consumption in the present forced-air precooling room, the combination of the ice slurry wet cooling system with the forced-air precooling was proposed, and a novel forced-air ice slurry wet precooling test platform was designed and built. The purpose of this paper is to experimentally study the effects of wind speeds on the performance of ice slurry
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Data and knowledge fusion-driven Bayesian networks for interpretable fault diagnosis of HVAC systems Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 Daibiao Wu, Haidong Yang, Kangkang Xu, Xianbing Meng, Sihua Yin, Chengjiu Zhu, Xi Jin
Timely diagnosis and maintenance of faults in chiller units is beneficial for reducing energy consumption in buildings. In order to improve the diagnostic accuracy and provide reasonable explanations for fault occurrences of the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems in buildings, a fusion-driven Bayesian network fault diagnosis method is proposed based on broad learning system and
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Refrigerant leak detection in industrial vapor compression refrigeration systems using machine learning Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Amal Mtibaa, Valentina Sessa, Gilles Guerassimoff, Stéphane Alajarin
Efficient detection of refrigerant leakage is of utmost importance for industrial refrigeration systems due to its potential to cause substantial impacts on system performance and the environment. Existing research on fault detection and diagnosis in refrigeration systems primarily revolves around solutions based on experimental or laboratory data. However, in the industrial use case, achieving accurate
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Flow boiling heat transfer characteristics and correlation development of R290/R600a mixtures in an internally threaded tube Caractéristiques de transfert de chaleur par ébullition en écoulement et développement de corrélations pour les mélanges R290/R600a dans un tube fileté interne Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Cong Zhao, Yuwei Sun, Hao Guo, Yanxing Zhao, Maoqiong Gong, Zhiqiang Yang
Excessive hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) usage significantly contributes to the global warming. Therefore, there is a widespread shift toward natural refrigerants with low global warming potential (GWP). Among these alternative refrigerants, R290, R600a, and their mixtures have gained considerable attention. However, their flammability limits the charge. To decrease the equipment volume and reduce the refrigerant
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Numerical Study on the Self-pressurization Capacity of Radial Gas Wave Refrigerator Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Qing Feng, Yawen Ji, Yang Yu, Jianli Wang, Dapeng Hu
Gas wave refrigeration technology is an innovative refrigeration technique that harnesses pressure waves to facilitate energy exchange. In this paper, the wave rotor undergoes a transformation from its original axial structure to a radial structure. The self-pressurization capability of radial structure is proven to facilitate autonomous gas circulation, obviating the necessity for a drive fan, according
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Comparative study on energy-saving performance of single- and two-stage evaporative-cooling condenser systems Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-12 Yang Yang, Jun Zeng, Boyu Yang, Linmao Yin, Tianyou He
The mechanical vapor compression system (MVC) coupled with the evaporative-cooling condenser is an effective method to improve its high temperature adaptability. However, this hybrid systems typically use an evaporative cooler as a single-stage pre-cooling unit of condenser and is mainly designed for hot-dry climates. In this paper, based on conventional evaporative-cooling condenser configuration
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Experimental and numerical investigation on heat transfer performance of a single-tube six-fin tube evaporator Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-12 Zhili Sun, Kexin Meng, Hongyu Liu, Chunwei Xu, Qiang Zhou, Qianqian Wang, Lei Yan, Haowei Peng
Tube evaporators are widely used in cold storage, the single-tube two-fin tube evaporator (2-FTE) has the problems of poor heat transfer performance and low tube utilization. In this paper, a numerical simulation method is used to optimize the structure of 2-FTE, and a single-tube six-fin tube evaporator (6-FTE) structure is designed to achieve an increase in the cooling capacity per unit mass of the
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Effects of geometric structures on the sub-Kelvin porous media heat exchanger Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-09 Xue-shuo Shang, Han Gong, Xiao-xin Zeng, Bing-cheng Wang, Huai-qing Cao, Wei Shao, Zheng Cui
A dilution refrigerator is an essential apparatus for achieving sub-Kelvin temperatures. Porous-media heat exchangers used inside dilution refrigerators at temperatures below 100 mK are crucial components that determine their optimal performance. In this study, a numerical model of a porous-media heat exchanger is developed. The local thermal non-equilibrium heat transfer model captures the Kapitza
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Experimental study on the influence of trifluoroiodomethane on the flammability of 1,1-Difluoroethane, isobutane and propylene Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-07 Quan Zhong, Yujie Huang, Huajie Li, Huan Zhao
Trifluoroiodomethane (R13I1) is a flame retardant with an extremely low global warming potential (GWP) and can be used as a component to improve the flammable characteristics of most promising low-GWP refrigerants. In this paper, the flammability limits of R13I1 + 1,1-Difluoroethane (R152a), R13I1 + isobutane (R600a) and R13I1 + propylene (R1270) binary mixtures were measured at 60°C and atmospheric
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Thermodynamic analysis and optimization of a modified cascade refrigeration system using two-phase ejectors and low GWP fluids Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-07 Augusto Veiga de Souza, Paulo Eduardo Lopes Barbieri, Débora Carla Silva Mól, Raphael Nunes de Oliveira, Ralney Nogueira de Faria
This study optimizes a two-phase ejector cascade refrigeration system using a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm for low-temperature applications. The constant area analysis method identifies ejector design parameters employing refrigerants with low global warming potential (GWP), such as , , , and . The results indicate greater exergy destruction with the pair, while the pair presented the
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Data centers cooling: A critical review of techniques, challenges, and energy saving solutions Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Ahmed A. Alkrush, Mohamed S. Salem, O. Abdelrehim, A.A. Hegazi
In order to increase data centers’ efficiency and performance, a proper cooling system should be applied. This article provides a comprehensive assessment which explores current cooling optimization technologies for data centers. Standard traditional technologies like air conditioning, free cooling, and liquid cooling are investigated. Their limitations as well as proposed improvements are thoroughly
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Thermal, economic and food preservation performances of a refrigerated warehouse equipped with on-shelf phase change material Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Long Song, Weimin Guo, Zhaoyu He, Peng Zhang
Low-temperature storage is an important way to maintain the quality of foodstuffs. Meanwhile, the massive power consumption and high operating costs of maintaining low temperatures are the main constraints for applying low-temperature storage applications. Utilizing phase change material (PCM) for low-temperature storage, which can postpone the electricity requirement, is a workable alternative. In
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Experimental study on the flow resistance of inner tube and characteristics of drifting water in a tubular indirect evaporative cooler Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Tiezhu Sun, Tingzheng Tang, Jie Ma, Yongcheng Yan, Tianxin Fu, Huaipu Zhang, Jiacheng Li, Wenkang Li, Haowen Shen, Chao Huan
Insufficient research has been conducted on the pressure losses resulting from secondary air flow through tubular channels in indirect evaporative coolers, as well as the phenomenon of water drift. This study aims to methodically examine the impact of distinct heat exchanger tube structures (such as tube shape, tube material, and tube diameter) and various operating conditions (such as tube length
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Research on modified expanded graphite/eutectic salt composite phase change material in cold chain transportation{fr}Recherche sur le matériau à changement de phase composite graphite expansé/sel eutectique modifié pour le transport dans la chaîne du froid Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Xinlong Chen, Yutang Fang, Zhengguo Zhang, Xuenong Gao, Junyi Niu
Attention to the use of phase change materials (PCMs) in cold chain transportation has increased in recent years. In this work, a form-stable composite phase change material (CPCM) prepared by a novel eutectic salt (NaSO·10HO-MgSO·7HO-HO) PCM composite with modified expanded graphite (MEG) was investigated. The hydrophilicity of expanded graphite (EG) and its compatibility with the eutectic salts were
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An experimental investigation of R245fa flow boiling heat transfer performance in horizontal and vertical tubes Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Shuang Cao, Guanghui Wang, Xuehong Wu, Wolong Yang, Chunxia Hu
An experimental investigation of R245fa flow boiling in the horizontal flow (=0°), vertical upward flow (=90°), and vertical downward flow (=-90°) was carried out using a bare stainless-steel tube (BT) with an inner diameter of 10.02 mm and an effective heating length of 820 mm. The experimental condition was performed under a saturation pressure of 0.6 MPa, a heat flux varying from 4.99–74.60 kW/m
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Performance evaluation of solar-activated integrated double-stage water desalination and air conditioning plant Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Akash Saxena, Srinivas Tangellapalli
The condenser's rejected heat in a vapour compression refrigeration system when thrown into the surrounding air results in its thermal pollution and gets wasted, while it has the potential to be recovered. Another major targeted concern is freshwater scarcity which is faced by the population in many areas. Addressing these difficulties, a double-stage integrated humidification-dehumidification and
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Experimental study of air cargo temperature variations and its impact on mango quality Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 N. Chaomuang, O. Laguerre, A. Denis, Y. Paviet Salomon, P. Mawilai, K. Srisawat, E. Derens-Bertheau, F.T. Ndoye, T. Pongsuttiyakorn, S. Rakmae, U.K. Pun, P. Sirisomboon, P. Pornchaloempong, S. Duret
An air cargo supply chain for fresh mango was investigated from Thailand to France. Measurements of air temperature, air relative humidity, and fruit (peel) temperature were conducted using thermo-hygrometer data loggers in cartons. In a Unit Load Device (ULD) containing 148 cartons, twenty-seven instrumented cartons were placed at different positions to observe spatial and temporal temperature variations
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Maximizing Efficiency in Solar Ammonia-Water Absorption Refrigeration Cycles: Exergy Analysis, Concentration Impact, and Advanced Optimization with GBRT Machine Learning and FHO Optimizer Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Raed Al-Rbaihat, Hussein Alahmer, Ahmed Al-Manea, Yousef Altork, Mohammad Alrbai, Ali Alahmer
A detailed analysis of energy and exergy is conducted on a single-effect solar ammonia-water (NH3-H2O) absorption refrigeration cycle (ARC) using TRNSYS and EES software. Considering the physical and chemical exergies, the exergy destruction rate (ĖD) in each component of the system is calculated, highlighting its contribution to the overall ĖD. The study explores the effects of varying refrigerant
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Power Loss Analysis in a New Oil-Free Rotary Vane Compressor: Experimental Investigation and Mathematical Modeling Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-28 N.A. Raykovskiy, G.I. Chernov, V.S. Evdokimov, A.M. Kalashnikov, D. Kh. Sadvakasov
This paper presents the design of an oil-free rotor vane stage with a new tribological scheme. The new scheme differs from existing ones in that the sealing vane contain protrusions that rest on rolling unloading bearings located in the end covers of the cylinder. Experimental results on friction power losses in the new and traditional stages are provided, demonstrating that the implementation of the
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Effective image processing-based technique for frost detection and quantification in domestic refrigerators Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-26 Hammad ur Rahman, Hassan Akbar, Anjum Naeem Malik, Tahir Nawaz, Ismail Lazoglu
Frost accumulation is a common problem when moisture in the air condenses and freezes on surfaces like heat exchange tubes of refrigeration units. Frost accumulation negatively impacts heat exchange by disrupting the process, reducing system efficiency, and causing operational issues. Therefore, defrosting is mandatory to maintain the rated performance; however, modern automatic defrosting systems
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Thermodynamic assessment of a large-scale magnetic air conditioning prototype Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-26 Guilherme F. Peixer, Anderson M. Lorenzoni, Yan C. Azeredo, Pedro M. Silva, Maria C.R. Silva, Gislaine Hoffmann, Diego dos Santos, Sergio L. Dutra, Gabriel M. do Rosário, Hígor F. Teza, Elias Pagnan, Rogério S. Sucaria, Luis F.P. Cattelan, Diego D.A.C. Reif, Chen T. Hsuan, Allan M. Döring, Paulo Faria, Bernardo P. Vieira, Fábio P. Fortkamp, Mayara S. de Olivera, Jader R. Barbosa
This study presents an experimental analysis of the thermodynamic performance of a large-scale magnetic air-conditioning system prototype that uses a combination of La(Fe,Mn,Si)13Hz and Gd in a sixteen-bed active magnetic regenerator (AMR) assembly. The performance of the system is compared with a previous version which operated in part load with eight regenerator beds and lower flow rates. The experiments
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An experimental study of annular film flow condensation in a micro-fin tube with high mass flux Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Qingpu Li, Xiangqi Meng, Lei Li, Neng Gao, Nian Li, Rui Qiu
In the work, the annular liquid film and flow condensation heat transfer of R134a inside four horizontal micro-fin tubes were experimentally studied under mass fluxes of 500-1100 kg·m−2·s−1. The biggest difference of the tested tubes in geometry is essentially tube diameter and fin helical angle. The influencing mechanisms of mass flux, vapor quality, saturation temperature, fin helical angle, tube
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Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) to forecasting data and assisting the defrosting strategy design of refrigerators Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Chenxi Ni, Haihong Huang, Peipei Cui, Qingdi Ke, Shiyao Tan, Kim Tiow Ooi, Zhifeng Liu
This study proposes using the Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) to improve the defrosting control strategy in frost-free refrigerators. By analyzing data and optimizing control parameters, the aim is to enhance defrosting performance and reduce energy consumption using the time-temperature difference (t-dT) approach. The research involves analyzing performance and reliability data for two
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Thermodynamic design and analysis of air-liquefied energy storage combined with LNG regasification system Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-23 Qingfeng Jiang, Shiqing Wan, Chongyao Pan, Guozeng Feng, Huaibing Li, Hansheng Feng, Bo Meng, Jiayang Gu, Yunchu Feng
For cutting down the energy consumption and improving the cold energy conversion efficiency of the traditional liquefied air energy storage system (LAES), a novel energy system integration solution is proposed by combining the LAES with liquefied natural gas (LNG) regasification process. In this paper, the principal energy storage and energy release processes are simulated by Aspen Hysys. The influences
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Cryogenic vs. Mechanical freezing impact on the quality of the sea bass during long-term storage Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-22 Piyush Kumar JHA, Nicolas CHAPLEAU, Pierre-Emmanuel MEYERS, Didier PATHIER, Alain LE-BAIL
In this study, we compared the long-term impact of cryogenic and mechanical freezing on seabass quality. Mechanical freezing (MF) and cryogenic freezing (CF) were conducted at -40°C and -80°C with an air velocity of 2 m/s. Frozen samples were stored at -20°C for 60 days. We assessed quality attributes, including exudate loss, texture, TBA value, colour, enthalpy, microstructure, and protein denaturation
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Energy, exergy, economic, and environmental analysis of a high-temperature heat pump steam system Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-19 Xudong Ma, Yanjun Du, Biao Lei, Yuting Wu
Industrial steam is widely recognized as a valuable form of heat currency, possessing considerable social and economic significance. As the industry shifts to low carbon emissions, there is an urgent need to reduce CO2 emissions from industrial steam generation. The analysis of a high-temperature heat pump steam system (HTHPSS), which recovers industrial waste heat to produce high-temperature steam
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Study on the mechanism of the optimal discharge pressure for a transcritical CO2 system Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-19 Wenyi Wang, Zuliang Ye, Jiahang Ren, Jialu Li, Feng Cao
The optimal discharge pressure is the essential factor affecting the operating performance of the transcritical CO2 system. This paper presents a detailed study on the mechanism of the optimal discharge pressure from the perspective of fixed gas cooler outlet temperature and the heat transfer pinch point. The fixed gas cooler outlet temperature mainly analyzes the mechanism of the optimal discharge
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Experimental analysis of a CO2 closed heat pump drying system combined with rotary dehumidification for drying banana slices drying Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-17 Zhili Sun, Qianqian Wang, Yingying Yuan, Dandan Wang, Qiang Zhou, Chunwei Xu, Kexin Meng, Haowei Peng, Lei Yan, Rui Jin, Lei Li, Haowei Liu, Yunzhi Wang, Jiale Hu
A CO2 closed heat pump drying system combined with rotary dehumidification (HPRD) was investigated using both experimental and theoretical approaches. The advantages of HPRD over traditional CO2 closed heat pump drying systems (THPSs) for drying banana slices were analyzed. After drying, the drying kinetics and quality of banana slices were investigated. The results demonstrated that HPRD reduced the
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Experimental and numerical study on characteristics of super-linear mass flow rate and asymmetric cavitation in novel rotary-baffle curved-channel electronic expansion valve for refrigerator Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-17 Yikun Yang, Dong Huang, Rijing Zhao, Xinghua Wei
Capillary tubes, as the expansion devices in refrigerators, are unable to actively match cooling capacity and load, which will increase the energy consumption. Moreover, due to the limitations of miniature valve needle machining accuracy and structural strength, orifice-type EEVs are not suitable for low mass flow rate in refrigerators. A novel rotary-baffle curved-channel electronic expansion valve
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Investigations on the heat transfer enhancement of converging minitubes for methane condensation Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-15 Yuwei Sun, Haocheng Wang, Feng Nie, Maoqiong Gong, Jun Shen
Liquid methane is a critical cryogenic fluid that is accelerating into widespread applications. Since the heat transfer process is continuously weakened during methane liquefaction, it is significant to conduct studies on heat transfer enhancement methods. By applying the VOF model, this study numerically simulates a designed converging minitube, investigates the mechanism of heat transfer enhancement
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Thermodynamic analysis for new solutions of data center cooling with adsorption refrigeration and heat pipe Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-15 Xuekun She, Xunfeng Li, Min Xu, Jingzhi Zhou, Junlin Chen, Xiulan Huai, Zhixia He
This study investigated the potential of integrating separate heat pipe and adsorption refrigeration systems as a data center efficient cooling system. Compared to water-cooled data centers, this approach demonstrates improved heat transfer efficiency and reduced energy consumption. The effectiveness of heat transfer in this approach is illustrated by applying exergy and entranspy theories. By conducting
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Research Status on the Physical Properties of Working fluid-Lubricant Mixture Systems{fr}État de la recherche sur les propriétés physiques des systèmes de mélange fluide de travail-lubrifiant Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-12 Zijian Lv, Tianci Zhang, Tingxiang Jin
As countries prioritize climate change concerns, promoting the use of new environmentally friendly working fluids has become a common goal for the industry. In thermal systems, lubricants come into contact with these working fluids and directly affect their utilization efficiency. Therefore, investigating the effect of lubricant mixing on the physical properties of process media is essential to promote
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Research on energy-saving optimization method for central air conditioning system based on multi-strategy improved sparrow search algorithm Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-12 Jian Cen, Linzhe Zeng, Xi Liu, Fuyu Wang, Shijun Deng, Zongwei Yu, Guomin Zhang, Weiyue Wang
Aiming at the problem of high energy consumption caused by the nonlinear, strong coupling, and large hysteresis characteristics of central air conditioning (CAC) system, an energy-saving optimization method based on WTD-CNN-LSTM and multi-strategy improved sparrow search algorithm (MISSA) is proposed, which works to minimize the total energy consumption during the operation of the CAC system. Firstly
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Numerical modelling of a single-compression multi-temperature ejector-supported R744 refrigeration unit for last mile delivery Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-12 Francesco Fabris, Jakub Bodys, Sergio Marinetti, Silvia Minetto, Jacek Smołka, Antonio Rossetti
A novel R744 vapor-compression refrigeration system has been developed to meet the cooling needs of a medium-size refrigerated truck at two temperature levels: 4-5 kW for medium-temperature (MT) refrigeration at 0°C and 1-2 kW for low-temperature (LT) refrigeration at -20°C. This system is designed for transporting chilled and frozen goods efficiently during last-mile deliveries in urban areas. The
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Decoupling Control of an Integrated Direct Cooling Thermal Management System for Electric Vehicles Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 Ning Xu, Chongyang Ye, Yongjun Hu, Junqiang Shao, Xiangguo Xu, Youbin Lin, Jianjian Wei
As the requirement for Li-ion battery thermal management system (TMS) in electric vehicles (EVs) rises, an integrated direct cooling thermal management system with high compactness and energy efficiency has been developed. The integrated system is based on a vapor-compression refrigeration cycle, forming a dual-evaporator system, and adopts a direct cooling scheme on the battery side, which brings
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An intelligent fault detection and diagnosis model for refrigeration systems with a comprehensive feature selection method{fr}Un modèle intelligent de détection et de diagnostic des défauts pour les systèmes de réfrigération avec une méthode complète de sélection des caractéristiques Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-08 Zi-Cheng Wang, Si-Cheng Wang, Dong Li, Zhan-Wei Cao, Ya-Ling He
Feature selection and model establishment are two essential steps for fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) of refrigeration systems. A robust and powerful FDD model combined with a suitable feature selection method can exhibit excellent performance in FDD tasks for refrigeration systems. In this study, a novel FDD method that integrates a comprehensive feature selection method and a deep learning-based
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Numerical study on the effect of intermediate pressure pulsation on COP in the vapor injection cycle Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-10 Sachio Sekiya, Atsushi Kubota, Masayuki Nonaka, Hisashi Daisaka, Hirofumi Daiguji
The vapor injection cycle with flash tank and two stage compressor is known as an efficient cycle. It is known that the intermediate pressure is a key factor for COP improvement and pressure change during the injection process could reduce the COP. However, the effect of the pulsating intermediate pressure of a two-stage compressor on COP is not clear. In a previous study, the authors experimentally
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Evaluating the generality of machine learning-based universal models used for prediction of condensation heat transfer coefficient in mini/macro channels Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-08 Shaban Alyari Shourehdeli, Hamed Gholipour
This research concerns the development of universal models founded on machine learning to predict the condensation heat transfer coefficient. In this regard, a consolidated database has been employed encompassing 8340 data points which belong to the flow condensation inside mini/macro channels. The database consists of 25 working fluids with hydraulic diameters ranging from 0.42 to 20.8 mm, mass velocities
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Performance simulation analysis of a novel dual-piston two-stage carbon dioxide linear compressor Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-08 Fanchen Kong, Mingsheng Tang, Huiming Zou, Shuo Zhang, Zhouhang Hu, Changqing Tian
In this study, an innovative two-stage linear CO2 compressor with dual piston is proposed and its simulation model is developed. The dynamic characteristics of the two-stage dual-piston compressor are comprehensively analyzed. The simulation results indicate that the dual-piston configuration leads to gas forces oscillating around the zero axis, resulting in a reduction in the mean gas force, allowing
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Mapping the waste heat recovery potential of CO2 intercooling compression via ORC Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-08 Konstantinos Braimakis
The goal of the present work is the systematic mapping of the electricity savings potential of waste heat recovery (WHR) from CO2 compression intercoolers via Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) technology. Α generalized approach covering a broad range of target CO2 discharge pressures from 50 to 500 bar for 3 to up to 8 compression stages is followed. The maximum, theoretical electricity savings based on
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Tribological and residential air conditioning performance using SiO2-TiO2/PVE nanolubricant Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-06 W.H. Azmi, M.F. Ismail, N.N.M. Zawawi, R. Mamat, S. Safril
Applying nanoparticles as an additive may increase the lubrication performance of the oil. The present paper evaluates the tribological performance of SiO2-TiO2 nanoparticles in PVE lubricant and its effect on the system's performance in residential air conditioning (RAC). The hybrid nanolubricants with a concentration from 0.003 to 0.01% at a 50:50 ratio were tested using the four-ball tribological
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Experimental evaluation of CO2/R-152a mixtures in a refrigeration plant with and without IHX Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-06 E. Sicco, M. Martínez-Ángeles, G. Toffoletti, L. Nebot-Andrés, D. Sánchez, R. Cabello, G. Cortella, R. Llopis
In recent years, CO2-based mixtures have been considered as a way to improve the performance of refrigerating plants using pure CO2 as refrigerant. Combining CO2 with a fluid with higher critical temperature generates a blend which allows to run a refrigeration plant in subcritical conditions at higher heat rejection temperature when compared to pure carbon dioxide, and consequently reach higher COP
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Experimental investigation for enhancement of heat and mass transfer during regeneration of zeolite 13X-water pair Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-06 Manigandan Sidhareddy, Sumit Tiwari
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Minimizing annual energy consumption using innovative cooling system architecture for diverse climatic conditions Int. J. Refrig. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-06 Omar M. Zaki, Omar Abdelaziz
Separate sensible and latent cooling (SSLC) is a promising technology for enhancing the energy efficiency of space cooling systems. In this paper, we propose an SSLC configuration consisting of an indirect evaporative cooling (IEC) device and vapor compression cycle (VCC) for handling space sensible load, and a desiccant wheel for handling space latent load. The performance of the proposed configuration