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Mechanical Stapling Devices for Soft Tissue Repair: A Review of Commercially Available Linear, Linear Cutting, and Circular Staplers Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Vito Burgio, Janira Bei, Mariana Rodriguez Reinoso, Marco Civera, Oliver Grimaldo Ruiz, Cecilia Surace, Nicola M. Pugno
Stapling devices have emerged as a widespread and effective option for soft tissue surgery, offering promising outcomes for patients by reducing complication rates and surgery time. This review aims to provide an exhaustive analysis of commercially available alternatives in the market, incorporating insights from market analysis, patent landscape, and the existing literature. The main focus lies in
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Optical Coherence Tomography as a Biomarker in the Differential Diagnosis between Parkinson’s Disease and Atypical Parkinsonian Syndromes: A Narrative Review Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Stella Karatzetzou, Dimitrios Parisis, Serafeim Ioannidis, Theodora Afrantou, Panagiotis Ioannidis
Parkinsonism may be a clinical manifestation of a wide range of disease entities, and still poses a great diagnostic challenge. In an attempt to provide further insight into the differential diagnosis of PD versus progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), multiple system atrophy (MSA), corticobasal degeneration (CBD), and Lewy body dementia (LBD), several biomarkers have been investigated, yielding inconclusive
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Enhancing Sequence Movie Recommendation System Using Deep Learning and KMeans Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Sophort Siet, Sony Peng, Sadriddinov Ilkhomjon, Misun Kang, Doo-Soon Park
A flood of information has occurred, making it challenging for people to find and filter their favorite items. Recommendation systems (RSs) have emerged as a solution to this problem; however, traditional Appenrecommendation systems, including collaborative filtering, and content-based filtering, face significant challenges such as data scalability, data scarcity, and the cold-start problem, all of
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Trajectory Tracking Control of an Aerial Manipulator in the Presence of Disturbances and Model Uncertainties Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Mattia Pedrocco, Alberto Pasetto, Giulio Fanti, Alberto Benato, Silvio Cocuzza
The precise control of an aerial manipulator presents a formidable challenge due to the inherent mobility of its base, which is subject to both external disturbances and dynamic disturbances due to manipulator motions. In this paper, we introduce two Closed-Loop Inverse Kinematics (CLIK) control algorithms tailored to aerial manipulators. The first algorithm operates at the velocity level and uses
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On Green Hydrogen Generation Technologies: A Bibliometric Review Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-17 Pablo Fernández-Arias, Álvaro Antón-Sancho, Georgios Lampropoulos, Diego Vergara
Green hydrogen, produced by water electrolysis with renewable energy, plays a crucial role in the revolution towards energy sustainability, and it is considered a key source of clean energy and efficient storage. Its ability to address the intermittency of renewable sources and its potential to decarbonize sectors that are difficult to electrify make it a strategic component in climate change mitigation
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Surface Durability of 3D-Printed Polymer Gears Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-17 Robert Ciobanu, Ciprian Ion Rizescu, Dana Rizescu, Bogdan Gramescu
This paper proposes a series of experimental determinations carried out with the aim of generating new conclusions regarding the ability of 3D-printed gears to be integrated into mechanisms without lubrication. The main factors that influence the appearance of wear in non-lubricated contact are sliding speed, material hardness, surface finish, surface geometry, and material microstructure. The tests
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Analysis of the Influence of Antenna Arrangement Parameters on the Aerodynamic Performance of Telecommunication Towers Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Yaya Jia, Jiachen Huang, Qingkuan Liu, Zonghan Zhao, Menghui Dong
With the widespread adoption of 5G telecommunication networks, to reduce construction costs, it has become necessary to add new equipment or antennas to existing 4G and 3G telecommunication towers. This significantly changes the original aerodynamic shape of the towers, leading to a substantial increase in the wind load, which may exceed the original structure’s bearing capacity and pose a threat to
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A State-of-the-Art Review on the Study of the Diffusion Mechanism of Fissure Grouting Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Xueming Du, Zhihui Li, Hongyuan Fang, Bin Li, Xiaohua Zhao, Kejie Zhai, Binghan Xue, Shanyong Wang
China is renowned for its extensive underground engineering projects and the complex geological and hydrological conditions it faces. Grouting treatment technology is widely employed in deep-buried mines and tunnels, where grouting parameters such as materials, pressure, volume, and hole arrangement significantly impact the effectiveness of grouting. This review paper comprehensively examines current
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MLSL-Spell: Chinese Spelling Check Based on Multi-Label Annotation Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Liming Jiang, Xingfa Shen, Qingbiao Zhao, Jian Yao
Chinese spelling errors are commonplace in our daily lives, which might be caused by input methods, optical character recognition, or speech recognition. Due to Chinese characters’ phonetic and visual similarities, the Chinese spelling check (CSC) is a very challenging task. However, the existing CSC solutions cannot achieve good spelling check performance since they often fail to fully extract the
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Evolutionary Computation: Theories, Techniques, and Applications Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Vincent A. Cicirello
Evolutionary computation is now nearly 50 years old, originating with the seminal work of John Holland at the University of Michigan in 1975 which introduced the genetic algorithm [...]
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Automated Generation and Internal Force Visualization for Box Culvert Based on Building Information Modeling Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Dejiang Wang, Jiangming Huang
Box culverts, as a commonly employed structural form for culverts, play a critical role in traversing topographic barriers, ensuring the safety and smooth operation of transportation means such as roads and railways. However, traditional design methodologies are often time-consuming and prone to inaccuracies, failing to achieve the efficiency and precision required by modern engineering construction
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Application of Random Forest Algorithm in Estimating Dynamic Mechanical Behaviors of Reinforced Concrete Column Members Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Rou-Han Li, Mao-Yuan Li, Xiang-Yang Zhu, Xiang-Wei Zeng
In this paper, an innovative method is put forward for estimating the dynamic mechanical behaviors of reinforced concrete (RC) column members by applying the random forest algorithm. Firstly, the development of dynamic modified coefficient (DMC) predictive models and the realization of the proposed method were elaborated. Then, due to the lack of dynamic loading tests on RC column members, a numerical
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Automatically Expanding User-Management System for Massive Users in the Cloud Platform Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Shengyang Li, Zhen Wang, Wanfeng Zhang
Cloud computing has become one of the key technologies used for big data processing and analytics. User management on cloud platforms is a growing challenge as the number of users and the complexity of systems increase. In light of the user-management system provided by major cloud service providers, which cannot manage multiple types of user systems, this article proposed scale-out automated expansion
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Tayseer: A Novel AI-Powered Arabic Chatbot Framework for Technical and Vocational Student Helpdesk Services and Enhancing Student Interactions Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Abeer Alabbas, Khalid Alomar
The rise of conversational agents (CAs) like chatbots in education has increased the demand for advisory services. However, student–college admission interactions remain manual and burdensome for staff. Leveraging CAs could streamline the admission process, providing efficient advisory support. Moreover, limited research has explored the role of Arabic chatbots in education. This study introduces Tayseer
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Search for Optimal Parameters in the Control Structure of a Surgical System for Soft Tissue Operations Based on In Vitro Experiments on Cardiovascular Tissue Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Grzegorz Ilewicz, Edyta Ładyżyńska-Kozdraś
The surgical robots currently used in cardiac surgery are equipped with a remote center of motion (RCM) mechanism that enables the required spherical workspace. The dynamics model of the surgical robot’s RCM mechanism presented in this work includes a direct current (DC) motor, an optimal proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller, and a LuGre friction model that takes into account the Stribeck
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Mobile Robot for Security Applications in Remotely Operated Advanced Reactors Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Ujwal Sharma, Uma Shankar Medasetti, Taher Deemyad, Mustafa Mashal, Vaibhav Yadav
This review paper addresses the escalating operation and maintenance costs of nuclear power plants, primarily attributed to rising labor costs and intensified competition from renewable energy sources. The paper proposes a paradigm shift towards a technology-centric approach, leveraging mobile and automated robots for physical security, aiming to replace labor-intensive methods. Focusing on the human–robot
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Design of Additional Dissipative Structures for Seismic Retrofitting of Existing Buildings Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Alessandro Vittorio Bergami
This paper presents an innovative approach for improving the seismic protection of existing structures by introducing an additional dissipative structure (ADS). The seismic energy impacting the building can be dissipated through the contribution provided by the ADS, thereby reducing the need for the existing building to ensure its seismic capacity. This retrofitting technique is well-suited for structures
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Mechanics and Stability of Force Chain Arch in Excavated Granular Material Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Meimei Wang, Jianwei Zheng, Shanshan Xue
Rock and soil masses in geotechnical engineering projects, such as tunnels, mines and slopes, undergo relative motion, exhibiting mechanical characteristics of solid–fluid transition under critical conditions. This work analyzes the characteristics of the solid–fluid transition interface and the mode of load transfer through biaxial compression particle flow photoelastic experiments on granular materials
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A Comprehensive Study on the Antibacterial Activities of Carbon Quantum Dots Derived from Orange Juice against Escherichia coli Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Minh Hoa Nguyen, Anh Thi Le, Van Duong Pham, Hong Minh Pham, Hoang Tung Do, Duc Toan Le, Thi Bich Vu, Thanh Binh Nguyen
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are known for their intriguing optical properties, low toxicity, and high biocompatibility, which make them promising for biomedical applications. In this study, CQDs were synthesized by subjecting orange juice to microplasma as a carbon source at atmospheric pressure and low temperatures. The resulting CQDs exhibited a narrow size distribution, with an average diameter of
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Y-Rank: A Multi-Feature-Based Keyphrase Extraction Method for Short Text Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Qiang Liu, Yan Hui, Shangdong Liu, Yimu Ji
Keyphrase extraction is a critical task in text information retrieval, which traditionally employs both supervised and unsupervised approaches. Supervised methods generally rely on large corpora, which introduce the problems of availability, while unsupervised methods are independent of out-sources but also lead to defects like imperfect statistical features or low accuracy. Particularly in short-text
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Peak Acceleration Distribution on the Surface of Reef Islands under the Action of Vertical Ground Motion Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Liguo Jin, Liting Du, Zhenghua Zhou, Xin Bao
This paper adopts the fluid–structure coupling algorithm based on the acoustic fluid element, the fluid dynamic artificial boundary, and the consistent viscoelastic artificial boundary of solid media to establish a finite element model of the dynamic interaction of the reef-island–seawater system. Then, a numerical simulation of the seismic response of the reef-island site is carried out to study the
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Evolution Characteristics of the Strength and Dilation Parameters of Gas Hydrate-Bearing Sediments and a Modeling Study Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Jincai Yu, Cheng Cheng, Jintao Yang
Gas hydrate has gradually become a new potential energy resource. However, some engineering and environmental problems related to the mechanical properties of gas hydrate-bearing sediments (GHBS) during gas recovery may occur. Many studies have been carried out on the basic mechanical properties of GHBS samples based on laboratory tests, but their evolution characteristics and suitable models require
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Insights into the Chemistry and Functional Properties of Edible Mushrooms Cropped in the Northeastern Highlands of Puebla, Mexico Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Yesenia Pacheco-Hernández, Edmundo Lozoya-Gloria, Clemente Mosso-González, Jenaro Leocadio Varela-Caselis, Nemesio Villa-Ruano
Herein, we present an integrative investigation of the nutritional and nutraceutical potential of Lactarius indigo, Clitocybe nuda, Clitocybe subclavipes, Russula delica, Russula brevipes, Clitocybe squamulosa, and Amanita jacksonii, which are edible mushrooms consumed in the northeastern highlands of Puebla, Mexico. The content of protein oscillated from 4.8 to 10.9 g 100 g−1 fresh weight (FW) whereas
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Stable Heteroclinic Channel-Based Movement Primitives: Tuning Trajectories Using Saddle Parameters Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Natasha Rouse, Kathryn Daltorio
Dynamic systems which underlie controlled systems are expected to increase in complexity as robots, devices, and connected networks become more intelligent. While classical stable systems converge to a stable point (a sink), another type of stability is to consider a stable path rather than a single point. Such stable paths can be made of saddle points that draw in trajectories from certain regions
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High-Sensitivity Polarization Sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography Based on Numerical Correction for Perfect Circularly Polarized Light Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-17 Sifan Li, Lantian Hu, Jing Cao
Polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography (PSOCT) makes use of the birefringence information of the sample to compensate for the lack of internal tissue-specific contrast in conventional optical coherence tomography (OCT). Circularly polarized light is always used as an incident beam in PSOCT, but it is difficult to have perfect in practice. The manual calibration method of circularly polarized
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Dynamic Deflection Measurement on Stiff Bridges with High Piers by Preloaded Spring Method Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-17 Yelu Wang, Yongjun Zhou, Xin Jiang, Yu Zhao, Huantao Zhang
The deflection dynamic load allowance (DLA) of stiff bridges with high piers requires sub-millimeter accuracy. New technologies such as the vision-based optical method and GNSS are not yet recognized for use in DLA measurements due to their smaller SNR. Presently, the scaffolding method is widely utilized for dynamic deflection measurements in dynamic load tests owing to the reliability of employing
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Crack Detection of Concrete Based on Improved CenterNet Model Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-17 Huaiqiang Kang, Fengjun Zhou, Shen Gao, Qizhi Xu
Cracks on concrete surfaces are vital factors affecting construction safety. Accurate and efficient crack detection can prevent safety-related accidents. Using drones to photograph cracks on a concrete surface and detect them through computer vision technology has the advantages of accurate target recognition, simple practical operation, and low cost. To solve this problem, an improved CenterNet concrete
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Virtual Production: Real-Time Rendering Pipelines for Indie Studios and the Potential in Different Scenarios Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-17 Daniel Silva Jasaui, Ana Martí-Testón, Adolfo Muñoz, Flavio Moriniello, J. Ernesto Solanes, Luis Gracia
This work aims to identify and propose a functional pipeline for indie live-action films using Virtual Production with photorealistic real-time rendering game engines. The new production landscape is radically changing how movies and shows are made. Those were made in a linear pipeline, and now filmmakers can execute multiple tasks in a parallel mode using real-time renderers with high potential for
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Design and Numerical Study of Induction-Heating Graphitization Furnace Based on Graphene Coils Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-17 Rui Li, Yuanyuan Zhang, Xiaodong Chu, Lin Gan, Jia Li, Baohua Li, Hongda Du
Induction-heating graphitization furnaces are widely used to produce high-purity graphite products due to their high heating rate, high-limit temperatures, safety, cleanliness, and precise control. However, the existing induction-heating systems based on copper coils have limited energy efficiency. This paper proposes a new induction-heating graphitization furnace based on graphene coils. Due to the
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Potential Applications of Yeast Biomass Derived from Small-Scale Breweries Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-17 Marcin Łukaszewicz, Przemysław Leszczyński, Sławomir Jan Jabłoński, Joanna Kawa-Rygielska
Yeast biomass, a brewery by-product of the world’s substantial alcohol beverage industry, finds successful applications in the fodder industry and food additive production. This is attributed to its rich nutritional profile that comprises high protein and vitamin content. Nonetheless, in small-scale breweries, yeast slurries present a significant challenge, as the quantities obtained are insufficient
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Numerical Investigation of the R-Curve Effect in Delamination of Composite Materials Using Cohesive Elements Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-17 Antonio Raimondo
This paper presents a numerical investigation of the R-curve effect in delamination propagation in composite materials. The R-curve effect refers to the phenomenon whereby resistance to crack propagation increases with the advancement of the delamination, due to toughening mechanisms, such as fiber bridging. Numerical models often neglect this effect assuming a constant value of the fracture toughness
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Study on Water Inrush Characteristics of Hard Rock Tunnel Crossing Heterogeneous Faults Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-17 Guoxu Xin, Bo Wang, Haozhang Zheng, Linfeng Zeng, Xinxin Yang
Fault water inflow is one of the most severe disasters that can occur during the construction of hard and brittle rock tunnels. These tunnels traverse brittle fault breccia zones comprising two key components: a damage zone dominated by low-strain fractures and an internally nested high-strain zone known as the fault core. Structural heterogeneity influences the mechanical and hydraulic properties
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Experimental Investigation on the Effect of Water Cooling on a Dry Twin-Screw Air Compressor for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-17 Mingkun Liu, Chuang Wang, Yanpeng Li, Yuchen Li, Lixin Liu, Ziwen Xing
Due to the lack of oil injection cooling, it is usually necessary for dry twin-screw compressors to design cooling jackets to carry away the heat generated during operation. In order to investigate to what extent a cooling jacket can improve the performance of screw compressors, this study set up an experimental platform for a dry twin-screw compressor applied in fuel cell vehicles and used water as
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Trajectory Tracking Control of Remotely Operated Vehicles via a Fast-Sliding Mode Controller with a Fixed-Time Disturbance Observer Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-17 Huadong Zhou, Xiangyang Mu
Time-varying nonlinear external disturbances, as well as uncertainties in model and hydrodynamic parameters, make remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) trajectory tracking control complex and difficult. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a fast sliding mode controller with a fixed-time disturbance observer (FSMC-FDO), which consists of a sliding mode controller based on a fast reaching law and
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The Influence of Copper Oxide Particle Size on the Properties of Epoxy Resin Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-17 Patrycja Bazan, Michał Gajda, Przemysław Nosal, Agnieszka Bąk, Kinga Setlak, Michał Łach
This study examines the relationship between the size of copper particles and the properties of epoxy resin. Epoxy resin is a type of thermosetting resin commonly used as a matrix in polymer matrix composite materials reinforced with glass or carbon fibers. As part of this study, three microscale and two nanoscale composite samples modified with copper oxide particles of varying sizes were produced
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Phenolic Profiles and Antitumor Activity against Colorectal Cancer Cells of Seeds from Selected Ribes Taxa Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Svetlana Lyashenko, Rosalía López-Ruiz, Ana Minerva García-Cervantes, Ignacio Rodríguez-García, Svetlana Yunusova, José Luis Guil-Guerrero
Seeds from several Ribes taxa were surveyed for phenolic compounds and in vitro antiproliferative activity against HT-29 colorectal cancer cells. Total phenolic compounds were analyzed through the Folin–Ciocalteu procedure, while LC coupled to a single mass spectrometer (MS) Orbitrap using an electrospray interface (ESI) was performed to determine the phenolic profiles. Antitumor effects were established
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Game Theory-Based Interactive Control for Human–Machine Cooperative Driving Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Yangyang Zhou, Chao Huang, Peng Hang
To address the safety and efficient driving issues of human–machine shared control vehicles (HSCVs) in future complex traffic environments, this paper proposes a game theory-based interactive control method between HSCVs and surrounding autonomous vehicles (SVs) and involves considering different driving behaviors. In HSCV, a comprehensive driver model integrating steering control and speed control
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Characteristics and Release Risk of Phosphorus from Sediments in a Karst Canyon Reservoir, China Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Liu-Ying Yang, Shu-Lin Jiao, Lei Wang, Yin-Jiu Li, Mei Yang, Ye-Lin Feng, Juan Li, Zong-Xiao Wei
With the continuous improvement of surface water environmental quality in China, sediment has gradually become the focus of research on internal pollution in reservoirs. To investigate the forms, distribution, and migration patterns of phosphorus in karst canyon reservoir sediments, we employed an improved sequential graded extraction method to determine phosphorus content in the sediments of the Wanfeng
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BIZON–UGV for Airport Pavement Testing: Mechanics and Control Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Marcin Chodnicki, Mirosław Nowakowski, Paweł Pietruszewski, Mariusz Wesołowski, Sławomir Stępień
The paper presents a study of the performance and development of unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs), establishing mathematical and numerical models of the chassis system. The model analysis is performed by 3D software package SolidWorks 2018 with finite element discretization. The mesh modelling and analysis are focused on studying the strength and stiffness of the robotic platform chassis and the distribution
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Evaluation of Bruising Susceptibility and Response of Pears under Impact Loading through Finite Element Analysis Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Muhammad Hafizh, Asma Mecheter, Faris Tarlochan, Pankaj B. Pathare
Mechanical damage and bruising of fruit is a critical problem in the food industry. Minimizing brusing and damage can be achieved by designing energy-absorbing structures and packaging systems in order to ensure the long-term quality of fresh produce. The aim of this study is to investigate the response and bruise susceptibility of pears under impact loading conditions through finite element analysis
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Extending UWOC System Applications through Photon Transmission Dynamics Study in Harbor Waters Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Chang Chang, Xiaotian Han, Guangying Li, Peng Li, Wenchao Nie, Peixuan Liao, Cong Li, Wei Wang, Xiaoping Xie
Underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) in harbor waters can facilitate real-time monitoring underwater instruments for environmental monitoring, underwater inspection, and maintenance tasks. This study delves into the complex dynamics of UWOC in four distinct harbor waters. The research employs Monte Carlo method incorporated with Fournier–Forand scattering phase function for simulating photon
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Analysis of Chainsaw Emissions during Chestnut Wood Operations and Their Health Implications Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Paola D’Antonio, Francesco Toscano, Nicola Moretti, Nicolino De Iorio, Costanza Fiorentino
In Italy, the use of chainsaws for field operations such as Felling (FE), Delimbing (DE), and Bucking (BU) is widespread due to the topography, the medium–small size of farms, and the predominant presence of broad-leaved forests managed through coppicing. However, this has led to an increase in injuries and illnesses due to exposure to physical factors (e.g., noise, dust, and vibrations) and chemical
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Leveraging Large Language Models for Sensor Data Retrieval Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Alberto Berenguer, Adriana Morejón, David Tomás, Jose-Norberto Mazón
The growing significance of sensor data in the development of information technology services finds obstacles due to disparate data presentations and non-adherence to FAIR principles. This paper introduces a novel approach for sensor data gathering and retrieval. The proposal leverages large language models to convert sensor data into FAIR-compliant formats and to provide word embedding representations
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Dynamic Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Uncracked Hydrocarbon Fuel under Super-Critical Pressure in the Cooling Channel of a Regeneratively Cooled Scramjet Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Qing Xu, Guowei Lin, Haowei Li, Yaoxun Feng
Regeneratively cooled scramjets are successfully used as propulsion devices in hypersonic vehicles. During operation, scramjets experience acceleration. This special process causes a dynamic flow process, and heat transfer in the cooling channel commonly occurs, which may cause hazards and control difficulties for scramjets. A dynamic numerical model with a modified heat transfer coefficient calculation
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An Experimental Study and Numerical Simulation Analysis of Thermal Oxidation Characteristics Based on Kinetic Parameters in Heavy Oil Reservoirs Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Chang Fang, Chao Wang, Haoran Zheng, Peng Liu, Wen Guo, Yajing Chen, Houfeng He, Pengcheng Liu
In situ combustion (ISC), an efficient and economical method for enhancing heavy oil recovery in high-pressure, high-viscosity, and thermally challenged reservoirs, relies on the kinetics of crude oil oxidation. Despite an increased focus on kinetic models, there is a gap in understanding how oxidation kinetic parameters impact ISC effectiveness in heavy oil reservoirs. This study addresses this by
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Perceived Air Quality, Thermal Comfort and Health: A Survey of Social Housing Residents in Kazakhstan Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Mainur Kurmanbekova, Jiangtao Du, Stephen Sharples
Kazakhstan is in Central Asia and is the ninth-largest country in the world. Some socially vulnerable segments of the Kazakh population residing in subsidised social housing have experienced a range of problems due to the low quality of housing construction and its planning. Poor indoor environmental conditions in social housing contribute to occupants’ comfort, health, and general well-being. This
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Use of Total Least Squares Adjustment in Geodetic Applications Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Aleš Marjetič, Tomaž Ambrožič, Simona Savšek
This article discusses the method of computing the values of the unknowns under the condition of the minimum sum of the squares of the residuals of the observations, also known as the least squares method, with the additional condition of taking into account the errors in the unknowns. The problem has already been treated by many authors, especially in the field of regression analysis and the computation
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Performance Analysis of the Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm in a VLC System for Localization in Hospital Environments Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Diego Alonso Candia, Pablo Palacios Játiva, Cesar Azurdia Meza, Iván Sánchez, Muhammad Ijaz
Localization in hospitals can be valuable in improving different services in medical environments. In this sense, an accurate location system in this environment requires adequately enabling communication technology. However, widely adopted technologies such as Wireless Fidelity (WiFi), Bluetooth, and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) are considered poorly suited to enable hospital localization
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The Sequence Stratigraphy and Sedimentary Evolution of the Guantao Formation in the Binxian Uplift Area, Bohai Bay Basin, China Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Qing Li, Xuelian You, Yu He, Yuan Zhou, Renzhi Tang, Jiangshan Li
Due to the influence of multiple tectonic movements in rift basins, the sequence and sedimentary filling modes of continental petroleum reservoirs are complex, which makes it difficult to establish isochronous stratigraphic frameworks and thus affects the accuracy of subsequent predictions of effective sand bodies. Taking the Guantao Formation of the Binxian uplift and the surrounding areas as an example
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The Influence of Various Commonly Used Building Materials on the Shielding Effectiveness, Reflection and Absorption of the Electromagnetic Wave Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Marek Pavlík, Matej Bereš, Ľubomír Beňa
People spend two-thirds of their time in buildings. Building materials are, therefore, natural shielding for us. Many studies describe the shielding effect of non-building materials. This study evaluates the shielding effectiveness (SE) of electromagnetic fields for various building materials over a frequency range of 1 GHz to 9 GHz. Measurements of SE, reflection (R), and calculated absorption (A)
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Multiple DC Modulation Coordination Strategies Based on Transient Energy Function and Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient Algorithm Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Chao Xing, Mingqun Liu, Junzhen Peng, Xueke Wang, Yuhong Wang, Zongsheng Zheng, Shilin Gao, Jianquan Liao
Ultra-low-frequency oscillation (ULFO) is a new problem of frequency stability in asynchronous network back-end power networks. The negative damping provided by hydropower units is the direct cause of ultra-low-frequency oscillation, and DC modulation is an effective means of suppressing system frequency oscillation. Based on the transient energy function and the limitation of DC modulation, this paper
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Predicting Student Performance in Online Learning: A Multidimensional Time-Series Data Analysis Approach Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Zhaoyu Shou, Mingquan Xie, Jianwen Mo, Huibing Zhang
As an emerging teaching method, online learning is becoming increasingly popular among learners. However, one of the major drawbacks of this learning style is the lack of effective communication and feedback, which can lead to a higher risk of students failing or dropping out. In response to this challenge, this paper proposes a student performance prediction model based on multidimensional time-series
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Critically Leveraging Theory for Optimal Control of Quadrotor Unmanned Aircraft Systems Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Duc-Anh Pham, Seung-Hun Han
In the dynamic realm of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), and, more specifically, Quadrotor drones, this study heralds a ground-breaking integrated optimal control methodology that synergizes a distributed framework, predictive control, H-infinity control techniques, and the incorporation of a Kalman filter for enhanced noise reduction. This cutting-edge strategy is ingeniously formulated to bolster
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Investigating Semantic Differences in User-Generated Content by Cross-Domain Sentiment Analysis Means Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Traian-Radu Ploscă, Christian-Daniel Curiac, Daniel-Ioan Curiac
Sentiment analysis of domain-specific short messages (DSSMs) raises challenges due to their peculiar nature, which can often include field-specific terminology, jargon, and abbreviations. In this paper, we investigate the distinctive characteristics of user-generated content across multiple domains, with DSSMs serving as the central point. With cross-domain models on the rise, we examine the capability
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Distributed Generation Cluster Division Method Considering Frequency Regulation Response Speed Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Yan Xu, Peng Hu, Fengyang Zhang, Tao Zhou
With the large-scale integration of distributed generation (DG), it is difficult to realize distribution network planning and operation under specific requirements using the traditional cluster division method based on a single criterion. To reduce the complexity of frequency regulation control strategies, this paper proposes a cluster division method that synthesizes structural and functional indexes
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A Performance Prediction Method Utilizing Time-Dependent Subsystem Transfers between Family Systems Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Wei Cai, Zhuofang Li, Ming Zhu, Rui Guo, Jianwei Wang, Jingyi Zhao
Based on cluster system theory and the Markov process, a performance prediction method utilizing time-dependent subsystem transfers between family systems is proposed in this paper. The family system is divided via the mean clustering method, with the key performance parameters of subsystems utilized as identification parameters. According to the transition quantity of subsystems in the family systems
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Investigation of Disc Cutter Wear in Tunnel-Boring Machines (TBMs): Integration of Photogrammetry, Measurement with a Caliper, Weighing, and Macroscopic Visual Inspection Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Blaž Janc, Goran Vižintin, Andrej Pal
During the construction of tunnels using tunnel-boring machines (TBMs), the wear of disc cutters is an unavoidable process. The timely replacement of worn disc cutters can have a positive effect on construction time and therefore on costs. The wear of disc cutters can be assessed using various measurement methods. The aim of this article is to show different methods of measuring and evaluating the
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Effects of Fuel Cell Size and Dynamic Limitations on the Durability and Efficiency of Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicles under Driving Conditions Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Wen Sun, Meijing Li, Guoliang Su, Guoxiang Li, Hao Cheng, Ke Sun, Shuzhan Bai
In order to enhance the durability of fuel cell systems in fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles (FCHEVs), researchers have been dedicated to studying the degradation monitoring models of fuel cells under driving conditions. To predict the actual degradation factors and lifespan of fuel cell systems, a semi-empirical and semi-physical degradation model suitable for automotive was proposed and developed
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Estimation of Chemical Compounds in Selected Italian and French Wines Produced through Organic and Conventional Methods Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Alicja Ponder, Maciej Frąckowiak, Marcin Kruk, Ewelina Hallmann
In this study, Italian and French wines produced through organic and conventional methods were analyzed. Three different varieties of wines were examined, including Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, and Syrah. Individual compounds were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed to measure their levels of organic acids and polyphenols, such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, and anthocyanins, as well as their
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Left–Right Multimodal Morphometric Comparison of Human Submandibular Glands Appl. Sci. (IF 2.838) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Bojan V. Stimec, Dejan Ignjatovic
This communication study integrates composite multimodal research on postmortem human submandibular glands, based on macromorphometry. The normal ductographic sialograms were pairwise analyzed using linear morphometry, whole-gland planimetry and fractal properties, such as main duct length, caliber and tortuosities, side branches and accessory ducts/lobes. All the examined parameters presented a significant