Abstract A highly efficient, economical, and waste-free technology for the purification of natural waters for thermal power plants has been developed. The preliminary purification of water involved microfiltration on tubular ceramic membranes made of clay minerals according to a technology developed at the Dumansky Institute of Colloid Chemistry and Water Chemistry, NAS of Ukraine; the degree of retention

Abstract The use of sorbing additives in removal of U(VI) species from waters by ultrafiltration (UF) has been investigated in long-term studies. Montmorillonite from the Cherkassy field, a natural clay mineral, and Zn–Al–EDTA, a functionalized synthetic layered double hydroxide intercalated with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), are used as sorbents. The retention coefficient of U(VI) by a UPM-20

Abstract We studied the adsorption extraction of Eu(III) from aqueous media by Zn,Al- and Mg,Al-layered double hydroxides (LDHs), intercalated by citrate ions, and their composites with magnetic properties. Cations typical of natural waters (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+) do not affect the efficiency of water purification from Eu(III), and humic acids even increase it when using composite materials. The following

Abstract The formation of space began with the formation of the first star, and then the formation of our Solar System ensued. This is how the evolution of stars and planets, in which chemical elements are synthesized, is described. The dimensions of the system are determined by the relationship of atomic matter with physical vacuum and gravitational forces of attraction. Both micro- and macrosystems

Abstract Cadmium is one of the toxic heavy metal that is discharged into the surroundings by various routes such as sedimentary rocks, weathering and erosion of rock, earth’s crust, marine phosphate and phosphorites, forest fires etc. However battery manufacturing industry, plated containers, mining, auto exhaust, smelting of nonferrous metals, cigarettes ore dressing, and galvanized pipes are the

Abstract Theoretical studies of processes of oily wastewater treatment for removing various impurities determined the main mechanism of the formation of coagulation structures and aggregates with their subsequent settling and phase separation, which disturb the aggregation and kinetic stability of the medium. It was found that a more advanced coagulation leads to the destruction of interlayers of the

Abstract River Beas originates in the Himalayas in Central Himachal Pradesh, and merges with river Sutlej at Harike in the state of Punjab and this river is a habitat of the endangered freshwater dolphin, Platanista gangetica minor R. The pollution of water bodies is a significant environmental jeopardy as the river is the prime source of water for the consumption by human beings and aquatic species

Abstract Activated carbons are prepared by conventional two-stage carbonization–activation processing and complex processing of spent coffee grounds. The latter method includes preliminary solvent extraction of organic compounds. The samples prepared by conventional and complex processing methods have a high BET (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller) surface area (SBET = 864 and 1089 m2/g, respectively), specific

Abstract Sludge treatment in wastewater treatment plants is one of the most difficult challenges for professionals and officials. Disinfection has become a challenging aspect of treatment because of the rapid elevation of health standards and the growing concern for pollution-free water resources. Chemical disinfection methods, like chlorination and ozonation, are often not environmental friendly (because

Abstract The removal of a set of contaminations consisting of hardness salts, iron, humic substances, and microorganisms by using a unit combining electrochemical treatment and filtration is investigated. Constructively, the electrochemical unit is based on the flask of a standard domestic water filter equipped with a filtering cartridge, in the form of hollow cylinder, filled with sintered activated

Abstract A high efficiency of the process of water purification from Mn(II) compounds formed at pH 8.3–8.4 on a Mn(II) modified microfiltration tubular ceramic membrane of clay materials, which was developed in the Dumansky Institute of Colloid Chemistry and Water Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, was shown. The conditions for the dynamic modification of the ceramic membrane

Abstract Disposal of red mud from aluminum production is a worldwide problem and is of great importance in protecting the environment. In previous studies, the authors determined the possibility of obtaining a composite coagulant for the treatment of natural water and wastewaters. The effectiveness of purification of colored Dnieper water by such a reagent due to the presence of iron and aluminum compounds

Abstract The existing methods for dewatering sewage sludge containing finely dispersed clay minerals can be applied with an initial moisture content of <75%. In the case of higher moisture content, it is necessary to treat preliminary such dispersions to provide their destabilization, sedimentation, and consolidation, that is, to obtain more concentrated precipitate, followed by the separation of the

Abstract A model of the origin and structure of the Universe is presented. It is shown that the laws of nature are identical and evident both in the microscopic world and the macrocosm. Already Pythagoras paid special attention to the unit as a sacred number in the language of mathematics, and D.I. Mendeleev assigned special importance to hydrogen, the first element of the periodic table, from which

Abstract In this work, we have developed a near-infrared emissive polyethyleneimine capped Ag2(PEI-Ag2S QD) quantum dots based chemosensor for sensing trace-level Hg2+ in water by taking advantage of the metal-induced aggregation strategy. The fluorescence determination of Hg2+ by PEI-Ag2S QD at different pH (pH 4, 7, and 10) were performed, respectively. Under the optimum conditions, the selectivity

Abstract Polyethyleneimine (PEI)-polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-cellulose membrane (PEI-PAN cellulose membrane) was developed by immobilizing PEI onto PAN coated cellulose support via electrostatic force to be used for determination of Cu(II) by colorimetric method. The membrane was prepared in two-step process, in which 4% PAN solution was prepared and coated onto the membrane via filtration method, followed

Abstract Tetracycline (TC) is one of the most commonly applied antibiotic and due to the risk posed by antibiotic-resistant pathogens, the need for treating these wastewater is beyond question. Photocatalytic degradation of TC in aqueous solution was studied using TiO2 based on natural zeolite (clinoptilolite, CP) under UV irradiation in a batch reactor. For the first time, in order to propose an accurate

Abstract A new and sensitive preconcentration procedure was developed for the determination of trace amount of Mn(II) in environmental water samples. Amberlite XAD-4 resin was functionalized with N,N-bis(salicylidene)cyclohexanediamine (SCHD) to preconcentrate and separate Mn(II) at the trace level concentrations. Mn(II) ion in environmental water samples was determined by the formaldoxime spectrophotometric

The purification of wastewater through the use of the plants (phytoepuration) was used in different areas and under various climates; it was tested successfully for organic pollution, for the elimination of phosphorus pollution, nitrogen pollution, metals, and for the destruction of the pathogenic germs. This study reports the monitoring of purifying performances of three plants, which show a good

The high efficiency of the process of water purification from Fe(III) hydroxo-compounds by microfiltration tubular ceramic membrane based on clay minerals has been shown. This water purification process was developed by Dumanskii Institute of Colloid and Water Chemistry (ICWC), National Academy of Science of Ukraine. The effect of the initial solution concentration, its pH, working pressure, the process

Principles of the world origin and structure in relation to the Mendeleev’s periodic law are presented in this paper. Our Universe consisting of hydrogen (88.6%), helium (11.3%), and other chemical elements (0.1%) has created very favorable conditions for life on the Earth, including the much-needed water—a unique substance with all its anomalies. Special attention is given to hydrogen, the first element

The separation of oil-water emulsion, in general, is a major problem in oil production and refining processes. The authors performed targeted laboratory and field studies on wastewater cleaning from hydrocarbons in the conditions of oil preprocessing on the ZhetybayMunayGaz oil field, Republic of Kazakhstan. The field pilot-scale tests (FPST) have been performed with a novel nanodemulsifier IKHLAS-1

Increasing demands to the quality of drinking water necessitate the search for environmentally friendly and effective methods of its disinfection and purification. The purpose of this work was to study the disinfecting activity of chitosan (ChTS) obtained from natural polymer chitine in relation to E. coli and C. albicans depending on the physicochemical parameters of medium. It has been established

Copper is toxic and is considered as the hazardous pollutant due to his stability in the environment. Current technologies used for its removal involve materials which can be difficult to synthesize, are expensive or are themselves potentially toxic. Natural clays are abundant worldwide, relatively cheap, possess sorption and ion exchange properties, are candidates as adsorbents. While the Cu(II) sorption

The dynamics of sea water self-purification processes in the water area of the Karadag Nature Reserve during five years after the emergency discharges of sulfur and oil products to the Black Sea has been studied. The toxicity of aquatic environment was estimated by the biotesting method based on using saltwater crustaceans: Artemia salina species from the Branchiopoda order. The rate of self-purification

A new biodegradtion method for removal of phenol and its derivatives has been considered. In this study the biochemical pathway involved in degradation of phenol through Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterial cells which are immobilized on graphene oxide (GO) has been investigated. Since phenol is a toxic substance and eliminating it through a biological method is difficult, the phenol removal ability of

Organic pollutants in water have been the main contaminations of concern for man. 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol (TCP), is a toxic carcinogen phenolic derivative which exists in effluents of chemical industries and the removal of this pollutant is critical. As the removal of TCP from industrial effluents is important, various techniques have been applied such as adsorption, chemical oxidation, chemical coagulation

The regeneration of used mixed sorbents (activated carbon with kieselgur) for their repeated usage in the purification of recycled water from organic impurities during the production of soft drinks has been presented in this study. The sequence of reagent interaction and the staging of acid-base processing of used sorbents allowed recovering 100% of their sorption capacity. The schematic of a three-stage

Groundwater contamination by non-metallic inorganic contaminants has become a severe problem to the human kind and its healthy survival. Nitrate contamination of drinking water has become a major health threat in many countries of the world including India and this issue needs to be resolved through developing advance technology to scale down the nitrate concentration and to make the water fit for

Membrane separation of solutions is inextricably connected with the phenomenon of concentration polarization. If the solution composition includes hardness salts, it involves the possible precipitation on the membrane surface. In practice, special antiscalant chemicals are used to prevent sediment formation in the process of membrane separation. The application of antiscalants is associated with the

The removal of Cu2+ and Zn2+ from industrial wastewater using the microbial desalination cell is studied. Both synthetic and industrial samples were haracterised in accordance with standard methods recommended for examination of water and wastewater. Synthetic samples used for the analysis were prepared with concentration 5; 25; 50; 75; 100 mg/L Cu2+ and Zn2+ in deionized water. The removal efficiency

Monitoring of organochlorine pesticides (OCP), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in surface waters, sediments and aquatic lives of the benthic layer from different water systems of Ukraine was carried out. Information about the levels of these organic contaminants was collected, summarized and presented according to universally accepted regulatory standards

Polymer/Fe3O4 composite was synthesized via radical polymerization. Acrylamide was used as monomer and copolymerized with 1,3,5-triacryloylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine in the presence of Fe3O4 particles. The obtained polymer was hydrolyzed by N,N,N’,N’-tetramethylethylenediamine to increase ionized groups amount. Dried and powdered composite was used for removal of Cd2+, Pb2+ and Cr3+ in batch mode. Also

Environmental assessment using living test organisms contribute to the timely detection of negative for human health pollutants. Hydra is a small freshwater organism that has been widely used in different types of bioassays to study the toxic potential of numerous chemical substances and is recently growing in popularity for assessing the impacts of water pollutants. Under normal conditions, adult

Surface water is contaminated by various xenobiotics. Using standardized methods, the content of organochlorine pesticides that are environmentally stable, migrate along food chains and can accumulate in dangerous amounts in living organisms is monitored. In this case, the insecticide imidacloprid is not controlled, however, its ingress into surface and ground waters is not allowed. Seasonal detection

Mixed bed resin was prepared using T-46 (H+) and A-33 (OH−) through mixing their ratio 1: 1.6 and characterized by Fourier transform infrared scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy. The mixed bed resin was evaluated for the removal of cesium and strontium from contaminated water. The aim of our study was to find the suitable condition for removal of Cs and Sr ions from

The study is aimed at investigating the efficiency of the sodium salt of maleic acid-decene-1-styrene terpolymer as a sorbent for the removal of copper ions from aqueous solution. The removal of copper ions on synthesized polymer-sorbent was carried out using a batch experiment method. Sorption of copper ions was studied at different values of the contact time, sorbent dosage, pH and initial concentrations