The need to find alternative sources of energy and environmental protection has resulted in the significant development of organic photovoltaics. The synthesis of organic compounds that will ensure the efficiency of the cells has become a key issue. In this work, we present an overview of materials based on donor-linker-acceptor structural motifs, and summarize the current state of research which can

Chiral allenes are important structural scaffolds found in many natural products and drugs, and in addition, they also serve as building blocks for many organic transformations. The conventional methods for preparing chiral allenes rely on the resolution of racemic allenes and the chirality transfer between non-racemic propargylic derivatives and nucleophilic reagents. In recent years, the synthesis

Organic symmetric disulfides have been broadly studied in various fields such as synthetic intermediates for various organic transformations, agro-chemicals, biochemistry, pharmacological chemistry, industrial polymers, peptidomimetics, self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), etc. Owing to versatile applications, the search and development of efficient, environmentally friendly, mild and inexpensive methods

Pyrrole derivatives are nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds and widely distributed in a large number of natural and non-natural compounds. These compounds possess a broad spectrum of biological activities such as anti-infammatory, antiviral, antitumor, antifungal, and antibacterial activities. Besides their biological activity, pyrrole derivatives have also been applied in various areas such

1,2,3-triazoles are popular heterocycles employed in material sciences and medicinal chemistry as they show antiviral, antibacterial, anti-HIV, antitubercular, and antifungal activities. Triazoles are appealing due to their stability and interesting click chemistry properties. The Cu(I) catalyzed reaction between azides and alkynes affords the 1,4- disubstituted derivative exclusively becoming a useful

Natural products have received much attention due to their importance and application. Indolizidine, categorized as an alkaloid, has several biological activities. The synthesis of natural compounds such as indolizidines has attracted much attention from many chemists’ and researchers’ perspectives. There are many areas to be explored in this subject; that is why synthesizing indolizidine 209I and

Amidoalkyl-2-naphthol is one of the vital synthetic intermediates which occupy an imperative position in medicinal chemistry due to its amazing biological, pharmacological as well as industrial and synthetic applications. Owing to its diverse pharmaceutical activities, hundreds of scientific literature are available, signifying the efficient synthesis of this intermediate using various catalysts. Most

Azetidin-2-ones (β-lactams) and its derivatives are an important group of heterocyclic compounds that exhibit a wide range of pharmacological properties such as antibacterial, anticancer, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and anticonvulsant. Efforts have been made over the years to develop novel congeners with superior biological activities and minimal potential for undesirable side effects. The present

Bis(indolyl)methane skeleton is the main building block of many naturally occurring bioactive compounds. Bis(indolyl)methanes are found to possess a wide range of pharmaceuitical efficacies. These important scaffolds are being used as anti-cancer, antioxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative agents. In this review, we summarized the latest developments on the synthesis of

The main goal of this review is to summarise the most recent progress in the electrochemical synthesis of copolymers from conjugated co-monomers. The main approaches to electrochemical copolymerisation are highlighted and various trends in the development of new copolymer materials and the intended directions of their applications are explored. The article includes a discussion of various Authors’

Molecular orbitals are critical in the rationalization of several chemical reactions. Thus, the frontier molecular orbital theory, proposed by Fukui's group, postulated the importance of the Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO) and the Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO) for chemical reactions. It should be kept in mind, however, that there are limitations of this theory and new perspectives

Privileged scaffolds are ubiquitous as effective templates in drug discovery regime. Natural and synthetically derived hybrid molecules are one such attractive scaffold for therapeutic agent development due to their dual or multiple modes of action, minimum or no side effects, favourable pharmacokinetics and other advantages. Coumarins and chalcone are two important classes of natural products affording

The phospha-Brook rearrangement of dialkyl 1-aryl-1-hydroxymethylphosphonates (HPs) to the corresponding benzyl phosphates (BPs) has been elaborated under solid-liquid phase transfer catalytic conditions. The best procedure involved the use of triethylbenzylammonium chloride as the catalyst and Cs2CO3 as the base in acetonitrile as the solvent at room temperature. The substrate dependence of the rearrangement

This review summarizes the synthesis, reactions, and biological activities of tetrazolo[1,5-a]quinoline derivatives. These derivatives were synthesized by several methods such as i) from the reaction of 2-chloroquinoline with sodium azide ii) from diazotization 2-hydrazinylquinoline derivatives, and iii) from intramolecular cyclocondensation of 2-azidoarylidenes. Also, the chemical reactions and pharmacological

Marine natural products (MNPs) containing pyrone rings have been isolated from numerous marine organisms, and also produced by marine fungi and bacteria, particularly, actinomycetes. They constitute a versatile structure unit of bioactive natural products that exhibit various biological activities such as antibiotic, antifungal, cytotoxic, neurotoxic, phytotoxic and anti-tyrosinase. The two structure

The catalytic activity of silver and its salts in various reactions leads to a vast variety of organic compounds having significant applications in organic synthesis. This review gives a comprehensive study on silver-catalyzed multi-component reactions that attracted the interest of the scientific world through ecofriendly, atom-economic and mild conditions. The silver-catalyzed multi-component synthesis

Macrocyclic compounds have attracted tremendous attention for their superior performance in supramolecular recognition, catalysis, and host-guest interaction. With these admirable properties, macrocyclic compounds were used as modifiers for enhancing the sensitivity and selectivity of electrodes and optical sensors. The classic macrocyclic compounds, including crown ethers, cyclodextrins, calixarenes

Phosphines are widely used ligands in transition metal-catalyzed reactions. Arylphosphines, such as triphenylphosphine, were among the first phosphines to show broad utility in catalysis. Beginning in the late 1990s, sterically demanding and electronrich trialkylphosphines began to receive attention as supporting ligands. These ligands were found to be particularly effective at promoting oxidative

A new tetra triazole functionalized calix[4]resorcinarene macrocycle (5) is synthesized and utilized for the detection of copper ions in the aqueous medium. The photophysical potential of compound (5) is examined by a range of cations (Ba2+, Ca2+, Co2+, Hg2+, K+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Na+, NH4 + and Pd2+). The triazole based calix[4]resorcinarene macrocycle (5) has interacted with Cu2+ ion in preference of other

In recent years, with the continuous depletion of traditional fossil energy, the research of new energy storage materials has become one of the important ways to solve the issue of energy depletion. Generally, in an energy storage system, lithium-ion battery (LIB) has been widely applied in electronic intelligent devices and electrical vehicles (EVs). In an energy conversion system, as the most promising

Flavonoids are one of the most common secondary metabolites occurring in plants. Their activity in the Central Nervous System (CNS) including sedative, anxiolytic, anti-convulsive, anti-depressant and neuro-protective actions is well known and documented. The most popular methods for detection, identification and structural elucidation of flavonoids are these based on Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)

During the past several decades, hypervalent iodine reagents have been widely used in various organic transformations. Specifically, these exclusive classes of reagents have been extensively used for the construction of carbon-carbon bonds. This review aims to cover all the reactions involving the construction of carbon-carbon bonds mediated by hypervalent iodine reagents, providing references and

In our present work, we emphasized on the potential of barbituric acid (1) derivatives as drugs like anti-bacterial, hypnotic, sedative, anti-microbial and antifungal agents. As naturally occurring, barbituric acid (1) is inactive but in the derivative form, it has a large number of medicinal uses and nowadays, it has a great demand in the pharmaceutical industry. Barbituric acid has a wide range of

Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-4-amine was prepared at room temperature in a catalyst- free medium with moderate yield and characterized by spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction techniques. Two possible mechanistic routes were suggested for its formation. Route 1 entails attack by the N of the amine on the imidate carbon followed by Dimroth rearrangement after cyclization. Route 2 is the nucleophilic attack

Bryophytes, phylogenetically placed between algae and pteridophytes, are divided into three classes, mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. The traditional system of medicine throughout the world has been utilizing this group of plants to treat various ailments. One of the outstanding features of these spore-forming plants is their chemistry, especially that of the liverworts. Liverworts and other bryophytes

This review is a compilation of the green synthetic methods used in the synthesis of coumarin derivatives. Coumarins are a class of compounds with a pronounced wide range of biological activities, which have found their application in medicine, pharmacology, cosmetics and food industry. Their biological activity and potential application are highly dependent on their structure. Therefore, many researchers

The substitution reaction of glycal (1,2-unsaturated cyclic carbohydrate derivative) at C1 by allyl rearrangement in the presence of a catalyst is called Ferrier type-I rearrangement. 2,3-Unsaturated glycosides are usually obtained from glycals through Ferrier type-I rearrangement, and their potential biological activities have gradually attracted widespread attention of researchers. This review summarizes

The present review provides an overview of visible light-mediated environment- friendly approaches over the past decade for the formation of carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom framework. This area has recently emerged as a versatile, environmentally benign and green platform for the development of a highly sustainable synthetic methodology. According to the recent advancements, visible light has come

As one of the most important building blocks in organic synthesis, isocyanides come in for a wide range of transformations owing mostly to their unusual terminal carbon center adsorbed electrophiles, reacted with nucleophiles, get involved in radical reactions and coordinated with metal centers. The distinctive feature of isocyanide is its ready willingness to participate in multicomponent reactions