Safe-by-design is an essential component for creating awareness of the potential novel risks associated with the introduction of sophisticated nanomaterials (NMs) with novel properties. SbD is also a useful tool for meeting EU policy ambitions such as the European Green Deal which includes circular economy and moving towards a zero pollution (pollution-free) environment. Unidentified risks are a growing

With the rapid global spread of the new coronavirus and risk of pneumonia from COVID-19 infection, wearing a mask has become an essential defense for all frontline doctors, nurses, and healthcare professionals. Plus, the rise in demand for masks from the general public means the worldwide supply of masks is insufficient, which has led to an increase in the reuse of disposable masks. Therefore, this

Titanium dioxide is widely used as a food additive (E 171), 36% of its composition is nanoparticles. Existing studies have found oral toxic effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) on several organs and systems in vivo. Thus, TiO2 NPs may affect the whole body through the internal circulation system. To explore the adverse effect on serum after subchronic exposure to TiO2 NPs, we examined

Precise prediction of airborne carbon nanotube (CNT) filtration and deposition in the lung is of significant importance to find proper control media and to perform exposure assessment to quantify the toxicity for emitted airborne CNTs. We executed a systematic study in order to evaluate the inhalation exposure of inhaled single standing airborne multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and CNT agglomerates

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are known to enter the aquatic environment via leachates from landfills or by the effluent or sludge of sewage treatment plants. Even if the AgNPs are sulfidized, Ag from these particles was shown to still be available to several species like the benthic freshwater amphipod Hyalella azteca. However, it is still unknown if the primary uptake of Ag from these particles occurs

Due to their increased production and commercial applications, capped silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have inevitably found their way into aquatic ecosystems. The mobility (fate/transport), bioavailability, reactivity, and toxicity of capped AgNPs are highly influenced by their colloidal stability. This study investigated the aggregation kinetics and interfacial interactions of tannic acid (TA)-coated

Due to the special properties of electrospun nanofibers such as high surface area and porosity, ease of surface functionalization, low pressure drop, suitable mechanical strength, their application in the fabrication of air purifying filtration media has increased dramatically in the recent years. The release of nanomaterials from electrospun nanofibers and human exposure to these substances is one

Effective in silico methods to predict protein corona compositions on engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) could help elucidate the biological outcomes of ENMs in biosystems without the need for conducting lengthy experiments for corona characterization. However, the physicochemical properties of ENMs, used as the descriptors in current modeling methods, are insufficient to represent the complex interactions

Ocular exposure to metal oxide engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) is common as exemplified by zinc oxide (ZnO), a major constituent of sunscreens and cosmetics. The ocular surface that includes the transparent cornea and its protective tear film are common sites of exposure for metal ENMs. Despite the frequency of exposure of the ocular surface, there is a knowledge gap regarding the effects of metal

The antimicrobial properties of silver nanomaterials (AgNM) have been exploited in various consumer applications, including textiles such as wound dressings. Understanding how these materials chemically transform throughout their use is necessary to predict their efficacy during use and their behavior after disposal. The aim of this work was to evaluate chemical and physical transformations to a commercial

Food matrix effects impact the bioavailability and toxicity of pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, pesticides, and engineered nanomaterials (ENMs). However, there are currently no standardized food models to test the impact of food matrix effects using in vitro gastrointestinal models. The purpose of this study was to establish a standardized food model (SFM) for evaluating the toxicity and fate of ingested

The industrial use and widespread application of carbon-based nanomaterials have caused a rapid increase in their production over the last decades. However, toxicity of these materials is not fully known and is still being investigated for potential human and ecological health risks. Detecting carbon-based nanomaterials in the environment using current analytical methods is problematic, making environmental

Legislation addressing environmental, health and safety aspects of nanomaterials in consumer products and ensuring their safe use is being continuously updated in the European Union and globally. This leads to a growing need for tools to implement this developing legislation. A freely accessible inventory of ready-to-use and publicly available tools that together cover the tasks within a nanomaterial

The effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2-NPs) on 15N/14N ratio (δ15N) in wheat and barley were investigated. Seedlings were exposed to 0 and 500 mg CeO2-NPs/L (Ce-0 and Ce-500, respectively) in hydroponic suspension supplied with NH4NO3, NH4 +, or NO3 -. N uptake and δ15N discrimination (i.e. differences in δ15N of plant and δ15N of N source) were measured. Results showed that N content and

Many groups within the broad field of nanoinformatics are already developing data repositories and analytical tools driven by their individual organizational goals. Integrating these data resources across disciplines and with non-nanotechnology resources can support multiple objectives by enabling the reuse of the same information. Integration can also serve as the impetus for novel scientific discoveries

The rapid development of modern nanotechnology has resulted in nanomaterial being use in nearly all applications of life, raising the potential risk of nanomaterial exposure alongside the need to design safe and effective materials. Previous work has demonstrated a specific effect of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) of approximately 20 nm on endothelial barrier function in vitro. To expand our understanding

There is a growing need to develop and characterize reference metal and metal oxide engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) of high purity and tunable intrinsic properties suitable for nanotoxicology research. Here a high throughput (volume) and precision flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) approach coupled with state-of-the-art characterization techniques are utilized to generate such reference ENMs. The lab-based

Typical in vitro assays used for high throughput toxicological screening and measuring nano-bio interactions are conducted by pipetting suspensions of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) dispersed in nutrient-rich culture media directly onto cells. In order to achieve fairly monodisperse and stable suspensions of small agglomerates, ultrasonic energy is usually applied to break apart large agglomerates

Nano-enabled thermoplastics are part of the growing market of nano-enabled products (NEPs) that have vast utility in several industries and consumer goods. The use and disposal of NEPs at their end of life has raised concerns about the potential release of constituent engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) during thermal decomposition and their impact on environmental health and safety. To investigate this

The unique properties of single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) make them viable candidates for versatile implementation in the next generation of biomedical devices for targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic agents or cellular-sensing probes. Such implementation requires user-tailored changes in SWCNT's physicochemical characteristics to allow for efficient cellular integration while maintaining nanotubes'

Nano-fillers are increasingly incorporated into polymeric materials to improve the mechanical, barrier or other matrix properties of nanocomposites used for consumer and industrial applications. However, over the life cycle, these nanocomposites could degrade due to exposure to environmental conditions, resulting in the release of embedded nanomaterials from the polymer matrix into the environment

Nanotechnology risk management strategies and environmental regulations continue to rely on hazard and exposure assessment protocols developed for bulk materials, including larger size particles, while commercial application of nanomaterials (NMs) increases. In order to support and corroborate risk assessment of NMs for workers, consumers, and the environment it is crucial to establish the impact of

Ingestion of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles from products such as agricultural chemicals, processed food, and nutritional supplements is nearly unavoidable. The gastrointestinal tract serves as a critical interface between the body and the external environment, and is the site of essential nutrient absorption. The goal of this study was to examine the effects of ingesting the 30 nm TiO2 nanoparticles

Incorporation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in toothpaste, food containers, dietary supplements and other consumer products can result in oral exposure to AgNPs and/or silver ions (Ag+) released from the surface of AgNPs. To examine whether ingestion of AgNPs or Ag+ results in genotoxic damage and whether AgNP coatings modulate the effect, we exposed mice orally to 20 nm citrate-coated AgNPs, polyvinylpyrrolidone

It has been demonstrated that certain engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) could induce chronic lung inflammation and fibrosis, however, the key structure activity relationships (SARs) that the link the physicochemical properties and the fibrogenic effects have not been thoroughly reviewed. Recently, significant progress has been made in our understanding of the SAR, and it has been demonstrated that ENMs

With rapid development of novel nanotechnologies that incorporate engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) into manufactured products, long-term, low dose ENM exposures in occupational settings is forecasted to occur with potential adverse outcomes to human health. Few ENM human health risk assessment efforts have evaluated tumorigenic potential of ENMs. Two widely used nano-scaled metal oxides (NMOs), cerium

Welding fume is a complex mixture of different potentially cytotoxic and genotoxic metals, such as chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), and iron (Fe). Documented health effects have been observed in workers exposed to welding fume. The objective of the study was to use an animal model to identify potential biomarkers of epigenetic changes (e.g., changes in telomere length, DNA methylation) in

Many foods contain appreciable levels of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) (diameter < 100 nm) that may be either intentionally or unintentionally added. These ENMs vary considerably in their compositions, dimensions, morphologies, physicochemical properties, and biological responses. From a toxicological point of view, it is often convenient to classify ingested ENMs (iENMs) as being either inorganic

Increasing use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) means increased human exposures. Potential adverse effects include those on the immune system, ranging from direct toxicity to impairment of defenses against environmental pathogens and toxins. Effects on lung macrophages may be especially prominent, because they serve to clear foreign materials like ENMs and bacterial pathogens. We investigated the

The surface chemistry of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) becomes more important as their size decreases and enters the nanometer-range. This review explains the fundamental properties of the surface chemistry of nanoparticles, and argues that their agglomeration and the formation of corona around them are natural processes that reduce surface energy. ENP agglomeration and surface corona formation are

Incorporation of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) into toners used in laser printers has led to countless quality and performance improvements. However, the release of ENMs during printing (consumer use) has raised concerns about their potential adverse health effects. The aim of this study was to use "real world" printer-emitted particles (PEPs), rather than raw toner powder, and assess the pulmonary

Exposure to multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) is suspected to contribute to pulmonary fibrosis through modulation of transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-β1). There is growing evidence that estrogen signaling is important in pulmonary function and modulates pro-fibrogenic signaling in multiple models of pulmonary fibrosis, however an interaction between MWCNT exposure and estrogen signaling in