For the past few decades, the mechanisms of immune responses to cancer have been exploited extensively and significant attention has been given into utilizing the therapeutic potential of the immune system. Cancer immunotherapy has been established as a promising innovative treatment for many forms of cancer. Immunotherapy has gained its prominence through various strategies, including cancer vaccines

Background: Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) is an oil-based seed that contains high amounts of alpha-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, lignans, fiber and many other bioactive components which is suggested for a healthier life. Nowadays, flaxseed is known as a remarkable functional food with different health benefits for humans and protects against cardiovascular disease, diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity

Objective: The study aims at the derivatization of “Phthalides” and synthesizes 3- arylaminophthalides & 3-indolyl-phthalides compounds, and evaluates their anti-tubercular and antioxidant activities. The study has also intended to employ the in silico methods for the identification of possible drug targets in Mycobacterium and evaluate the binding affinities of synthesized compounds. Methods: This

Aim and Objective: Near Infrared (NIR) spectroscopy data are featured by few dozen to many thousands of samples and highly correlated variables. Quantitative analysis of such data usually requires a combination of analytical methods with variable selection or screening methods. Commonly-used variable screening methods fail to recover the true model when (i) some of the variables are highly correlated

Background: Matrix metalloproteinase 1 are zinc-dependent endopeptidases responsible for the controlled breakdown of the extracellular matrix resulting in the maintenance of homeostasis. Dysregulation of MMP1 leads to the progression of various pathological conditions like cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular disease, skin damage and fibrotic disorder. Thus, MMP1 inhibition is the potential

Background: Stroke is ranked second among diseases that cause mortality worldwide. Owing to its complicated pathogenesis, no satisfactory treatment strategies for stroke are available. Dachengqi decoction (DCQD), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, has been widely used in China for a long time, as it has a good effect on stroke. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this effect of DCQD is

Aim and Objective: Nipah virus (NiV) is a zoonotic virus of the paramyxovirus family that sporadically breaks out from livestock and spreads in humans through breathing resulting in an indication of encephalitis syndrome. In the current study, T cell epitopes with the NiV W protein antigens were predicted. Materials and Methods: Modelling of unavailable 3D structure of W protein followed by docking

Background: ZIKV has been a well-known global threat, which hits almost all of the American countries and posed a serious threat to the entire globe in 2016. The first outbreak of ZIKV was reported in 2007 in the Pacific area, followed by another severe outbreak, which occurred in 2013/2014 and subsequently, ZIKV spread to all other Pacific islands. A broad spectrum of ZIKV associated neurological

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease that leads to a high disability rate and a low quality of life. With the development of modern molecular biology techniques, some key genes and diagnostic markers have been reported. However, the etiology and pathogenesis of OA are still unknown. Objective: To develop a gene signature in OA. Method: In this study, five microarray data sets were integrated

Background: Parkinson’s disease ranks second, after Alzheimer’s as the major neurodegenerative disorder, for which no cure or disease-modifying therapies exist. Ample evidence indicate that PD manifests as a result of impaired anti-oxidative machinery leading to neuronal death wherein Cullin-3 has ascended as a potential therapeutic target for diseases involving damaged anti-oxidative machinery. Objective:

Background: In blood samples taken for testing purposes during drug infusion in the intensive care unit, there is a risk of interference due to drug-reactive interaction during the analysis. Case Report: A 19-year-old female patient had undergone surgery for intracranial astrocytoma, 12 years ago. Acinetobacter baumannii was found in the blood culture and deep tracheal aspiration fluid of the patient

Objective: Two novel Schiff bases named, 2-((2-Hydroxybenzylidene)amino)-4,5,6,7- tetrahydrobenzo[b] thiophene-3-carbonitrile (BESB1) and 2-((Furan-2-ylmethylene)amino)-4,5,6, 7-tetrahydro-benzo[b]thiophene-3-carbonitrile (BESB2) were synthesized. Methods: The structures were characterized based on CHN elemental analysis, mid-infrared (400– 4000 cm-1), Raman (100-4000 cm-1), 1H NMR, mass and UV-Vis

Aim and Objective: Wastewater treatment/remediation is a very important process that has a great environmental and economic impact. Therefore, it is crucial to innovate different methods to remove pollutants of different sources from wastewater. This work was conducted in order to study the removal of lead (Pb+2) from wastewater using microspheres of composites of sodium alginate, cellulose and chitosan

Background: The spinel ferrite nanoparticles, such as zinc, nickel, and cobalt ferrites have exceptional electronic and magnetic properties. Cobalt ferrite nanomaterial (CoFe2O4) is a hard material that reveals high magnetic, mechanical, and chemical stability. Aim and Objective: The objective of this research is to predict the corrosion behavior of cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) thin films deposited on

Aim and Objective: Platinum (II) and platinum (IV) of pyrophosphate complexes have been prepared and characterized to discover their potential as antitumor drugs. This study was conducted to prepare and characterize new ternary platinum (II) complexes with formamidine and pyrophosphate as an antitumor candidate. Materials and Methods: The complexes have been characterized by mass, infrared, UV-Vis

Background: The Arisaema (Araceae) is a genus of approximately 180 perennial herbs widely distributed in the evergreen and deciduous forests. This genus (Arisaema) has been used as a medicinal agent since ancient times. Experimental investigations have shown a promising positive correlation with its folklore claim and this encourages us to report updated medicinal review (genus Arisaema) for future

Aim and Objective: Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the major complications of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The specific mechanisms of pathogenesis, aggravation, and remission processes in LN have not been clarified but is of great need in the clinic. Using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) technology to screen the functional proteins of LN in mice. Especially under

Background: There are a number of protocols for Ullmann coupling–type S-arylation reactions, many of them suffer from the use of homogenous and often corrosive catalyst, cumbersome workup procedures, and long reaction times. Besides, many of these reagents are expensive and non-recoverable, leading to the generation of a large amount of toxic waste particularly when large-scale applications are considered

Aim and Objective: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the most prevalent type of cancer with worldwide distribution and dismal prognosis despite ongoing efforts to improve treatment options. Therefore, it is essential to determine the prognostic factors for ESCC. Methods and Results: We determined KLRB1 to be a prognostic indicator of human ESCC. KLRB1 was expressed at low levels in ESCC

Objective: Vasculitis is the basic pathological change of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Radix Paeoniae Rubra (RPR), a traditional Chinese herb with the function of reducing blood stasis, has anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory properties. This study explored the effects of RPR on the kidneys of lupus-like symptoms of mrl (MRL/lpr) mice from the perspective of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1

AIM AND OBJECTIVE Fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) has been reported to be a potential biomarker in various cancers. However, no study has explored the relationship between FADS1 expression and bladder cancer. Our study aimed to investigate the role of FADS1 in bladder cancer prognosis via The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). MATERIALS AND METHODS RNA-Seq expression of 414 tumor tissues and 19 paired normal

BACKGROUND Nanoscale metal oxide catalysts have been extensively employed in organic reactions because they have been found to influence the chemical and physical properties of the bulk material. The chromene (benzopyran) nucleus constitutes the core structure in a major class of many biologically active compounds, and interest in their chemistry consequently continues because of their numerous biological

BACKGROUND Lead (Pb) remains a common contaminant in the environment in many parts of the world. Pb exposure adversely affects many human organs, including the gonads, via oxidant and inflammatory marker propagation in affected tissues. Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MOE) is a rich source of antioxidants reported to have robust antiinflammatory properties. AIMS This investigation assessed whether MOE

BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease is neurological condition causing cognitive inability and dementia. The pathological lesions and neuronal damage in brain is caused by self-aggregated fragments of mutated Amyloidal precursor protein (APP). OBJECTIVE The controlled APP processing by inhibition of secretase is the strategy to reduce Aβ load to treat Alzheimer's disease. METHOD A QSAR study was performed

BACKGROUND Systemic acute inflammation is the hallmark of sepsis and associated with multiple organ dysfunction. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the potential of stingless bee honey (SBH) to suppress lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic acute inflammation in rats and to reveal the probable mechanism of action. METHODS Rats received 4.6 and 9.2 g/kg SBH for 7 days followed by a single injection

BACKGROUND Lead (Pb) is an environmental pollutant causing serious health problems, including impairment of reproduction. Visnagin (VIS) is a furanochromone with promising antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects; however, its protective efficacy against Pb toxicity has not been investigated. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the protective effect of VIS on Pb reproductive toxicity, impaired steroidogenesis

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is the leading cause of infant lower respiratory tract infections with no mature vaccines and medicines available. Pneumonia caused by RSV kills many infants every year. There are unique advantages for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) to fight against the virus. Houttuynia cordata Thunb is a commonly used anti-virus medicine in TCM, but its

AIMS AND OBJECTIVE Copious proinflammatory cytokines including TNF-α and IL-1β are involved in progression of inflammation in human body. Inhibition of signaling mediated by proinflammatory cytokines offer effective in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. The treatment of dreadful infectious disease mycobacterium tuberculosis still remains a challenge owing to resistance to multiple drugs hence

BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease is an irreversible, progressive brain disorder manifested with symptoms like loss of memory (known as dementia), personality changes, loss of cognition, impaired movement, confusion, deteriorated planning and thought process. Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease is the result of deposition of protein beta-amyloid that forms plaques and another protein called tau,

Stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy has become a useful tool to visualize and dynamic monitor at an ultra-high resolution in both biological research and material science. For STED technology, fluorescent probes are irreplaceable in imaging process. Among them, organic fluorescent probes exhibit characteristics of superior photo-stability, high brightness, large Stokes' shifts and excellent

BACKGROUND Bladder cancer (BC) is the 10th most common cancer worldwide with significantly varied prognosis in different pathological subtypes. MMPs, a group of enzymes, could involve in the invasion and metastasis of numerous malignancies. The function of MMPs in BC is partly reported in several studies but with a great conflicts; hence, a systematic analysis of expression levels and prognostic values

BACKGROUND Virus nanoparticles have been extensively studied over the past decades for theranostics applications.Viruses are well-characterized, naturally occurring nanoparticles that can be produced in high quantity with a high degreeof similarity in both structure and composition. OBJECTIVES The plant virus cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) has been innovatively used as a nanoscaffold. Utilization of theinternal

BACKGROUND/AIM We aimed to ascertain the effects of astaxanthin on the lungs of rat pups with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) induced by hyperoxia and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-two newborn Wistar rats born to spontaneous pregnant rats were divided into three groups: Hyperoxia (95% O2) + lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group, hyperoxia + LPS + astaxhantin group and control: no

OBJECTIVES A four-lump dynamic kinetic model on the hierarchical SAPO-34 catalyst in the methanol to light olefins (MTO) process has been presented using the power law models. Since decreased catalyst activity in the MTO process is common, for the applicability of the proposed model, the function of catalyst activity was computed as a function of the coke percentage deposited on the catalyst. MATERIALS

BACKGROUND The quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) approach is most widely used for prediction of biological activity of potential medicinal compounds. A QSAR model is developed by correlating the information obtained from chemical structures (numerical descriptors/independent variables) with the experimental response values (the dependent variable). METHODS In the current study, we

AIM AND OBJECTIVE Nano-2-[N',N'-dimethyl-N'-(silica-n-propyl)ethanaminium chloride]-N,N-dimethylaminium bisulfate (nano-[DSPECDA][HSO4]) was used as a highly effective and heterogeneous silica-based nanostructured catalyst for the synthesis of 1-thioamidoalkyl-2-naphthols and substituted tetrahydropyridines. MATERIAL AND METHODS The expected products were prepared in mild conditions. In this work,

BACKGROUND Boswellic acids are the main constituents of Boswellia serrata gum. These comprises of four pentacyclic triterpenes, 11-keto-β-boswellic acid (KBA) being one of them. OBJECTIVES Comparing the extraction efficiency of KBA through microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasoundassisted extraction (UAE) followed by optimizing the extraction process using response surface methodology (RSM)

AIM AND OBJECTIVE Production of light olefins from methanol was studied over SAPO-34 molecular sieves exploring the effect of mono and dual templates. Herein, the single templates of TEA, morpholine and mixed template of TEA/morpholine (equal molar ratio of TEA and morpholine) were used to synthesize SAPO-34 catalysts. MATERIALS AND METHODS The prepared samples were prepared via hydrothermal synthesis

BACKGROUND Various effects of Astaxanthin was shown in the studies including its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and immunregulator effects. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the beneficial effects of Astaxanthin on renovascular occlusion induced renal injury and to investigate the possible mechanisms. METHODS The rats were randomly assigned into three groups as follows: Group

BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine metabolic disorder diseases. The application of herbal medicine to control glucose levels and improve insulin action might be a useful approach in the treatment of diabetes. Mulberry leaves (ML) has been reported to exert important activities of anti-diabetic. OBJECTIVE In this work, we aimed to explore the multi-targets and multi-pathways

BACKGROUND The presence of plasmid mediated mcr-1 gene in multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacteria poses a serious public health concern in today's world. OBJECTIVES The present study was aimed to detect the presence of plasmid mediated mcr-1 encoding resistance to colistin in multiple drug resistant (MDR) E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates. METHODS A total 180 clinical isolates of E. coli (n=120)

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common cancer with a high mortality rate and is usually detected at middle or late stage, missing the optimal treatment period. The current study aims to identify potential long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) biomarkers that contribute to diagnosis and prognosis of HCC. METHOD The differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) in HCC patients were detected from

Eimeriosis is a parasitic intestinal infection that affects the poultry industry; it is responsible for economic losses on a global scale. Objective: This study investigated the protective role of Morus nigra leaf extracts (ME) against Eimeria papillata infection in mice. Methods: C57Bl/6 mice were divided into six groups. The first group was gavaged daily with 100 μL 0.9 % NaCl. The second group was

OBJECTIVE Lingzhu San (LZS) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription which can be effective in treating febrile seizures (FS) and has few researches on the mechanisms. In order to better guide the clinical use of LZS, we used the research ideas and methods of network pharmacology to find the potential core compounds, targets and pathways of LZS in the complex TCM system for the treatment

BACKGROUND Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) and sirtuin 2 (Sirt2) are NAD+ -dependent histone deacetylases which play important functional roles in removal of the acetyl group of acetyl-lysine substrates. Considering the dysregulation of Sirt1 and Sirt2 as etiological causes of diseases, Sirt1 and Sirt2 are lucrative target proteins for treatment, thus there has been great interest in the development of Sirt1 and

BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that seriously affects the quality of life of elderly individuals. Regrettably, the pathological mechanism for OA has not yet been fully elucidated. This study is committed to distinguishing key genes and the underlying mechanisms for OA. Raw data was acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We identified differentially

BACKGROUND Novel Corona virus is a type of enveloped viruses with a single stranded RNA enclosing helical nucleocapsid. The envelope consists of spikes on the surface which are made up of proteins through which virus enters into human cells. Until now there is no specific drug or vaccine available to treat COVID-19 infection. In this scenario, reposting of drug or active molecules may provide rapid

OBJECTIVE Osteopontin (OPN), a phosphorylated sialoprotein, has been shown to overexpress in a variety of cancers and to contribute tumor progression and metastasis by increasing cell migration and adhesion. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the prognostic and predictive role of OPN in patients with advanced gastric cancer. METHODS A total of 42 consecutive chemonaive patients with advanced

BACKGROUND Rheum palmatum L． (RpL) is a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used in clinical. However, there was no systematic research to elucidate the mechanisms of RpL acting on COPD. OBJECTIVE To explore the potential mechanisms against COPD based on network pharmacology. METHOD The active compounds of RpL were retrieved from TCMSP database, and their corresponding targets were obtained through

The Alzheimer disease is a age related neurodegenerative disease. The factors causing alzheimer disease are numerous. Research on humans and rodent models predicted various causative factors involved in Alzheimer disease progression. Among them, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis play a major role because of accumulation of extracellular amyloid beta peptides. Here, the clearance of

BACKGROUND Depression is a mental illness caused by the imbalance of important neurotransmitters such as serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE). It is a serious neurological disorder that could be treated by antidepressant drugs. OBJECTIVE There are two major classes such as TCAs and phenoxyphenylpropylamines which have been proven to be broad-spectrum antidepressant compounds. Several attempts were

AIM AND OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicines for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis (PBCRBSM) in preventing deep venous thrombosis (DVT) after total hip arthroplasty (THA). MATERIALS AND METHODS The Databases were searched for studies comparing the preventive abilities of PBCRBSM and Western medicine, such as low molecular weight heparin (LMWH)

AIM AND OBJECTIVE Sequence analysis is one of the foundations in bioinformatics. It is widely used to find out the feature metric hidden in the sequence. Otherwise, the graphical representation of biologic sequence is an important tool for sequencing analysis. This study is undertaken to find out a new graphical representation of biosequences. MATERIALS AND METHODS The transition probability is used

BACKGROUND Bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are among the most common chronic diseases. Roflumilast is a novel, potent, selective, and long-acting phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE-4) inhibitor for the treatment of bronchial asthma and COPD. It has anti-inflammatory effects and it has been shown to reduce exacerbations and improve pulmonary function in patients with COPD. Although

Cervical malignancy is known as one of the important cancers which is originated from cervix. This malignancy has been observed in women infected with papillomavirus who had regular oral contraceptives, multiple pregnancies and sexual relation. Early and fast cervical cancer diagnosis are known as two important aspects of cervical cancer therapy. Several investigations indicated that early and fast

AIM The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of flavonoids from stem and leaf of Scutellaria baicalonsis Georgi (SSF) on multi-sites phosphorylation of tau protein in cerebral cortex and hippocampus of rats induced by okadaic acid (OA) and the regulative mechanism of the protein kinases. METHODS The model of AD-like memory impairment and neuronal injuries was established in male SD

BACKGROUND Buyang Huanwu Tang (BYHWT) and relevant Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has its unique advantages in the treatment of cerebral ischemia. However, its pharmacological mechanism have not been fully explained. OBJECTIVE Base on the multi-component, also the entire disease network targets, the present study set out to identify major bioactive ingredients, key disease targets, and pathways

AIM AND OBJECTIVE Effect of two different modification methods for introducing Ni into ZSM-5 framework was investigated under high temperature synthesis conditions. The nickel successfully introduced into the MFI structures at different crystallization conditions to enhance the physicochemical properties and catalytic performance. MATERIALS AND METHODS A series of impregnated Ni/ZSM-5 and isomorphous

AIM AND OBJECTIVE Fast and accurate diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease is very important for the care and further treatment of patients. Along with the development of deep learning, impressive progress has also been made in the automatic diagnosis of AD. Most existing studies on automatic diagnosis are concerned with a single base network, whose accuracy for disease diagnosis still needs to be improved

BACKGROUND The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by a new strain (SARS-CoV-2) erupted in 2019. Nowadays, it is a great threat that claims uncountable lives worldwide. There is no specific chemotherapeutics developed yet to combat COVID-19. Therefore, scientists have been devoted in the quest of the medicine that can cure COVID- 19. OBJECTIVE Existing antivirals such as ASC09/ritonavir