Abstract A high concentration of colour, chemical oxidation demand (COD) and low biodegradability make textile wastewater a major source of pollution. While physicochemical processes, adsorption and chemical coagulation were the most commonly applied treatment methods for textile wastewater, the electrocoagulation process as compared to these conventional methods, produces less sludge with high colour

Abstract Today, the critical mass of knowledge about water and the prospects for its transformation because of human activity have become so significant that they undoubtedly require new generalizations and comprehension. Analysis of water problems leads to the idea that the substance of water is programmed for life, its development, correction, and protection. The realization of this potential of

Abstract Hydrogels are hydrophilic macromolecular systems that swell in water without dissolving. The nature of the solvent has a significant effect on the amount of water absorbed. Poly(acrylamide) hydrogel and its copolymer with diprotic maleic acid are prepared in this work by copolymerization and chemical crosslinking with methylene bisacrylamide; at different mass percentages of acrylamide (AAm

Abstract A low-cost arsenic removal method based on oxidation-coagulation at optimized pH (OCOP), which is popular as Arsiron-Nilogon in Assam, India, uses KMnO4 to remove arsenic and oxidation of As(III) to As(V) before coagulation using FeCl3. In this method KMnO4 shows a major role in oxidation and removal of arsenic from the water. However, the relative efficacy of other oxidants, viz., Fenton’s

Abstract Developing titanium dioxide (TiO2) samples able to absorb and effectively utilize both ultraviolet radiation and visible light will lead to considerable reduction in costs of photocatalytic purification of natural and waste waters. Using the sol–gel method, we synthesized nanoscale titanium dioxide samples doped with nitrogen or co-doped with nitrogen and iron ions, with the samples having

Abstract The development of novel materials and technologies for wastewater treatment from organic pollutants is an urgent task. Nanostructured metal ferrites are characterized by high chemical stability, ease of production, and good magnetic properties, and are promising catalytic materials for advanced oxidation processes. In this study, heterogeneous Fenton catalysts based on magnesium ferrite doped

Abstract Water is one of the most important resource on the planet. Water pollution has become a global problem and have been identified various sources of pollution such as sewage discharge, industrial effluents and agricultural runoff and their potential has been studied in mass. From an environmental view, two approaches to dealing with water pollution are to reduce the sources and to treat the

Abstract This study is devoted to the threat to marine ecological safety associated with the presence of invasive alien species (IAS) in the World Ocean, which is among the global problems in today’s world. A number of port cities of Ukraine, such as Odessa, Izmail, Kherson, and Mykolaiv, significantly contribute to the pollution of the sea water areas with IAS. Invasive alien species that are present

Abstract The aim of the study is to examine the possibility of removing nickel, as a heavy metal, from waters of different origins using an environmentally friendly tetra-oxy ferro(VI) ion. As a strong oxidizing agent, ferrate(VI) decomposes complexes of organic compounds with heavy metal ions, which make efficient coagulation and removal of heavy metal ions from the solution difficult. With the use

Abstract The pufferfish are non-indigenous species in the Mediterranean Sea that do not have predators in the food chain. Therefore, the determination of heavy metal accumulation in pufferfish species can be considered as natural chelation for the aquatic environment. The present study, the potential usage of dentin tissue as an indicator of heavy metal bioaccumulation was examined in pufferfish species

Abstract Ammonia pollution of natural water can promote adverse undesirable environmental impacts on aquatic fauna, human and environment. Different techniques were elaborated for treatment of this pollution. Recently, polymer hydrogels have been successfully used as adsorbents of ammonium ions. Among the polysaccharides that can be used in the wastewater treatment, the alginates have the ability to

Abstract In this research, the removal performances and efficiency of nutrients (Nitrogen and Phosphorus) and organic pollutants were investigated through the application of sustainable and cost-effective strategy in wastewater treatment using algal-bacterial symbiotic association. A photobioreactor of 200 L was designed, constructed and operated in the field as part of the wastewater treatment plant

Abstract Phenol is an important chemical used in many industries as a raw material, such as, pharmaceutical and rubber, oil and petroleum refineries, pulp and paper manufacturing plants, iron and steel, etc. Phenol and its derivatives are one of the largest groups of environmental pollutants owing to their presence in many industrial effluents because of their widespread use. In addition, leakage accidents

Abstract The present work reports the effect of antibacterial activity of Murraya koenigii leaves extract to improve the quality of drinking water collected from Moradabad Uttar Pradesh, India and its rural area. The five different water samples were collected and characterized for their properties. During this work, examination of treated and untreated sample water for heavy metals and microbial counts

Abstract Due to water scarcity, storage and reuse of water has become a great challenge all over the world. The conventional methods for the wastewater treatment require large capital investment, operating cost, and need trained personal for supervision and maintenance. Therefore non conventional wastewater treatment methods have gained the popularity worldwide. Use of constructed wetland (CW) technology

Abstract The paper shows the possibility and prospects of using the electroflotation method for extracting a spent carbon sorbent by way of example of an activated carbon of the MeKS-O brand from aqueous solutions. It is found based on the conducted research that the electroflotation method makes it possible to extract granular activated carbon already after 10 min of processing. At the same time,

Abstract The determination of low levels of nickel has become increasingly very important in environmental chemistry since its negative role in the human life. It is generally impossible to determine trace nickel in environmental samples directly because of interfering species in the surrounding matrix, or the concentration of the analyte being below the detection limit of the instrument. So preconcentration

Abstract The formation and removal of trihalomethanes and trichloroethylene at an existing beverage production enterprise at the stages of the sodium hypochlorite disinfection of water from the centralized drinking waterwork system after treatment with ammonium chloride have been studied. To clarify the mechanism of formation of trihalomethanes and trichloroethylene, the concentrations of organic and

Abstract Today, the persistent organic pollutant loads which are formed as a result of modern agriculture and industrial production are becoming very dangerous for the environment and human health. Exposure of living things to these pollutants can occur by direct exposure to pollutants emission or by transport of pollutants as a result of food chain and meteorological events. For this reason, all environmental

Abstract The discharge of excessive amounts of phosphorus (P) from domestic wastewater treatment plant effluent is of interest in this study because the abnormally high levels of P as one of the nutrient elements can lead to eutrophication for the receiving waters. Although many methods have been proposed for the removal of P matter from industrial and municipal wastewater, such as Phoredox, A2OTM

Abstract Phosphorous is one of the essential elements for living-forms on the Earth; however, the excessive presence of phosphate in the environment causes water pollution. Several methods have been developed and applied for phosphate removal in wastewater and adsorption is considered as a low-cost, simple, and stable technology for wastewater with low phosphate concentration. Although several mesoporous

Abstract To substantiate the operating parameters of the extraction of manganese and iron ions from water using microfiltration ceramic membranes, an essential condition is their complete precipitation in the form of hydroxides, since the main factor affecting the impermeability of such membranes is steric. The formation of insoluble hydroxide particles is directly dependent on the products of their

Abstract Researchers have used mixed microbial cultures to degrade various pollutants such as domestic effluents, pharmaceuticals, hydrocarbon molecules, etc. The use of a mixed microbial culture induces synergistic associations between different microorganisms by producing multiple enzymes that can effectively degrade refractory molecules such as azo and anthraquinone dyes. It is in this context that

Abstract Water pollution is a serious global issue. Rhodamine B (RhB) is one of the most commonly used colorants in textiles, cosmetic and the pharmaceutical industry. Its release into natural environment is not only hazardous to aquatic life, but also carcinogenic to humans and animals. Thus, the removal of RhB is of great importance to water purification and conservation. This work was performed

Abstract We determined the physicochemical regularities of the process of purification of an alkaline solution of a cationic dye (Methylene Blue) and anionic dyes (Direct Brown and Direct Red) using a microfiltration ceramic membrane based on clay minerals, which is dynamically modified with montmorillonite. This membrane retained 99.6% of Methylene Blue at specific productivity of 0.08 m3/(m2 h) at

Abstract The increase in the demand for oil and gas in various countries will lead to an increase in the number of oil and gas drilling and the production of waste drilling fluid in the petroleum industry. However, the environmental protection requirements for the discharge of waste drilling fluid in various countries have not decreased, but have become more stringent. Therefore, it is very important

Abstract This paper presents main physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of the spring water on the territory of Belgrade city (Serbia) and estimates the possibility of their utilization for public water supply purposes. Analysis of 23 springs on the wider territory of Belgrade is done. The following physicochemical parameters were analyzed: turbidity, pH, TDS, EC, Cl–, \({\text{NO}}_{3}^{

Abstract This work presents report of the detoxification of cassava wastewater using bamboo (Bambusoideae) leaf. The aim of the detoxification process is toreduce the poisonous cyanide content to a permissible level of using cassava effluent for biogas production. Fresh leaves of bamboo and cassava roots used for this experiment were obtained from Enugu, Nigeria. The effluent was obtained from the

Abstract Chitosan is a natural polymer that has proved its uses in many research areas because of its wide range of properties specially its adsorption properties can purify water by sticking metallic ions to its surface. In the present study local bio waste of shrimp shells was converted into chitin and then to chitosan. Chitosan was extracted by the combination of different processes. Shrimp shells

Abstract There are many fresh water inputs to the Black Sea that differ significantly from each other in terms of both the water level and the extent of the river basin. Seasonal distributions of dissolved metal/metalloid concentrations were measured using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS) in 13 rivers (Kızılırmak, Yeşilırmak, Melet, Pazarsuyu, Aksu, Harşit, Değirmendere, Solaklı

Abstract The timely restoration of water treatment devices is a prerequisite for sustainable water supply to consumers. Difficulties in estimating the moments of such recovery are associated with variability in the failure rate of mechanical systems. In this regard, two statistical approaches are proposed in this paper for scheduling the frequency of such recovery: estimating the constant frequency

Abstract In general, chromium is existed in stable oxidation states, such as Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in the environment. While a certain amount of Cr(III) is required for human metabolism, Cr(VI) is known to have toxic and carcinogenic effects for all living species. Chromium compounds are widely used in different fields, such as electroplating, dyeing, photographic and textile industries. Owing to this

Abstract Membrane bioreactors (MBR) with osmotic pressure driven membranes have significant advantages over bioreactors operated with pressure driven membranes. Since no pressure is applied to the membrane, except the concentrate circulation, osmotic membranes are less prone to fouling. Membrane fouling is an important limiting factor in MBRs, resulting in a frequent plantservice and high operating

Abstract The nitro and chloro derivatives of phenols are xenobiotics. Active carbon (AC) is often used for the removal of such substances from natural, drinking, and waste waters. To a large extent, the economic feasibility of using AC depends on the method of their regeneration. Upon treating AC with an alkaline solution, the adsorbed phenols are ionized because of their weak acidic properties. The formed

Abstract The successful use of ozonation for water disinfection and purification requires the determination of optimal treatment conditions, which is associated with a large amount of experiments. At the same time, traditional methods for controlling the process of inactivation of microorganisms, being quite laborious and time consuming, allow one to obtain data on the degree of water disinfection

Abstract Chitosan is one of the promising natural polymers with characteristics such as biodegradability, chemical inertness, biocompatibility, high mechanical strength, good film-forming properties, and low cost. In addition, chitosan is a nontoxic cellulose-like polyelectrolyte polymer hydrogel that is suitable for the fabrication of artificial muscles, as this material undergoes a large volume change

Abstract With the rapid growth of the world’s population, the shortage of freshwater resources becomes increasingly serious. Farmland irrigation would not survive without fresh water which comes from river nearby. The low irrigation efficiency of the existing irrigation system needs to be tackled for efficient and effective usage of freshwater with low-cost. It is recognised that the water-saving irrigation

Abstract Heavy metal ions, such as chromium, cadmium, mercury, nickel, copper, and zinc, cause severe pollution to water bodies as well as enormous harm to people and the biosphere. Adsorption and removal of heavy metal pollution in water is a low-cost and straightforward method. Researchers are currently looking for materials that are cheap and readily available, and have high adsorption and enrichment

Abstract Adsorption is known as the best technique to remove dyes from waste water, and the choice of adsorbent is the most important factor. In this regard, some commercial porous materials have been applied for a long time as popular adsorbents for dye adsorption. However, the search for new classes of porous materials is still attractive to researchers. Recently, metal-organic frameworks are seen

Abstract Despite the available long-term experience in the practical application of antiscalants for preventing the depositions on membranes during the reverse osmosis of sparingly soluble inorganic compounds of generally crystalline nature (scaling, inorganic fouling), the studies on the antiscaling mechanism, the development of express methods for estimating the optimal dose of antiscalants, and

Abstract Potamogeton crispus has a significant effect on the purification of contaminated water and can improve the stability of aquatic ecosystems, but much research work was carried out under controlled conditions. The water quality indexes were measured to determine whether the purification effect under natural conditions can achieve the same effect as under controlled conditions in this study.

Abstract Yangon river has been facing with a problem of high rate of sedimentation as the reasons of deforestation, riverbank erosion, and flooding. A hundred million tons of sediments has been being dredged over 50 yr to maintain Yangon river waterway. Sediments daily produced from dredging work are directly dumped at a designated disposal area about 200 m far from dredging site to flash out these

Abstract In order to understand the species composition, quantity and spatial distribution of both typical shrub communities and their plant propagule bank and their relationship with aboveground plant communities along mountain river, Dicun stream, which was the source of the Jiulong River in the west of Fujian Province, was chosen to study. The seed germination method was used to identify the species

Abstract Groundwater is one of the most important natural resources. Regional groundwater depth is an important parameter for understanding groundwater resources and maintaining sustainable development of water resources and environment. The middle reaches of the Tarim River in Xinjiang are the most primitive and well-preserved place in the world, which provides valuable resources in studying the response

Abstract Arsenic contamination of water in the Red River and Mekong deltas brings the largest mass poisoning calamity in human history because drinking of arsenic contaminated water can cause cancers of the skin, lungs, bladder and kidney and other harmful diseases. In general, the arsenic exists in difference oxidation states such as –3, 0, +3, and +5, among which As(+3) has been considered as the

Abstract A principally new view on the constitution of the Universe, the Solar System, and the Earth on the basis of a correct scientific reading and understanding of the Holy Scripture is proposed alongside with the interpretation of the God’s message in the form of the Bible, which is started from the book of Genesis describing the creation of the world and the life of the first peoples and terminated

Abstract Environmental issues, including wastewater treatment plant sitting, usually have various aspects of criteria and involve many stakeholders from various backgrounds and levels. It is characterized as multi-criteria decision-making problem that requires extensive environmental, financial, social, operational and technical evaluations. Furthermore, the various background of involved stakeholders

Abstract The present study was carried out to estimate the residual level of preservatives and active whitening agents from personal care products (PCPs) wastewater by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) along with characterization of wastewater. Diverse types of pollutants are being detected in aqueous environment with PCPs and related compounds containing large variety of groups,

Abstract Our current knowledge about the structure and origin of the Universe, our understanding of how the physical world around us works–all this knowledge is negligibly small, and all further efforts by scientists can only uncover a tiny piece of this mystery. In this article, the authors suggest their own interpretation of the message of God the Creator about the creation of our world in six days

Abstract A novel functionalized solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber coating was prepared by simple and rapid self-assembling technique between the fiber surface gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and 11-mercapto-1-undecanol (HO-C11-SH) using an etched stainless steel wire (ESSW) as a supporting substrate. The ESSW offers a rough surface structure and very large contact surface for subsequent electrochemical

Abstract Membrane fouling behaviors were investigated to different biogas sparging flows such as 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 L biogas/min for anaerobic submerged membrane bioreactor (AnSMBR) treating synthetic wastewater in a laboratory-scale. For each different biogas flow rate, the membrane module of the same feature was used in the system and the effect of biogas sparging flow on fouling control was examined

Abstract A composite particle electrode Sn/Sb-Mn-GAC was prepared by impregnation with granular activated carbon (GAC) as carrier. The surface morphology, phase composition and electrochemical properties of the particle electrode were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and electrochemical workstation. The results show that the Sn/Sb-Mn-GAC particles have uniform grain

Abstract The construction of artificial weirs as part of the Four Major Rivers Restoration Project is expected to result in the Nakdong River Basin having the characteristics of closed water bodies and properties of water quality that convert suspended components into soluble ones due to a long retention time, thereby leading to the continuous deterioration of water quality. In this regard, this study

Abstract Tannic acid (TA) is a polyphenolic compound which is categorized in dissolved organic matter (DOM) classification. This matter has toxicity for aquatic organism, such as fish, phytoplankton, algae and invertebrates. TA is an anionic organic matter and its molecular weight is 1700 g/mol. This compound contributes to the production of disinfection by products (DBPs) during chlorination process

Abstract To assure the prevention of microbial contamination and the provision of safe potable water to consumers, efficient disinfection is the final barrier. Chlorine, once a widely applied disinfectant, has essentially been re-considered by many water treatment practitioners. Since the research unveiled chlorine-associated health repercussions, the investigation shifted to more viable disinfection

Abstract Removal of fluorides from water is essential for humans and animals because it causes dental and bone deficiency. The maximum permissible limit of fluoride is 1.5 mg/L, according to the World Health Organization. Recently it became known that countries like Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, China, Argentina, etc. have high fluoride concentration in groundwater. In the present work, calcium peroxide

Abstract Increasing rate of water pollution and consequently waterborne diseases are the engrossing evidence towards danger to living organisms. It becomes a great challenge these days to preserve our flora and fauna by controlling various unexpected pollution activities. Although the invention of many schemes and programmes regarding water purification has done a tremendous job, but still there is

Abstract Monitoring and assessment of surface drinking water resources is vital for human life. As it is known, many diseases are caused by contaminated waters. Surface water resources quality was classified in terms of treatment potential by using 41 conventional parameters in Turkey. It is not insufficient to take these conventional parameters into account alone due to the fact that there exist new

Abstract The efficiency of the sorption of Eu(III) by various forms of Mg,Al- and Zn,Al-layered double hydroxides (LDH) from model and natural waters at various pH was estimated for concentrating this metal ions and its subsequent spectrophotometric determination. It was found that the almost complete extraction of Eu(III) is reached on the carbonate form of Mg,Al-LDH by a deposition mechanism because

Abstract It was shown that magnetic treatment is more efficient for bicarbonate water containing free carbon dioxide at subequilibrium concentration. After removing the excess of carbon dioxide by purging with an inert gas or by long boiling, a CaCO3 precipitate forms, which mainly consists of acicular aragonite. This is likely to be due to the fact that the water degassing disturbs the spatial structure