The present study was designed to unravel the bioevaluation of [99mTc]Tc-GSH in HT 29 colon cancer cell line as well as in experimentally induced colon cancer. The radiochemical yield was observed to be 95.93 ± 1.09%. In silico docking studies revealed that [99mTc]Tc-GSH gets well accommodated in the binding pocket of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in comparable orientation with lowest estimated binding

Current methods for quantitative dissolution of solid PuO2 involve lengthy dissolution times. The adaptation of mediated electrochemical oxidation, which uses an electrochemically produced oxidizing agent to catalyze dissolution, has been explored for radiochemical analysis scale dissolutions of PuO2. The effects of temperature, electrode material, and electrocatalyst on the dissolution kinetics were

Soil–gas radon time series data has been generated at Dharamshala station for seismic studies in NW Himalayas, India. Compared with the influence of temperature and pressure, radon and rainfall have shown a strong correlation. Decomposition of radon time series into three component series (seasonal, trend, and residual) has been done for further recognizing the authentic anomalous values. The irregular

A number of optimal parameters determining the efficiency and rate of the strontium removal by a granular sorbent synthesized by the interaction of KMnO4 and concentrated H2O2 solution have been determined. The optimal drying temperature was found to be 400 °C at an average grain size of 0.1–0.2 mm. The average value of the strontium distribution coefficient in seawater equaled to 1.4–1.5 × 103 mL/g

Non-uranium production of 99Mo via neutron capture or by photonuclear reaction using an electron accelerator is receiving considerable attention. For commercial production of 99Mo, post-irradiation processes must incorporate a robust design for easy scale-up. Once developed, large-scale chemical processes must be optimized for hot-cell operations and potential automation. Here we present experimental

Coal fly ash (CFA) samples used in building construction were assessed for natural radioactivity by gamma-ray spectrometry analysis. Activity concentrations in the original CFA sample were 101, 55.5 and 493 Bq kg−1 for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K, respectively. They were compared with the activity concentrations measured in five fineness ranges (from < 45 to > 200 µm). Then, the finer the CFA is, the higher

The work focuses on sorption of radium-223 and polonium-210 by a thin-layer MnO2-CTA sorbent. The maximal sorption of Ra (≈ 80%) and Po (≈ 12%) was achieved after 1 day of sorption. For Ra, decrease of quality of alpha spectrum was observed during sorption that can be explained by its diffusion into MnO2 and support layers. The average thickness of the sorption layer was determined to be 456 nm, whereas

We developed and tested a 90Sr/90Y generator that using combined columns containing Sr resin and DGA resin. The chromatographic columns were fabricated and then packed with resin contents. Optimization of the columns based on HNO3 and HCl media carried out. The results showed that the value of 90Y with respect to 90Sr for final product was 5 × 106 with a high efficiency of separation (> 99%). The results

A treatment of dose nonuniformity inside Lo Ren and purple star apples irradiated by 10 MeV electron beam accelerator has been proposed by using medium density fiberboards (MDF). The dose uniformity ratios (DURs) inside the Lo Ren and purple star apples were estimated as 2.47–2.48 and 2.18–2.22, respectively. To reduce the DURs, the arrangement and the thickness of the MDF boards were determined by

Subterranean radioiodine contamination at the Hanford Site in Washington State is believed to be present as iodide, iodate, and organo-I species, with iodate being the predominant form. Because these species have different sediment-sorption characteristics, understanding their distribution is important for developing an accurate understanding of iodine migration in the subsurface. Herein, we report

Polymer-based Bakelite resistive plate chamber detector samples were exposed to 60Co gamma source for various irradiation doses. To explore the impact of gamma irradiation induced structural modifications, Positron annihilation lifetime, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies were performed. The increased free volume (Vf) for lower irradiation doses is attributed

TSP and atmospheric 210Pb concentrations were observed at Tsukuba, Japan during July 2001 to March 2005. TSP concentrations ranged from 14.5 to 152.4 µg m−3. 210Pb concentrations ranged from 0.04 to 0.86 mBq m−3 which was low in summer and high in winter to spring. Although TSP concentrations changed annually, 210Pb concentrations had almost the same concentration level and seasonal variation. The

Uranyl oxalate (UO2C2O4·xH2O) may exist at the back-end of the nuclear fuel cycle (NFC) as an intermediate in spent fuel reprocessing. The conditions used in aqueous reprocessing and thermal treatment can affect the physical and chemical properties of the material. Furthermore, trace impurities, such as Fe, may incorporate into the structure of these materials. In nuclear forensics, understanding relationships

The k0 values of 6 non-1/v nuclides (152Eu, 152mEu, 154Eu, 177Lu, 192Ir and 194Ir) were determined using the extended Høgdahl formalism at the research reactor FRM II with very high f values. Standards were irradiated in 4 channels at different local temperatures between 40 °C and 55 °C measured using temperature sensitive irreversible labels. A good agreement with the recommended values was found

Eight liquid effluent samples from nuclear power plants (NPP) were analyzed for 63Ni, 131I, and gamma radionuclides using methods with low detection limits. The sum of the radionuclides activity concentrations of the effluent samples from NPPs A and B were closely lower than the operator’s results with a maximum of decreasing to 29%, while from NPP C were much lower with a maximum of decreasing to

Annual average indoor radon activity concentration was studied in 88 Hungarian kindergartens in 76 towns of 10 different counties. Annual average indoor radon activity concentration in the kindergartens was 61 Bq m− 3, maximum was 160 Bq m− 3. In the kindergartens the seasonal variation of radon is not so strong like in dwellings, because of the permanent ventilation and the closed period during the

Cyclic loading damage in uranium mining is often accompanied by changes in radon exhalation characteristics. Understanding the relationship between rock damage and radon exhalation of uranium ore is therefore important for predicting rock instability and improving monitoring methods to ensure the safety of uranium mines and other underground projects. In this study, we performed constant amplitude

We report the phenomenon whereby the electron spin resonance signal of human nails intensify after irradiation. Forty nail samples from three donors were divided into three groups (X-ray irradiated, γ-ray irradiated, and control). The extent of signal intensified after irradiation was proportional to the given dose under 11% humidity at 20 °C. This result seemed to contradict previous studies, reporting

A new HCl-free chromatographic separation procedure has been developed for sequential separation of Zr and Mo from concrete matrices for selective measurement of 93Zr and 93Mo by ICP-MS/MS. The recoveries of greater than 90% for Zr and Mo from concretes could be achieved. The measurement condition was optimized for complete suppression of interferences from 93Nb and peak tailing from abundant isotopes

The present investigation focused on evaluation of uranium containing water quality and non-carcinogenic risk. The uranium was determined in the fifty-three groundwater samples ranged between 0.21 and 10.04 µg/L. The 30% of groundwater samples surpass the recommended limits (1.9 μg/L) and the chronic daily intake also exceeded recommended reference dose (0.6 µg/kg/day) in 6–6% samples for Infant and

The recently synthesized mono- and bimetallic Fe and Mn oxides supported zeolite of clinoptilolite type, characterized with FT-IR, XRD, SEM–EDS and XPS spectroscopy, confirmed the occurrence of a new MnO2 phase (pyrolusite, birnessite) including mostly amorphous iron oxi(hydr)oxide FeO(OH) species on the surface. The product validated a much higher adsorption capacity toward Zn-65 pollutant compared

Food waste has a high utilization value, but its high moisture content brings more disadvantages to its storage, transportation and energy utilizations. Dehydration of food waste is conducive to subsequent treatment, and herein, the effects of ionizing radiation pretreatment on the dehydration performance of tofu protein waste were examined. The mechanical centrifugation dehydration, moisture distribution

Atmospheric traces of radioactive xenon, in particular \(^{131m}{\text {Xe}}\), \(^{133}{\text {Xe}}\), \(^{133m}{\text {Xe}}\) and \(^{135}{\text {Xe}}\), can provide “smoking gun” evidence to classify underground nuclear fission reactions. Current software used to quantify isomer concentrations relies on a Region of Interest (ROI) method to sort beta-gamma coincidence counts. This experiences errors

The extraction behavior of several lanthanide ions (La(III), Nd(III), Sm(III), Gd(III), Yb(III)) from the nitric acid medium using ionic liquid [C4mim][NTf2] solvent containing N,N’-dimethyl-N,N’-dioctyl-3-oxadiglycolamide (DMDODGA) was studied. The effects of the concentration of HNO3, H+ and NO3− in aqueous phase, as well as the DMDODGA concentration and temperature on the distribution ratio of Ln(III)

CXCR4 plays an important role in a number of immunological-based diseases and cancers. The development of radiotracers targeting CXCR4 can provide a valuable tool for the diagnosis and monitoring of conditions involving deregulation of the receptor. The incorporation of multiple radionuclides into small molecules, peptides, and CXCR4 ligands have been reported and characterized. In this study, a 99mTc

Nowadays plant origin compounds with anti-cancer properties come into prominence, among them is curcumin (CUR) with a remarkable anti-cancer activity against various cancers. CUR was nanoformulated (CUR-PLGA) by the polymer based poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and both CUR and CUR-PLGA were radiolabeled with iodine-131 radionuclide for investigation of their in vitro behaviour on Human cervix

This work describes a streamlined approach to the recovery and purification of 234U from aged 238Pu. Key modifications to conventional techniques are described that result in an efficient uranium and plutonium separation process that successfully produced tens of grams of ultrahigh purity 234U at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. A new processing scheme was developed using an anion exchange column run

The aim of this study is to determine activity concentrations of natural radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th, 40K and 222Rn) and radiological risks due to the contamination of radionuclides in surface soil in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Based on the activity concentration of 226Ra in the surface soil, we proposed a method for estimation of the radon concentration in the indoor air. The assessments of radiation

The Joint Research Centre, in cooperation with the Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, produced a novel 243Am spike reference material for mass spectrometry. Americium solution with an isotopic composition of 88% 243Am and 12% 241Am was used as the source for the preparation of the spike material. The certified value of 5.696 (11) nmol g−1 for the amount content of 243Am

Co0.5Mn0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles were successfully synthesized for uranium removal from aquatic media. The Co0.5Mn0.5Fe2O4 was analyzed by XRD, EDX, FTIR, and DLS. The DLS analysis of Co0.5Mn0.5Fe2O4 showed the size of nanoparticles in the range of 3–20 nm. The removal of U(VI) ions by Co0.5Mn0.5Fe2O4 was studied at different experimental conditions. The initial uranium concentrations, pH, and time parameters

An automated production of pharmaceutical grade 3′-deoxy-3′-[18F]fluorothymidine ([18F]FLT) with solid phase extraction (SPE) purification using 5′-O-(Benzoyl)-2,3′anhydrothymidine precursor (Benzoyl-Anhydro) poses a major challenge. Herein, an automated, one-pot, two-step, radiochemical synthesis of [18F]FLT using benzoyl-anhydro precursor and subsequent optimization of SPE purification (using readily

Mesoporous MnO2/SBA-15 was prepared by a facile route using KMnO4 and MnCl2 as Mn source and used for removal of Cs+. The effects of MnO2 content, initial Cs+ concentration, contact time and pH on the Cs+ adsorption behavior were investigated. It was found that Cs+ adsorption capacity of SBA-15 can be significantly improved by MnO2 loading. The adsorption capacity increased with increasing MnO2 content

Low activities of radionuclides in environmental and occupational samples demand for the lower detection limits of the measuring system, which can be achieved by minimizing the source-to-detector distance. Analytical technique to calculate full-energy peak efficiency and total efficiency, self-absorption of sources and a coincidence factor of the NaI cubic scintillation detector with rectangular cavity

Thermodynamic data for radium for radioactive waste management have been predicted using an electrostatic model and correlation with the ionic radii of the alkaline earth metals. Estimation of the standard Gibbs free energy of formation and standard molar entropy of aqueous radium species and compounds has been based on such approaches as extrapolation of the thermodynamic properties of strontium and

The production of brachytherapy radio-nuclide 169Yb was investigated in the 169Tm(p,n), 170Yb(p,2n), 171Yb(p,3n), 172Yb(p,4n), 169Tm(d,2n), 168Er(α,3n), 167Er(α,2n) and 166Er(α,n) reactions. The cross section of these reactions were calculated using TALYS 1.9 code and compared with the available experimental results. SRIM-2013 code and GEANT4 toolkit were used to calculate the stopping power, range

Zero-valent-iron coated quartz sand (ZVI-S) was used to remove uranium from groundwater in this study. Batch experiments and column experiments were conducted to study the influences of ZVI-S dosage, solution pH, contact time, and initial U(VI) concentration on U(VI) removal from solution and to simulate U(VI) removal efficiency using ZVI-S with different particle sizes, hydraulic loads, and U(VI)

The present study attempts to provide a proper explanation to define the monazite source region and reason for its enrichment in coastal belts of Kollam district, Kerala. As part of that, primary data on enrichment of naturally occurring radionuclides viz. 40K, 226Ra, and 232Th in sand samples were collected from the study area and has been measured using NaI(Tl) detector. The radiological parameters

The surface area data of feed oxide powders is of fundamental interest to optimize the process of nuclear fuel fabrication. The single-point Brunauer–Emmet–Teller (BET) specific surface area of several recycled powders (synthesized from rejected scrap fuel pellets) was determined and compared with as-received and standard specified powders. Recycled UO2, ThO2, (U,Pu)O2 powders from bulk microwave

Adsorption of ruthenium (III) from acidic aqueous solution by Fe3O4 and Fe3O4@MnO2 composites was studied by a batch equilibrium method at room temperature. Mass distribution coefficients of Ru(III) were determined in the system of Fe3O4 and Fe3O4@MnO2 in solutions of HCl and HNO3 (concentration range from 0.01 to 0.5 mol L−1). The selectivity of ruthenium sorption in the developed systems was checked

Sediment accumulation rates and age of sediments were determined using 210Pb dating method by applying constant rate of supply model of six bottom sediment cores, collected from various locations (Rehri Creek, Ghizri Creek, Korangi Creek, Manora Picnic Point, Sandspit and Sunairi Point) of Karachi coastal area of Pakistan. The results showed that an increase in accumulation rate was observed in the

In the case of a radiological or nuclear incident, valuable information could be obtained in a timely manner by using liquid scintillation counting (LSC) technique through fast screening of urine samples from potentially contaminated persons. This work describes the optimization of LSC parameters on PerkinElmer (PE) Tri-Carb and Quantulus GCT series instruments to develop a rapid method for screening

Clandestine nuclear testing can be detected at a standoff distance using radioxenon beta-gamma analysis. International treaty monitoring organizations depend, in part, upon the activity ratios of various radioxenon types to determine if collected samples are the result of a weapons test or a peaceful purpose such as energy or medical isotope production. However, the currently deployed radioxenon analysis

The use of fluorination as a rapid separation technique for quantification of trace-mass, short-lived isotopes is illustrated. Single crystal 238UO2 was exposed to a 14 MeV neutron source to produce mixed fission and activation products. Selective removal of trace volatile fluorides from non-volatile ones produced two results of interest. A decrease in background produced better detection and quantification

This paper describes a methodology developed to measure the activity concentration of the four natural radium isotopes 226Ra, 228Ra, 224Ra and 223Ra in water samples, using γ-ray analysis performed with a hyperpure germanium detector (HPGe). The detector efficiency was properly determined using a set of thorium standards exhibiting concentrations between 10 and 10,000 μg/g. The developed analytical

C-Peptide radioimmunoassay (RIA) is an invaluable aid in diagnosis of diabetes, insulinoma and hypoglycaemia. An RIA for C-peptide was developed by using a polyclonal antibody for human C-peptide raised in rabbits and validated using human serum samples. Tyrosyated C-peptide was radioiodinated to a specific activity of around 283 µCi/µg by conventional chloramine-T method. The detection limit of the

In this work, we aim to study the performance of the k0-standardization method in neutron activation analysis when using the Kayzero for Windows software at the National Center for Energy, Sciences, and Nuclear Techniques (CNESTEN) of Morocco. Accuracy and precision were ensured by using certified reference materials from the IAEA, NIST, and WEPAL. Samples were irradiated using the pneumatic transfer

This work aims to explore the influence of freeze-thaw cycles and high temperature exposure on immobilization performance of geopolymer-zeolite A composites (GZAC) for strontium radionuclide. After 45 freeze-thaw cycles, no visible change in the phase composition, microscopic morphology and cumulative leaching fractions (CLF) of the Sr2+ ions could be observed. Although the zeolite phases in GZAC were

This work demonstrates an analytical protocol for high precision Sm isotope analysis by thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) using a Pt activator. The method permits precise measurements of small aliquots (1–20 ng) of Sm on single Re filament using a modified static-total evaporation technique. This study represents the first attempt to use such protocols for Sm isotope analyses while reducing

To achieve trichotomic separation of light lanthanides (Ln), heavy Ln, and Am, batchwise multi-stage extractions using N,N,N′,N′-tetraoctyl-diglycolamide (TODGA) extractant from organic acids are studied. This technique has the advantages of both solvent extraction and chromatography, which enable successive separation and management of large volumes of aqueous solutions. Malonic acid (M-Acid) is used

A novel adsorbent magnetic functionalized m-carboxyphenyl azo calix[4]arene symmetrical sulfide derivative (Fe3O4/M-CCSSD) was fabricated by a series of simple reactions and characterized by FT-IR and SEM. The effects on U (VI) adsorption process were investigated at several conditions. The calculated data disclose that the adsorption process of U (VI) by Fe3O4/M-CCSSD is an endothermic spontaneous

Instrumental neutron activation analysis may need to correct for matrix interferences caused by fast neutron induced threshold reactions. The very low Al mass fraction in bovine liver Standard Reference Material (SRM) has eluded certification due to such complications. Cold neutron beam irradiation absent fast neutrons provides a possible alternative, which has been applied for the first time to determine

Ag–bentonite was prepared by ion exchange process to sorb iodide and chloride ions in batch experiments. The modified bentonite was examined with XRF and XRD. 75% of the cation exchange capacity was exchanged by silver ions. It was found that the sorption of chloride ions is an exothermic precipitation process because the solubility decreases with increasing temperature. In the case of iodide sorption

In this study, isophytalitic unsaturated polyester based composites were prepared by reinforcing with boron carbide, silicon carbide and tungsten carbide. IEMR attenuation properties of the composites were investigated by gamma spectroscopy for different IEMR energies after density evaluation and structural characterization of the composites. Mass attenuation coefficients of composites were higher

The tannic acid-chitosan hydrothermal carbon (TCHC) by hydrothermal carbonization is first used in uranium(VI) adsorption. The characterization of HCTC was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The effects of pH, adsorbent dosage, initial U(VI) concentration, temperature and contact time on the adsorption of uranium(VI) were expressed in batch

This paper presents a fast and reproducible method for determination of uranium content in ammonium uranyl carbonate (AUC) and U3O8 obtained from it. The effects of high activity and specific chemical composition of the samples were minimized by adapting the radiochemical procedures for analysis of a small amount of samples. Measurements were made by alpha-spectrometry and ICP-MS. The results show

Validated analytical methods must be used for accurate and precise determination of identity, purity, strength, and quality of any pharmaceutical dose intended for human administration. Consequently, all analytical methods must be validated per USP <1225> and the ICH Q2R1 guidelines to meet the cGMP requirements of the FDA and EMA. A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography analytical

We introduce an improved particle collection method for uranium isotopic analysis using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). A new design was applied to a vacuum-suction impactor to promote the dispersibility of collected particles and the air flow rate was adjusted to maximize the particle recovery yield. The improved method remarkably mitigated the ‘mixing effect’. Materials from a nuclear forensic

A novel adsorbent of magnetic graphene oxide/chitosan (MGOC) composite has been prepared via chemical cross-linking method, and exhibits an extraordinary sorption capacity (about 59.82 mg/g) towards cobalt ions. The batch experiments revealed that MGOC is weakly affected by ionic strength and pH-dependent for cobalt ions sorption. The sorption process is spontaneous and endothermic according to thermodynamic