Abstract Hibiscus sabdariffa L. is a tropical plant belonging to the Malvaceae family. In Kurdistan, the Autonomous Region of Iraq, water infusion of H. sabdariffa calyces is recommended for the treatment of hypotension and the common cold. Three distillation techniques: hydrodistillation (HD), steam distillation (SD), and solvent-free microwave-assisted extraction (SFME) have been compared to obtain

Abstract The present study was aimed to isolate active constituents from Blumea axillaris (Lam.) DC (Asteraceae) against phytopathogenic fungi. Bioactivity guided fractionation of the successive n-hexane, chloroform and methanol extract led to the isolation of the monoterpene ester (4 R,5S)-4-hydroxy-7-tigloyloxycarvotanacetone (1). The compound 1 was converted into acetyl derivative (2). The acetyl

Abstract Two new cycloartane glycosides, cycloatriosides A and B (1–2), and a new oleanolic acid glycoside, thaliatrioside A (3), along with 7 known triterpenoids (4–10) were isolated from Thalictrum atriplex. The structures of the new compounds were established as 3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl (20S, 24 R)-3β,16β,25,29-tetrahydroxy-20,24-epoxycycloartane-29-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), 3-O-β-D-glucopyran

Abstract Pullulan, a water-soluble polysaccharide consisting of maltotriose units used in the preparation of edible films and drug delivery, is generally produced from starch by Aureobasidium pullulans (de Bary & Löwenthal) G.Arnaud fungus. In this article, the characterisation of an alternative pullulan source − the stromata of Cyttaria hariotii E.Fisch. fungus − by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy

Abstract Fulvic acid (FA) is a natural mineral medicine with a long medical history in folk. However, the active chemicals of FA remain unknown due to its diversity of sources and the complexity of compositions, which have become a bottleneck in quality control and medicinal development. Based on the traditional effect on angiogenesis, FAs from eight different coal sources were prepared and their active

Abstract Five new secoiridoid glycosides, cornusphenosides E-I (1–5), were isolated and characterized from an active fraction of ethanol extract of the fruits of Cornus officinalis. Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic data analysis, including 2 D NMR and HRESIMS experiments. In the preliminary assay, compound 5 (when evaluated at 10 μM) showed the neuroprotective effect against

Abstract Clematis florida is widely used in She Ethnopharmacy in China owing to its significant anti-inflammatory activities. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of the active fraction of C. florida (CFAF) in an arthritis animal model and its possible mechanism. Pre-inflammatory cytokine levels were examined by ELISA. CFAF can significantly improve the symptoms of arthritis

Abstract Chemical investigation of the roots of Codonopsis javanica resulted in isolation of 12 compounds, including one new polyacetylene, codojavanyol (1), one new phenolic glycoside, codobenzyloside (7), and 10 known compounds, (2E,8E)-9-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)nona-2,8-diene-4,6-diyl-1-ol (2), lobetyol (3), lobetyolin (4), lobetyolinin (5), cordifolioidyne B (6), benzyl-α-L-arabinopyranosyl

Abstract There has been an increasing interest in natural products with the ability to inhibit telomerase activity in tumour and cancerous cells. Green tea catechins have been reported previously to inhibit telomerase, but it was unknown whether catechins from other plant sources could exhibit this property. We isolated 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol (catechin without the

Abstract The oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the eighth more common cancer in men. The development of new and more efficient drugs is needed. Plants of the genus Piper are popularly used in the treatment of many diseases. This study evaluated the antitumor effect of extract, fraction and isolated compounds from leaves of P. rivinoides in oral cancer. The isolated compounds (conocarpan, eupomatenoid-5

Abstract Aiming to valorise the Atlantic Rainforest biodiversity in Santa Catarina, the chemical characterisation of the essential oils (EOs) from leaves of Vernonanthura montevidensis (Spreng.) H. Rob. is described for the first time. Fresh leaves collected in the year 2014 and 2015, were submitted to hydrodistillation to give pale blue EOs in yields of 0.21 and 0.19%, respectively. The EOs were characterised

Abstract In this work, three fungal endophytes identified as Aspergillus terreus (AFL, AFSt and AFR), were studied for their antioxidant potential. LC-MS-based metabolomics, followed by multivariate statistical analysis were then applied to comprehensively profile their extracts. The three fungal endophytes revealed interesting antioxidant potential, in particular, the strain isolated from the Artemisia

Abstract Four new triterpene glucosides (1–4) were isolated from the 90% ethanol extract of Salacia cochinchinensis, together with five known compounds (5–9). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis including HRESIMS, IR, 1 D and 2 D NMR analysis. All isolates were assayed for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Compound 9 showed remarkable α-glucosidase

Abstract Heliolactone is a non-canonical strigolactone isolated from sunflower root exudates. We have previously demonstrated that exogenously administered carlactonoic acid (CLA) was converted to heliolactone in sunflower. The conversion of CLA to heliolactone requires the methyl esterification of the carboxylic acid at C-19. Also, the CLA conversion to its methyl ester, methyl carlactonoate (MeCLA)

Abstract Chemical investigation of the lichen Usnea ceratina Arch led to the isolation of five depsidones, including one new compound ceratinalone (1) along with four known compounds bailesidone (2), stictic acid (3), 8′-O-methylstictic acid (4) and 8′-O-ethylstictic acid (5). The structures were determined by analysis of their MS and NMR data as well as by comparison with literature values. Compounds

Abstract Rhizome Chuanxiong (RCX), the dried rhizomes of Ligusticum striatum DC., is a geoauthentic TCM herb distributed in Sichuan province of China that possesses efficacy in promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis and alleviating pain. Rhizome Chuanxiong total alkaloids (RCXTAs) are one of the major characteristic constituents of RCX with the effects of antimigraine, neuroprotective,

Abstract Nasutitermes spp. soldier defensive secretion has a toxic and repellent effect against predators. Chemical profile characterization of this secretion is an interesting tool to differentiate similar termite species. This study aimed to determine defensive secretion composition of Nasutitermes spp. soldier and to apply chemotaxonomy tool for the unambiguous species identification. Fifteen volatile

Abstract During our continual investigations on Oldenlandia diffusa (Willd.) Roxb., two new iridoid glucosides, diffusosides C (1) and D (2), were isolated and their structures were elucidated through cumulative analysis of NMR and HRESIMS spectroscopic data as well as computational studies. Both isolated compounds displayed no obvious neuroprotective activity on H2O2-induced injury PC12 cells at 50 μM

Abstract Alcohol and its metabolites are responsible for damage both within the gastrointestinal tract and other organs. Alcohol abuse promote intestinal inflammation, that may be the cause of multiple organ dysfunctions and chronic disorders. In this research, the effect of astaxanthin, a powerful antioxidant with several biological effects, on alcohol damage-induced in the intestine of Carassius

Abstract Synsepalum dulcifificum is an evergreen shrub native of tropical West Africa. It is very effective against a variety of diseases. However, the phytochemical investigation on this plant is limited till now. In our current study, seventeen compounds were isolated and identified from the ethyl acetate extract of the leaves. All of the compounds were obtained from S. dulcifificum for the first

Abstract We report here a series of glucosides which are active as inhibitors of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). They are structurally related to the natural compound eugenol and exhibited significant inhibition values. Their syntheses were expeditious and we could obtain informative docking plots of them complexed to this enzyme. A glucoside derived from eugenol, carrying a carboxylic group

Abstract Leishmania amazonensis is a species causative of cutaneous and anergic diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis, treatment-resistant form, in the New World. Plants essential oils exhibit great potential as microbicide agents. We described the composition of the essential oils of two plants native from Brazil, Myrcia ovata, with geranial and neral as major constituents, and Eremanthus erythropappus

Abstract The current study aimed to identify which natural products and which research directions are related to the major contributors to academic journals for diabetes therapy. Bibliometric data were extracted from the Web of Science online database using the search string TOPIC = (‘‘natural product*’ OR ‘‘natural compound*’ OR ‘‘natural molecule*’ OR ‘phytochemical*’ OR ‘‘secondary metabolite*’)

Abstract Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) is isolated from Linum usitatissimum seeds. The antiproliferative effects of SDG (1) and its derivatives secoisolariciresinol (2) and secoisolariciresinol-4′, 4″-diacetate (3) have been evaluated on MCF-7 breast cancer cells and normal breast epithelial line MCF-10A. Lignan 1 has not shown cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 cells, while derivatives 2 and 3 have

Abstract Roemerine is a naturally occurring aporphine alkaloid. In this study, we screened a conformer library of Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs to identify similar drugs that can assist in identifying the biological targets of roemerine. To assess the neuroactivity in vitro, we measured the levels of cell metabolites, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and serotonin (5-HT)

Abstract Chemical investigation of the organic extract of the marine soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum from Red Sea, Egypt, afforded two new hydroazulenes; calamusin J (1) and its hydroperoxide derivative calamusin K (2) in addition to eight known compounds. Structure of compounds 1-2 were confirmed by intensive NMR and mass spectrometry studies. The coral extract and the obtained compounds were examined

Abstract Two phytotoxic furan derivatives were isolated, together with the well-known fungal and plant phytotoxin tyrosol, from the culture filtrates of Stilbocrea macrostoma. This fungal pathogen isolated from Quercus brantii trees induced wood necrosis and decline symptoms on the host plant in Iran. The two furan derivatives, isolated for the first time from Stilbocrea macrostoma, were identified

Abstract Phytochemical investigation of Adiantum flabellulatum L. led to the isolation of four natural compounds, including a novel unsaturated fatty acid with a cyclopropane moiety, i.e. (S,E)-7-(2-octylcyclopropylidene)heptanoic acid (1), together with three known compounds, isoadiantol B (2), stigmast-4-en-6β-ol-3-one (3), β-sitosterol (4). Compound 3 was isolated from the A. flabellulatum L. for

Abstract One new xanthone, chryxanthone C (1), together with four known analogues (2−5), were isolated from the cultures of Paecilamyces sp. TE-540, an endophytic fungus obtained from the leaves of Nicotiana tabacum L. The structure of 1 was elucidated by comprehensive spectral analysis including HRESIMS and 1D/2D NMR, which were confirmed by Cu Kα X-ray crystallography. Compound 1 featured an unusual

Abstract One new piperazinedione derivative, nigerpiperazine A (1), along with six known compounds (2–7) were isolated from the fungus Aspergillus niger JX-5 from mangrove Ceriops tagal. Nigerpiperazine A (1) was elucidated by spectroscopic analyses and 13C NMR chemical shift calculations, compounds 4 and 5 were determined by X-ray and the CD spectra. The absolute configuration of 4 was identified

Abstract A new dimeric monoterpene indole alkaloid polonidine A (1), along with five known compounds, cyclopenol (2), verrucosidin (3), fructigenine A (4), 3-O-methylviridicatin (5) and aurantiomides C (6), were isolated from Penicillium polonicum TY12. Their structures were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses. Compound 1 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activities and moderate

Abstract This study evaluated the phytochemical characterization of Bixa orellana (BO extract) unsaponifiable extract and resulting fractions (F fraction - FF, Geranyl fraction – GF and R fraction- RF) obtained as by-products of an industrial process investigating in vitro antiproliferative activities in human tumoral cells. The main compounds identified by GC-MS for BO extract were Geranylgeraniol

Abstract Resumo The growing interest in the discovery of new compounds from medicinal plants justifies the study of phytochemical components of these plants and their biological activities. The genus Ocotea exhibits a variety of pharmacological, antimicrobial and antioxidant effects. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant potential and antimicrobial properties of the ethyl acetate

Abstract The aerial parts of Ageratina vernalis provided the new germacranolide 1,10-epoxydeltoidin A (3), together with the known pentacyclic triterpenoid hopane-6α,22-diol (1), and the also known germacranolides deltoidin A (2) and 15-hydroxydeltoidin A (4). In addition, pTsOH catalyzed cyclization of 2 afforded the new guaianolide 5. The absolute configuration of 2, 4, and 5 was assigned by vibrational

Abstract Leishmaniasis is a neglected disease that affects millions of people worldwide. This study aimed to analyze antileishmanial activity of Campomanesia xanthocarpa leaf essential oil (EO) on promastigote and amastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis, cytotoxicity in murine macrophages and sheep erythrocytes. The essential oil (EO) was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrophotometry. The

Abstract Brunfelsia uniflora (Pohl) D. Don roots have been widely used in folk medicine for treating inflammatory conditions. However, few studies have elucidated compounds that justify their traditional use. This study was conducted to characterize the phytochemical profile and evaluate the in vitro antioxidant capacity, and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of extracts obtained from B. uniflora

Abstract Swertiamarin is a lead, biologically active compound obtained from Enicostemma littorale Blume and known to be identified for the anti-diabetic activity. Present work comprises the synthesis and structural optimization of seven novel swertiamarin analogues and those were not being reported elsewhere till date. Swertiamarin was isolated, followed by modifications that have been accomplished

Abstract Strain SZW01 was isolated from sea sediment collected from Shenzhen in Guangdong province, China, and was later identified as Aspergillus fumigatus by16S rDNA sequence analysis. Various chromatographic processes led to the isolation and purification of three compounds from the fermentation culture of SZW01, including a new compound, 2,6'-dihydroxy-2,4'dimethoxy-8'-methyl-6-methoxy-acyl-et

Abstract Five new α-pyrones, xylariaopyrones E–I (1–5), along with three known analogues (6–8) were isolated from the cultivation broth of the endophytic fungus Xylariales sp. (HM-1). The structures of the new compounds including their absolute configurations were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic methods and quantum ECD calculations. Xylariaopyrone E (1) is the first example of α-pyrone derivative

Abstract Four p-coumaroylated sesquiterpenoids (1–4), including three new ones (1, 2, and 4), were isolated from the whole plants of Pilea cavaleriei. Their structures were established on the basis of comprehensive spectroscopic analysis and comparison with data reported in the literature. Compounds 1–4 were evaluated for their antimycobacterial activities, and 2 and 4 were active against Mycobacterium

Abstract A new polyhydroxysteroid glycoside, regulusoside D (1), and a new polyhydroxylated steroid, (24S)-cholestane-3β,5,6β,8,15α,24-hexol (2), together with seven known compounds were purified from the starfish Pentaceraster regulus collected near Con Co Islands, Vietnam. The structure elucidation was confirmed by extensive analysis of their NMR and HR-QTOF mass experiments. Among isolated compounds

Abstract Chemical analysis of the organic extract from intertidal brown seaweed Sargassum ilicifolium (family Sargassaceae) characterised an undescribed xenicane-type diterpenoid sargilicixenicane, elucidated as 3-(17-hydroxy-14-methylhept-13-en-10-yl)-6-methylhexahydro-1H-cyclonona[c]furan-4,19-diyl diacetate (compound 1). The studied compound exhibited prospective free radical quenching potential

Abstract A new polyacetylene glucoside, Dendranacetylene A (1), and a known compound 8E-decaene-4,6-diyn-1-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1ʺ→2ʺ)-β-d-glucopyranoside (2) were isolated from the flowers of Dendranthema morifolium (Ramat.) kitam. The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated by NMR and HR-ESI-MS analysis, and comparing these results with data reported in literatures. Additionally,

Abstract A number of bisbenzyilisoquinoline alkaloids have been previously isolated from Cissampelos sympodialis (Menispermaceae). The tertiary alkaloid fraction of the rhizomes (TAFrz) was prepared and the major alkaloid warifteine was isolated. Five TAFrz subfractions in addition to warifteine were tested against Dengue virus (DENV). We then used an epithelial (Vero) cell line to evaluate the cytotoxicity

Abstract Methanolic extracts of liana of Caesalpinia welwitschiana and leaves of C. bonduc were found to possess moderate antifeedant and ovicidal activities against Tuta absoluta. Bioassay-guided isolation of constituents from the most active fraction of C. welwitschiana led to the identification of four known compounds [isobonducellin 1a and bonducellin 1 b, intricatinol 2, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate

Abstract A new alkaloid, manniindole 1, together with four known compounds: aristolactam AII 2, aristolactam BII 3, piperolactam D 4 and polycarpol 5 were isolated from the crude extract EtOH-H2O (8:2) of the roots of Anonidium mannii by chromatographic separation. The structure elucidation was performed on the basis of a spectroscopic analysis (IR, HRESI MS, 1D and 2D NMR) as well as a comparison

Abstract This work aimed to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of total flavonoids from Glycyrrhiza uralensis. The main compounds in licorice total flavonoids (LTF) were isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis and their total content in LTF were more than 60%. Hepatoprotective effects of LTF were investigated in three kinds of hepatic injury mice model induced by high-fat emulsion, Chinese liquor

Infections associated with biofilms developed by Candida spp. are becoming a great problem due to its resistance against the immune response of the host and the action of antifungal agents. Hence, finding substances that can inhibit the development of biofilms increases the likelihood that these compounds one day can become good antifungals applied in the clinic. The aim of this study was to evaluate

A new depside, olivieridepside (1), and a new secoiridoid, olivierigenin (2) were isolated from the aerial parts of Gentiana olivieri Griseb. along with four known compounds, gentiopicroside (3), olivierosides A (4) and B (5) and isoorientin (6). The structures of the isolates were determined by extensive 1 D and 2 D NMR spectroscopy and HR-MS analysis. This is the first report on the occurrence of

The chemical profile of the butanol fraction of the Red Sea sponge Amphimedon sp. was explored using liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry and identified compounds (1–11). Moreover, cytotoxic activities of the total extract and other fractions were examined against three cell lines HEPG2, MCF7 and CACO2, revealed the powerful effect of the total extract and the butanol

The hydrodistilled essential oils from eighteen samples of Salvia rosmarinus Spenn. collected in six localities of Elba Island (Tuscany, Italy) during three different seasonal periods were analyzed by GC-MS for the first time. Fifty-five components were identified, representing 96.8–99.6% of the total chemical composition. All the tested essential oils were characterized by a high content of monoterpenes

In the prevention of epidemic and pandemic emerging and neglected viral infections, natural products are an important source of lead compounds. Hornstedtia bella Škorničkis is a rhizomatous herb growing in the forest of central Vietnam. Hornstedtia bella essential oil (Hb EO) was recently characterised by our group as endowed of antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus Methicillin-Resistant

A new sesquiterpene, gxsespene A (1), and four known sesquiterpene derivatives 2–5 were isolated from the mangrove endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. GXNU-MA1. Their structures were elucidated based on high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (HR-ESI-MS) datum, extensive nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic analysis, and comparison with literature data. The structure of 1

A new cytisine-type alkaloid, along with five known alkaloids was obtained from the seeds of Sophora alopecuroides. Their structures were determined to be (−)-N-(2'-hydroxy-3',5'-di-tert-butyl-toluene)-cytisine (1), (−)-lupanine (2), (+)-matrine (3), (+)-sophoramine (4), (+)-lehmannine (5) and (−)-sophocarpine (6). Their structures were established by NMR, ECD and HRESIMS data analyses. Their cytotoxicity

A new ent-abietane lactone, 3-oxojolkinolide A (1), together with 16 known compounds, helioscopinolide E (2), helioscopinolide A (3), 3-methyl-9H-carbazole (4), carbalexin (5), carbalexin B (6), glycaborinine (7), arborinine (8), 1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde (9), glycoamide A (10), glycoamide B (11), 2-(N-methyl-2-phenylacetamido)benzoic acid (12), 2-(methylamine)-methylbenzoate (13), fraxidin (14), scopoletin

Two novel benzoquinones, uvarmicranones A (1) and B (2), along with 15 known compounds (3 − 17) were isolated from the stems of Uvaria micrantha (Annonaceae). Their structures were elucidated by analyses of NMR and high-resolution mass data. A plausible biosynthetic pathway of uvarmicranone A (1) via Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction was also proposed. Some isolated compounds were evaluated for their

The chemical investigation of the fruits of Xanthium strumarium (Asteraceae) led to the isolation of two new ent-kauranoid glucosides named 2-O-(6-O-isocaleryl-β-D-glucopyranosyl) atractyligenin (1) and 2-O-(2-O-isovaleryl-β-D-glucopyranosyl) atractyligenin (2), together with one known compound. Their structures were established by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis coupled with single-crystal X-ray

Two new dammarane-type triterpenoids, dammar-3α,12(R),20(S)-triol-12,32(R);20,32-diepoxy-25-methy-25-en-tridecacyclic ether (1) and (23E)-12β,20(R),25(S),26-tetrahydroxydammar-23-en-3-one (2) were isolated from the green walnut husks of Juglans mandshurica Maxim together with six known compounds. Their structures were elucidated through extensive spectroscopic analyses and by comparison with the literature

A novel triterpenoid, holarol(1),3β-lup-20(31)-en-3,29,30-triol along with one seco-triterpenoid, dihydrocanaric acid(2) and one known pentacyclic triterpenoid, betulin(3) have been isolated from Holarrhena antidysenterica (L.)Wall. (Family: Apocynaceae). The structures of the compounds were elucidated by extensive IR, 1D, 2D NMR and mass spectrometric analysis. The optimised geometry of (1) was calculated

A new kaurene derivative with a new 6/6/6/5/6 ring system structure, given the trivial name caspicaiene, was isolated from the fungal culture of the Aspergillus N830 isolate identified by ITS region DNA sequencing. The compound was characterized by 1, 2 D NMR, and HR-ESI-MS-MS and revealed a promising anti-tubercular effect using the Alamar Blue Assay (MABA), in a dose dependent manner, with MIC value