Eimeriosis is a parasitic intestinal infection that affects the poultry industry; it is responsible for economic losses on a global scale. Objective: This study investigated the protective role of Morus nigra leaf extracts (ME) against Eimeria papillata infection in mice. Methods: C57Bl/6 mice were divided into six groups. The first group was gavaged daily with 100 μL 0.9 % NaCl. The second group was

OBJECTIVE Lingzhu San (LZS) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription which can be effective in treating febrile seizures (FS) and has few researches on the mechanisms. In order to better guide the clinical use of LZS, we used the research ideas and methods of network pharmacology to find the potential core compounds, targets and pathways of LZS in the complex TCM system for the treatment

BACKGROUND Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) and sirtuin 2 (Sirt2) are NAD+ -dependent histone deacetylases which play important functional roles in removal of the acetyl group of acetyl-lysine substrates. Considering the dysregulation of Sirt1 and Sirt2 as etiological causes of diseases, Sirt1 and Sirt2 are lucrative target proteins for treatment, thus there has been great interest in the development of Sirt1 and

BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that seriously affects the quality of life of elderly individuals. Regrettably, the pathological mechanism for OA has not yet been fully elucidated. This study is committed to distinguishing key genes and the underlying mechanisms for OA. Raw data was acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We identified differentially

BACKGROUND Novel Corona virus is a type of enveloped viruses with a single stranded RNA enclosing helical nucleocapsid. The envelope consists of spikes on the surface which are made up of proteins through which virus enters into human cells. Until now there is no specific drug or vaccine available to treat COVID-19 infection. In this scenario, reposting of drug or active molecules may provide rapid

OBJECTIVE Osteopontin (OPN), a phosphorylated sialoprotein, has been shown to overexpress in a variety of cancers and to contribute tumor progression and metastasis by increasing cell migration and adhesion. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the prognostic and predictive role of OPN in patients with advanced gastric cancer. METHODS A total of 42 consecutive chemonaive patients with advanced

BACKGROUND Rheum palmatum L． (RpL) is a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used in clinical. However, there was no systematic research to elucidate the mechanisms of RpL acting on COPD. OBJECTIVE To explore the potential mechanisms against COPD based on network pharmacology. METHOD The active compounds of RpL were retrieved from TCMSP database, and their corresponding targets were obtained through

The Alzheimer disease is a age related neurodegenerative disease. The factors causing alzheimer disease are numerous. Research on humans and rodent models predicted various causative factors involved in Alzheimer disease progression. Among them, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis play a major role because of accumulation of extracellular amyloid beta peptides. Here, the clearance of

BACKGROUND Depression is a mental illness caused by the imbalance of important neurotransmitters such as serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE). It is a serious neurological disorder that could be treated by antidepressant drugs. OBJECTIVE There are two major classes such as TCAs and phenoxyphenylpropylamines which have been proven to be broad-spectrum antidepressant compounds. Several attempts were

AIM AND OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicines for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis (PBCRBSM) in preventing deep venous thrombosis (DVT) after total hip arthroplasty (THA). MATERIALS AND METHODS The Databases were searched for studies comparing the preventive abilities of PBCRBSM and Western medicine, such as low molecular weight heparin (LMWH)

AIM AND OBJECTIVE Sequence analysis is one of the foundations in bioinformatics. It is widely used to find out the feature metric hidden in the sequence. Otherwise, the graphical representation of biologic sequence is an important tool for sequencing analysis. This study is undertaken to find out a new graphical representation of biosequences. MATERIALS AND METHODS The transition probability is used

BACKGROUND Bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are among the most common chronic diseases. Roflumilast is a novel, potent, selective, and long-acting phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE-4) inhibitor for the treatment of bronchial asthma and COPD. It has anti-inflammatory effects and it has been shown to reduce exacerbations and improve pulmonary function in patients with COPD. Although

Cervical malignancy is known as one of the important cancers which is originated from cervix. This malignancy has been observed in women infected with papillomavirus who had regular oral contraceptives, multiple pregnancies and sexual relation. Early and fast cervical cancer diagnosis are known as two important aspects of cervical cancer therapy. Several investigations indicated that early and fast

AIM The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of flavonoids from stem and leaf of Scutellaria baicalonsis Georgi (SSF) on multi-sites phosphorylation of tau protein in cerebral cortex and hippocampus of rats induced by okadaic acid (OA) and the regulative mechanism of the protein kinases. METHODS The model of AD-like memory impairment and neuronal injuries was established in male SD

BACKGROUND Buyang Huanwu Tang (BYHWT) and relevant Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has its unique advantages in the treatment of cerebral ischemia. However, its pharmacological mechanism have not been fully explained. OBJECTIVE Base on the multi-component, also the entire disease network targets, the present study set out to identify major bioactive ingredients, key disease targets, and pathways

AIM AND OBJECTIVE Effect of two different modification methods for introducing Ni into ZSM-5 framework was investigated under high temperature synthesis conditions. The nickel successfully introduced into the MFI structures at different crystallization conditions to enhance the physicochemical properties and catalytic performance. MATERIALS AND METHODS A series of impregnated Ni/ZSM-5 and isomorphous

AIM AND OBJECTIVE Fast and accurate diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease is very important for the care and further treatment of patients. Along with the development of deep learning, impressive progress has also been made in the automatic diagnosis of AD. Most existing studies on automatic diagnosis are concerned with a single base network, whose accuracy for disease diagnosis still needs to be improved

BACKGROUND The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by a new strain (SARS-CoV-2) erupted in 2019. Nowadays, it is a great threat that claims uncountable lives worldwide. There is no specific chemotherapeutics developed yet to combat COVID-19. Therefore, scientists have been devoted in the quest of the medicine that can cure COVID- 19. OBJECTIVE Existing antivirals such as ASC09/ritonavir

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), as a complementary and alternative therapy, has played increasingly important roles in clinical treatment and disease prevention. Zuogui Yin (ZGY) is one of the well-known TCM prescription used for the treatment of male infertility. To fully reveal the potential mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of ZGY on male infertility, a network pharmacology approach

AIM AND OBJECTIVE Cell death is a main pathological change in brain ischemia. Astragalus membranaceus (Ast) and ligustrazine (Lig), as traditional Chinese herbs, have a protective effect against ischemia-reperfusion injury.we aim to find whether the underlying protective mechanism of Astragalus membranaceus and ligustrazine against Oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) -induced injury in

AIMS AND OBJECTIVE In this work, the performance of sodalite membrane reactor (MR) in methanol to olefins (MTO) process was evaluated for ethylene and propylene production with in situ steam removal using 3-dimensional CFD (computational fluid dynamic) technique. METHODS The local information of component concentration for methanol, ethylene, propylene, and water was obtained by the proposed CFD model

BACKGROUND Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an arthropod-borne RNA virus which induces host endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by accumulating unfolded or misfolded proteins. ER stress activates the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway to enable proper protein folding and maintain cellular homeostasis. There is no approved drug or vaccine available for CHIKV treatment, therefore, a pharmacological countermeasure

BACKGROUND COVID-19, a pandemic respiratory contagious viral (SARS-CoV-2) disease associated with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Currently, there areno effective preventive or treatment strategies for COVID-19 and has been declared as a global health emergency by WHO. In silico molecular docking studies can be useful to predict the binding affinity between the phytocompound and the target

BACKGROUND Integrin αV, encoded by ITGAV gene is one of the most studied protein subunits, closely associated with liver, pancreatic and stomach cancer progression and metastasis via regulation of angiogenesis. Occurrence of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in cancer-associated proteins is a key determinant for varied susceptibility of an individual towards cancer. METHODOLOGY The study investigated

BACKGROUND Natural products constitute more than half of all biomolecules lately being used in clinical settings. Mannoprotein derived from the yeast cell wall has found full biotechnological applications. OBJECTIVE This study was intended to investigate antioxidant, anticancer, and toxicological properties of Kluyveromyces marxianus mannoprotein (KM). METHODS The KM extract was obtained through a

AIM AND OBJECTIVE At present, the world is facing a global pandemic threat of SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19 and till date, there are no clinically approved vaccines or antiviral drugs available for the treatment of coronavirus infections. Studies conducted in China recommended the use of liquorice (Glycyrrhiza species), an integral medicinal herb of traditional Chinese medicine in the deactivation of COVID-19

AIMS To predict potential drugs for COVID-19 by using molecular docking for virtual screening of drugs approved for other clinical applications. BACKGROUND SARS-CoV-2 is the betacoronavirus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. It was listed as a potential global health threat by WHO due to high mortality, high basic reproduction number and lack of clinically approved drugs and vaccines for COVID-19

BACKGROUND With increasing applications and development of high-throughput sequencing, knowledge of the primary structure of RNA has expanded exponentially. Moreover, the function of RNA is determined by the secondary or higher RNA structure, and similar structures are related to similar functions, such as the secondary clover structure of tRNA. Therefore, RNA structure alignment is an important subject

BACKGROUND Natural Phytoestrogens present in plants are effective hormonal replacement therapy. They are converted to estrogenic substances in the gastrointestinal tract which is considered as the natural alternative to estrogen substitute treatment for postmenopausal women. AIM AND OBJECTIVE Salvia officinalis, a herb traditionally used to ameliorate postmenopausal complications, can provide a safe

BACKGROUND Lung cancer is one of the malignancies exhibiting the fastest increase in morbidity and mortality, but the cause is not clearly understood. The goal of this investigation was to screen and identify relevant biomarkers of lung cancer. METHODS Publicly available lung cancer data sets, including GSE40275 and GSE134381, were obtained from the GEO database. The repeatability test for data was

AIM AND OBJECTIVE Calculus Bovis (CB) has been employed to treat diseases for a long time. It has been identified to play significant anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor roles. However, the mechanism of treating primary liver cancer (PLC) remains to be revealed. This study aims to clarify the molecules and mechanisms of CB in treating PLC. MATERIALS AND METHODS After oral bioavailability (OB) and drug-likeness

BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is associated with activation of liver fibrogenesis and predisposes to cirrhosis and associated morbi-mortality. A high fat high cholesterol diet (HFD) was provided to female albino rats to establish a NASH model. It is well known that the offspring of obese mothers have an increased risk of obesity and diabetes. The present study aimed at evaluating the

BACKGROUND One of the principal factors in the field of research in green chemistry is to drive chemical reactions under ultrasonication as a versatile synthetic tool. Moreover, nanostructured metal salts occupy an important position as low cost, efficient, heterogeneous, and green catalysts in chemical reactions. Pyrimidine has also acquired significance because it is a core structure in a variety

BACKGROUND Phytonutrients in peach fruits have health promoting antioxidants against various chronic diseases. However, there is no extensive data to show the nutritional values of Local peach cultivars after post-harvest treatments. OBJECTIVE Mainly this study was objective to determine the effect of calcium carbide on nutritional value and quality of fruits of Pakistani peach cultivars. METHODS The

BACKGROUND Complications are the main cause of the disease burden of diabetes. Genes determining the development and progression of complications remain to be identified. Diabetic neuropathy is the most common and debilitating complication and mainly affects the nerves of legs and feet. In this study, we attempted to identify diabetic neuropathy-specific genes from reliable large-scale genome-wide

AIM AND OBJECTIVE Maxingyigan (MXYG) decoction is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription. However, how MXYG acts against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is not known. We investigated the active ingredients and the therapeutic targets of MXYG decoction against COVID-19. METHODS A network pharmacology strategy involving drug-likeness evaluation, prediction of oral bioavailability, network

BACKGROUND Tumor heterogeneity imposes great challenges on cancer treatment. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a primary factor in initiating tumor occurrence. However, the mechanisms stem cells in the growth of thyroid cancer (TCHA) are still unclear. METHODS Key genes regulating the stemness characteristics of THCA were identified by combining gene expressions of samples from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)

BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRs) have been shown to play important roles in various cancers and may be a reliable prognostic marker. However, its prognostic value in endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) needs to be further explored. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to create a miR-based signature to effectively predict the prognosis for patients with uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC). METHOD Using

BACKGROUND As a well-known herb used in the treatment of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD), Spica Prunellae (SP) shows favorable clinical effect and safety in China for many years, but its active ingredients and therapeutic mechanisms against COAD remain poorly understood. Therefore, this study aims to uncover active ingredients and mechanism of SP in the treatment of COAD using a combined approach of network

BACKGROUND Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic threatens patients, societies and healthcare systems around the world. There is an emergent need to search for possible medications. OBJECTIVE This article intends to use virtual screening and molecular docking methods to find potential inhibitors that can respond to COVID-19 from existing drugs. METHODS To tack part in the current research investigation

BACKGROUND Endometrial cancer (EC) is a common gynecological malignancy worldwide. Immunity is closely related to occurrence and prognosis of EC. At the same time, immune-related genes have great potential as prognostic mark-ers in many types of cancer. OBJECTIVE Therefore, we attempts to develop immune-related gene markers to enhance prognosis prediction of EC. METHODS 542 samples of EC gene expression

BACKGROUND Cervical cancer (CESC), which threatens the health of women, has a very high recurrence rate. PURPOSES This study aimed to identify the signature long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) associated with the prognosis of CESC and predict the prognostic survival rate with the clinical risk factors. METHODS The CESC gene expression profiling data were downloaded from TCGA database and NCBI Gene Expression

AIMS AND OBJECTIVE Sleep bruxism is a complicated disease, and its cause remains controversial.If the aetiology of bruxism is resolved, the treatment can be adjusted to the prevailing aetiological factor.Thus,the aim of this study was to evaluate the oxidative stress level and serum prolidase activity in patients with sleep bruxism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy healthy subjects and 51 patients with

BACKGROUND Multi-functional design of ligands emerged as new drug design paradigm of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Given the complexity of AD, the molecules showing dual inhibition of monoamine oxidase (MAO) and acetylcho- linesterase (AChE) with neuroprotective properties could prevent the progressive neural degeneration effectively. MATERIALS AND METHODS Numerous studies documented that chalcone is a

The alkyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid at the C-4 position, "the parabens," including methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl, are widely used as antimicrobial preservatives in foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Official regulations on the use of these compounds make their analysis essential for the estimation of their exposure. On this basis, the presented study was realized to develop a simple, selective

The emergence of drug-resistant strains among the variety of pathogens worsens the situation in today's scenario. In such a situation, there is a very heavy demand for developing the new antibiotics has arisen, but unfortunately, very lim- ited success has been achieved in this arena till now. Infectious diseases usually make their impression in the form of severe pathology. Intracellular pathogens

Since the high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) molecule had been recognized as a pro-inflammatory cytokine, which mediates endotoxin lethality of mice; there have been lots of papers about targeting the HMGB1 within the contexts of infection, inflammation, and cancer. The pathogenic impact of HMGB1 to the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and disease management with herbal formulations targeting

OBJECTIVE The electrochemical analysis of ephedrine which is a sympathometric drug has been studied using poly(Nile blue A) modified glassy carbon electrodes using cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry and square wave voltammetry. METHODS The modified electrodes were prepared by potential cycling electropolymerization of Nile blue A in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution at pH 6.0. The redox

In the present study, SAPO-34 particles were synthesized using hydrothermal (HT) and dry gel (DG) conversion methods in the presence of diethyl amine (DEA) as an organic structure directing agent (SDA). Carbon nanotubes (CNT) were used as hard template in the synthesis procedure to introduce transport pores into the structures of the synthesized samples. The synthesized samples were characterized with

BACKGROUND Pollen and propolis are two bee products with highly health promoting properties. But there are some limitations of raw propolis usage not only in daily consumption but also in putting it in food formulations. Propolis should be extracted to convert it into consumable form and ethanol is the first choice as a solvent. But ethanol consumption, either in health-wise or religion aspect, is

BACKGROUND Allergic rhinitis, acute nasal congestion and sinusitis are one of the most common health problems and have a major effect on the quality of life. Several medications are used to improve the symptoms of such diseases in humans. Pharmaceutical pomade form containing Ephedrine (EPD) HCl, Naphazoline (NPZ) HCl, Antazoline (ANT) HCl and Chlorobutanol (CLO) is one of them. OBJECTIVE For these

BACKGROUND Hydrocephalus, a common brain disorder in children, can cause permanent brain damage. A timely diagnosis of this disorder is crucial. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of S-100, CK-18, and NSE brain-specific proteins in patients with hydrocephalus. We examined the levels of these proteins in the blood samples of hydrocephalic patients. METHODS The study was conducted

AIM The present study explored the clinical significance of microRNA-22 (miR-22) expression in lung squamous cell carcinoma and to explore the targeting relationship with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR3). METHODS A total of 49 patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma who underwent surgical treatment was selected. The expression of miR-22 was detected by fluorescence quantitative

AIM AND OBJECTIVES Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, fungal pathogen it causes late blight, which results in devastating economic loss among the Solanaceae. The bacillus lipopeptides shows the antagonistic activity against the many plant pathogens, among bacillus lipopeptides Iturin A reported as the antifungal gene. Hence, to understand the in silico antifungal activity, we have selected gene

BACKGROUND Ethylene, propylene, and butylene as light olefins are the most important intermediates in the petrochemical industry worldwide. Methanol to olefins (MTO) process is a new technology based on catalytic cracking to produce ethylene and propylene from methanol. AIMS AND OBJECTIVE This study aims to simulate the process of producing ethylene from methanol by using Aspen HYSYS software from

BACKGROUND Sulfur-(SM) and nitrogen (NM)-based mustards are mutagenic incapacitating compounds that are widely used in vesicating chemical warfare and cause toxicity in many organs especially skin. SM, as a potent vesicating agent, contributes to the destruction of skin in dermis and epidermis layers. The progression of lesion is dependent on the concentration of SM and duration of exposure. Body responses

BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus type-II is a major health problem characterized by hypo-insulinemia and insulin resistance; leading to hyperglycemia and its complications. In Unani medicine, it is known as ziyābetus. Several drugs are prescribed in Unani medicine as single and compound formulations for this disease. Most of these drugs have been studied on scientific parameters and shown significant activity

BACKGROUND The identification of Fructus Crataegi processed products manually is inefficient and unreliable. Therefore, how to identify the Fructus Crataegis processed products efficiently is important. OBJECTIVE In order to efficiently identify Fructus Grataegis processed products with different odor characteristics, a new method based on an electronic nose and convolutional neural network is proposed

AIM AND OBJECTIVE Lung nodule detection is critical in improving the five-year survival rate and reducing mortality for patients with lung cancer. Numerous methods based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been proposed for lung nodule detection in computed tomography (CT) images. With the collaborative development of computer hardware technology, the detection accuracy and efficiency can