The equilibrium potentials of U3+/U couple, triple U–Ga–In and U–Ga–Al alloys versus Cl−/Cl2 reference electrode in the temperature range 723–823 K in fused LiCl–KCl eutectic in inert atmosphere were carried out by open-circuit potentiometry. The apparent standard potentials of U3+/U couple and triple alloys were determined. The activity, solubility and activity coefficients of uranium in bimetallic

Prompt gamma ray analysis of sulfur-contaminated soil samples was carried out using a Genie 16 DD portable neutron generator and a 12.7 cm × 12.7 cm (diameter × height) BGO detector. The minimum detectable concentration MDC ± \(\sigma_{\text{MDC}}\) was measured from soil samples containing 4.4, 7.1, 9.6, and 13.47 wt% sulfur using the 5.42 MeV sulfur capture gamma rays. The measured value of MDC 

In this work, a timeline map regarding the construction and the development of the archaeological Roman city Cuicul, Algeria, was established by thermoluminecence dating technique. The city was first subdivided into 10 main zones according to the observable architecture similarities and extensions. Already tested thermoluminescence dating procedure (Kharfi et al. in J Radioanal Nucl Chem 320:395–403

This investigation made it possible to compare the sorption capacity of mineral and organic sorbents in respect to U(VI). In order to establish the patterns of sorption, natural sorbents with a high content of rock-forming mineral were used: glauconite, diatomite, zeolite, peat, brown and hard coals, shungite. Each sample was characterized using X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence method, scanning

Promethium-147 (147Pm) has numerous applications in the manufacturing of unique devices for monitoring production processes. Previous studies have focused on the production of 147Pm using high-flux reactors. Moreover, the applied separation method is often based on extraction chromatography. In this study, the production of 147Pm is evaluated by the irradiation of a neodymium (Nd) target in a medium-flux

A non-destructive wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric method for direct determination of uranium and plutonium in as fabricated annular sintered (U, Pu)O2 mixed oxide (MOX) pellets avoiding the traditional cumbersome sample preparation involving dissolution or comminution–pelletization of sample has been developed. Sintered (U, Pu)O2 MOX pellets were directly analyzed using

A system for detecting explosives in walls based on the tagged neutron method was established. An associated particle neutron generator ING-27 developed by the All-Russian Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA) is used as the neutron source, two yttrium lutetium silicate (LYSO) detectors are used for the γ detector, and a silicon detector is used as the α detector. The α-γ coincidence spectra of

A novel sulphonamide derivative (EPBS) was prepared at high yield and characterized by 1H NMR and infrared radiation spectroscopy. Its cytotoxic activity was examined in breast carcinoma (MCF-7) cells at a dose of 25 μg/mL. Approximately 68 percent effective inhibition has been achieved. Furthermore, the synthesized ligand was directly radiolabeled with technetium-99m using sodium borohydride. High

In nuclear reaction experiments, the thin targets are required. In the present work, 30 thin 116Sn targets were prepared using physical vapor deposition technique (preferable for thin film fabrication) on carbon backing with usage efficiency of 98%. The carbon-backed thin target films along with the parting agents are deposited on the particular substrates using a diffusion pump based coating unit

In this work, the 2-AMPR resin was used to separate rhenium from uranium in acidic aqueous solution. The morphology and structure of 2-AMPR before and after adsorption were characterized using SEM, FT-IR, and XPS. In both the static and dynamic adsorption–desorption experiments, the 2-AMPR resin showed excellent enrichment capacity for rhenium, which means that the 2-AMPR anion exchange resin has good

40 small watersheds in the Source Area of the Yellow River were investigated recently to sample surface waters, groundwater and ground ice, and their water isotopic signatures (2H, 18O, 3H, and 222Rn) have been measured. A novel isotope mass balance approach was developed to estimate annual surface and surface flow discharges in catchment combined water age dating. This approach revealed the changing

The 115In(n,2n)114mIn and 197Au(n,2n)196Au reaction cross sections have been measured relative to the 27Al(n,α)24Na monitor reaction at the two different incident neutron energies of 13.520 ± 0.005 MeV and 14.54 ± 0.24 MeV. The neutrons from the D-T fusion reaction at the Purnima neutron generator were used for activation followed by off-line γ-ray spectrometry. The uncertainty propagation and correlation

Samples like p-type silicon and metallic glasses containing boron, were taken and used as target to induce the reaction 10B (n,α)7Li. In addition, samples containing lithium were also irradiated with thermal neutrons to induce 6Li (n,α)3H reaction. The alpha particles emitted through the reactions lose energy while traversing through the sample from point of emission to the surface and can be detected

Radiation-chemical stability of ionic liquid [Hbet][Tf2N] has been investigated under gamma irradiation for Nd2O3 separation from simulated spent nuclear fuels. It was found that Nd2O3 dissolution decreases with increasing absorbed dose of [Hbet][Tf2N]. However, the dissolution ability of irradiated [Hbet][Tf2N] to Nd2O3 can be regenerated after washing with water. The radiolytic products of [Hbet][Tf2N]

Samples of boron (B) doped g-C3N4 (BCN) and boron nitride (BN) composite (BN/BCN) were synthesized by a simple in situ technique by varying BN content in the range of 1–10% mass fraction and boron contents are crucial for improving the activity of the composites. The composites were characterized by PXRD and FTIR in order to confirm their successful formation. Prompt Gamma Neutron Activation Analysis

A new strong base anion exchange resin (LSL-1) was synthesized by grafting trimethylamine groups onto polystyrene-divinylbenzene microspheres and used for the selective recovery of Re(VII) from U(VI)-containing effluent. The morphology and structural properties of LSL-1 were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

In order to elucidate the coordination structure and bonding properties between Am(III) and carbonate ion (CO32−), the geometric and electronic structures of the Am(III) carbonate complexes were systematically studied by scalar-relativistic density function theory. The bonding nature between Am atom and ligands was explored by the analyses of the natural bond orbital, quantum theory of atoms-in-molecules

The latest years, most of the detached dwellings in Tashkent city have been constructed with two or three floors houses by using burnt bricks. Dynamic increase of these houses with using of different building materials demands us to know about the radon quantity in the new houses. The main objective of this study is to perform measurements of radon indoor, in winter and summer, to determinate the annual

Feasibility of 199Au production from neutron activated platinum and gold targets at the Egyptian Second Research Reactor was studied. A comparison between theoretical calculations and experimental measurements for the two targets was carried out. A radiochemical separation of 199Au from irradiated Pt target was achieved using chromatographic column packed with modified chabazite material with elution

Magnetic Au/Fe3O4/poly(styrene-sodium styrene sulphonate) composite microspheres (Au/Fe3O4/P(St-NaSS) CMs) were successfully prepared via a gamma-radiation method. Au and Fe3O4 were formed at the same time under irradiation and well dispersed on uniform P(St-NaSS) microspheres. The as-prepared CMs exhibit good catalytic properties and recyclable performances for the catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol

Clinically used radioprotectors, amifostine and cysteamine, have been shown to possess free-radical scavenging activities. Natural antioxidants also possess free-radical scavenging activities, some of which have been shown to have radioprotective capability. We carried out a quantitative determination of the scavenging abilities in amifostine and cysteamine and compared the potencies with natural antioxidants

Filter paper-based optical sensors (FPOS) offer rapid and sensitive quantification of analytes. Herein we report, a simple, sensitive, selective and low-cost FPOS for Th(IV) determination. Filter paper strips, impregnated with Morin reagent are reacted with Th(IV) yielding an intense yellow complex whose RGB (red/green/blue) color intensities made the basis of the assessment. A plot of the blue channel

Aiming to develop specific diagnostic tool for invasive fungal infection, a radiopharmaceutical based on anidulafungin was investigated. A two-step approach was used to label the drug with technetium-99m to retain its biological activity. 99mTc-tricarbonyl-Anidulafugin complex was obtained in high radiochemical yield (~98%). The complex was radio-chemically characterized and physico-chemically evaluated

In this study pin hole dosimeter with deposition based progeny sensors were used to estimate 222Rn, 220Rn and their daughters in the indoor atmosphere. The estimated annual average indoor 222Rn and 220Rn activity concentration were found to be 76.4 Bq m−3 and 93.5 Bq m−3, respectively. The mean value of EEC for radon and thoron was 45.5 Bq m−3 and 1.3 Bq m−3 respectively. The annual effective dose

In this study, radon (222Rn) measurements were taken at a soil depth of 0.70 m in the northwest of Huahai Basin in Gansu Province, China. It ranged from 110 to 3715 Bq m−3 with mean value of 1368 Bq m−3. In the soil samples, most element compositions were close to the background data in China, whereas the U content was 91 ppm in the well ZHK3-1. These results indicate that higher radon level are related

Abstract The lithium isotope separation (LIS) plays a vital role in development of nuclear industry. The liquid–liquid extraction technologies open up new possibilities for LIS. This work presents preliminary results of the study on the extractions and separation of 6Li/7Li by mixed system, comprising amino-derivatives of benzo-15-crown-5 (4AB), ionic liquid and anisole. 4AB was used as an extractant

An experimental detection system based on tagged neutron method was developed for detecting the explosives embedded in a concrete wall. The simulant samples of TNT and ammonium nitrate were tested by this system under different conditions. The experimental results were compared with the MCNPX code simulation results and have good consistency. On this basis, the simulation of RDX and Tetryl explosives

Four genotypes of soybean viz. NRC-45, IC-18734, J-231 and G-2132, which differ in their inherent ability to tolerate iron limiting stress, were selected as representative genotypes for iron efficient and responsive (FeER), iron inefficient and responsive (FeIR), iron efficient and nonresponsive (FeENR) and iron inefficient and nonresponsive (FeINR) categories, respectively. The relative performance

The aim of this study is to evaluate the radioactivity levels and radiological impacts of representative neoproterozoic rocks: monzogranite, dokhan volcanics, syenogranite, granodiorite, gabbro and metabasalt samples collected from Wadi Um Huytat region in central eastern desert of Egypt using HPGe detector and Alpha GUARD. Remotely sensed data (Landsat 8 OLI) also used in order to appear the high

The silica gel functionalized tris(2-aminoethyl)amine moiety (SG-TAEA-NH2) has been successfully used for capturing aqueous uranium ion by batch sorption. Various sorption experiments are performed using several variables such as pH, initial concentration, contact time, and temperature. These variables enable us to study the thermodynamic and kinetic of sorption, which in turn, leads to know more about

In this paper, a review of radioactive wastes treatment using thermal plasma technology is presented as a treatment method for radioactive waste management. Virtually all waste streams can be treated by the thermal plasma technologies, resulting in a conditioned product, free from organics and liquids, definitely meeting the acceptance criteria for safe storage and disposal. The application of the

The aim of this study is the development of a separation technique for geological samples, namely bismuthinites, with the goal to isolate Tl from excess amounts of Bi. This will enable an isotopic measurement of the Tl content on the ultra-trace level to identify a possible signature of Bi α-decay. The separation of Tl from other elements like e.g. Pb has been the subject of numerous studies. However

A new method for separation and purification of 227Ac and 223Ra from phosphogypsum was developed. 227Ac was leached from phosphogypsum using nitric acid solution (3 mol L−1), and purified using Dowex 1 × 8 and Dowex 50wx8 ion exchangers. The maximum separation recovery was about 86%. 223Ra was separated from the purified 227Th/227Ac solution using UTEVA resin, while RE resin was used to separate 227Ac

In this paper, the results of ambient dose equivalent rate measurements at different locations are presented. At every location measurements were performed twice a day, in the morning and afternoon. One of the aim of this study was to determine the impact of weather conditions on the ambient dose equivalent rate. Correlation between ambient dose equivalent rate values and the meteorological parameters

In this work, the chemical digestion conditions for spent KU-2 × 8 sulfocationites manufactured in Russia were investigated. It was shown that the complete oxidative digestion of the ionites could be performed in solutions of H2O2 and HNO3 in the presence of Fe3+ ions adsorbed on the resin as an oxidation catalyst. The total digestion time of the resin was studied as a function of the presence of the

The 93Nb(n,α)90mY, 93Nb(n,2n)92mNb and 92Mo(n,p)92mNb reaction cross sections have been measured relative to the 197Au(n,2n)196Au monitor reaction at the neutron energy of 14.54 ± 0.24 MeV. The neutrons were generated from the T(d,n)4He reaction using Purnima neutron generator. The experiment was done by using the method of activation in combination with an off-line \(\gamma\)-ray spectrometry technique

An external particle induced gamma-ray emission (in air) PIGE facility has been set up for the first time at FOTIA, BARC for rapid and non-destructive quantification of low Z elements. Proton beam of energy of 3.5 MeV was obtained on the target using a 25 μm Tantalum window and Ta collimator of 5 mm diameter. The in situ current normalized PIGE method was validated by quantifying low Z elements in

Prompt gamma-ray activation analysis (PGAA) was applied to well homogenized meteorite samples initially prepared for the wet chemical analysis. By comparing the PGAA data with wet chemical analysis data in literatures, it was confirmed that PGAA can be alternative or even advantageous to wet chemical analysis in terms of the data reliability. Because the same sample can be analyzed by INAA followed

Prompt gamma rays induced by (n,n′γ) reactions on iron were measured with the instrument FanGaS (Fast Neutron induced Gamma-Ray Spectrometry) operated at the Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ) in Garching. The measurement was performed at an angle of 90° between neutron beam and detector. The fast neutron flux at the sample position was determined to be 1.40 × 108 cm−2 s−1 by using the foil activation

The study of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and concentration distribution of multielements including toxic elements in river–wetland ecosystem at different locations of Satluj River and Harike Wetland were carried out to understand the mobilization behavior of elements including toxic elements. The concentrations of multi-elements in water and sediments were determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma

The uranium (U) in Shewanella putrefaciens (S. putrefaciens) and anaerobic granular sludge (AnGS) were fractionated, and the contents and forms of U in each fraction were investigated. The functional groups of microorganisms for U binding and the deposition of U in microbial aggregates were also analyzed. Four main approaches were found involved in U immobilization, including biosorption/complexation

Calcium chloride (CaCl2) roasting and nitric acid (HNO3) leaching were combined to remove uranium and radioactivity from uranium tailings. The results show that the uranium and gross α and β radioactivity removal efficiencies improve with increasing CaCl2 addition and HNO3 leaching time and reach maximum values of 81.5%, 87.9% and 86.5%, respectively, after roasting with 50% CaCl2 for 120 min, followed

An applicable Eluex process was developed for acid in situ leaching (ISL) uranium mine in Bayanwula. In this process, uranium was adsorbed with strong base anion resin from the pregnant solution, then the loaded resin was eluted by sulfuric acid, after Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) extraction, the concentrated eluate was enriched and the loaded organic phase was stripped by sodium carbonate

Measurement uncertainty (MU) associated with the determination of the light rare earth elements (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu), yttrium and uranium in different types of rock samples by an ICP-OES method has been evaluated by the three principal approaches: the GUM modelling approach, the Nordtest single laboratory approach and the Horwitz equation. A within-laboratory validation data for specificity, linearity

A variety of toxins are known to affect indoor air quality, thereby affecting the health of the inhabitants of that region. One such natural contaminant is radon, which is a dense, colourless, odourless and inert gas. As per BEIR-VI report (Chauhan and Chauhan in J Environ Radioact, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.03.009), Radon alone contributes to more than 50% of the total natural background

This study provides a seasonal elemental characterisation of native lichens collected in rural areas of Portugal affected by charcoal kilns, using nuclear analytical techniques and electric conductivity. In autumn, it was possible to identify high levels of electric conductivity near the site with charcoal kilns due to higher oxidative stress of the lichens’ membrane. Typical chemical elements associated

Abstract AR-A014418, 1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-3-(5-nitrothiazol-2-yl)urea is a potential drug with potent activities against cancer cell, nociceptive pain and neurodegenerative disorders. In this paper, the stable deuterium-labeled [2H3]AR-A014418 was synthesized in seven steps with 21% overall yield starting from the commercially available [2H4]methanol, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 2-amino-5-nitrothiazole

This study investigates radon and thoron activity concentrations in adobe houses of Angola. Activity concentrations were recorded by passive detectors in rainy and dry seasons in 40 dwellings located at three areas with different climatic and geological backgrounds (Cabinda, Huambo, Menongue). Regarding seasonal and spatial variations, radon activity concentrations are higher in the rainy than in the

Recently, natural antioxidant substances have been purified in a significant increasing incline from different plants for diagnosis and treatment options. In the current study, Resveratrol (RES) was isolated and radioiodinated with iodine-131 ([131I]iodo-RES). Cell culture studies were conducted on neuroblastoma cells (SY-SH5Y and SK-N-AS) to investigate the bioavailability of [131I]iodo-RES. The radioiodination

For the first time, the active moss biomonitoring technique has been used in Vietnam for investigation of atmospheric elemental contamination in the air of Hanoi region. The Sphagnum girgensohnii moss harvested in the clean area were used to produce the moss-bags. After 2 months of expose in 45 different sites in Hanoi area, the moss samples were prepared and the concentration of 27 heavy metal elements

The natural radioactivity in coal fly ash and natural pozzolan Portland cement samples produced in Spain was measured by gamma spectrometry. Activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K ranged from 15.7 to 88.3 Bq kg−1, from 12.8 to 81.0 Bq kg−1 and from 37.0 to 678.0 Bq kg−1, respectively. The radiological hazards samples owing to the mentioned natural radioactivity were inferred from determinations

Owing to its capability of high-temperature operation, a salt waste treatment process in a pyrochemical process which uses molten salt as an electrolyte for the recycling of spent nuclear fuel adopted melt-crystallization method to purify a molten salt waste generated during the processes. However, because of its high operating temperature, there is a corrosion problem in the crystallizer made of Inconel

The main goal of this study was the evaluation of physical–chemical, as well as radiological properties of residual materials used for geopolymer synthesis and those final products as a possible application as new materials in a civil engineering industry. Concentration of 40K and radionuclides from the 238U and 232Th decay series in waste precursors, their metaphases and geopolymer samples synthetized

Isophthalic polyester resin was reinforced by using different metal oxides (lead(II)oxide, tungsten(VI)oxide and ferric oxide) and different reinforcement ratios (10–50%). Ionizing electromagnetic radiation shielding performance of the composites were determined by gamma spectrometric techniques for three different ionizing electromagnetic radiation (IEMR) energy regions (60–392, 662–898, 1173–1836 keV)

The elemental composition and phase analysis of fly ash collected from a thermal power plant in West Bengal, India was evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDX), energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) spectrometry, neutron activation analysis (NAA). Further, the particle size and surface morphology of the particles were

In a nuclear reactor, heat generated by the decay of fission products and radioactive materials is called decay heat or decay power. For measuring decay heat from radioactive samples, bismuth germanate scintillators based whole energy absorption spectrometer was commissioned recently. To standardize it, decay heat from neutron irradiated 197Au foil was measured from 7 min to 480 h. In this cooling

Palygorskite-based polymer microspheres (PMs) have been synthesized through Pickering emulsion polymerization, characterized and applied for the adsorption of I− anions. The adsorption capacity of PMs can reach up to 1.20 mmol/g within only 5 min. Moreover, PMs possess an excellent reusability with an iodide adsorption efficiency of 87.1% after five cycles. pH shows a significant influence on the iodide

Aminopeptidase N (CD13) as the malignant cell surface marker is overexpressed on many tumor cells including lung cancer and the neovascular cell membranes. A tripeptide structure, Asn-Gly-Arg (NGR), can specifically bind to CD13. In this study, we successfully labeled various NGR peptides derivatives with FITC or 177Lu at high efficiency. The 177Lu labeling of the NGR peptides was stable in vitro.

N,N’-dimethyl-N,N’-dioctyl diglycolamide (DMDODGA) in 40/60 (V/V)% 1-octanol/kerosene was used to extract 14 lanthanides from nitric acid solution. The effects of the aqueous acidity, the DMDODGA concentration, and the temperature on the distribution ratio of Ln(III) were investigated. The extraction equilibrium constants K and the thermodynamic parameters were determined by the slope analysis method

Abstract In this work; the carnotite sample assaying 3.063%U and 2.142%V was subjected to a roasting step before successive vanadium and uranium leaching. The sample was roasted firstly with Na2SO4 followed by quenching the clinker with water for vanadium dissolution. Under the optimized roasting conditions the vanadium dissolution efficiency attained 89.5%. The obtained solution was then treated with