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PYCR1, BANF1, and STARD8 Expression in Gastric Carcinoma: A Clinicopathologic, Prognostic, and Immunohistochemical Study. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-20 Ola A Harb,Mariem A Elfeky,Mohamed Ali Alabiad,Rehab Hemeda,Ahmed S Allam,Amr T El Hawary,Mohammed Elbaz,Ahmed L Sharaf,Loay M Gertallah,Ahmed Mesbah Abdelaziz,Amany Mohamed Shalaby,Mohammed Alorini,Amar Ibrahim Omer Yahia,Mohamed Negm
BACKGROUND It will be important to understand the molecular pathways of gastric cancer (GC) occurrence and progression, thus detecting predictive and prognostic biomarkers of GC. Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1 (PYCR1) was upregulated in many cancers, suggesting its possible roles in carcinogenesis and tumor metastases. Barrier-of-autointegration factor 1 (BANF1) is a protein family that plays
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Mast Cell Concentrations in Pancreatic Disease Processes. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-20 Lindsey Wynn,Victoria Hodges,Sheila Criswell
Mast cells enumeration has been performed using various histologic staining techniques with the goal of elucidating the influence mast cells exert on pathologic processes. In this study, 77 human pancreatic tissues evidencing morphologically normal pancreas, benign fibrotic changes, endocrine tumors, and adenocarcinoma were evaluated using Wright stain and immunohistochemistry markers for tryptase
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Immunodetection of NUT Protein: Implementation, Indications, and Results in a Tertiary Reference Center. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-16 Hussain Noorwali,Odile Casiraghi,Marion Classe,Julien Adam,Carine Ngo,Maria-Rosa Ghigna,Christina Kanaan,Pierre Khneisser,Mohamed-Amine Bani,Sophie Cotteret,Jean-Yves Scoazec
The immunodetection of NUT protein is a reliable tool to identify NUT carcinoma, a rare and still underdiagnosed tumor entity. The technique was implemented in 2017 in our department, a tertiary reference center with a large recruitment in all tumor types, including head and neck and thoracic tumors. We evaluated its use over a 6-year period (2017-2022) to (a) describe the indications for the technique
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Implementation of Digital Image Analysis in Assessment of Ki67 Index in Breast Cancer. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-06 Rachel K Vanderschelden,Jacob A Jerome,Daniel Gonzalez,Lindsey Seigh,Gloria J Carter,Beth Z Clark,Esther Elishaev,Jeffrey Louis Fine,Lakshmi Harinath,Mirka W Jones,Tatiana M Villatoro,Thing Rinda Soong,Jing Yu,Chengquan Zhao,Doug Hartman,Rohit Bhargava
The clinical utility of the proliferation marker Ki67 in breast cancer treatment and prognosis is an active area of research. Studies have suggested that differences in pre-analytic and analytic factors contribute to low analytical validity of the assay, with scoring methods accounting for a large proportion of this variability. Use of standard scoring methods is limited, in part due to the time intensive
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Prognostic Value of Differential Expression of Polymerase Eta Gene in Nonresponding Patients With Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-23 Aditi Sharma,Ashim Das,Amanjit Bal,Radhika Srinivasan,Pankaj Malhotra,Gaurav Prakash,Rajendar Kumar
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) represents the most common subtype of non-Hodgkins lymphoma. After the introduction of rituximab therapy like rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin vincristine, prednisolone, there has been considerable improvement in the 5-year overall survival in this group of patients, but the nonresponding patients are a challenge to the clinician. The translesion polymerases
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Depigmentation of Melanin-containing Tissues Using Hypochlorous Acid to Enhance Hematoxylin-eosin and Immunohistochemical Staining. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-19 Lu Wang,Gangping Wang
Pathologists diagnose diseases by observing the histologic and cellular morphology microscopically. However, the high pigmentation in melanin-containing tumors can hide the tumor cell structures, making diagnosing challenging. Previously, hydrogen peroxide and potassium permanganate were utilized for melanin bleaching with several limitations. For instance, hydrogen peroxide has a weak bleaching ability
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Comparison of Confirmed Cytology Smears and Cell Blocks for Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutation Testing in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-09 Chia-Hsing Liu,Shu-Jyuan Chang,Min-Jan Tsai,Sheau-Fang Yang
INTRODUCTION Various cytologic specimens have been used to diagnose epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, insufficient samples and lengthy DNA extraction procedures have led to inconsistent diagnostic results. To reduce manipulation losses and improve DNA extraction quality, we provide an improved procedure for DNA extraction from smear
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From Death to Life/Back to the Future: Detailed Premorbid Clinical and Family History Can Save Lives and Address the Final Diagnosis in Sudden Unexplained Deaths With Negative Autopsy. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-05 Burcu Turkgenc,Cetin L Baydar,Idris Deniz,Arzu Akcay,Mahmut Cerkez Ergoren,Sebnem Ozemrı Sag,Mustafa C Yakicier,Sehime G Temel
Sudden cardiac death is a sudden, unexpected death developed by one of the many different causes of cardiac arrest that occur within 1 hour of the onset of new symptoms. Sudden unexplained death (SUD) comprises a normal heart at postmortem examination and negative toxicological analysis. SUD often arises from cardiac genetic disease, particularly channelopathies. Channelopathies, or inherited arrhythmia
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GATA3 Expression in HPV-associated and HPV-independent Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinomas: Patterns of Expression and Prognostic Significance. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-02 Elmira Vaziri Fard,Somaye Y Zare,Oluwole Fadare
Substantial diminution or loss of GATA3 expression is reportedly frequent in human papillomavirus-independent (HPVI), p53-mediated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia. Herein, we study GATA3 expression in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) and assess its clinicopathologic significance. Eighty-six cases of VSCC diagnosed at a single institution were immunohistochemically assessed for their expression
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High TEAD4 Expression is Associated With Aggressive Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma, Regardless of YAP1 Expression. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-02 Min A Park,Yeong Heon Lee,Mi-Jin Gu
Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) and transcriptional coactivator TEA domain transcription factor 4 (TEAD4) are the main effectors of the Hippo signaling pathway. Deregulation of the Hippo signaling pathway significantly impacts tumorigenesis and tumor progression. We evaluated the mRNA expression level of YAP1 and TEAD4 using the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis database and investigated
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Prognostic Impact of FSTL3, ADAM12, and FAT4 in Patients of Colon Cancer: Clinicopathologic Study. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-26 Hanaa M Ibrahim,Aziza E Abdelrahman,Amira Elwan,Adel Bakry,Moamna M Fahmy,Mohamed I Abdelhamid,Abdelfatah H Abdelwanis,Enas M Fouad
There is a cellular crosstalk between Wnt/β-catenin and Hippo/Yes-related protein 1 signaling paths in colon cancer (CC) which promotes EMT processes that mediate the metastatic progression of CC. We aimed to evaluate follistatin-like 3 (FSTL3), ADAM12, and FAT4 expressions in CC. A statistical analysis was done to establish how disease-free survival, overall survival (OS), and relapse all performed
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HepPar1 and GATA-3 Expression in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: A Potential Trap for Pathologic Diagnosis. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-26 Lin Xu,Guohua Yu,Lei Jiang,Xiao Song,Guimei Qu,Jie Luo,Li Cai
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression and clinical significance of HepPar1 and GATA-3 in neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs). MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of HepPar1 and GATA-3 in 144 cases of NENs was detected using immunohistochemistry, and the relevant literature was reviewed. RESULTS HepPar1 was localized in the cytoplasm, and the positive rate of HepPar1 was 6.25% (9/144) in 144 NENs, 9
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Nonossifying Fibroma Involving Epiphysis of Long Bone-Case Report and Review of the Literature. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Serenella Serinelli,Brent A Enniss,Timothy A Damron,Harlan Stock,Gustavo L de la Roza
Nonossifying fibroma (NOF) is a common benign bone neoplasm and is usually observed in the first 2 decades of life. Most NOFs occur in the metaphysis of long bones of the lower extremities and migrate toward the diaphysis during skeletal maturation. Epiphyseal involvement by NOF has been rarely reported, with only one case found in the English literature. The authors report the second case of NOF involving
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The Role of Morphology in Predicting Fumarate Hydratase-deficient Uterine Leiomyomas in Young Women. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Aysel Bayram,Sidar Bagbudar,Hamdullah Sozen,Semen Onder,Ekrem Yavuz
Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma is caused by germline mutations in the fumarate hydratase (FH) gene and is associated with an increased incidence of leiomyomas and a potentially aggressive variant of renal cell carcinoma. Pathologic evaluation of uterine leiomyoma can provide an opportunity for early recognition of the syndrome. We reviewed all archived slides of the cases to identify
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Histopathologic Changes in Congenital Corneal Stromal Dystrophy: Report of 4 Cases in 2 Families. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-20 Ana M Colino Gallardo,Montserrat De la Torre Serrano,Lorenzo Alarcón García,Isabel Casado Fariñas,David De Pablo Velasco,Javier Martínez-Useros,Rodrigo Barderas,María J Fernández-Aceñero
Corneal dystrophies are hereditary diseases affecting the corneal tissue; they are bilateral, symmetrical and unrelated to environmental or systemic conditions. Congenital corneal stromal dystrophy is a very rare autosomal dominant dystrophy that is caused by a mutation in the DCN gene that encodes decorin (a proteoglycan of the extracellular matrix). We herein report 4 cases of congenital stromal
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Validation of the Xpert Breast Cancer STRAT 4 Assay on the GeneXpert instrument to Assess Hormone Receptor, Ki67, and HER2 Gene Expression Status in Breast Cancer Tissue Samples. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-14 Lina Sewanywa,Martin Hale,Pamela Michelow,Elizabeth Mayne,Tracey Wiggill
Breast cancer is the commonest cause of cancer-related mortality in African females where patients often present later and with advanced disease. Causes for delayed diagnosis include restricted diagnostic access and international controversy on interpretation of ancillary tests like immunohistochemistry (IHC). Fine needle aspirates (FNAC) are an attractive alternative although may have reduced sensitivity
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CRP Versus SAA for Identification of Inflammatory Hepatic Adenomas. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Gwyneth S T Soon,Saba Yasir,Dhanpat Jain,Sanjay Kakar,Tsung-Teh Wu,Matthew M Yeh,Michael S Torbenson,Zongming Eric Chen
Subtyping hepatic adenomas is important for patient management due to differing complication risks. Immunohistochemical staining with C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid-A (SAA) is widely accepted as a surrogate for molecular classification to identify inflammatory hepatocellular adenomas. Limited data, however, has been published on how these 2 stains compare for sensitivity. We conducted a
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Serum and Tissue Lipocalin-2 Expression in Chronic Kidney Disease Pruritic Patients. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Heba A S Bazid,Hanaa G Sakr,Rania A Abdallah,Eman S Arafat,Ahmed Ragheb,Iman Seleit
BACKGROUND Uremic pruritus is an irritating symptom for patients with end-stage kidney disease. Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) has relevant importance in several biological cellular processes and immunity. It is also a major player in the progression of many disorders, such as renal injury. AIM To evaluate LCN2 expression in chronic kidney disease (CKD) pruritic patients in serum together with immunohistochemical
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The Role of Additional Staining in the Assessment of the Peritoneal Regression Grading Score (PRGS) in Peritoneal Metastasis of Gastric Origin. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Wiebke Solass,Giorgi Nadiradze,Marc A Reymond,Hans Bösmüller
INTRODUCTION The Peritoneal Regression Grading Score (PRGS) is a 4-tied histologic regression grading score for determining the response of peritoneal metastasis to chemotherapy. Peritoneal biopsies in every abdominal quadrant are recommended. A positive therapy response is defined as a decreasing or stable mean PRGS between 2 therapy cycles. The added value of periodic acid satin (PAS) and Ber-EP4
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Expression of TLE1 in a Carcinoid Tumor of the Lung With Spindle Cell Morphology-A Potential Diagnostic Pitfall. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-06 Susanne K Jeffus,Nikhil Meena,Matthew Lindberg
Tumors of the lung with a spindle cell morphology require consideration of many entities in the differential diagnosis, including metastases. Ancillary immunohistochemical stains but also molecular studies are typically required to arrive at the proper diagnosis. We present a case of a 71-year-old woman with multiple lung nodules, mediastinal lymphadenopathy, and a history of uterine cancer who underwent
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Impact of Prolonged Ischemia on the Immunohistochemical Expression of Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1). Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-05 Angels Barberà,Juan González,Montserrat Martin,Jose L Mate,Albert Oriol,Fina Martínez-Soler,Tomas Santalucia,Pedro Luis Fernández
Antibodies targeting programmed death receptor 1 or programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) have become a standard of care to treat different cancers; for some of these tumors, there is a correlation between tissue expression of PD-L1 and response rates in patients. Although most of the analytical challenges in the evaluation of PD-L1 expression have been standardized, preanalytical issues have been less
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EpCAM, Ki67, and ESM1 Predict Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence After Liver Transplantation. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-04 Aiat Shaban Hemida,Doha Maher Taie,Moshira Mohamed Abd El-Wahed,Mohammed Ibrahim Shabaan,Mona Saeed Tantawy,Nermine Ahmed Ehsan
Liver transplantation (LT) is a good therapeutic decision, cures hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and promotes survival of cases with unrespectable HCC based on the Milan criteria. HCC still recur after LT. Identifying high risk tissue markers that predict recurrence becomes important for LT decision-making. Little is known regarding use of tissue expression of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM)
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Hypoxia-inducible Factor-1α and mTOR as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Endometriosis: An Immunohistochemical Study. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-30 Dalia M Badary,Hisham A Abou-Taleb,Maha Ibrahim
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIM We aim to study the immunohistochemical expression of both hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in endometriosis to provide new evidence for a targeted endometriosis therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study comprised 106 endometriotic cases diagnosed clinically and histopathologically. The immunohistochemical method was done to determine
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The Peritumoral CD8 + /FOXP3 + Cell Ratio Has Prognostic Value in Triple-negative Breast Cancer. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-25 Rana Aldrees,Gene P Siegal,Shi Wei
Compelling data has demonstrated the prognostic significance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a subtype generally associated with a poor clinical outcome but highly heterogeneous in nature. There have been limited studies investigating the importance of subsets of T cells in TILs. Further, the significance of intratumoral versus peritumoral TILs remains
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Renal Glomerular Expression of WT-1, TGF-β, VEGF, and ET-1 Immunostains in Murine Models of Focal and Segmental Glomerulosclerosis. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-03 Sufia Husain
Primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a type of chronic renal disease that commonly progresses to renal failure as the treatments are not particularly effective. Glomerular podocyte injury and loss are pivotal to the pathogenesis of FSGS. This study aims to explore the glomerular immunohistochemistry stain expression of Wilms tumor-1 (WT-1) (podocyte-specific protein), transforming growth
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Toward a Total Dataization of Anatomic Pathology: Are You Ready? Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-27 Pierre-Olivier Fiset,Gilbert Bigras
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p53 as Exemplar Next-Generation Immunohistochemical Marker: A Molecularly Informed, Pattern-Based Approach, Methodological Considerations, and Pan-Cancer Diagnostic Applications. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-21 Andrew M Bellizzi
This review is based on a webinar I presented for the International Society for Immunohistochemistry and Molecular Morphology (ISIMM) in February 2022. It is intended that all ISIMM webinars will ultimately be published in AIMM as review articles. This work is also dedicated to Clive Taylor, who has deeply impacted my career. It presents a molecularly informed, pattern-based approach to p53 immunohistochemistry
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Immunohistochemical Surrogates for Molecular Stratification in Medulloblastoma. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-21 Dheeraj Chinnam,Aastha Saraswati,Swathi Jogunoori,Aanchal Verma,Tanvi Kiran,Pravin Salunke,Nalini Gupta,Narendra Kumar,Renu Madan,Bishan Dass Radotra,Kirti Gupta
BACKGROUND The WHO classification of central nervous system neoplasms (2016) recognized 4 histologic variants and genetically defined molecular subgroups within medulloblastoma (MB). Further, in the 2021 classification, new subtypes have been provisionally added within the existing subgroups reflecting the biological diversity. YAP1, GAB1, and β-catenin were conventionally accepted as surrogate markers
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Vascular Expression of Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) in MiTF Family Translocation Renal Cell Carcinoma and Related Neoplasms. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-20 Ezra G Baraban,Yasser Ged,Nirmish Singla,Mohammad E Allaf,Michael A Gorin,Mark C Markowski,Steven P Rowe,Pedram Argani
Multiple studies have demonstrated prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expression in the neo-vasculature of non-prostate tumors including clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). However, PSMA expression in rare renal tumors including MiTF family translocation renal cell carcinoma has not been previously characterized. We examined PSMA expression by immunohistochemistry in a series of MiTF family
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HER2 Equivocal (Score = 2+) Breast Carcinoma Cases Identified by Immunohistochemistry at a South African Hospital. What is the Impact of Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization Testing? Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-06 Reena Dhansukh Mohanlal,Nikki Bouwer,Pascale Willem
The American Society of Clinical Oncology and the College of American Pathologists (ASCO/CAP) guidelines are used for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) reporting in breast carcinoma. Cases that demonstrate weak to moderate complete membrane immunohistochemical staining in >10% of the tumor are scored as 2+ (equivocal). This study aimed to determine what proportion of HER2 immunohistochemistry
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Expression and Significance of MTA2 and CPNE1 in Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-03 Lixin Wang,Gang Chen,Chen Zhou,Chao Wu,Jingui Jiang
The aim of this study was to investigate the expression and clinical significance of MTA2 and CPNE1 proteins in cervical squamous cell carcinoma. In this study, high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) typing was performed on cervical cancer tissues. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunochemical EliVision method were used to examine the expressions of MTA2 and CPNE1 in the cervix,
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Comparison of PD-L1 IHC 22C3 PharmDx Combined Positive Score (CPS) in Primary Versus Metastatic Nodal Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Head and Neck: Is There a Significant Difference? Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-27 Ahmet Surucu,Tieying Hou,Matthew Kuhar,Greg Durm,Hector Mesa
PD-L1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx is an FDA-approved companion test to select patients for anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy. In head and neck squamous cell carcinoma PD-L1 expression is determined using a Combined Positive Score (CPS), which evaluates expression in tumor cells and tumor-associated leukocytes. We hypothesized that in nodal metastasis, the CPS should be higher given their inherent higher proportion of
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Heterogeneity of the Tumor Microenvironment Across Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-26 Dharambir Kashyap,Amanjit Bal,Santosh Irinike,Siddhant Khare,Shalmoli Bhattacharya,Ashim Das,Gurpreet Singh
Breast cancer is a heterogenous disease at the molecular level thus, it can be hypothesized that different molecular subtypes differ in their tumor microenvironment (TME) also. Understanding the TME heterogeneity may provide new prognostic biomarkers and new targets for cancer therapy. For deciphering heterogeneity in the TME, immunohistochemistry for immune markers (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD68, CD163, and
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Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis of Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients With K-RAS Gene Mutation. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-20 Di Sun,Ying Liu,Peng Li,Ping Yang,GuoHua Yu
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between K-RAS gene mutation and clinicopathological features and prognostic factors in lung adenocarcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 795 patients with lung adenocarcinoma diagnosed and tested for ten genes from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2019, were reviewed. One hundred forty patients with K-RAS gene mutation lung adenocarcinoma were screened
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The Prognostic Value of TTF-1/NKX2-1 in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-13 Yida Liao,Fan Yang,Xiao Li,Kezhong Chen,Jun Wang
BACKGROUND TTF-1/NKX2-1 is a lineage-specific transcription factor that is expressed in the thyroid gland, lung, and forehead. It functions as a key component in regulating lung morphogenesis and differentiation. It is mainly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma, while its prognostic value in non-small-cell lung cancer remains controversial. This study evaluates the prognostic value of TTF-1 in different
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PD-L1 Expression in Colorectal Carcinoma: A Comparison of 3 Scoring Methods in a Cohort of Jordanian Patients. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-07 Heyam A Awad,Maher A Sughayer,Jumana M Obeid,Yaqoot N Heilat,Ahmad S Alhesa,Reda M Yousef,Nabil M Hasasna,Shafiq A Masoud,Tareq Saleh
Anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) treatments can improve colorectal carcinoma (CRC) survival; however, there is still controversy regarding the relationship between PD-L1 expression and the outcome of immunotherapeutic treatment and survival. The discrepancies are partly caused by the lack of a unified scoring system. This retrospective, cross-sectional study evaluated PD-L1 by immunohistochemistry
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Prognostic Implications of CD24, SOX2, and Nanog Expression in Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-07 Abeer M Abdelbary,Hanaa A Atwa,Ola M Elfarargy,Ebtisam R Qasem,Noha F Elaidy
BACKGROUND Urinary bladder cancer (BC) is the seventh most common cancer worldwide with the highest incidence rates in Western Europe, North America, and Australia. The most common type of BC is urothelial carcinoma (UC), which represents a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate the prognostic value of CD24, SOX2, and Nanog in UC cases and the correlation
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Practice of IDH1, ATRX, and P53 Immunohistochemistry in Integrated Diagnosis of Adult Diffuse Gliomas: Single Center Study. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-06 Zohreh Shabanzadeh Nejabad,Hoda Mabroukzadeh Kavari,Hana Saffar,Seyed Mohammad Tavangar,Salma Sefidbakht,Alireza Khoshnevisan,Ali Zare-Mirzaie,Mohammad Vasei,Ensieh Jafari,Marjan Yaghmaii,Hiva Saffar
Diffuse gliomas exhibit different molecular and genetic profiles with a wide range of heterogeneity and prognosis. Recently, molecular parameters including ATRX, P53, and IDH mutation status or absence or presence of 1p/19q co-deletion have become a crucial part of the diagnosis of diffuse glioma. In the present study, we tried to analyze the routine practice of the above-mentioned molecular markers
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Clinicopathologic Features and Immune Cell Subtypes Analysis of Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes Rich Invasive Breast Carcinoma of No Special Type. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-06-05 Yan Zhao,Ting Huang,Xin Jin,Xiao-Meng Gong,Yuan-Zhi Lu
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) rich invasive breast carcinoma no special type (IBC-NST) is an updated name introduced in the fifth edition WHO classification of breast tumors. Typical medullary breast carcinoma (MBC) represents one end of the spectrum of TILs-rich IBC-NST rather than a distinct morphologic subtype in the new category. A total of 42 cases of MBC and 180 cases of high-grade triple-negative
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Amalgamation of Toll-Like Receptor and Hypoxic Signaling in Etiology of Preeclampsia. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-05-24 Ruby Aggarwal,Arun Kumar Jain,Vandana Mehta,Gayatri Rath
Inflammation and oxidative stress are involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the expression of Toll-like receptor (TLR) (TLR-4, HMGB1, NFκB, IκBα) and hypoxic (HIF-1α, HIF-1β, PHD, pVHL) pathway proteins in the placenta of preeclamptic pregnant women after 28 weeks of gestational period. A possible association between these 2 pathways was also
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Assessing Oral Epithelial Dysplasia Risk for Transformation to Cancer: Comparison Between Histologic Grading Systems Versus S100A7 Immunohistochemical Signature-based Grading. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-05-23 Mark Roger Darling,Jason T K Hwang,Benjamin J Dickson,Jean-Claude Cutz,Samih Salama,Christina McCord,Kenneth P H Pritzker,David Mock,Lester D R Thompson
While a 3-tier oral epithelial dysplasia grading system has been utilized for decades, it is widely recognized as a suboptimal risk indicator for transformation to cancer. A 2-tier grading system has been proposed, although not yet validated. In this study, the 3-tier and 2-tier dysplasia grading systems, and an S100A7 immunohistochemical signature-based grading system were compared to assess prediction
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Correlation of PKM2 Expression With HER2/neu and Additional Breast Cancer Biomarkers and its Prognostic Significance. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-05-18 Mohammad A Al-Qudah,Maha S Al-Keilani,Marya Obeidat,Husam K Haddad,Roba Bdeir,Lina M Samman
BACKGROUND Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) has a central role in both tumor development and metastasis, and it has increasingly become a valuable subject for many cancer studies due to its important prognostic value in various tumor types. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the impact of PKM2 expression level on breast cancer prognosis and survival rates and its association with various clinicopathologic
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Keratin 5 in Lung Cancer Specimens: Comparison of Four Antibody Clones and KRT5 mRNA-ISH. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-05-12 Christian Thomsen,Laura Blok-Husum,Jeanette Bæhr Georgsen,Torben Steiniche,Mogens Vyberg
Recent improvements in the medical treatment of non-small cell lung carcinoma have made the histopathological distinction between adenocarcinomas (ACs) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) increasingly important. One immunohistochemical marker of squamous differentiation is Keratin 5 (K5). Several K5 antibody clones are commercially available, and data from external quality assessment (NordiQC) have
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Association of Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Status With p53, RB1, and PD-L1 Expression and Patient Prognosis in Merkel Cell Carcinomas: Clinical, Morphologic, and Immunohistochemical Evaluation of 17 Cases Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-05-01 Betül Öğüt, Elif Kolay Bayram, Mehmet Arda İnan, Selin Kestel, Özlem Erdem
Background: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive, primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin whose main risk factors are immunosuppression, UV radiation exposure, and Merkel cell polyomavirus. Programmed death-1/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1)-based immunotherapy is currently the first choice for treating patients with metastatic MCC. Methods: MCC biopsies (17) were evaluated for
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Association of Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Status With p53, RB1, and PD-L1 Expression and Patient Prognosis in Merkel Cell Carcinomas: Clinical, Morphologic, and Immunohistochemical Evaluation of 17 Cases. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-05-01 Betül Öğüt,Elif Kolay Bayram,Mehmet Arda İnan,Selin Kestel,Özlem Erdem
BACKGROUND Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive, primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin whose main risk factors are immunosuppression, UV radiation exposure, and Merkel cell polyomavirus. Programmed death-1/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1)-based immunotherapy is currently the first choice for treating patients with metastatic MCC. METHODS MCC biopsies (17) were evaluated for their
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Assessment of the Impact of Alternative Fixatives on HER2 Detection in Breast Cancer and Gastric Cancer Tumor Specimens Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-04-24 Wenqin Feng, Ryotaku Inoue, Takeshi Kuwata, Naoki Niikura, Satoshi Fujii, Nobue Kumaki, Kokichi Honda, Li-An Xu, Aaron Goetz, Patricia Gaule, John Cogswell, David L. Rimm, Robert McGee
The type of fixative used for preserving tumor specimens can significantly impact the performance of the immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization assays used for assessing human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status. This study reports the prevalence of the use of alternative fixatives other than the guideline-recommended 10% neutral buffered formalin (NBF) during HER2 testing in a
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Assessment of the Impact of Alternative Fixatives on HER2 Detection in Breast Cancer and Gastric Cancer Tumor Specimens. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-04-24 Wenqin Feng,Ryotaku Inoue,Takeshi Kuwata,Naoki Niikura,Satoshi Fujii,Nobue Kumaki,Kokichi Honda,Li-An Xu,Aaron Goetz,Patricia Gaule,John Cogswell,David L Rimm,Robert McGee
The type of fixative used for preserving tumor specimens can significantly impact the performance of the immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization assays used for assessing human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status. This study reports the prevalence of the use of alternative fixatives other than the guideline-recommended 10% neutral buffered formalin (NBF) during HER2 testing in a
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An Immunohistochemical Study of Breast Cancer Brain Metastases: The Role of CD44 and AKT in the Prognosis Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-04-21 João Martins Gama, Rui Caetano Oliveira, Paulo Teixeira, Fátima Silva, Carlos Abrantes, Paulo Figueiredo, Sandra Simões, Olinda Rebelo, Maria Augusta Cipriano
Breast cancer is a major health burden, and up to one-third of patients with breast cancer develop brain metastases, which are linked to a very poor prognosis. Few biomarkers are available to predict the prognosis of patients with metastases. Assessment by immunohistochemistry may be used as a tool to predict the behavior of these tumors. A retrospective transversal study including 114 patients (diagnosed
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Overexpression of Podoplanin Predicts Poor Prognosis in Patients With Glioma Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-04-21 Jie He, Guangtao Zhang, Qing Yuan, Songquan Wang, Zhidan Liu, Mingrong Wang, Hongqing Cai, Jinghai Wan, Bing Zhao
High podoplanin (PDPN) expression correlates with poor prognosis in various cancers. However, the expression and clinical value of PDPN in glioma are unclear. In this study, PDPN expression was compared in 227 glioma tissues and 22 paired non-neoplastic tissues, and its association with prognostic factors was statistically analyzed. The effect of PDPN knockdown on the proliferation ability of glioma
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Overexpression of Podoplanin Predicts Poor Prognosis in Patients With Glioma. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-04-21 Jie He,Guangtao Zhang,Qing Yuan,Songquan Wang,Zhidan Liu,Mingrong Wang,Hongqing Cai,Jinghai Wan,Bing Zhao
High podoplanin (PDPN) expression correlates with poor prognosis in various cancers. However, the expression and clinical value of PDPN in glioma are unclear. In this study, PDPN expression was compared in 227 glioma tissues and 22 paired non-neoplastic tissues, and its association with prognostic factors was statistically analyzed. The effect of PDPN knockdown on the proliferation ability of glioma
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An Immunohistochemical Study of Breast Cancer Brain Metastases: The Role of CD44 and AKT in the Prognosis. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-04-21 João Martins Gama,Rui Caetano Oliveira,Paulo Teixeira,Fátima Silva,Carlos Abrantes,Paulo Figueiredo,Sandra Simões,Olinda Rebelo,Maria Augusta Cipriano
Breast cancer is a major health burden, and up to one-third of patients with breast cancer develop brain metastases, which are linked to a very poor prognosis. Few biomarkers are available to predict the prognosis of patients with metastases. Assessment by immunohistochemistry may be used as a tool to predict the behavior of these tumors. A retrospective transversal study including 114 patients (diagnosed
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Molecular Pathology of Micropapillary Carcinomas: Is Characteristic Morphology Related to Molecular Mechanisms? Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-04-11 Zeynep Sagnak Yilmaz, Sulen Sarioglu
Micropapillary carcinoma is an entity defined histologically in many organs. It is associated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis. The main mechanism for its histopathologic appearance is reverse polarization. Although the studies on this subject are limited, carcinomas with micropapillary morphology observed in different organs are examined by immunohistochemical and molecular methods. Differences
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Expression of Human Papillomavirus and the p16 Gene in Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMD): a Comparative Study With Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-04-11 Asinsala K. Baddevithana, Ruwan D. Jayasinghe, Wanninayake M. Tilakaratne, Rasika P. Illeperuma, Bogahawatte S.M.S. Siriwardena
Background: The incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) of the tongue is increasing in the younger population without traditional risk habits that lead researchers to find other related factors such as diet and viruses, especially human papillomavirus (HPV). It is noteworthy that many OSCCs develop from oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). Correct diagnosis and timely management
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Characterization of Switch/Sucrose Nonfermenting Complex Proteins and Nestin Expression in a Cohort of Pediatric Central Nervous System Tumors Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-04-10 Xiu Qing Wang, Basile Tessier-Cloutier, Jessica Saunders, Melissa Harvey, Linlea Armstrong, Tony Ng, Christopher Dunham, Jonathan W. Bush
Tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) in pediatric patients have undergone significant diagnostic refinement through the use of immunohistochemistry (IHC) and molecular techniques. The utility of these novel IHC antibodies has been demonstrated with the inactivation of the switch/sucrose nonfermenting (SWI/SNF) chromatin-remodeling complex in the diagnosis of atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors
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PD-L1 and MHC Class I Expression in High-grade Ovarian Cancers, Including Platinum-resistant Recurrences Treated With Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-04-01 Laurie Griesinger, Akua Nyarko-Odoom, Santos Acosta Martinez, Nancy W. Shen, Kari L. Ring, Elizabeth M. Gaughan, Anne M. Mills
Immune-modulating therapies targeting the programmed cell death-1/programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) immunosuppressive system have been used successfully in many solid tumor types. There is evidence that biomarkers such as PD-L1 and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I help identify candidates for anti-programmed cell death-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibition, though the evidence is limited
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Expression of Cav-1, MCT1, and MCT4 in Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast and Their Associations With Clinicopathologic Features Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-04-01 Nah Ihm Kim, Min Ho Park, Ji Shin Lee
Loss of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) and upregulation of monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs, especially MCT1 and MCT4) in respectively tumor-associated stromal cells and malignant epithelial cells of invasive carcinoma have been found to play an important role in the metabolic coupling. However, this phenomenon has only been scarcely described in pure ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast. mRNA and protein
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The Pan-TRK Antibody is a Sensitive and Specific Tool for the Detection of NTRK Fusion Genes Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-04-01 Claudia Bautista-Wong, Zaira Mojica-González, Katia Hop-Garcia, Leticia Bornstein Quevedo
Pan-TRK antibodies have been used to detect gene fusions in diverse types of tumors. Several tyrosine receptor kinases (TRK) inhibitors have recently been developed and have shown good response rates in neoplasms with NTRK; therefore, identifying these fusions is an essential tool in assessing treatment options for certain oncological diseases. Various algorithms have been designed to diagnose and
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Study of the Utility of Myeloid Cell Nuclear Differentiation Antigen (MNDA) in the Diagnosis of Marginal Zone Lymphoma Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-04-01 Neha Gupta, Sudarhana Roychoudry, Kristin L. Sticco, Peihong Hsu, Xinmin Zhang, Silvat Sheikh-Fayyaz
Myeloid cell nuclear differentiation antigen (MNDA) is normally expressed on myelomonocytic cells and a subset of B lymphocytes. It was found to be differentially expressed between nodal marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) and follicular lymphoma (FL). However, MNDA has not been widely used as a diagnostic marker in clinical practice. To validate its utility, we studied the expression of MNDA by immunohistochemistry
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Spatial Distribution of Macrophage Subtypes Among Rejection Subtypes in Renal Transplant Biopsies by Dual Immunohistochemistry Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-04-01 Ozge Hurdogan, Fatmanur Karakus, Ahmet Burak Dirim, Bagdagul Aksu, Seha Saygili, Aydin Turkmen, Alev Yilmaz, Nur Canpolat, Seyhun Solakoglu, Isin Kilicaslan, Yasemin Ozluk
We performed dual immunohistochemistry for CD163/CD34 and CD68/CD34 in 108 renal transplant indication biopsies to investigate the presence and distribution of macrophages in various renal compartments. All Banff scores and diagnoses were revised according to the Banff 2019 classification. CD163 and CD68 positive cell counts (CD163pos and CD68pos) were evaluated in the interstitium, glomerular mesangium
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Effect of Surface Decalcification With Hydrochloric Acid on the Determination of Estrogen Receptor, Progesterone Receptor, Ki67, and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Expressions in Invasive Breast Carcinoma Based on Immunohistochemistry and Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. (IF 1.6) Pub Date : 2023-04-01 Wu Ping, Rao Xin, Zhang Li, Chen Yupeng, Song Fangling, Ren Caihong, Hu Shun, Zhang Sheng
Background: Bone is the most common site of metastatic breast cancer (MBC). EDTA is often used to decalcify bony tissue samples to ensure the accurate assessment of antigenicity in MBC. It takes ~24 to 48 hours to decalcify small bone tissues such as bone marrow, which is considered unacceptable given the priority that is often placed on the rapid processing of bone marrow trephine cores. Thus, an