Arboviruses, such as chikungunya, dengue, yellow fever, and zika, caused by the bite of the Aedes aegypti mosquito, have been a frequent public health problem, with a high incidence of outbreaks in tropical and subtropical countries. These diseases are easily confused with a flu‐like illness and present very similar symptoms, difficult to distinguish, and treat appropriately. The effects that these

Insulator‐based dielectrophoresis (iDEP) exploits the electric field gradients formed around insulating structures to manipulate particles for diverse microfluidic applications. Compared to the traditional electrode‐based dielectrophoresis, iDEP microdevices have the advantages of easy fabrication, free of water electrolysis, and robust structure, etc. However, the presence of in‐channel insulators

The enantioseparation of eight psychoactive drugs has been firstly performed on a coated cellulose‐based chiral stationary phase (Chiralcel OJ‐H). To obtain optimum separation conditions, the influences of alcohol modifiers and basic/acidic additives have been studied. As a result, except for the partial separation of oxybutynin enantiomers, the other seven drug enantiomers, including mirtazapine,

Massively parallel sequencing (MPS) technology allows to simultaneously type multitudinous molecular genetic markers for many samples in one run with the feature of high detection resolution, and thereby arouses the increasing attention from forensic science. Herein, multiple allelic single nucleotide polymorphisms (multi‐allelic SNPs) were screened for personal identification and parentage testing

We previously established an automatic droplet‐creation technique that only required air evacuation of a PDMS microfluidic device prior to use. Although the rate of droplet production with this technique was originally slow (∼10 droplets per second), this was greatly improved (∼470 droplets per second) in our recent study by remodeling the original device configuration. This improvement was realized

Enantioseparation of chiral products has become increasingly important in a large diversity of academic and industrial applications. The separation of chiral compounds is inherently challenging and thus requires a suitable analytical technique that can achieve high resolution and sensitivity. In this context, capillary electrophoresis (CE) has shown remarkable results so far. Chiral CE offers an orthogonal

Bispecific monoclonal antibodies (BsAbs) are receiving great attention due to their extensive benefits as biopharmaceuticals and their involvement in IgG4 mediated autoimmune diseases. While the production of BsAbs is getting more accessible, their analytical characterization remains challenging. We explored the potential of sheathless CE‐MS for monitoring exchange efficiency and stability of in‐house

Almost all known food borne pathogens are able to form biofilms as one of the strategies for survival under harsh living conditions, to ward off the inhibition and the disinfection during food production, transport and storage, as well as during cleaning and sanitation of corresponding facilities. Biofilms are communities where microbial cells live under constant intracellular interaction and communication

Capillary electrophoresis represents a promising technique in the field of pharmaceutical analysis. The presented review provides a summary of capillary electrophoretic methods suitable for routine quality control analyses of small molecule drugs published since 2015. In total, more than 80 discussed methods are sorted into 3 main sections according to the applied electroseparation modes (capillary

Capillary electrophoresis‐mass spectrometry (CE‐MS) is now a mature analytical technique in metabolomics, notably for the efficient profiling of polar and charged metabolites. Over the past few years, (further) progress has been made in the design of improved interfacing techniques for coupling CE to MS; also, in the development of CE‐MS approaches for profiling metabolites in volume‐restricted samples

Recombinant human erythropoietin (rhuEPO) has been extensively used as a pharmaceutical product for treating anemia in the clinic. Glycosylation of rhuEPO was crucial for affecting biological activity, immunogenicity, and pharmacokinetics. Because of the heterogeneity of glycan, the structure of rhuEPO was complex with several isoforms. Characterization of isoforms was important for quality control

A capillary electrophoresis instrument which can be assembled from commercially available components with minimal construction effort is described. Except for the electronic control circuitry no specially made parts are required. It is based on a flexible design of microfluidic, electropneumatic and electronic sections and different configurations can easily be implemented. Automated injection into

Currently, feature annotation remains one of the main challenges in untargeted metabolomics. In this context, the information provided by high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) in addition to accurate mass can improve the quality of metabolite annotation, and MS/MS fragmentation patterns are widely used. Accurate mass and a separation index, such as retention time or effective mobility (μeff), in

We investigate the electrohydrodynamics of an initially spherical droplet under the influence of an external alternating electric field by conducting axisymmetric numerical simulations using a charge‐conservative volume‐of‐fluid based finite volume flow solver. The mean amplitude of shape oscillations of a droplet subjected to an alternating electric field for leaky dielectric fluids is similar to

In recent years, differentially expressed small RNAs have been widely used to identify the compositions of forensically relevant biological samples, and a vast number of such RNA candidates have been proposed. Nevertheless, when assessing the expression levels of target small RNAs using relative quantitative analysis methods, credible internal controls are usually required for reliable data normalization

Y‐chromosome SNP haplogroups exhibit geographic structuring in many populations around the world. Therefore, Y‐chromosome haplogroups have been widely used to infer paternal biogeographical ancestry and high‐resolution paternal lineage classification. In the present study, we designed a customized panel containing 183 Y‐SNPs based on previous studies and evaluated the genotyping performance and repeatability

This paper presents an inexpensive and easy‐to‐implement voltage sequencer instrument for use in microchip capillary electrophoresis (MCE) actuation. The voltage sequencer instrument takes a 0–5 V input signal from a microcontroller and produces a reciprocally proportional voltage signal with the capability to achieve the voltages required for MCE actuation. The unit developed in this work features

Electrospraying (ES) is a potential‐driven process of liquid atomization, which is employed in the field of analytical chemistry, particularly as an ionization technique for mass spectrometric analyses of biomolecules. In this review, we demonstrate the extraordinary versatility of the electrospray by overviewing the specifics and advanced applications of ES‐based processing of low molecular mass compounds

In this study, the development of our purpose‐made capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C4D) for CE is reported. These systems have been employed as a simple, versatile, and cost‐effective analytical tool. CE‐C4D devices, whose principle is based on the control of the ion movements under an electrical field, can be constructed even with a modest financial budget and limited infrastructure

Massively parallel sequencing of forensic STRs simultaneously provides length‐based genotypes and core repeat sequences as well as flanking sequence variations. Here, we report primer sequences and concentrations of a next‐generation sequencing (NGS)‐based in‐house panel covering 28 autosomal STR loci (CSF1PO, D1GATA113, D1S1627, D1S1656, D1S1677, D2S441, D2S1776, D3S3053, D5S818, D6S474, D6S1017,

A microwave‐assisted extraction (MAE) method was developed for the extraction of bioactive inositols (D‐chiro‐ and myo‐inositols) from lettuce (Lactuca sativa) leaves as a strategy for the revalorization of these agro‐food residues. Gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry was selected for the simultaneous determination of inositols and sugars (glucose, fructose and sucrose) in these samples. A Box‐Behnken

Protein glycosylation can impact the efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics of therapeutic proteins. Achieving uniform and consistent protein glycosylation is an important requirement for product quality control at all stages of therapeutic protein drug discovery and development. The development of a new microfluidic capillary electrophoresis (CE) device compatible with mass spectrometry (MS) offers

A micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MEKC) method with ultraviolet visible (UV) detection was used for the determination of 1,7‐naphthalenediol, 2,3‐naphthalenediol, 1,5‐naphthalenediol, and 2,7‐naphthalenediol in cosmetics. The current method for their determination in various cosmetics is high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Separation conditions affecting the MEKC method

Factor V Leiden (FVLeiden) is a missense mutation of 1691 position (G1691A) in exon 10 of FV gene, and being a genetic risk for venous thrombosis. Currently, there are several PCR‐based methods for detecting FVLeiden mutation; however, these methods have disadvantages such as time‐consuming, cumbersome steps and potentially hazardous gels. The aims of present study were to develop a simple, time‐saving

A three‐dimensional‐printed microfluidic device made of a thermoplastic material was used to study the creation of molecular filters by controlled dielectric breakdown. The device was made from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene by a fused deposition modeling three‐dimensional printer and consisted of two V‐shaped sample compartments separated by 750 µm of extruded plastic gap. Nanofractures were formed

Herein, a series of bioactive ferrocene‐modifiedN‐heterocycles with alkyl linkers was prepared in good to quantitative yields starting from easy accessible ferrocene alcohols and heterocycles under acidic or neutral (for imidazole) conditions in racemic forms. Theanalytical resolutionof a number of bioactive racemic ferrocene azoles 1–6(where azole −imidazole, pyrazole, benzotriazole derivatives) into

This study aimed to evaluate the polyphenolic composition along with the biological activity of guabiroba (Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg.) fruits using comprehensive two‐dimensional liquid chromatography (LC × LC). A simplex centroid design comprising three solvents (methanol, 2% acetic acid, and acetonitrile) was used to optimize the extraction mixture for polyphenols from ripe and unripe guabiroba

CE hyphenated to ESI‐MS (CE‐ESI‐MS) is a well‐established technique to analyze charged analytes in complex samples. Although various interfaces for CE‐MS coupling are commercially available, the development of alternatives which combine sensitivity, simplicity, and robustness remains a topic of research. In this work, a nanoflow sheath liquid CE‐MS interface with two movable capillaries inside a glass

Capillary sieving electrophoresis utilizing SDS (CE(SDS)) is one of the most applied methods for the analysis of antibody (mAb) size heterogeneity in the biopharmaceutical industry. Inadequate peak identification of observed protein fragments is still a major issue. In a recent publication, we introduced an electrophoretic 2D system, enabling online mass spectrometric detection of generic CE(SDS) separated

In this work, we demonstrate a single‐view field filter (SVFF) device for the efficient filtration and enumeration of rare tumor cells in the blood. In our device, the track‐etched membrane is integrated within a low‐cost polymer‐film microfluidic chip, and multiplex microfiltration chambers are designed. Our device permits the performing of multiple sample tests on a single membrane and the dynamical

The aim of the present study is to determine four anionic alkyl sulfate (AS) surfactants with different alkyl chains, namely, C8, C10, C12, and C14, in wastewater by CE with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (CE‐C4D). The conditions effective for the separation of the four AS surfactants were systematically optimized and found to be in a Tris‐His (50 mM/20 mM) BGE solution at

Many cellular functions are affected by and thus can be characterized by a cell's electrophysiology. This has also been found to correspond to other biophysical parameters such as cell morphology and mechanical properties. Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is an electrostatic technique which can be used to examine cellular biophysical parameters through the measuring of single or multiple cell response to electric

DNA analysis of degraded samples and low‐copy number DNA derived from skeletal remains, one of the most challenging forensic tasks, is common in disaster victim identification and genetic analysis of historical materials. Massively parallel sequencing (MPS) is a useful technique for STR analysis that enables the sequencing of smaller amplicons compared with conventional capillary electrophoresis (CE)

This study describes an inexpensive and nonconventional soft‐embossing protocol to produce microfluidic devices in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). The desirable microfluidic structure was photo‐patterned in a poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) film deposited on glass substrate to produce a low‐relief master. Then, this template was used to generate a high‐relief pattern in stiffened PDMS by increasing of

The structure and conductivity of AOT (sodium bis(2‐ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate) solutions (2.5 × 10−4–2.5 × 10−1 M) in n‐hexadecane‐chloroform mixture at the chloroform concentration from 50 to 100 vol% were studied. The diffusion ordered spectroscopy NMR study revealed that in the indicated range, the observed hydrodynamic diameter of micelles depends only on the AOT concentration and does not depend

In this work, we report original analytical expressions defining the electrophoretic mobility of composite soft particles comprising an inner core and a surrounding polymer shell with differentiated permeabilities to ions from aqueous background electrolyte and to fluid flow developed under applied DC field conditions. The existence of dielectric permittivity gradients operational at the core/shell

Aminoglycosides are a relevant class of antibiotics widely used by medics and veterinaries. There are a variety of reasons that make their determination relevant, such as quality control, environment and food contamination assessment, drug‐release studies, among others. The lack of a chromophore makes aminoglycoside spectrophotometric detection particularly challenging, often requiring derivatization

Recovering appropriate evidence from crime scenes to identify the perpetrator, or in certain cases, the victim, is one of the main goals of forensic investigation. The current practice includes collection of objects from which “trace” or “touch” DNA may be retrieved. Contact lenses, worn by the perpetrator/victim, represent a potentially good source of DNA. This is based on their exposure to touch

Electrophoresis or electrochromatography carried out in nanometer columns (width and depth) offers some attractive benefits compared to microscale columns. These advantages include unique separation mechanisms that are scale dependent, fast separation times, and simpler workflow due to the lack of a need for column packing and/or wall coatings to create a stationary phase. We report the use of thermoplastics

We introduce herein an efficient microfluidic approach for continuous transport and localized collection of nanoparticles via hybrid electrokinetics, which delicately combines linear and nonlinear electrokinetics driven by a composite DC‐biased AC voltage signal. The proposed technique utilizes a simple geometrical structure, in which one or a series of metal strips serving as floating electrode (FE)

Riociguat is novel antihypertensive drug for treatment of pulmonary hypertension. As such, it is still being tested in many clinical and pharmacokinetic trials. Existing methods that determine serum riociguat and desmethylriociguat (DMR) are based solely on liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. Therefore, we present a novel capillary electrophoresis with mass spectrometry method (CE‐MS) for

In the present research, field‐amplified sample injection–CZE (FASI–CZE) coupled with a diode array detector was established to determine trace level sulfa antibiotic. Sulfathiazole, sulfadiazine, sulfamethazine, sulfadimethoxine, sulfamethoxazole, and sulfisoxazole were selected as analytes for the experiments. The background electrolyte solution consisted of 70.0 mmol/L borax and 60.0 mmol/L boric

Vaccines against infectious diseases are urgently needed. Therefore, modern analytical method development should be as efficient as possible to speed up vaccine development. The objectives of the study were to identify critical method parameters (CMPs) and to establish a set of steps to efficiently develop and validate a CE‐SDS method for vaccine protein analysis based on a commercially available gel

The stability of α‐bromophenylacetic acid (BPAA) in 50% aqueous methanol solution has been tested. CE in different running buffers was used to separate BPAA from the decomposition reaction products α‐hydroxyphenylacetic (mandelic) acid and α‐methoxyphenylacetic acid. Suitable CE separation of all three compounds and other product, bromide, was achieved in 60 mmol/L formate buffer (pH 3.0) at −30 kV

A planar, transparent, and adaptable nanosieve device is developed for efficient microalgae/bacteria separation. In the proposed method, a sacrificial layer is applied with dual photolithography patterning to achieve a 1D channel with a very low aspect ratio (1:10 000). A microalgae/bacteria mixture is then introduced into the deformable PDMS nanochannel. The hydrodynamic deformation of the nanochannel

Bile acids are a group of compounds essential for lipid digestion and absorption with a steroid skeleton and a carboxylate side chain usually conjugated to glycine or taurine. Bile acids are regulatory molecules for a number of metabolic processes and can be used as biomarkers of various disorders. Since the middle of the twentieth century, the detection of bile acids has evolved from simple qualitative

Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is a selective electrokinetic particle manipulation technology that is applied for almost 100 years and currently finds most applications in biomedical research using microfluidic devices operating at moderate to low throughput. This paper reviews DEP separators capable of high‐throughput operation and research addressing separation and analysis of non‐biological particle systems

A novel capillary electrophoresis (CE) method with ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis) detection for the investigation of dissolved Cu+ and Cu2+ in lithium ion battery (LIB) electrolytes was developed. This method is of relevance, as the current collector at the anode of LIBs may dissolve under certain operation conditions. In order to preserve the actual oxidation states of dissolved copper

Pyrolysis processes are an alternative to minimize the environmental problem associated to agrifood industrial wastes. The main product resulting from these processes is a high‐value liquid product, called bio‐oil. Recently, the use of comprehensive two‐dimensional liquid chromatography (LC × LC) has been demonstrated as a useful tool to improve the characterization of the water‐soluble phases of bio‐oils

Seaweed (macroalgae) is considered as a sustainable bioresource rich in high‐quality nutrients such as protein. Seaweed protein can be used as an alternative to other protein sources. Furthermore, these proteins are natural reservoirs of bioactive peptides (BAPs) associated with various health benefits such as antioxidant, antihypertensive, and antidiabetic activities. However, seaweed‐derived BAPs

Chuanxiong Rhizoma is a commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine. Chuanxiong Rhizoma is widely distributed in Sichuan province, China, including the cities of Dujiangyan, Pengzhou, Meishan, Qionglai, and Shifang. However, reports on the comparisons of quality of Chuanxiong Rhizoma of different production origins are limited. Therefore, an ultra‐HPLC with triple quadrupole MS method was developed

Concentration polarization (CP)‐based focusing electrokinetics nanofluidic devices have been developed in order to simultaneously detect and enrich highly diluted analytes on‐a‐chip. However, stabilization of focal points over long time under the application of the electric field remains as a technical bottleneck. If pressure‐assisted preconcentration methods have been proposed to stabilize propagating

The electrophoretic mobility change of desferrioxamine B (DFO) was monitored by UV absorption spectrophotometry upon increasing the thorium(IV) concentration in the background electrolyte at two acidities ([HClO4]Tot = 0.0316 and 0.0100 M). These data enabled to assess the speciation model and to determine the equilibrium constant of [Th(DFO)H2]3+ at fixed ionic strength (I = 0.1 M (H,Na)ClO4). Affinity

A capillary electrophoresis (CE) method with ultraviolet/visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy for iron speciation in lithium ion battery (LIB) electrolytes was developed. The complexation of Fe2+ with 1,10‐phenantroline (o‐phen) and of Fe3+ with ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) revealed effective stabilization of both iron species during sample preparation and CE measurements. For the investigation

Amino acids are essential compounds for living organisms, and their determination in biological fluids is crucial for the clinical analysis and diagnosis of many diseases. However, the detection of most amino acids is hindered by the lack of a strong chromophore/fluorophore or electrochemically active group in their chemical structures. The highly sensitive determination of amino acids often requires

A quantification method for imatinib (IM), its major metabolite N‐desmethyl imatinib (NDI), and a degradation by‐product was developed using CE–MS combined with an online concentration technique. The use of multiple reaction monitoring (MRM)–MS/MS further improved the sensitivity of this technology. Liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) using tertiary butyl methyl ether yielded high recovery and reproducibility