Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. (Lamiaceae) is commonly used for the treatment of kidney diseases, but its role in intestinal barrier function remains unknown. The present study investigated the protective effects of O. stamineus extract (OE) against oxidative stress-induced injury to the small intestinal epithelium and the possible mechanism. High-performance liquid chromatography fingerprinting was

Two new spirostane glycosides, named polygokingiaside A (1) and polygokingiaside B (2), and 6 known spirostane glycosides, (25R)-26-O-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)-furost-5-en-3β,22α,26-triol 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-d-galactopyranoside (3), (25S)-26-O-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)-furost-5-en-3β,22α,26-triol 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-d-galactopyranoside (4), (25R)-26-O-(β-d-gluc

Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb.) DC is a traditional Vietnamese medicine to treat coughs, stomachache, toothache, blood stagnation, and sore throats. The essential oils (EOs) of the leaves, fruits, and stems of this plant were extracted by hydrodistillation and subjected to analysis by gas chromatography (GC)-flame ionization detector (FID) and GC-mass spectrometry (MS). The isolated EOs were then evaluated

A previously undescribed polyketide (1) and 3 known analogs (2-4) were obtained from cultures of the potato endophytic fungus Aspergillus carneus. The structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic data. The absolute configuration of 1 was further determined by electronic circular dichroism and optical rotation calculations. Compounds 1-4 showed moderate

A new neo-lignan, (7′S,8′R)-4′,5′,9′-trihydroxy-4,6-dimethoxy-5,8′-oxyneolign-7-en-9-al (1), along with 5 known compounds (2-6), were isolated from the fruits of Xanthium strumarium. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods. All the isolates were evaluated for in vitro cytotoxicities against the human cancer lines HepG2, A549, HCT-116, and SGC-7901. Compounds 1 and 3 showed

The efficacy of Truong Xuan Cao Bang (TXCB), a Vietnamese herbal medicine prescription, on the quality of semen, serum testosterone (TES), and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in rabbits whose reproductive ability were impaired by fluconazole was investigated. Mature male rabbits were randomly assigned into control (G1), fluconazole (G2), fluconazole and 180 mg/kg/day (G3), and 360 mg/kg/day TXCB

Objective The molecular mechanism of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (SMRR) in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) was analyzed based on network pharmacology. Methods Active components and potential targets of SMRR were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform. KOA targets were obtained from the OMIM, DisGeNET, DrugBank, PharmGKB

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system that can seriously threaten human health. Chinese matrine is known to have a wide range of antiviral and immunomodulatory effects. In this study, we evaluated the effect of matrine on ferroptosis using the HCT116 human colon cancer cell line. We evaluated cell viability and proliferation using the cell counting kit-8 assay

Periploca forrestii Schltr (P. forrestii) is a herb used in traditional Chinese medicine for its anti-rheumatoid arthritis effect. The aim of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetic properties of the 5 active components of this plant: neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid C, and periplocin between normal rats and adjuvant-induced arthritis model rats

Recently, saponins derived from marine sources have received much attention because of their promising bioactivities, such as anticancer, anti-angiogenesis, and anti-inflammation. In particular, a triterpene saponin from the sea cucumber Cercodemas anceps Selenka, cercodemasoide A (CAN1), showed potent cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines. Recent evidence has indicated that cancer stem cells

Proteoglycan (PG) is a type of glycoprotein which forms an extracellular matrix with collagen and hyaluronic acid to maintain articular cartilage, synovial membrane, and synovial fluid. This study aimed to evaluate the antiosteoarthritis effects of salmon nasal cartilage-derived PG in alleviating knee osteoarthritis in an osteoarthritis rat model. Knee osteoarthritis was induced in rats by intra-articular

Escin is a triterpenoid saponin extracted from the fruit of Aesculus wilsonii Rehd. and Aesculus hippocastanum (Hippocastanaceae). Clinically, it is widely used in the treatment of edema induced by either trauma or surgery, as well as treating chronic venous insufficiency. The anti-inflammatory and antiedema effects of escin have been extensively investigated. This article systematically reviews the

Cancer, one of the major causes of human morbidity and mortality, is a disease caused by the uncontrolled division of abnormal cells. Nature continues to produce a great wealth of natural molecules endowed with cytotoxic activity in the treatment of malignant diseases. Presently, natural products have played a pivotal role in cancer chemotherapy and chemoprevention for over half a century and provided

One new polyketide derivative, heptacyclosordarianone (1), together with 2 known compounds, heptacyclosordariolone (2) and sordariol (3), were isolated from an extract of Sordaria sp. AM-71, an endophytic fungus inhabiting Garcinia polyantha. The structures of these compounds were elucidated based on intensive nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry and by comparison

Detailed chemical constituents of essential oil from the Pterocephalus hookeri leaves and its antimicrobial activities were investigated in this study. The essential oil, obtained by hydrodistillation, was characterized by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses. Among the 90 identified compounds, hexadecanoic acid (21.27%), phytol (8.03%), furfural

Twenty-one novel luotonin derivatives were synthesized from 2-aminobenzamide in excellent yields. The prepared compounds, when tested against 8 strains of bacteria and many plant pathogen fungi showed diverse and promising antimicrobial activities. Notably, compounds a5, a9, b4, and b5 demonstrated good activities and might be potential lead compounds for further development as antifungal agents. The

The effect of Schisandra chinensis extract (SCE) on the learning and memory ability of mice with learning and memory disorders was investigated. After mice were given SCE prophylactically, different methods were used to establish mouse learning and memory disorders, and the radial maze test was used for the observation of SCE on the learning and memory ability of mice with learning and memory disorders

Mentha spp. are used in the food and pharmaceutical industry; the plants are characterized by natural interspecies hybridization. In this study, knowledge of the chemical composition of Mentha spp. was broadened by focusing on plants grown in a geographically small region of Estonia. The antibacterial activity of Mentha spp. essential oils and water extracts was evaluated. Polyphenolic water extracts

In the process of fighting against COVID-19 in China, Xingnaojing injection has been recommended for its clinical treatment, but the information about its active components and mechanism is still lacking. Therefore, in this work, using network pharmacology and molecular docking, we studied the active components of Xingnaojing injection having anti-COVID-19 properties. Using the DL parameter, TCMSP

Natural products have presented potentiality to improve the outcomes of cancer therapies. Impressic acid (E12-1) and acankoreanogein (E13-1), important activity compounds in Acanthopanax trifoliatus (L.) Merr., show widely biological activities. In this study, we isolated E12-1 and E13-1 from Acanthopanax trifoliatus (L.) Merr., and investigated their improvement effect in gemcitabine (GEM) treatment

Increasing data support that herbal medicines are beneficial in the treatment of cervical cancer; however, their mechanisms of action remain to be elucidated. In the current study, we used a systems pharmacology approach to explore the pharmacological mechanisms of FDY003, an anticancer herbal formula comprising Lonicera japonica Thunberg, Artemisia capillaris Thunberg, and Cordyceps militaris (Linn

Bacteria of the genus Streptomyces are used in multiple applications in the medical field owing to their ability to generate large quantities of secondary metabolites. Chromatographic purification of Streptomyces sp. MJM3055 led to the isolation of 1 new streptenol derivative, 1-O-acetylstreptenol A (2), along with (3E,8E)-1-hydroxydeca-3,8-dien-5-one (1), streptenol A (3), cyclo-(L-Ile-L-Pro) (4)

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is often accompanied by injury to pulmonary function and pulmonary fibrosis. Feiluoning (FLN) is a new Chinese medicine prescription which is available for the treatment of severe and critical convalescence of COVID-19 patients. FLN also has a positive effect on pulmonary function injury and

Renal ischemia reperfusion injury (RIRI) is one of the main causes of acute kidney injury. This study aimed to explore whether tubeimoside-1 (TBMS1) could protect against RIRI. RIRI mice model and hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced NRK-52E cells were used in this study. The renal pathology was observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining to calculate the tubular injury score. The levels of serum creatinine

The aerial parts of the tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) were collected around Kukteppa village, Ziddi, Varzob region of Tajikistan. The essential oil of tarragon was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Forty-five compounds representing 99.8% of total oil were identified. Sabinene (29.1%), estragole (24.6%), limonene (7.8%), (Z)-artemidin (4.9%), myrcene

Quercetin, a naturally occurring dietary flavonoid, is well known to ameliorate chronic diseases and aging processes in humans, and its antiviral properties have been investigated in numerous studies. In silico and in vitro studies demonstrated that quercetin can interfere with various stages of the coronavirus entry and replication cycle such as PLpro, 3CLpro, and NTPase/helicase. Due to its pleiotropic

Flavonoids are plant secondary metabolites that are well known for their health-promoting properties as nutraceuticals in diets. Bioavailability and biological activities of flavonoids vary among the individual subclasses with different patterns of substitution, inclusive of glycosylation, to their basic structures. Many flavonoids exist as glycosides in plants. This study investigated the possibility

The chemical composition of the different plant parts of green (Hibiscus cannabinus L. cv. Jangdae) and purple (H. cannabinus L. cv. Jeokbong) kenaf cultivars were investigated using high-performance liquid chromatography. Ten carotenoid and phenolic compounds were quantified in the different parts of green and purple kenaf. The accumulation of carotenoids and phenolic compounds in the different parts

Pepper is one of the most popular spices over the world and is called the King of Spices. Its essential oils (EOs) could alleviate neuronal ailments due to the inhibitory effect against acetylcholinesterase (AChE). In this study, the chemical compositions of 26 EOs prepared from white and black pepper collecting from 6 different cultivars were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)

P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibition conduces to improving the ability of chemicals to cross through blood-brain barrier (BBB). The hook-bearing branch of Uncaria is used as a traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of hypertension, headache, stroke, and Alzheimer’s disease in recent years. In this study, the inhibitory effects of 8 alkaloids sourced from Uncaria plants on P-gp were evaluated. Meanwhile

The aim of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of the fruits of Polygonum orientale L. (POE) against fibrosis in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury. Bioactive components of POE were identified using liquid chromatography (LC)-mass spectrometry (MS)/MS by comparison with standards. Treatment with either silymarin (200 mg/kg) or POE (0.5 and 1.0 g/kg) caused significant

Microbial transformation of denthyrsinin (1), gigantol (2), and batatasin III (3), the major constituents of Dendrobium species (Orchidaceae), was performed using the filamentous fungus Mucor hiemalis KCTC 26779. Three glycosylated metabolites were obtained in the biotransformation of 1-3, and their structures were identified as denthyrsinin-6-O-β-d-glucoside (4), gigantol-5-O-β-d-glucoside (5), and

The pericarp of Garcinia mangostana L. is a rich source of α-mangostin, which exhibits a wide range of pharmacological and biological activities. However, clinical use of this compound is limited due to its low water solubility. Therefore, its formulation with various delivery systems has been developed. In the present study, α-mangostin was isolated from G. mangostana pericarp extract and loaded onto

Cuny E. Stereoselective synthesis of Spiroacetal Domain Derivatives of the Plant Glycoside Ranuncoside and of Okadaic Acid and Dinophysistoxins-1 and 2 from Marine Algae. Nat Prod Commun. 2020;15(11):1–14. doi:10.1177/1934578X20971150

In this study, valuable polyhydroxynaphthoquinone (PHNQ) pigments were recovered from sea urchin food waste and were investigated as a potential bioactive ingredient for cosmeceuticals. The crude PHNQ pigment extract from 4 Vietnam sea urchins, Diadema setosum, Diadema savignyi, Stomopneustes variolaris, and Tripneustes gratilla, exhibited effective 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate scavenging

To evaluate the relationship between tree peony cultivars and the quality consistency of Cortex Moutan, a sensitive, reliable, and validated method based on high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry was developed for the quantitative analysis of paeonol and chemical fingerprinting of Cortex Moutan. Results from quantitative analysis showed that the content of

Two novel flavonoids (1, 2) and 3 known compounds (3-5) were isolated from the flowers and whole plant of Tagetes patula L., and their structures were elucidated by means of ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization, coupled to quadrupole-time-of-flight/mass spectrometry, 1H and 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), as well as 2-dimensional-NMR (heteronuclear single

Melanogenesis is a complex process that can lead to pigmentation defects. Various chemical skin-lightening products have been developed to treat pigmentation disorders. However, these chemical products can cause harmful adverse effects. Therefore, the development of safer, natural bleaching ingredients is a trend for sustainability. It has been reported that unsaturated fatty acids exhibit significant

Fraternale D, Bruno M, Rocchi L, Amicucci A, Ceccarini C, Ricci D. In vitro culture for ex situ conservation of “Roveja” and nutritional considerations on this Italian rare legume. Nat Prod Commun. 2018;13(9). doi:10.1177/1934578X1801300912

The in vitro anti-inflammatory and skin moisturizing activities of Pilea martini (Levl.) Hand.-Mazz. were investigated on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages and human immortalized keratinocytes. Chromatographic analysis was performed to identify the chemical composition of the extracts. Pilea martini extracts significantly suppressed LPS-induced nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2

Saffron, obtained from the stigmas of Crocus sativus L (Iridaceae), is the most expensive spice traded worldwide. In addition to its culinary uses, various medicinal properties have been confirmed for saffron, which has recently captured the interest of the phytotherapy industry. The quality of saffron is determined by the presence of 3 compounds, namely, crocin, picrocrocin, and safranal, with the

The solubility of icariin in acetone, acetoacetate, chloroform, and light petroleum in the 283.2‐318.2 K range was measured by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry. As the temperature increased, the solubility of icariin in the 4 solvents gradually increased. The solubility data correlated with the modified Apelblat equation. The dissolution enthalpy and entropy of icariin were determined using van’t

A facile and concise synthesis of β-carboline alkaloids, such as (–)-isocyclocapitelline and (+)-cyclocapitelline, has been achieved from commercially available geraniol through a unified strategy. The key steps involved in this synthesis are Sharpless epoxidation, intramolecular ring opening of epoxide, Pictet-Spengler reaction, and dehydrogenative aromatization using 10% palladium/carbon in xylene

Shu-Feng-Jie-Du Capsules (SFJDCs) have been clinically proven to have a good therapeutic effect on COVID-19 in China. This study aimed to analyze the common mechanisms of SFJDC in the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and COVID-19 via network pharmacology and molecular docking. We further explored the potential application value of SFJDC

In order to expand our drug delivery technique by glycosylation of chemical into brain delivery, it was demonstrated that oligosaccharide and monosaccharide modifications of curcumin enhanced its crossing ability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in mice. The brain sample prepared by glycosidase-catalyzed hydrolysis of brain tissue homogenates of mice, to which curcumin gluco-oligosaccharides were intraperitoneally

The present study was conducted to determine the effect of corynoline (COR) against sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in Wistar rats. Results of the study suggested that COR causes significant inhibition of lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) together with inhibition of oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and myeloperoxidase). The level of various proinflammatory

Spiroacetals constitute the central structural core element of numerous natural products and are mostly represented as bicyclic or tricyclic domains. Typical natural products with tricyclic spiroacetals are (+)-ranuncoside 1, a glycoside isolated from plants of the Ranuncalaceae family, and the algal toxins (+)-okadaic acid 2 and the (+)-dinophysistoxins-1 and 2 (3 and 4). These substances possess

Houttuynia drugs, including sodium houttuyfonate (SH) and sodium new houttuyfonate (SNH), are derivatives of the active ingredient of Houttuynia cordata, which can be used as both a vegetable and medicine in China. We aimed to explore the regulation effects of SH and SNH on the gut microbiota and production of inflammatory factors in mice. Here, we found that SH and SNH led to an increase in the production

Trehalose is a disaccharide consisting of 2 glucose units linked in an alpha 1,1-glycosidic bond. Pre-exercise trehalose ingestion enhances exercise performance within 30 minutes. Enhanced performance was hypothesized to be due to a mouth rinse effect. A 3-arm double-blind crossover trial was conducted to test this hypothesis. Ten healthy male collegiate distance runners rinsed their mouths with either

The genus Iris consists of approximately 360 species and is distributed to Eurasia, North Africa, and North America. Belamcanda chinensis was incorporated into the genus Iris by APG III as Iris domestica. Iris species have also been cultivated as ornamentals since ancient times. Many flavonoids are isolated and identified from the flowers, leaves, and rhizomes. So far as we know, 6 anthocyanidins,

Acute liver injury is a serious threat to human health. Complementary therapy including a traditional Chinese herb has been used for the prevention and treatment of liver injuries. Schisandrae sphenantherae fructus (Schisandra) is the mature dry fruit of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. et Wils. Wuzhi capsule, a preparation containing Schisandra and its main component anwulignan, is used to treat hepatitis

In order to expand the application of chitosan in cosmetics, it was modified with vitamin C to prepare a chitosan/vitamin C complex (CSVC complex), which was characterized using ultraviolet-visual, Fourier transform infrared, and differential scanning calorimetry techniques. Its hygroscopicity, moisture retention, antioxidant and antibacterial activities, and environmental stability were also determined

Owing to the side effects of current drugs for treating atopic dermatitis (AD), a chronic disease in the skin, traditional herbal medicine is receiving much attention as an alternative treatment. Asarum sieboldii has traditionally been used to treat colds, fevers, headaches, coughs, neuralgia, chronic bronchitis, asthma, and allergies. In this study, 6 compounds (echinacoside, vanillic acid, kakuol

Atherosclerosis is no longer a disease attributed mainly to high cholesterol content in the body; it has come to be regarded as a chronic inflammatory disease with an autoimmune component. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the prunin fraction (PF) isolated from the ethanolic extract of Bauhinia variegata against the release of various proinflammatory mediators in rats fed an

FDY2004 (Medicinal herbs: Rheum palmatum, Paeonia suffruticosa Andrews, and Prunus davidiana), an herbal drug composition with an antiproliferative effect, is prepared by boiling, which is the most common herbal extraction method in traditional Korean medicine. Several parameters are considered in the process, including herb-to-solvent ratio, extraction temperature and pressure, and total decoction

The medicinal aromatic plant Senecio filaginoides DC, which is very widespread in the Patagonia region, was harvested at the vegetative, flowering, and fructification stages. The materials were extracted by hydrodistillation, yielding in average 0.34% v/w of essential oils with a pleasant sweet and greenish scent. A total of 56 components were identified by gas chromatography using flame ionization

Diallyl disulfide (DADS) is a garlic-derived organo-sulfur compound. This study was carried out to investigate the protective potential, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects of this compound against cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. A single intraperitoneal dose of CP (200 mg/kg) resulted in a significant disturbance in hepatic function and oxidative stress, as well as inflammatory

A new phenylethanoid glycoside, named rosmacinalis (1), and 6x known compounds {2-phenylethyl O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1‴→6″)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), clinopodiolide C (3), rosmanol (4), 7α-methoxyrosmanol (5) 7β-methoxyrosmanol (6) and carnosol (7)} were isolated from the leaves of Rosmarinus officinalis. Their structures were determined by extensive analysis of high-resolution electron spray ionization

The bicyclic sesquiterpene β-caryophyllene (BCP) has diverse biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and analgesic effects. This study evaluates anxiolytic, toxicity, and antioxidant effects of BCP using in vitro and in vivo test models. The anxiolytic effects were tested in Swiss albino mice (Mus musculus) by applying the elevated plus-maze, rota-rod, light and