A novel sulfur-doped Prussian blue/graphene oxide (PB/GO-S) nanocomposite was designed and fabricated to remove cesium ions (Cs+) from water. Its maximum adsorption capacity was 175.72 mg g–1. And the adsorbent exhibited high selectivity to Cs+ in the presence of competing ions (sodium and potassium) and can reach adsorption equilibrium in less than 2 h. The adsorption behavior was consistent with

Thidiazuron (TDZ) was reported to possess anti-cancer activity against Human cervical carcinoma cell line, so that this study has been conducted for the radiolabeling of TDZ with Technetium-99m. The conditions of the radiolabeling process were optimized and a high radiochemical yield of 93.1 ± 0.35% has been obtained. Molecular docking study illustrated that [99mTc]technetium bisthiadiazuron (99mTc-TDZ)

The lifespan of plasma discharge devices is strongly influenced by the deterioration characteristics of MgO protective layer deposited on the dielectric covering the electrode. In order to attain both lower driving voltage and higher luminous efficiency in these devices, different complex metal oxides protective layers have been extensively studied as alternatives to MgO. However, the interaction between

Radon in potable water increases the absorbable dosage by digestive and respiratory systems. Radon concentration was in the range of 0.92–17.12 Bq L−1. The maximum total effective dose of lung and stomach was 168.11 µSv y−1 for adults. As much as 0.25% of the population in this area is exposed to high dose of radon. Therefore, aeration of potable water in these regions is recommended before consumption

This work present the experimental characteristics study of the versatile gamma ionization chamber that is designed, developed and distinguished in our laboratory. All tests were accomplished under the International Electro-technical Commission. The saturation current curves and the linearity were plotted by determining the operating range and the sensitivity of the chamber. The response is linear

Soybean oil has high contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids and hence susceptible to deterioration due to the presence of lipase and lipoxygenase (LOX) enzymes. These enzymes cause the severe impact in the reduction of shelf life. Therefore it is indispensable to adopt a stabilization step to increase antioxidant levels and to decrease the activity of lipase and LOX enzymes. To carry out this study

A chemical methodology has been selected to isolate and concentrate select trace fission product (FP) elements from separated Pu for nuclear forensics. The methodology employs several different resins and eluents to chromatographically separate U and the FP elements of interest into their own fractions. The U, rare-earth element, Cs, and Ba fractions were isolated with relative yields of ≥ 73.8%, ≥ 80

Poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co-polyethyleneimine) microspheres with the solid structure were synthesized by precipitation polymerization method for the separation of highly toxic uranium(VI). The structure and morphology of the prepared microspheres were analyzed via FTIR, SEM–EDS, TEM and BET. The optimal adsorption conditions were also investigated, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 274.2 mg g−1

This article discusses a new complementary method for gamma spectrometry for the assessment of natural radioactivity in mining residues. The proposed analytical strategy allows us to determine if secular equilibrium is achieved in the sample with an HF-free dissolution process and a robust sequential radiochemical procedure for U, Th, Ra, Pb and Po isotopes. Various mineralization strategies were investigated

GDGT proxies were used to analyze sediment provenance and mean annual temperature in the Shaleitian salient in the Bohai Sea. The results showed that the provenance of sediment in Shaleitian salient was partly terrigenous and partly from the ocean itself. In addition, the terrestrial inputs were mainly from the Huanghe River, and the marine organic matter was mainly from phytoplankton. The mean sea

The half-life of 243Am has been measured by an absolute and a relative method, i.e. by determining the specific activity of 243Am and the specific activity ratio with 241Am. A mixed 241,243Am reference material was produced and certified for its americium mass content and its isotope amount ratios. The characterisation of the mass content of 243Am was established by isotope dilution mass spectrometry

The spectroscopic and electrochemical behavior of the complex of tetraalkylurea ligands with uranyl(VI) and europium(III) in ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(tri-fluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([Bmim][NTf2]) was studied. As the steric hindrance of the substituent increases, the number of ligands in the [UO2(L)n]2+ complex decreases, however, Eu(III) maintains 8-coordinated complexes [Eu(L)8]3+

The beryllium-7(7Be) tracer technique is an important complement to radioactive tracer techniques using 137Cs and 210Pb, which is specifically used to determine the short-term soil erosion rate. This paper reports a new model for radionuclide measurements to estimate soil redistribution for use with 7Be measurements. The approach was successfully tested from a study of short-term soil redistribution

In order to develop radiation resistant membranes for the treatment of high level waste (HLW), ceramic tubular membranes were prepared by incorporating varying amounts of ammonium molybdophosphate (AMP), known for efficient Cs(I) uptake from acidic feeds, for the recovery of radio-caesium. The sorption of Cs(I) onto the membrane increased linearly with increasing the AMP content (10%–40%). Radiation

A comparative evaluation adsorption of 140La and 144Ce from water solutions on chemical ZnO (ZnO-C) and green synthesis ZnO (ZnO-G) by Nerium oleander flowers extract. Various parameters including pH, time and concentration were optimized to achieve maximum adsorption capacity. The adsorption efficiency of 140La and 144Ce was 59 and 69 on ZnO-G and 61 and 44% on ZnO-C respectively. Langmuir and pseudo-second

The selective partitioning of trivalent actinides (An(III)) from high-level liquid waste (HLLW) is considered as an essential step in the management of spent nuclear fuel. The i-SANEX process for the separation of An(III) from the co-existing lanthanides (Ln(III)) in 4 M nitric acid solution and simulated HLLW was studied using a couple of symmetrical diglycolamides (TODGA and TDDGA) and an unsymmetrical

A process hybridisation has been conceptualised in a three-stage process (a) Complexation, (b) Ultrafiltration (UF), and (c) Resin bed treatment. The system demonstration with nuclear plant generated waste was performed effectively by using a 5 L lab scale experimental capacity set-up. In complexation stage, water soluble polymers viz., Polyethylene imine (0.1%), Polyvinyl alcohol (0.1%), were used

Biomass waste is recognized as potential raw material for many adsorbents. In this study orange peel biochar (OP) was modified with amidoxime group. The consequent amidoximated orange peel biochar (OP-AO) was investigated to reveal potential for the removal of U(VI) from aqueous solution. Essential parameters for the adsorption such as pH, initial U(VI) concentration, adsorption time and temperature

The study aimed to determine the impact of COVID-19 on values of annual effective dose equivalent of the natural gamma dose rate of Balod, Durg and Bemetara districts of Chhattisgarh (India). COVID-19 is a severe problem for many countries and to control and prevent the spread of this problem, the lockdown approach has been implemented in many countries, including India. In this lockdown situation

Present study is an attempt to identify the source of monazite deposits and understand the dynamics of natural radionuclides in the coastal environs of Alappuzha and Thiruvananthapuram districts, south west coast of India. The source of monaztite bearing black sands was identified by combining the activity concentration of the natural radionuclides, lithology and drainage systems of Alappuzha and Thiruvananthapuram

There is an ongoing interest of having a somatostatin analog radiotracer labeled with 18F for PET imaging of neuroendocrine tumors. Nonetheless, there is none yet approved for clinical use. 18F is the ideal radionuclide for PET imaging due to its high β+ decay, suitable half-life and ease of production. As with other peptides, the labeling of SSTA with 18F comes along with its complications. In this

In this study, sewage sludge-derived biochars (SSBs) were prepared at two pyrolysis temperatures of 450 °C (SSB450) and 600 °C (SSB600) for U(VI) removal. The maximum adsorption capacity of SSB450 and SSB600 was 43.13 and 47.47 mg g-1, respectively, at initial pH of 3. While the adsorption process of U(VI) onto the SSBs were accurately described by the pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm

Adsorption and separation performances of a microporous silica-based (DAMIA-EH + TOA)/SiO2-P adsorbent towards Pd(II) were systematically investigated under the effect of contact time, temperature, concentration of nitric acid, chromatography etc. in a simulated high-level liquid waste containing 14 kinds of representative co-existing metal ions. Successful recovery of around 97.95% Pd(II) was achieved

On May 27, 2008, a strong earthquake of magnitude 5.3 Richter hit Zanjan province. The radon concentration has been measured and registered at the time of earthquake occurrence at 10:48 local time inside the Katalekhor cave being situated at suburb of Zanjan city. After this event, it was planned to measure and analyze the radon concentration in the same year (2008) and 10 years after the earthquake

The 137Cs bulk deposition samples measured in samples collected at Cluj-Napoca in 1965–1985 are analysed and compared with published 137Cs deposition data from New-York, St. Petersburg, Helsinki and Bratislava covering partially/totally the period 1955–1985. A total 137Cs deposition of 4.2 ± 0.9 kBq/m2 at Cluj-Napoca is estimated for 1955–1985 based on the comparison of available data. The signature

As a step toward licensing a lead–bismuth eutectic (LBE) based reactor design, the adsorption behavior of iodine evaporated from LBE on fused silica was examined. Using inert and reducing carrier gases, depositions with an adsorption enthalpy of − 95 to − 113 kJ mol−1 were observed. These depositions are compatible with a single species, tentatively identified as bismuth monoiodide, BiI. When introducing

Calibration of 6Li enriched spike by Reverse IDMS was carried out by monitoring molecular ion species NaLiBO2+ at m/z 71, 72 and 73 together with Na2BO2+ at m/z 88 and 89. Two independent 6Li/7Li ratios were obtained from two ion intensity ratios, 73I/71I and 72I/73I and the concentration values for lithium determined using these two ratios were in close agreement with each other. The use of heavier

P availability determined the root uptake and root–shoot translocation of micronutrients. Total root 14C exudation was significantly higher under P−Fe− across wheat cultivars. Although malate than citrate was the predominant constituent of the root exudates in wheat, their release was higher under P− than P+ condition, irrespective of the Fe availability.A higher release of phytosiderophores was measured

The 238,239+240Pu activity concentrations in sediments and in water in the Crimean salt lakes were studied. Activity ratio of 238Pu/239+240Pu in depth profiles of sediments was used to estimate the contribution of two main sources of man-made plutonium to the Pu sediment inventory. The most part of the plutonium was of global origin. Concentration factor of the plutonium isotopes in sediments, radiocapacity

In this work, we compare methods for the sequential determination of U and the transuranium elements Np, Pu, Am, and Cm. The chemical yield, the time spent in the analysis, the amount of secondary waste, and the costs of each method are the aspects of interest. Two methods were compared: extraction chromatography (EC) and ion exchange plus extraction chromatography (IE + EC). The chemical yields of

In this work, a prototype Mn-bath was designed and constructed in our laboratory. It is composed of a spherical 304 stainless steel vessel with a diameter of 34 cm. A hydraulic system for circulating the 55Mn solution between the bath and the detection system. The detection system is composed of a Marinelli beaker attached to a 3 × 3″ NaI(TI) crystal detector connected to the Nomad analyzer. A 252Cf

Long-term monitoring revealed that radiocesium (137Cs) deposition that fall from the canopy with litterfall was characterized by forest types, seasonal change, and canopy closure (CC). The sum of autumn and spring 137Cs deposition values divided by the sum of summer and winter tended to have higher values in the cedar forest. The angle of view α when the correlation between the CC size and litterfall

The present investigation has been carried out in the copper mineralized region of Jharkhand, India. Apart from the natural deposit of copper minerals, which is found along with uranium in this region, different industrial sites of copper were accounted for, in the study. The integrated radon measurement technique has been used with dosimeter deployment interval of 90 days. The indoor 222Rn activity

The AP1000 reactor of China would overhaul for the first time. In order to achieve in-service decontamination of AP1000 primary loop equipment, three simulated corrosion oxides of the AP1000 reactor primary loop were prepared by sedimentation-calcination method, and ultrasonic chemical dissolution test was conducted. The analysis of the characteristics of the simulated oxide showed that the addition

The 92Mo(n,α)89Zr, 97Mo(n,p)97Nb, 148Nd(n,2n)147Nd and 146Nd(n,p)146Pr reaction cross sections with the neutron of energy of 14.54 ± 0.24 MeV have been measured by using the method of activation and off-line γ-ray spectrometry. The neutron was generated from the D-T reaction at the PURNIMA neutron generator of BARC. The 197Au(n,2n)196Au monitor reaction was used for the estimation of neutron flux.

Formation of Sc radioisotopes under the irradiation of titanium of natural isotopic composition by bremsstrahlung photons with energies up to 55 MeV was studied. The yield of 47Sc is 5·105 Bq/μA h (g/cm2). Inevitable impurities are 46Sc and 48Sc (1.5% and 9.1% of 47Sc radioactivity at EOB, respectively). 47Sc was separated by extraction chromatography on a DGA resin in HNO3 and HCl media. The separation

In this study, an investigation has been carried out on the potential of radon, thoron and natural radioactive content by collecting soil samples from the Deccan land of Kolhapur district, India. The mean value of radon mass exhalation rates is 12.66 ± 1.07 mBqkg−1h−1 and mean thoron surface exhalation rate is 2300 ± 261 Bqm−2h−1. The mean value of Radon emanation factor is 5.18%. The mean activity

The current study measured the concentration of 222Rn in 36 stations obtained from the drinking water resources of Qom province using Radon detector device (RTM 1688-2 model) in two seasons of autumn and winter in 2017. The results of this cross-sectional study showed that the concentration of radon in drinking water in Qom province ranged from 0.29 ± 0.11 to 2.20 ± 0.81 Bq/l. The highest effective

An evaluation of the geogenic radon potential (GRP) of Johor state, Malaysia was conducted, using field measured data of radon activity concentration in soil gas and the soil gas permeability. The highest GRP value of 53.67 was obtained in the southernmost part of this study location. Kruskal–Wallis test on the median values of GRP data, reveals a statistically significant difference between the soil

Measurement of natural radioactivity in surface soils in a gold mining area and surrounding regions in Bolikhamxay province, Laos has been conducted using an HPGe detector. Soil samples were collected at 65 locations distributed widely in Bolikhamxay province, including 25 samples in the gold mining area in Khamkheut district. The average activity concentrations of \(^{226}\)Ra, \(^{232}\)Th and \(^{40}\)K

There is little available information on the radioactivity concentrations in the thermal and drinking water sources in North Vietnam. In the current study, the gross alpha and gross beta activity concentrations were determined in 8 water sources in the area. The average activities of gross alpha and beta in the 8 sources are 38.7 mBq L− 1 and 88.0 mBq L− 1. These activity concentrations are lower than

Indoor radon (222Rn) was surveyed in a total of 141 individual houses and apartments used precalibrated passive PicoRad Detectors. The radon activity in the soil gas around the dwellings was simultaneously measured. The arithmetic mean values of indoor radon concentrations for detached houses, old buildings (up to four-stories), prefabricated blocks of flats (mostly five stories) and high-rise residential

This study demonstrated the availability of an anion-exchange spin column method for the isolation of astatine-211 (211At) from bismuth (Bi). 211At was isolated in medium-to-excellent recovery efficiencies when loading 211At with 8M HCl (75.3–79.1%), and 8M HNO3 (35.9–54.3%). The processing time of the optimized protocol was about 40 minutes. A neutralized eluent afforded an 211At-labeled phenylalanine

The results based on 2-year long measurements 01 Jan. 2016–2031 Dec. 2017 have been used for discussing the influence of tunnel lining on the size of 222Rn activity concentration and the impact of the employed rock mass insulation on natural convective air exchange. In April, air movement started when the temperature was at least 7 °C lower than the mean inside. Between May and October, an increase

In this work, the radon exhalation, annual effective dose and excess lifetime cancer risks due to the exposure of radon released from raw building materials containing fly ash of different fractions were evaluated. The 226Ra and 222Rn concentrations were evaluated by the measurements on HPGe gamma spectrometer, RAD 7 radon detector combined with model calculation of radon exhalation for standard rooms

The radiolysis of solutions of TODGA (N,N,N′,N′-tetra-n-octylamide of diglycolic acid) in mixtures of Isopar-M (iso-paraffins C13–C14) with n-nonanol or n-decanol at 500 kGy leads to predominant decomposition of TODGA. The radiation-chemical yield of this process is 0.4–0.5 μmol J−1. The main products of the direct effect of ionizing radiation on TODGA are N,N-dioctylacetamide and 2-hydroxy-N,N-dioctylacetamide

In this study, the long-term mobility of natural uranium in the KAERI Underground Research Tunnel (KURT) site was investigated using sequential chemical extraction and isotopic analyses of natural uranium in granite. It was found that uranium(VI) would be leached out due to preferential leaching of 234U relative 238U and concentrated by an uraniferous enrichment process through long-term interactions

The feasibility of electrolytic stripping of U(VI) using an electrolytic separation cell with anode and cathode compartments, separated by a cation exchange membrane (CEM), was investigated as a possible final step in a traditional solvent extraction process to recover uranium. The reduction mechanism of U(VI)–U(IV) in oxalic acid was compared with the well-known nitric acid and hydrazine mechanism

We present a method for improving detection limits of Atom Trap Trace Analysis for the krypton radioisotopes 85Kr and 81Kr. For the case of 85Kr this work demonstrates that systematic use of isotopically depleted gas for calibration and extended conditioning of the instrument results in a detection limit of 900 85Kr atoms per 11 µl of Kr gas, equivalent to a 85Kr/Kr isotopic abundance of 3 × 10–15

In this paper, we theoretically investigate 21 projectile-target combinations of stable isotopes for the pre-synthesis parameters and production cross sections of the unknown superheavy 309,312126 nuclei. It is found that 61Ni + 248Cf and 64Ni + 248Cf combinations are the best candidates for the synthesis of the 309,312126 isotopes due to their largest cross sections of 0.03 and 3.6 pb, respectively

A method employing 137Cs sorption to copper hexacyanoferrate (Cu2[Fe(CN)6])-coated fibers for determining 137Cs activity in seawater is presented in this paper. The Cu2[Fe(CN)6]-coated fibers were packed into a PVC cartridge and used to treat 300 L of seawater, exhibiting a 137Cs sorption efficiency of above 99%. The Cu2[Fe(CN)6]-fiber samples containing 137Cs were subsequently dried and placed into

Mesoporous ZrO2/SBA-15 materials were prepared for the first time by a one-step method using ZrO2 as zirconium source and their uranium (U(VI)) adsorption behavior were studied. The influence of ZrO2 content on the structure, morphology and hydrothermal stability of the obtained ZrO2/SBA-15 was investigated. It was found that the structural order of ZrO2/SBA-15 decreased with increasing ZrO2 content

This work compared the adsorption behavior of UF6 and MoF6 on the NaF adsorbents. The results indicated that the amount of UF6 adsorbed on NaF adsorbents is six times that of MoF6 adsorbed on NaF adsorbents on the static adsorption model and the initial adsorption rate was as higher as 103 times, while in dynamic co-adsorption the difference in the adsorption amount was greater than 300; UF6 had a

This paper describes radon mass exhalation rate (\({J}_{m })\) and thoron surface exhalation rate (\({J}_{s}\)) of 46 soil samples of district Faridabad, Southern Haryana, India. Scintillation detector based SMART RnDuo (AQTEK System, India) coupled with exhalation chamber was used. Outdoor gamma exposure rate was measured by GM counter based survey meter. \({J}_{m }\) of one sample and \({J}_{s}\)

Transuranic metals such as plutonium usually need to be protected in inert gases to inhibit oxidation and produce aerosols. In the paper, the oxidation reaction process of plutonium was depicted based on the point defect model. The aerosol generation rate was approximated to the oxidation rate of plutonium when the oxidation layer keeps constant. The results show that the rate is strongly dependent

Identification of a failed fuel subassembly due to the dry rupture of its fuel pin in Fast Breeder Test Reactor was accomplished from the measurement of the degree of burn-up of the fuel. In the present paper, a method for the measurement of krypton radionuclides ratios by means of gamma-ray spectrometry is suggested. The method has been applied both for determination of the degree of fuel burn-up

In this study, we proposed a novel multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) doping strategy. Based on the composite cross-linking effect, CuFC was encapsulated by Calcium alginate (CA), and Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and MWCNT were introduced into the pellet-forming process to form composite microsphere with excellent mechanical strength. The composite microsphere was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS

Six flavonoids (naringenin, genistein, apigenin, luteolin, quercetin and myricetin) differing in number and arrangement of –OH groups in B and C-rings were γ-irradiated (100 kGy) and studied for structural changes, antioxidant (AO) and radioprotective (RP) activities. Quercetin and myricetin were highly radiosensitive and presence of C-ring 3-OH besides other structural features have resulted in C-ring

The interlaboratory comparison that 148 laboratories participated was performed to understand the validity and variability of measurements with NaI(Tl) scintillation detectors for samples near the standard limit for radioactive cesium in general foods in Japan. Brown rice grains with certified massic activity of radioactive cesium were used as test samples. The medians of the reported massic activities