Chiral discrimination is a key problem in analytical chemistry. It is generally performed using expensive instruments or highly-specific miniaturized sensors. An artificial nose is a bio-inspired instrument capable after training of discriminating a wide variety of analytes. However, generality is achieved at the cost of specificity which makes chiral recognition a challenging task for this kind of

In age-related macular degeneration, the retinal pigment epithelium can be damaged by light acting on photosensitizers like N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine (A2E). In this paper, the underlying cellular mechanism of lesion at the cell layer scale is analyzed by impedance spectroscopy. Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells are cultured on top of custom-made electrodes capable of taking impedance

Over the last decades, great effort has gone into developing new biosensor technologies for applications in different fields such as disease diagnosis and detection of pollutants in water and food. Global developments in robotic, IoT technologies and in healthcare sensors require new flexible sensor technologies that are low cost and built from sustainable and reusable or recyclable materials. One

Ultrasound as a biocompatible and powerful approach has been advanced in biotechnology. Here we present an acoustic microchip integrating modification and detection for in-situ analysis. Such microchip employs two pairs of piezoelectric transducers (PZTs) for acoustic field generation and a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microcavity on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate for producing microparticle

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are cancer cells that have been shed from a primary tumor and circulate in the bloodstream during progression of cancer. They may thus serve as circulating biomarkers that can predict, diagnose and guide therapy. Moreover, phenotypic and genotypic analysis of CTCs can facilitate prospective assessment of mutations and enable personalized treatment. A number of methodologies

Conducting polymers that possess good electrochemical properties, nanostructured morphology and functionality for bioconjugation are essential to realise the concept of all-polymer-based biosensors that do not depend on traditional nanocatalysts such as carbon materials, metal, metal oxides or dyes. In this research, we demonstrated a facile approach for the simultaneous preparation of a bi-functional

A universal strategy for the sensitive investigation of cell responses to external stimuli, in particular nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs), was developed based on electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in combination with a multi-peak analysis for the distribution of relaxation times (DRT). The DRT method provides high resolution for the identification of different polarization processes

In this study, a smartphone-based quantitative dual detection mode device, integrated with gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and time-resolved fluorescence microspheres (TRFMs) lateral flow immunoassays (LFIA) for multiplex mycotoxins in cereals were established. The most frequently used visible light and fluorescence detection modes were integrated in one device. A user-friendly application was self-written

Small molecule detection is of wide interest in clinical and industrial applications. However, its accessibility is still limited as miniaturisation and system integration is challenged in reliability, costs and complexity. Here we combined a 14.3 MHz quartz crystal resonator (QCR), actuated and analysed using a fixed frequency drive (FFD) method, with a nanomolecular imprinted polymer for label-free

Herein, an innovative photocathodic enzymatic biosensor is proposed with poly {4,8-bis[5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl]-benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene-2,6-diyl-alt-3-fluoro-2-[(2-ethylhexyl)carbonyl]thieno[3,4-b]thiophene-4,6-diyl} (PTB7–Th) as donor–acceptor–type photoactive material and three–dimensional (3D) polyaniline hydrogels (PAniHs) as both electron transfer layer and biomolecule carrier. Based

Sensitive and accurate detection methods for infectious viruses are the pressing need for effective disease diagnosis and treatment. Herein, based on V2O5 nanoparticles-encapsulated liposomes (VONP-LPs) we demonstrate a dual-modality sensing platform for ultrasensitive detection of the virus. The sensing performance relies on intrinsic peroxidase and electrochemical redox property of V2O5 nanoparticles

MicroRNAs are essential post-transcriptional regulators and may act as the noninvasive biomarker for disease diagnosis. Sensitive and multiplexed detection of microRNAs may facilitate the accurate and early clinical diagnosis, but the available methods are usually compromised by using organic dyes as the signal probes, laborious chemical and enzymatic manipulations, and the complicated reaction schemes

Rapid detection of Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) is critical for limiting healthcare-associated infections and providing the best treatment for infected individuals. Herein an integrated microfluidic device for AB diagnosis utilizing a new dual aptamer assay was developed for point-of-care (POC) applications; magnetic beads coated with AB-specific aptamers were used to capture bacteria, and quantum

Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) is a sensitive optical detection method that can monitor changes in the relative orientation and the physical proximity of molecules in real-time. Since the light is generated internally by a bioluminescent protein, BRET does not rely on an external light source. The use of BRET simultaneously simplifies the hardware required for sensing and offers improved

The routinely used enzymes, antibodies, and nucleic acids-based biosensors for detection of Staphylococcus aureus are often overwhelmed by limited selectivity, sensitivity, high cost, and inability to discriminate between live/dead cells. This necessitates the development of an ultra-sensitive, stable, and selective electrochemical biosensor capable of discriminating live S. aureus in a mixture of

Graphene-based transistors are promising devices in the evaluation of carrier density in biological analytes. We report on the design and fabrication of a graphene-based field-effect transistor for monitoring and assessing the interaction between the coagulation factors based on the charge carrier density in a blood sample. When biochemical reactions occurred during the coagulation cascade process

This work presents a concept of “mass spectrometric biosensing” by using a chip to recognize the targets and mass spectrometry to detect the signals switched by the recognition. The chip is prepared on an ITO slide with a hydrophobic fluorous-tag monolayer to self-assemble the mixture of mass probe and fluorous-tagged cysteine as a spacer through fluorous affinity interaction. The presence of spacer

Screening of pathogenic bacteria plays a crucial role in preventing foodborne disease outbreaks. In this study, an ultrasensitive biosensor was developed for fast detection of Salmonella using self-assembled magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) chains for continuous-flow separation of Salmonella from large-volume sample, urease coated gold nanoparticles (GNPs) for specific labelling of Salmonella and efficient

An elaborated 3D printing “all-in-one” dual-modal immunoassay (3D-AIO) has been constructed for the colorimetric and photoelectrochemical (PEC) detection of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), which integrates all step-analysis functional components (including immune/enzyme reaction, separation and detection) together using automatic microfluidics. The released ascorbic acid (AA) from the enzyme-linked immunoreactions

Based on the exceptional and new opened biosensing possibilities of self-propelled micromotors, a micromotor-based immunoassay (MIm) has smartly been designed for C-reactive protein (CRP) determination in plasma of preterm infants with sepsis suspicion. The design of the micromotors involved the electrosynthesis of a carbon-based outer layer (for antibody functionalization), an intermediate Ni layer

A suitable electron donor, which guarantees the stability of the whole system, is considered as the driving force of the PEC sensor. Nowadays, searching appropriate electron donor is still one of the orientations to explorate in the field of sensor. Na48[H496Mo368O1464S48]·ca.1000H2O (abbr. {Mo368}), as a type of polyoxometalate, has perfect morphology, definite size and unique electronic property

A novel electrochemical sensor for a neural cell adhesion molecule (CD56) was constructed by glycosyl imprinting. A sandwich-like multi-signal generation strategy was first proposed in glycosyl imprinting sensors via boric acid affinity. Glycosyl-imprinted polymers were formed by electro-polymerization with poly-sialic acid (PolySia) as a template molecule and p-aminobenzeneboronic (p-ABA) acid as

A CRISPR/Cas12a based portable biosensor (Cas12a-PB) was developed to simultaneously visually detect CaMV35S promoter and Lectin gene from genetically modified (GM) soybean powders (Roundup Ready@). The Cas12a-PB, mainly made of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and PMMA tape, has a connection structure, three channels and three detection chambers. The CRISPR/Cas12a detection reagents were preloaded in

Currently, the large-scale and controllable fabrication of nanostructures on substrates remains a great challenge for further practical applications. In this work, a novel 3D aloe-like Au–ZnO nanocomposite was designed for in situ synthesis on an ITO substrate, achieving real-time detection of trace catechol (CC) in water. A seed-assisted hydrothermal approach was proposed to control the crystal distribution

CRISPR/Cas systems have displayed remarkable potential in developing novel biosensing applications for nucleic acid detection owing to the collateral cleavage activity of Cas effector proteins (Cas12, Cas13, etc.). Despite tremendous progress in recent years, the existing CRISPR/Cas based biosensing platforms have several limitations, including reliance on proper amplification methods, expensive fluorescence

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is the most common assisted reproductive technology used to treat infertility. Embryo selection for transfer in IVF cycles relies on the morphological evaluation by embryologists, either by conventional microscopic assessment or more recently by time-lapse imaging systems. Despite the introduction of time-lapse imaging improvements in IVF success rates have failed to materialize

An electrochemiluminescence (ECL) three-dimensional (3D) DNA nanomachine is developed for microRNA-141 (miRNA-141) detection by coupling Pb2+ dependent DNAzyme assisted target recycling amplification technology with multiple ECL resonance energy transfer (ECL-RET) system. Firstly, Pb2+ dependent DNAzyme is formed by three single strand DNA (ssDNA): A1, A2 and the target miRNA-141. In the presence of

Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, a model species of exoelectrogenic bacteria (EEB), has been widely applied in bioelectrochemical systems. Biofilms of EEB grown on electrodes are essential in governing the current output and power density of bioelectrochemical systems. The MR-1 genome is exceptionally dynamic due to the existence of a large number of insertion sequence (IS) elements. However, to date, the

The point of care testing (POCT) of telomerase activity is critical for early diagnosis of cancer. Herein, a colorimetric method was developed for visual detection of telomerase activity via hydrogen peroxide test strip. It is based on the telomerase-controlled in-situ formation of hydrogen peroxide. Firstly, biotinylated telomerase substrate (TS) primer was attached on the surface of magnetic beads

Good sleep is considered to be the cornerstone for maintaining both physical and mental health. However, nearly one billion people worldwide suffer from various sleep disorders. To date, polysomnography (PSG) is the most commonly used sleep-monitoring technology,however, it is complex, intrusive, expensive and uncomfortable. Unfortunately, present noninvasive monitoring technologies cannot simultaneously

Field effect transistor (FET) biosensors based on low-dimensional materials have the advantages of small in size, simple structure, fast response and high sensitivity. In this work, a field-effect transistor biosensor based on molybdenum disulfide/graphene (MoS2/graphene) hybrid nanostructure was proposed and fabricated for DNA hybridization detection. The biosensor achieved an effective response to

Biophysical cues, such as electrical stimulus, mechanical feature, and surface topography, enable the control of neural stem cell (NSC) differentiation and neurite outgrowth. However, the effect of these biophysical cues on NSC behavior has not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we developed an innovative combinatorial biophysical cue sensor array combining a surface modified nanopillar array

Soft molecularly imprinted nanogels (nanoMIPs), selective for human transferrin (HTR), were prepared via a template assisted synthesis. Owing to their soft matter, the nanoMIPs were observed to deform at binding to HTR: while no relevant changes were observed in the hydrodynamic sizes of HTR-free compared to HTR-loaded nanoMIPs, the HTR binding resulted in a significant increment of the nanoMIP stiffness

The rapid increase in antibiotic resistant pathogenic bacteria has become a global threat, which besides the development of new drugs, requires rapid, cheap, scalable, and accurate diagnostics. Label free biosensors relying on electrochemical, mechanical, and mass based detection of whole bacterial cells have attempted to meet these requirements. However, the trade-off between selectivity and sensitivity

Fluorescence based intracellular pH nanoprobes have been developed that overcomes the limitations imposed by shallow penetration depth of ultraviolet excitation, photostability, phototoxicity, and interference from background autofluorescence. In this study, we have constructed a Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) based pH nanoprobe using upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP) as a donor (excitation/emission

There is an assortment of layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), about 40 reported compounds, each with its unique polymorph and properties. Group 4 TMD, titanium disulfide (TiS2), possess high electronic conductivity and light weight amongst other attractive features. In consideration for electrochemical and thermoelectrical applications, doping is a promising approach to enhance its practicability

Thermophoresis is the physical diffusion of molecules from hot to cold induced by a thermal gradient. Thermophoresis has been used to evaluate the interaction of biomolecules in solution. In this study, the outer membrane from E. coli was isolated and used to produce OM particles with a diameter of approximately 100 nm. These prepared OM particles were applied in a thermophoretic immunoassay. First

The design and application of an inkjet-printed electrochemically reduced graphene oxide microelectrode for HT-2 mycotoxin immunoenzymatic biosensing is reported. A water-based graphene oxide ink was first formulated and single-drop line working microelectrodes were inkjet-printed onto poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate) substrates, with dimensions of 78 μm in width and 30 nm in height after solvent evaporation

MicroRNAs play a crucial role in regulating gene expression and cellular function. Reliable detection of miRNA is highly demanded in clinical diagnosis and therapy. Herein, we designed a structure-convertible DNA switch and constructed a novel switch-conversional ratiometric fluorescence biosensor (SCRF biosensor) for highly sensitive miRNA detection by the use of amplicon fragments to convert the

Electrochemical biosensors possess numerous desirable qualities for target detection, such as portability and ease of use, and are often considered for point-of-care (POC) development. Label-free affinity electrochemical biosensors constructed with semiconductor manufacturing technology (SMT)-produced electrodes and a streptavidin biomediator currently display the highest reproducibility, accuracy

A point-of-care (POC) device to enable de-centralized diagnostics can effectively reduce the time to treatment, especially in case of infectious diseases. However, many of the POC solutions presented so far do not comply with the ASSURED (affordable, sensitive, specific, user-friendly, rapid and robust, equipment free, and deliverable to users) guidelines that are needed to ensure their on-field deployment