AIMS The main aim of the study was to examine the feasibility and benefits of adsorption onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) coupled with cloud point extraction (CPE) for removal of Rhodamine B (RB) from aqueous solutions. BACKGROUND MWCNTs offer the particular features of the ideal adsorbents for the organic dyes such as hollow tubular structure and specific surface area. Nevertheless, they

Aim and Objectvie: Intake of Stachys sieboldii MIQ. has been associated with relieving inflammation and maintaining optimal gut health function. We investigated the diversity and composition of microflora in feces of S. sieboldii MIQ.-fed mice. In addition, we evaluated the production of major cytokines (Interleukin-6 and -10) related with inflammation and fatty acid composition of several tissues

BACKGROUND Genus Erythrina belongs to the family Fabaceae, which is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas. It has been used in both traditional herbal medicines and pharmacological applications. Original research articles and publications on the overview of alkaloids related to this genus are available, but a supportive systematic review account that highlights phytochemical aspects

AIM AND OBJECTIVES The focus of the present work is to synthesize ZnO/C composite using dextrose as carbon source by combustion method and study the comparative evaluation on one-pot synthesis of β-acetamido- β-(phenyl) propiophenone over ZnO nanoparticles and ZnO/C composite catalyst. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ZnO nanoparticles has been synthesized by sol-gel method using zinc nitrate and NaOH and

AIM AND OBJECTIVE Oxidative stress is implicated in the development and progression of many disease. Some of appropriate actions that could be initiated to taken to resolve the problem of these diseases are search for new antioxidant substances isolated from plants. The aims of this study were to study the intraspecies variations of A. verticillata and C. caeruleus essential oils from 8 locations using

Aims & Objective: An efficient procedure for the synthesis of pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinoline derivatives in excellent yields was investigated using catalyst-free multicomponent reaction of phthaladehyde, methylamine, activated acetylenic compounds, alkyl bromides and triphenylphosphine in water under ultrasonic irradiation at room temperature. In addition, Diels-Alder reactions of pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinoline

BACKGROUND Several medicinal plants are being used in Indian medicine systems from ancient times. However, in most cases, the specific molecules or the active ingredients responsible for the medicinal or therapeutic properties are not yet known. OBJECTIVE To report a computational protocol as well as a tool for generating novel potential drug candidates from the bioactive molecules of Indian medicinal

BACKGROUND This investigation was aimed to explore the anxiolytic potential of Phyllanthus amarus standardized extracts and predict probable role of marker phyto constitutents. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS Three standardized extracts of Phyllanthus amarus plant viz. standardized aqueous extract of Phyllanthus amarus whole plant (PAAE), standardized methanolic extract of P. amarus leaf (PAME) and the standardized

OBJECTIVE Considering the molecular complexity and heterogeneity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the identification of novel molecular contributors involved in RA initiation and progression using systems biology approaches will open up potential therapeutic strategies. The bioinformatics method allows the detection of associated miRNA-mRNA as both therapeutic and prognostic targets for RA. METHOD This

AIM AND OBJECTIVE Cells and tissues of the body are prone to oxidative damage as a result of increased level of reactive oxygen species and nitrogen radical beyond the detoxifying ability of the endogenous antioxidant system. This study aimed to evaluate the ameliorative effect of methanolic extracts of Nigella sativa (MENS) against cadmium-induced blood oxidative stress and testicular toxicity in

Aims & Objective: Armoracia Rusticana has high medicinal values and is an excellent source of phytochemicals. This study was aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic potential of bioactive compounds from Armoracia Rusticana. METHODS The antidiabetic analysis revealed Armoracia Rusticana was highly active against α-glucosidase with IC50 values of 5.6 µg/ml. Furthermore, molecular docking was used to identify

AIM AND OBJECTIVE Methyldopa is one of the medications that is used for the treatment of hypertension. Therefore, the determination of methyldopa in the presence of other biological components is essential. In this work, a promising electrochemical sensor based on CoFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles modified glassy carbon electrode (CoFe2O4/GCE) was developed for electrochemical determination of methyldopa

BACKGROUND Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) is an oil-based seed which contains high amounts of alpha-linoleic acid, linoleic acid, lignans, fiber and many other bioactive components which is suggested for healthier life. Nowadays flaxseed is known as a remarkable functional food with different health benefits for humans and protects against cardiovascular disease, diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity and

AIM AND OBJECTIVE Myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction and other diseases caused by vascular obstruction have always jeopardized human life and health. More and more reports indicate that Rhei Radix et Rhizoma has a good clinical effect in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Owing to the complexity of herbal medicine, the pharmacodynamic mechanism of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma

OBJECTIVE Vasculitis is the basic pathological change of systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE). Radix Paeoniae Rubra (RPR), a traditional Chinese herb with the function of reducing blood stasis, has antiinflammatory and immunoregulatory properties. This study explored the effects of RPR on the kidneys of lupus-like symptoms of mrl (MRL/lpr) mice from the perspective of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1)

AIM AND OBJECTIVE Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a cancer with worldwide distribution and dismal prognosis despite ongoing efforts to improve treatment options. Therefore, it is essential to identify the prognostic factors for ESCC. METHODS AND RESULTS We determined KLRB1 to be a prognostic indicator of human ESCC. KLRB1 was expressed at low levels in ESCC patients. Based on the risk

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The SOX2OT lcnRNA has been recognized as positive regulator in transcription regulation of SOX2 gene. Recent studies have approved the dysregulation of SOX2OT lncRNA expression patterns in some common caner types including esophageal, lung, and breast cancer. The objective of present study was to investigate correlation between overexpression of SOX2OT lcnRNA and susceptibility

BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease ranks second, after Alzheimer's as the major neurodegenerative disorder, for which no cure or disease-modifying therapies exist. Ample evidences indicate that PD manifests as a result of impaired anti-oxidative machinery leading to neuronal death wherein Cullin-3 has ascended as a potential therapeutic target for diseases involving damaged anti-oxidative machinery. OBJECTIVE

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Mycoplasmal pneumonia (MP) can lead to inflammation, multiple system immune damage, and mixed infection in children. The pathogenesis is still unclear. Shuang-Huang-Lian (SHL) oral liquid can treat acute upper respiratory tract infection, acute bronchitis and light pneumonia. However, our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms supporting its clinical application

BACKGROUND In blood samples taken for testing purpose during drug infusion in the intensive care unit, there is a risk of interference due to drug-reactive interaction during the analysis. CASE REPORT A 19-year-old female patient had undergone surgery for intracranial astrocytoma 12 years previously. Acinetobacter baumannii was found in the blood culture and deep tracheal aspiration fluid of the patient

Background: Many forms of variations exist in the genome, which are the main causes of individual phenotypic differences. The detection of variants, especially those located in the tumor genome, still faces many challenges due to the complexity of the genome structure. Thus, the performance assessment of variation detection tools using next-generation sequencing platforms is urgently needed. Method:

Background: Evidence have increasingly indicated that for human disease, cell metabolism are deeply associated with proteins. Structural mutations and dysregulations of these proteins contribute to the development of the complex disease. Free radicals are unstable molecules that seek for electrons from the surrounding atoms for stability. Once a free radical binds to an atom in the body, a chain reaction

Background: Panax notoginseng, a Chinese herbal medicine, has been widely used to treat vascular diseases. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the complications of diabetic microangiopathy. According to recent studies, the application of Panax notoginseng extract and related Chinese patent medicine preparations can significantly improve DR. However, the pharmacological mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore

Aims and Objective: In this work ZnO-nanorod (ZnO-NR) as reusable catalyst promoted Strecker-type reaction of 2,4-dihydroxyacetophenone, isopropenylacetylene, trimethylsilyl cyanide (TMSCN), primary amines and isocyanides at ambient temperature under solvent-free conditions and produced α-amino nitriles benzofuran derivatives in high yields. These synthesized compounds may have antioxidant ability

Background: The analysis of retinal images can help to detect retinal abnormalities that are caused by cardiovascular and retinal disorders. Objective: In this paper, we propose methods based on texture features for mining and analyzing information from retinal images. Methods: The recognition of the retinal mask region is a prerequisite for retinal image processing. However, there is no way to automatically

Background: Drugs are very important for human life because they can provide treatment, cure, prevention, or diagnosis of different diseases. However, they also cause side effects, which can increase the risks for humans and pharmaceuticals companies. It is essential to identify drug side effects in drug discovery. To date, lots of computational methods have been proposed to predict the side effects

Background: Identification of drug-target interaction is essential in drug discovery. It is beneficial to predict unexpected therapeutic or adverse side effects of drugs. To date, several computational methods have been proposed to predict drug-target interactions because they are prompt and low-cost compared with traditional wet experiments. Methods: In this study, we investigated this problem in

Aim and Objective: Leukemia is the second common blood cancer after lymphoma, and its incidence rate has an increasing trend in recent years. Leukemia can be classified into four types: acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). More than forty drugs are applicable to different types of leukemia based

Background: As a newly uncovered post-translational modification on the ε-amino group of lysine residue, protein malonylation was found to be involved in metabolic pathways and certain diseases. Apart from experimental approaches, several computational methods based on machine learning algorithms were recently proposed to predict malonylation sites. However, previous methods failed to address imbalanced

BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease that leads to a high disability rate and a low quality of life. With the development of modern molecular biology techniques, some key genes and diagnostic markers have been reported. However, the etiology and pathogenesis of OA are still unknown. OBJECTIVE To develop a gene signature in OA. METHOD In this study, five microarray data sets were integrated

BACKGROUND ZIKV has been a well-known global threat, which hit almost all of the American countries and posed a serious threat to the entire globe in 2016. The first outbreak of ZIKV was reported in 2007 in the Pacific area followed by another severe outbreak, which occurred in 2013/2014 and subsequently, ZIKV spread to all other Pacific islands. A broad spectrum of ZIKV associated neurological malformations

AIM AND OBJECTIVE Near Infrared (NIR) spectroscopy data are featured by few dozen to many thousands of samples and highly correlated variables. Quantitative analysis of such data usually requires a combination of analytical methods with variable selection or screening methods. Commonly-used variable screening methods fail to recover the true model when (i) some of the variables are highly correlated

BACKGROUND Matrix metalloproteinase 1 is zinc dependent endopeptidase playing important role in the controlled breakdown of extracellular matrix in normal physiological condition resulting in maintenance of homeostasis. Dysregulation of MMP1 leads to progression of various pathological conditions as cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular disease, skin damage and fibrotic disorder. Thus, MMP1

AIM AND OBJECTIVE The research focuses on recent progress in the production of light olefins. Hence, the common catalyst of the reaction (SAPO-34) deactivates quickly because of coke formation, we reorganized the mechanism combining SAPO-34 with a natural zeolite in order to delay the deactivation time. MATERIALS AND METHODS The synthesis of nanocomposite catalyst was conducted hydrothermally using

SAPO-34/AlMCM-41, as a hierarchical nanocomposite molecular sieve was prepared by sequential hydrothermal and dry-gel methods studied for catalytic conversion of methanol to light olefins. Pure AlMCM-41, SAPO-34, and their physical mixture were also produced and catalytically compared. Physicochemical properties of materials were mainly investigated using XRD, N2 isothermal adsorptiondesorption, FESEM

BACKGROUND Considering the low ocular bioavailability of conventional formulations used for ocular bacterial infection treatment, there's a need for designing efficient novel drug delivery systems that may enhance of precorneal retention time and corneal permeability. AIM AND OBJECTIVE The current research focuses on developing nanosized and non-toxic Eudragit® RL 100 and Kollidon® SR nanoparticles

BACKGROUND Monoamine oxidases (MAOs) play a crucial role during the development of various neurodegenerative disorders. There are two MAO isozymes, MAO-A and MAO-B. MAO-A is a flavoenzyme, which binds to the outer mitochondrial membrane and catalyzes the oxidative transformations of neurotransmitters like serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. MATERIALS AND METHODS Focus on synthetic studies has

AIM AND OBJECTIVE Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second neurodegenerative disease. It is a multifactorial disorder (aging, environmental and genetic factors). Metabolomics can help to explore the biomarker profiles for aging. Recent studies showed an association between the glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) polymorphisms and PD risk. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of this

BACKGROUND Avicennia alba Blume, is a well-known mangrove plant used in traditional medicinal practices for several human ailments. OBJECTIVE The study aimed at evaluation of antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities of A. alba ethanolic leaf (AAL) and bark (AAB) extract along with phytochemical investigation. METHODS In vitro antidiabetic study was done by α-amylase, α-glucosidase

AIMS AND OBJECTIVE The present study was designed to evaluate the xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory and antioxidant activities of 30 bioactive compounds present in edible food plants for the possible treatment of hyperuricemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS The XO inhibitory, SO and DPPH radical scavenging activities of selected dietary polyphenols were determined by using colorimetric assays. The molecular

Nipah virus (NiV) is a zoonotic virus of the paramyxovirus family that sporadically breaks out from livestock and spread in human through breathing resulting in indication of encephalitis syndrome. In the current study, T cell epitopes with the NiV W protein antigens were predicted. Modelling of unavailable 3D structure of W protein followed by docking studies of respective Human MHC - class I and

For the past few decades, the mechanisms of immune responses to cancer have been exploited extensively and significant attention has been given into exploiting the therapeutic potential of the immune system. Cancer immunotherapy has been established as a promising innovative treatment for many forms of cancer. Immunotherapy has gained its prominence through various strategies including; cancer vaccines

BACKGROUND RNA methylation is a reversible post-transcriptional modification involving numerous biological processes. Ribose 2'-O-methylation is part of RNA methylation. It has shown that ribose 2'- O-methylation plays an important role in immune recognition and other pathogenesis. OBJECTIVE We aim to design a computational method to identify2'-O-methylation. METHOD Different from the experimental

OBJECTIVE The world is under the grasp of dangerous post-antibiotics and antimicrobials attack where common infections may become untreatable leading to premature deaths due to antimicrobial resistance (AMR). While an estimated 7,00,000 people die annually due to AMR which is a public health threat to all communities in different parts of the world regardless of their economic status. However, this

BACKGROUND Rafoxanide (RFX) is an active agent against Fasciola hepatica, but it is prohibited for treatment of dairy animals whose milk is provided for human consumption. OBJECTIVE A reliable, fast, and simple method needs to be developed to monitor RFX residues in milk samples before distribution to consumers. METHODS In this work, the electrochemical oxidation of RFX was studied at glassy carbon

OBJECTIVE The study aims at derivatization of "Phthalides" to artificially synthesize 3-arylaminophthalides and 3-indolylphthalides compounds. Evaluate the Anti-tubercular and Antioxidant Scavenging activity of the synthesised phthalide derivatives. Followed by, Identification of a target for these compounds and evaluating their binding modes. METHOD This report briefs the synthesis of phthalide compounds

AIM AND OBJECTIVE Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the major complications of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The specific mechanisms of pathogenesis, aggravation and remission processes in LN have not been clarified, but is of great need in clinic. Using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) technology to screen the functional proteins of LN in mice. Especially under intervention

BACKGROUND The Arisaema (Araceae) is a genus of approximately 180 perennial herbs widely distributed in the evergreen and deciduous forests. This genus (Arisaema) is used as medicinal agent since ancient times. Experimental investigations have shown promising positive coorelation with its folklore claim and this encourages us to report updated medicinal review (genus Arisaema) for future research.

AIM AND OBJECTIVES Human continuously uses pesticides in the field to control pest population and weeds for considerable agricultural productivity. Side-by species like grazing-animals, insects and other species are adversely affected by or become resistant to pesticides. Insect, bird and cattle are highly abundant dwellers of the agriculture-field and represent three distinct phylum having versatile

BACKGROUND There are a number of protocols for Ullmann coupling-type S-arylation reactions, many of them suffer from the use of homogenous and often corrosive catalyst, cumbersome workup procedures, and long reaction times. Besides, many of these reagents are expensive and non-recoverable leading to the generation of large amount of toxic waste particularly when largescale applications are considered

AIM AND OBJECTIVE The Dendrobium officinalis flower (DOF) is popular in China due to common belief in its anti-aging properties and positive effects on "nourish yin". However, there have been relatively few confirmatory pharmacological experiments conducted to date. The aim of this work was to evaluate whether DOF has beneficial effects on learning and memory in senescent rats, and, if so, to determine

BACKGROUND Tumor microenvironment (TME) cells play important roles in tumor progression. Accumulating evidence show that they can be exploited to predict the clinical outcomes and therapeutic responses of tumor. However, the role of immune genes of TME in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is currently unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine the role of immune genes in SCLC. METHODS We downloaded the expression

AIM AND OBJECTIVE Five-Flavor Sophora flavescens Enteric-Coated Capsules (FSEC) are the only proprietary Chinese medicine approved for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) in China. Phase II and III clinical trials have shown that the curative effect of FSEC in relieving UC was not inferior to that of mesalazine granules and enteric-coated tablets, but its pharmacological mechanism is unclear.

BACKGROUND Tuberculosis is a disease with high incidence and high mortality rate, especially in Brazil. Although there are several medications available for treatment, in cases of resistance, there is a need to use more than one medication. OBJECTIVE Therefore, cases of toxicity increase and reports of resistance have been worrying the population. In addition, some medications have a short period of

BACKGROUND MAO and ChE enzymes are very critical enzymes which regulate the level of neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine and monoamines. Monoamine neurotransmitters and acetylcholine play a very important role in many physiological events. Increase or decrease in the amount of these neurotransmitters is observed in many central nervous system pathologies. Balancing the amount of these neurotransmitters

AIM A new, accurate and sensitive reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) as an analytical method for the quantitative determination of eight antifungal drugs in spiked human plasma has been described optimized and validated. METHODS AND MATERIALS The analyzed compounds were voriconazole (VOR), luliconazole (LUL), clotrimazole (CLO), tioconazole (TIO), posaconazole (POS), ketoconazole

BACKGROUND Halogenated corticosteroids are widely used in medicine, and the global need of these steroidal APIs is estimated to be 40 - 70 tons, annually. Vietnam currently imports the pharmaceutical compounds up to 90%, in particular 100% of steroidal drugs. Currently, industrial production is based on the chemical syntheses of corticosteroids from either 16- dehydropregnenolone acetate (obtained

AIMS AND OBJECTIVE This study explains the FT-IR, XRD, XRF, SEM/EDX, TGA, and DSC/DTA characterization of commercially available kaolin clay. The objective of this paper is to explore the prominent utilization of kandites clay and useful chemical aspects for the modification of kaolin clay minerals. MATERIALS AND METHODS The untreated kaolin sample has been procured in this experimental work from AksharChem

BACKGROUND Tomato is considered a model plant in genetics and is one of the most economically important crops of all those that exist in the world. Several species of fungi are reported on tomato fruit, causing damage both during cultivation and after harvest. Some of the appropriate actions that could be initiated to resolve the problem are to develop and search for new antimicrobial substances isolated

BACKGROUND The selective targeting of CREB-cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CBP) has recently evolved as a vital therapeutic approach for curtailing its aberrant upregulation associated with the development of prostate cancer. Inhibition of CBP has been discovered to be an important therapeutic option in androgen receptor signalling pathway mediated prostate cancer. Y08197, a novel selective