Qualitative and quantitative analyses of quercetin (Qu) and isorhamnetin (Is) in Hippophae rhamnoides L. fruits hydrolysis products from 10 different origins were conducted by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), using 3% sodium acetate silica gel G plate (Anhui Liangchen), dichloromethane–ethyl acetate–formic acid (7:3:1, V/V) as the developing reagent, 1% ethanol solution of aluminum

A novel high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) analytical method has been developed and optimized for the quantification of quetiapine fumarate (QF) and its two genotoxic impurities in drug substance and drug product. The desired separation was achieved on 60F254 pre-coated HPTLC plates using combination of green solvents, ethyl acetate‒ethanol‒n-heptane (5:1:4, V/V) as developing solvents

The purpose of the current investigation is to standardize the aqueous leaf extract of Coriandrum sativum L. with a high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method. The method involves the determination and validation of extract with quercetin as standard. Chromatography was performed on pre-coated silica gel G 60 F254 plate as the stationary phase with formic acid, ethyl acetate and toluene

Rare endemic ethnomedicinal plants that are indigenous to the Piperaceae family have an ancient history as traditional medicine in the treatment of diverse ailments like gastrointestinal disorders. The present research work highlights a digitally optimized, rapid, accurate and highly sensitive high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method for the simultaneous screening and quantification

A precise, accurate and sensitive high-performance thin-layer chromatographic method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of montelukast and bilastine in a tablet dosage form which is used in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. The proposed method used aluminum plates pre-coated with silica gel 60F254 as the stationary phase and acetonitrile–ethyl acetate–ammonia (4:6:0

The objective of the present work was to develop a simple, specific, and fast high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method to identify and quantify cordifolioside A, 20-β-hydroxyecdysone and columbin with HPTLC‒electrospray ionization‒tandem mass spectrometry (ESI‒MS/MS) for characterization in Tinospora cordifolia stem extracts. Chromatographic development was performed using a HPTLC

In this study, three active ingredients, namely, gallic acid, orientin and orientin-2″-O-β-l-galactoside, in Chinese medicine compound antibacterial gels (CMCAGs) were identified and quantified by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC). The thin-layer plate was a polyamide film plate, and the deploying agent was dichloromethane‒butanone‒methanol‒formic acid (6:0.5:2:0.6, V/V). The scanning

High-performance thin-layer chromatography, which is a quick qualitative and quantitative method, was used to determine four kinds of hydroxynaphthoquinone ingredients, namely β-hydroxyisovaleryl shikonin, L-shikonin, β-acetoxyisovaleryl shikonin, and acetyl shikonin, in Arnebia euchroma (Royle) Johnst. roots originating from nine batches in Urumqi, China. The developing solvent was cyclohexane‒dichloromethane‒ethyl

Croton tiglium L. belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae, distributed mainly in countries like India and China. The seeds of C. tiglium in raw form exert toxic effects, and the purified seeds are used in medicinal formulations, especially in Ayurveda. The present study is aimed to evaluate the chemical changes of raw and purified samples of C. tiglium seeds using chromatographic techniques such as high-performance

This work reports the enantioresolution of (RS)-acebutolol (ACB) by a thin-layer chromatographic method involving colistin sulfate (CS) as chiral selector. For this purpose, glass plates of dimension (12 cm × 4 cm × 0.4 cm) were prepared and used in four different approaches. The chiral selector was used in four different approaches before or during the chromatographic processes. Out of several mobile

We present a densitometric quantification method for triclosan in toothpaste, separated by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and using a 48-bit flatbed scanner as the detection system. The sample was band-wise applied to HPTLC plates (10 × 20 cm), with fluorescent dye, Merck, Germany (1.05554). The plates were developed in a vertical developing chamber with 20 min of chamber saturation

A simple, precise, rapid and accurate high-performance thin-layer chromatographic method was developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of emtricitabine (EMT) and tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF) in combined dosage forms and forced degradation studies were carried out as per the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines. The stationary phase used was Merck TLC silica

Developing fit-to-purpose analytical screening methods for plant marker constituents by simple and affordable techniques represents a constant and important request from the current transformation chain of plant products. In this work, methods developed on classical thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and overpressured layer chromatography (OPLC) have been applied on some of the most valuable commercial

A precise, robust and accurate high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method has been developed for the simultaneous estimation of chlorthalidone and metoprolol succinate using analytical quality by design approach based on principles of quality risk management and design of experiments. The quality risk management was performed by the identification of probable method risk parameters and

A simple, selective, precise, rapid and accurate stability-indicating high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method was developed and validated for the estimation of dapagliflozin and metformin in tablet dosage form. In this work, methanol–ethyl acetate–ammonium acetate (6:4:0.1, V/V) as the mobile phase and aluminum-backed TLC plates pre-coated with 250 µm layer of silica gel 60F254 as

No high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) techniques have been established for the determination of tedizolid phosphate (TDZP) in pharmaceutical products or physiological fluids. Therefore, a rapid and highly sensitive stability-indicating HPTLC technique has been developed for the determination of TDZP in commercial formulations with a classical univariate calibration. The HPTLC‒densitometry

A simple, reliable and reproducible high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method was established for determining echioidin in Andrographis echioides (L.) Nees (AE) plant. Echioidin isolated and identified from AE whole plant in the laboratory was used to develop the proposed HPTLC method. The method was validated in terms of linearity, limits of detection and quantification, precision

A simple and rapid high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) assay was developed and validated for the quantification of tacrolimus ointments on silica gel 60 F254 HPTLC plates, using toluene–acetonitrile–ethyl acetate–glacial acetic acid (6:2:2:0.1, V/V) as the mobile phase and p-anisaldehyde‒sulphuric acid as the derivatising reagent. The analysis was performed at 366 nm. The method was

Plants contain different classes of secondary metabolites that have different levels of solubility in solvents, based on their polarity. The sequential extraction of Echinops echinatus was carried out using three solvent systems, namely water, hydromethanol, and chloroform, where the ratio of hydromethanol is (30:70V/V). The extracts were subjected to a standard phytochemical analysis against some

The purpose of this study was to develop a method for the simultaneous qualitative and quantitative analysis of ursolic acid (UA) and oleanolic acid (OA) in Punica granatum L. flowers. UA and OA were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC). The thin layers chosen were high-performance thin-layer G plates. Sample spots were pretreated in situ with

Drug development from medicinal plants by using various hydroalcoholic solvents has been an emerging trend in the last few decades. Utilisation of plant stem for this purpose is a one-time use and causes destruction of natural resources. Hence, it is necessary to optimize the hydroalcoholic composition for obtaining the best extraction as a pre-work of any drug development. Tinospora cordifolia stem

Pressurized planar electrochromatography (PPEC) of dansyl (DNS) derivatives of amino acids in normal- and reversed-phase systems is presented. The results have been obtained for mobile phases with different acetonitrile (ACN) concentrations (0–85%). The data obtained show differences in separation selectivity between high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and PPEC systems. These differences

A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00764-021-00100-0

Cucumis sativus L. of the Cucurbitaceae family, commonly known as cucumber, is commercially cultivated worldwide. The major phytoconstituents present in the Cucurbitaceae family are different curcurbitacins, principally cucurbitacin E. The content of cucurbitacin E differs within the species or cultivars due to factors like genetic variation and geographical location. The present study reports a simple

A rapid, sensitive, and eco-friendly micellar high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) technique for the simultaneous analysis of cefoperazone and sulbactam in pure and vial pharmaceutical formulation was developed. Merck aluminum HPTLC plates covered with silica gel 60 F254 were used as the stationary phase; acetone‒ethanol‒ethyl acetate‒2% sodium dodecyl sulfate‒glacial acetic acid (3:2:4:1:0

The field of agriculture is the key role in Indian society in which insecticides play a vital role in increasing the crop production yield. Carbosulfan is a member of the carbamate family; it is an important insecticide and it has a diversified role in agriculture. There is an increasing number of human poisoning cases by mainly the compound carbosulfan of the carbamate family. During the last few

Berberis aristata DC., well known as ‘Indian barberry’ or ‘tree turmeric’, (Berberidaceae) is a medicinal herb native to the Northern Himalaya. A dig in the research literature evinced different pharmacological and therapeutic effects of B. aristata and its isoquinoline alkaloids. Records on investigations for the chemical composition of the plant corroborated isoquinoline alkaloids, berberine, berbamine

A simple and sensitive thin-layer chromatography (TLC) method coupled with an image analysis technique was developed for the simultaneous quantitative determination of L-proline and L-lysine in dietary supplement with good precision and accuracy. Separation was performed on silica gel plates using ethanol‒toluene (2:3, V/V) as the mobile phase. The visualization of chromatograms was based on iodine–azide

This study involved qualitative and quantitative analyses of rosmarinic acid (synonym: labiatenic acid), apigenin and buddleoside by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC). The thin-layer plate was a polyamide film and dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and formic acid (6:5:1, V/V) were used as the mobile phase, spraying 2% aluminum trichloride ethanol solution, heating until the spots were

Eclipta alba and Guiera senegalensis have traditionally been used in Ayurvedic and Unani medicine to cure several ailments. Due to the high demand, the quantitative standardization of plant-based products is challenging to maintain their quality. We aimed to develop and validate a high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method for the simultaneous detection and quantification of gallic acid

A simple, rapid, sensitive and reproducible method was developed for the simultaneous quantification of four bioactive compounds, quercetin, gallic acid, eugenol and β-sitosterol, by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) in Psidium guajava L. HPTLC was performed on silica gel 60 F254 by using toluene‒ethyl acetate‒formic acid (7:3:1, V/V) for quercetin and gallic acid and toluene‒ethyl

Volatile organic solvents being generally hazardous to human beings, impact environment and hence are being replaced by environmentally eco-friendly solvents in analytical chemistry. Use of green solvents in different technologies has gained popularity in order to make environment free from pollution. Green solvents have found applications in chemical synthesis and analysis. However, in this review

A simple thin-layer chromatography (TLC)–densitometric and a TLC–image analysis method were developed for the quantitative determination of an active ingredient, genistein-7-O-[α-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 6)]-β-glucopyranoside (GTG) in Derris scandens, by using GTG and genistein as reference standards. Due to a large polarity difference between GTG and genistein, chromatographic analysis was achieved on

A high-performance thin-layer chromatography method for the simultaneous quantitative determination of salicylic acid, kaempferol, gallic acid, and protocatechuic acid in hydro-alcoholic fractions of Cinnamomum verum J. Presl bark was developed for the first time in this species. For achieving good separation, a mobile phase of toluene‒ethyl acetate‒formic acid (5:4:1, V/V) was used. Densitometric

This paper describes the development and application of a high-performance thin-layer chromatography method for the analysis of Kakadu plum (Terminalia ferdinandiana). The method involves a simple extraction into methanol, separation on a silica gel 60 F254 plate using toluene‒ethyl acetate‒formic acid (25:15:10, V/V) as the mobile phase. The method was applied to bulk Kakadu plum extracts and commercially

Lupeol is the main active constituent of Hygrophila schulli (HS) plant. A simple, reliable and reproducible method of quantification is needed for the quality control of HS. Therefore, high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method was established for determining lupeol in HS roots and aerial parts. The laboratory isolated and identified (by UV, FT-IR, 1H- and 13C-NMR and MS) lupeol from

A sensitive, simple and validated thin-layer chromatography (TLC) method (method A) and a high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method (method B) have been developed for the simultaneous determination of linagliptin (LNG) and empagliflozin (EMP) in laboratory prepared mixtures and in their co-formulated pharmaceutical preparations. Chromatographic separation has been done using TLC silica

Cardimap tablet is a polyherbal formulation manufactured by Maharishi Ayurveda and used as an antihypertensive. The Ayurvedic formulation contains Rauwolfia serpentina, Nardostachys jatamansi, Convolvulus pluricaulis, Bacopa monnieri, Piper longum, and hence contains five markers, namely, reserpine, lupeol, scopoletine, bacoside A and piperine. This paper reports the standardization of Cardimap tablet

Physochlaina praealta samples were studied macromorphologically and cytomorphologically along with their detailed phytochemical investigation. The concentration of phytoconstituents showed a strong positive correlation with the ploidy level and altitudinal gradients. The total phenol content was detected maximum in the methanolic extract of leaves and stem of higher altitudinal plants in both cytotypes

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a natural carcinogenic contaminant of agricultural product regulated at parts per billion (ppb) level; therefore, a validated method for the analysis of AFB1 is extremely important. In this study, a high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method was standardized and validated with respect to linearity, sensitivity, precision, and accuracy for the quantification of

The aim of this study was to perform qualitative and quantitative analyses of aloe-emodin, rhein, and emodin in three prepared samples of compound qi yin granules by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and to establish an analytical method. TLC was used to qualitatively analyze the three major components of the compound: aloe-emodin, rhein, and emodin. HPTLC was performed to determine

In this work, a commercially available, chirally pure pharmaceutical containing carboxylic group, namely, levofloxacin was utilized as chiral selector for the enantioresolution of sotalol. The TLC plates were prepared by mixing levofloxacin in silica gel slurry. The racemic mixture of sotalol was applied on TLC plates using MeCN–MeOH–H2O (5.2:2.0:0.8, V/V; pH = 5.0) as the mobile phase at 22 (± 2) °C

Nowadays, the implementation of quality by design approach in analytical method development based on principles of quality risk management (QRM) and design of experiments (DoE) has became a regulatory requirement. Hence, a precise, accurate and robust high-performance thin-layer chromatography method has been developed for the simultaneous estimation of azilsartan medoxomil (AZM) and chlorthalidone

The present study was carried out for screening an efficient extraction method and extracting solvent in different plant parts of Justicia adhatoda L. for the development of a rapid and simultaneous determination of vasicine and vasicinone using a validated high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method. Four different extraction techniques, viz., maceration extraction (ME), ultrasonic-assisted

The genus Justicia (Acanthaceae) is a source of important pharmaceutical compounds. Justicia species are integral parts of several drug preparations in Indian indigenous healthcare system. However, J. beddomei and J. adhatoda are the authentic sources of ‘Vasa’. To authenticate assured therapeutic effect, proper identification at species level is critical. Phytochemical studies were carried out in

Tris(2-chloroethyl)amine is a chemical warfare agent which is considered to be a persistent contaminant highly resistant to decontamination. The time dependence of tris(2-chloroethyl)amine degradation on the water pH value is observed to determine decontamination options using the decontamination of hydroxide-based mixtures which are used by a number of armed forces. The kinetics was observed using

Two validated, simple and precise densitometric high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) quantification methods were proposed for both qualitative and quantitative estimation of oleuropein in Olea europaea leaves and a pharmaceutical product utilizing normal-phase and reversed-phase silica gel TLC plates. In method I, 10 × 20 cm glass plates coated with 0.2 mm thin layers of normal-phase

In the present work, a simple, rapid, reliable and accessible high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) technique has been established for the concurrent quantification of plumbagin. The well-known medicinal plant, Plumbago zeylanica L., has been traditionally used to treat a variety of ailments in India and other countries. Chromatographic separation was conceded on pre-coated silica gel

A high-performance thin-layer chromatography method for the simultaneous quantitative determination and validation of scopoletin and gallic acid in the methanolic fraction of Jatropha glandulifera L. was developed for the first time. For achieving good separation, the mobile phase of toluene‒ethyl acetate‒glacial acetic acid (7.5:2.5:0.1, V/V) was used. Densitometric determination was carried out at

A novel, rapid, and sensitive stability-indicating high-performance thin-layer chromatography method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of celecoxib (CEL) and diacerein (DIA) in bulk and a capsule binary mixture. The complete separation was achieved by the proposed method on nanosilica gel F254 plates using n-hexane‒ethyl acetate‒tetrahydrofuran‒glacial acetic acid (7:3:1:0

Many specific and non-specific chromogenic spray reagents have been used to detect organic pesticides (organophosphorus, organochlorine, carbamates, and pyrethroids) on thin-layer chromatographic (TLC)/high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) plates. To realize high sensitivity and improved selectivity, several chromogenic reagents have been introduced. The physical properties of organic

Medicinal plants of the Cucurbitaceae family are widely consumed as foods in human diet. In the present study, a simple, rapid, quantitative, and validated high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method has been developed for the estimation of chlorogenic acid (CA) in the hydroalcoholic fruit extracts of Luffa acutangula (sponge gourd), Sechium edule (chayote squash), Trichosanthes cucumerina

The present study focuses on the development and validation of a high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC)‒densitometry method for the identification and quantification of resveratrol in the 70% methanolic extract of Morus alba fruits. The separation was achieved with the developer hexane‒ethyl acetate‒glacial acetic acid (4:6:0.1, V/V) on TLC aluminum plate pre-coated with silica gel 60 F254

The rapid and handy high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method has been widely adopted to qualitatively identify herbs or medicinal materials from Chinese patent medicine. Weikangling capsules, as one of the traditional Chinese patent medicines for treating chronic gastritis, consist of Paeoniae Radix Alba, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Bletillae Rhizoma, Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma

The species Sclerocarya birrea, also known as Marula, is present in Sub-Saharan Africa. In Burkina Faso, the leaves are sold as a traditional improved medicine with antidiabetic indication. The objective of this study was to develop a simple, rapid and robust high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method for the reliable quality control of S. birrea leaves in Burkina Faso and other West

Green analytical methods have gained a growing interest in the field of pharmaceutical research to reduce impacts on the environment and enhance analysts’ health safety. Chloramphenicol (CHL), dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DSP) and tetrahydrozoline HCl (THZ) form an ophthalmic ternary mixture that is co-formulated for conjunctivitis treatment. In the present work, for time saving and higher sensitivity

This review describes the application of thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) in the separation and identification of vitamins from their mixtures using different kinds of mobile phases such as isocratic and mixed solvents as well as mobile phases containing various modifiers. TLC has long been used for the separation and semiquantitative determination

Sugars, in particular glucose and fructose, are the main constituents of honey, comprising up to 85% of its total weight. A high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method to identify and quantify common sugars (glucose, fructose and sucrose) in honey has been developed and fully validated according to the International Conference on Harmonisation guidelines. It allows to determine a honey’s

Misuse and abuse of prescription drugs has become a global health problem in the last few years as the illicit drug cartels have grown exponentially. The non-medical use of prescribed medications, such as benzodiazepines, synthetic opioids, stimulants and tranquilizers, has increased rapidly due to their easy availability. Nowadays benzodiazepines are not only misused/abused, but also play a significant