We have synthesized with and without graphene quantum dots (GQDs) supported Molybdenum sulfide (Mo3S4/GQDs) by the hydrothermal route and examined the effect on electrochemical and dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) performance. The crystalline structure and composition are elucidated by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. The synthesized samples show a spherical nature

Changes in photoluminescence (PL) peak width and quantum yield (PLQY) with halide composition were compared for CsPb(Br1−x I x )3 nanocrystals (NCs) prepared by hot-injection and ion-exchange methods. The hot-injection method produced single-phase cubic CsPb(Br1−x I x )3 NCs for each iodide ratio. In contrast, a small amount of orthorhombic phase was observed at higher x for NCs prepared by the ion-exchange

CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals (mainly nanoplatelet morphology) have attracted attention due to their promising applications in optoelectronic devices. However, ultraviolet (UV) light exposure to these materials is one of the major factors for the degradation of halide perovskite nanocrystals, which needs to be studied to improve stability and boost performance. In this study, we synthesized CsPbBr3

A discussion is given on 3d 3 (Mn4+, Cr3+)-ion luminescence properties in various host materials in connection with inelastic light scattering spectroscopy such as Raman and Brillouin scattering. It is shown that the 2 E g → 4 A 2g luminescence for the intra-3d 3-shell electrons can be formulated in a form that is quite equivalent to the inelastic light scattering. A comparison of some 2 E g → 4 A

We have investigated the performance of AlGaInP-based red micro-light-emitting diodes (micro-LEDs) with different n-type contact schemes as functions of current, ambient temperature, and chip size. The samples with AuGe/Ni/Au contact revealed wider full width at half maximum of electroluminescence than that with the Pd/Ge contact. All samples also exhibited broad peaks at wavelengths between ∼632 and

The influence of Dysprosium (Dy) doping on the structure, dielectric and optical properties of the BaTiO3 system has been investigated in the manuscript. The solid-state reaction method was employed to prepare ceramics with compositions of Ba1−xDy2x/3TiO3 (x = 0.0, 0.01, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, and 0.1). X-ray diffraction (XRD) structural analysis was carried out, showing complete dissemination of Dysprosium

Yttrium-doped Sb phase change thin films were prepared by magnetron sputtering and the in-situ resistance temperature measurement system was used to study the process of phase change thin films. With the addition of yttrium atoms, the crystallization temperature of Sb thin film increases, indicating improvement of their thermal stability and data retention ability. Furthermore, yttrium-doped Sb thin

The influence of hydrogenation on boron carbon nitride (BCN) thin films was investigated for low-k dielectric applications. The BCN thin films were deposited using radio-frequency magnetron sputtering in hydrogen, nitrogen, and argon ambiance. The hydrogen/nitrogen reactive gas flow was varied from 0/10 to 10/10 to achieve a varying range of hydrogen doping. Elemental composition and chemical bonding

The effect of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) decorated with ZnONPs on the rheological and filtration properties of conventional water-based drilling muds (WBDM) was investigated. ZnONPs and MWCNTs were synthesized separately, then MWCNTs were decorated with ZnONPs by chemical vapor deposition method and characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Synthesized

Tin-based binary chalcogenide semiconductors SnSe and SnS have created increased interest in the production of earth-abundant and eco-friendly thin film solar cells. Thin films of SnSe were prepared on glass substrates at different temperatures via a nebulized spray pyrolysis technique using Stannous chlroride dihydrate and Se powder. Deposited films were characterized by structural, morphological

In the present work, the incorporation of Li in a wurtzite ZnO host synthesized through a chemical route has been studied experimentally. Starting with Yoshio’s model, [K. Yoshio, A. Onodera, H. Satoh, N. Sakagami and H. Yamashita, Ferroelectrics, 264, 133 (2001)] structural refinement of the powder diffraction data suggests that Li has a mixed occupancy at both the substitutional 2b (≈1.2%) and interstitial

Two new robust quaternary half adder (QHA) circuits (one single source and one multiple sources) are proposed in this work for low power applications. The proposed circuits are designed in hybrid fashion based on three types of quaternary inverter circuits and compared with recently proposed existing models in terms of number of supplies, power dissipation, delay, power-delay product (PDP) and transistor

Temperature dependence of emission properties of sharp, zero-phonon line (ZPL) associated with 4T1g →6A1g transition of Mn2+ ions doped in LiMgPO4 is studied, together with the Mn2+-concentration dependence. The ZPL is observed at 611.8 nm at temperatures below 120 K. The intensity relative to the intensity of superimposed phonon sidebands is increased in proportion to T2 with increasing temperature

With less heat emission, longer lifetime, and high energy yield, light-emitting Diodes (LEDs) have been studied as a substitute for conventional light sources. Following various studies developing LED components based on semiconductors, organic materials, and polymers, LEDs based on a new class of materials called metal organic frameworks (MOFs) has been reported. Due to high tunability and multifunctionality

As the output of solid-state lighting and light sources increases, the demand for transparent phosphor inorganic plates with excellent heat resistance is increasing. It is known that α-SiAlON, which has excellent heat resistance as engineering ceramics, shows photoluminescence by stabilized ions, but it is not possible to obtain α-SiAlON bulk single crystals. In this study, we fabricated transparent

We used theoretical and computational methods to explore the double perovskites Cs2YInX6 (X = Cl, Br, I) by having the scope and goal of finding their physical aspects and characteristic. To properly explain different phenomenological features of density functional theory (DFT), the ab-initio computational model based on the approximation of full-potential augmented plane wave plus local orbitals (FP-LAPW+lo)

In this study, a resistive random-access memory (RRAM) with a metal-insulator-metal structure was fabricated on polyimide substrates with different thicknesses, and the insulating layer was deposited with zinc oxide material by the sol-gel method. The electrical properties of the RRAM devices were evaluated using bending tests. In the bending tests, the operating electric field increased and the retention

Restricting polishing induced subsurface damage and obtaining super smooth surfaces are important in high quality laser systems. Here, experiments and theoretical simulations are combined to investigate correlations among particle size distribution, subsurface damage distribution, and surface roughness evolution in the optical polishing process. This reveals that the fraction of observable subsurface

A facile and rapid hydrothermal route is used to synthesize the reduced graphene oxide (rGO) using polyethyleneimine (PEI) as a reducing agent. Structural and morphological studies confirm the degree of reduction, which is also verified by Raman analysis. Synthesized rGO has a nanosheet-like structure with wrinkles and folded regions. Hall measurements were taken at room temperature and measured its

We synthesized PANI thin films by chemical oxidative polymerization technique using aniline monomer, oxidizing agent, and dopant acid. The effect of different oxidizing agents such as ammonium dichromate (ADC), chloroauric acid (CAA), and potassium permanganate (PPM) on the properties of PANI was investigated. The as-prepared PANI colloids were thoroughly characterized using a range of characterization

In this study, three difluoroboron dibenzoylmethane compounds that have substituents at the peripheral phenyl groups varying from electron-withdrawing to electron-donating, BF 2 dbm-F, BF 2 dbm-H, and BF 2 dbm-OMe, were prepared. The photophysical and electrochemical properties of these compounds, along with density functional theory and time-dependent density functional theory calculations, were systematically

We have investigated the in situ doping of GeSn with Ge2H6, SnCl4, B2H6 (p-type) or PH3 (n-type) at 349 C, 100 Torr on Ge Strain-relaxed Buffers, themselves on Si(001) substrates. Our aim was to replace the boron and phosphorous doped Ge layers used in previous pin structures with GeSn:B and GeSn:P. The Sn content from Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (WDXRF) was constant around 6.5% for low

This work investigates the consequences of various exchange correlations on brookite titanium dioxide’s (TiO2) structural, electronic, and optical properties. For the first time, statistical analysis of the obtained result compared to experimental data is done to find the best methods for numerous properties. It provides an in-depth study on brookite TiO2 by implementing OLCAODFTLBFGS algorithms along

The possibility of modeling microparticles of various alloys of interest through an electric field of medium and high intensity is considered in order to obtain in a straight way the surface tension near the melting point. To this end, a new method for the fabrication of microparticles by spark machining is used as an experimental framework for this study. We explicitly show, using a simple model based

We report the synthesis of novel titanium dioxide nanotube arrays (TNAs) via an anodization process using five different kinds of titanium foils as working electrodes. This reveals that the morphology of TNAs in impacted by the purity, conductivity, and mechanical properties of the titanium sheets. Under the same electrochemical conditions, when titanium foil with purity of 99.7% was used as the working

A nanoscaled copper (Cu) line is subject to aggravated electromigration after prolonged use, and thus the use of ultrathin barrier/capping layer without degrading its electrical properties is increasingly needed. The aim of this study is to investigate the electromigration resistance of Cu interconnect strengthened by a self-assembled monolayer of (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane (APTMS-SAM) and to

To investigate the effect of implantation temperature on the damage to a Si lattice, room temperature photoluminescence (PL) spectra were measured from highly-channeled MeV 11B+ implanted Si wafers with different implant temperatures (25 C and 450 C) after annealing at 950 C for 3 min in N2. Small pieces from the wafers were used for PL characterization. The implanted Si wafer piece at the elevated

We researched the reduction of leakage current by Al doping in TiO2 thin film. During the TiO2 thin film deposition process, Al2O3 thin film deposition was used for Al doping. XPS analysis showed that the greater the amount of Al doping in TiO2 thin film, the fewer oxygen vacancies were found. The n-type characteristic of TiO2 thin films is reduced as oxygen vacancies are reduced. An anatase (211)

We study the thermal conductivity of a spin-1/2 two-dimensional anisotropic antiferromagnet on honeycomb lattice in the presence of antiferromagnetic long range ordering. The conductivity has been studied along zigzag direction. Next nearest neighbor exchange coupling has been added to the model Hamiltonian. The possible effects of spin-orbit coupling are investigated by adding Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya

Growth of TiO2 quantum dot thin films on ITO glass substrate by hydrothermal method at 180 C with variations of titanium precursor concentration (0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 1 ml) is reported. UV–vis absorption spectrum shows a strong absorbance peak in the UV region. The bandgap of samples ranged from 3.2 to 3.6 eV. FESEM analysis shows a layered sieve-like porous morphological structure. The particle size

The combined effects of magnetic and intense laser fields on the properties of the ground state exciton in semimagnetic Cd0.7Mn0.3Te/CdTe Core/Shell Nanostructure (CSN) are analyzed using the variational method in the effective mass approximation. The magnetic field of 5 to 20 T, a laser with the frequency of 10 THz and its intensity ranging from 0.44 to 7.11 μW nm−2 are considered as external perturbing

We have investigated the photoelectrochemical influence of quasi-solid-state electrolytes based on tailored ZnO nanostructures and mesoporous carbon electrocatalyst in the solar conversion performance of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Tailored ZnO nanostructures with rod-shaped petals (ZnO nanorod) and almond-shaped petals (ZnO nanoalmond), were prepared using the hydrothermal method, respectively

Transition metal phosphides are perceived to be excellent electrocatalysts and have gradually become the primary candidates for highly efficient energy conversion devices. Coral-like Ni2P-Ni5P4 polymorphs with observable heterointerfaces were synthesized via hydrothermal method followed by low-temperature phosphidation. The phase structures and the electronic interaction of the heterointerfaces have

Temperature dependence of the radiative lifetime of Mn4+ 2 E g→4 A 2g luminescence in oxides and complex fluorides is reviewed. Unlike other phosphors, where a decrease in lifetime with increasing temperature was due to thermal quenching (TQ), here the decrease in lifetime of Mn4+ 2 E g→4 A 2g luminescence in complex fluorides occurred at low temperatures where luminescence TQ had not occurred. Various

Hermetic sealing is important regarding functionality and reliability for MEMS components. Typically this sealing is done at the wafer level using wafer bonding, which simultaneously provides mechanical protective caps. Here, a universally usable MEMS Foundry technology for inertial sensors and the glass frit bonding to seal them are introduced. A test structure for inner cavity pressure measurement

Selective growth and micropatterning through a water lift-off (WLO) process utilizing a sacrificial amorphous CaO (a-CaO) layer were demonstrated to fabricate hetero-epitaxial all-oxides film capacitors. Patterned Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) and SrRuO3 (SRO) films were grown on (100) SrTiO3 (STO) substrate by pulsed laser deposition, and the subsequent lift-off process for target oxides was carried out using

Indispensable modification of cellulose has been carried out to produce cyanoethyl cellulose (CEC) to overcome the obstacles of the direct use of cellulose as film form rather than enhancing its physicochemical properties. Barium titanate (BTO) and/or graphene oxide (GO) were used as fillers in the cyanoethyl cellulose matrix to form films of different composite, CEC/GO, CEC/BTO, and CEC/GO/BTO films

Perovskite solid solutions of SrTi(Cu1/3Nb2/3)O3 (STCN) modified 0.8Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3−0.2Bi0.5K0.5TiO3 (BNT-BKT) in the vicinity of morphotropic phase boundary composition were prepared. The dielectric and impedance properties associated with their structural evolution were investigated. Strong unsteadiness and large hysteresis (dielectric loss) under elevated temperature and variational frequency restrict

HfO2 shows the monoclinic phase at room temperature (RT), whereas the technologically important high-k tetragonal and cubic phases are observed at ∼1700 C and 2600 C, respectively. Herein, we reveal that the high-temperature cubic phase of HfO2 is stabilized at RT after incorporating Dy and Sm codopant total concentration up to 13 at%. Below 13 at%, the monoclinic and cubic phases coexist, evidenced

Due to advancements in device scaling in very-large-scale integration (VLSI) technology, signal integrity (SI) issues play a major role to determining the performance of on-chip interconnects in high-speed digital circuits. The main SI issues are delays, peak voltage noise effects, crosstalk, and timing uncertainties. Here, the SI issues of the coupled multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) on-chip interconnects

InGaN light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with InGaN/GaN/InGaN triangular (IGIT) barriers were designed and investigated on a theoretical basis. The carrier concentration and radiative recombination rate distribution in multiple quantum wells, energy band diagrams, light output power–current–voltage performance curves, and internal quantum efficiency of the LEDs with IGIT barriers were studied. The simulations

Morphological information has been obtained using the strong near-infrared photoluminescence emitted by germanium (Ge) nanocrystals (NCs) coherently imbedded in SiGe alloy layers, grown by molecular beam epitaxy on Si substrates. The emission spectra are analyzed for the effects of strain, carrier confinement, and disorder over a wide range of Ge concentrations in the surrounding SiGe medium. This

Fused silica (FS) has been widely applied in astronomical telescopes, laser systems, and optical communication. The excellent fabrication of a fused silica surface requires high efficiency and high smoothness. Here, based on the ceria slurry and the pitch lap, the study of chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) of FS surface was carried out. The variations of the polishing removal rate (RR) and polished

Brush scrubbing is commonly employed for cleaning contaminated polished wafers, especially after chemical mechanical polishing. Here we report the results from real-time video imaging of the brush cleaning of ∼90 nm ceria particles from thin oxide films on transparent glass substrates using evanescent wave microscopy to identify the interactions among the particles, brush, film and cleaning liquid

The evolution of wearable technology with energy harvesting has gathered significant interest in recent years. A wearable thermoelectric device (WTED) harvests energy by tapping the electricity between the human body and ambient temperature. However, the performances of WTED modules can be improved by different p-n structural engineering such as with and without metallic layer insert, inverted L shape

Thanks to the unique sharp red emission spectra and broadband excitation, Mn4+ ions activated oxide host matrixes exhibit fascinating potential application in white light-emitting diodes (wLEDs). In this work, Mn4+ activated LaGaO3 with a perovskite structure were successfully synthesized via a solid state reaction, which exhibits a near infrared (NIR) emission with high brightness, locating around

Two new templates for strain-relaxed detachable Ge are introduced. The first one is based on epitaxial growth of Ge on a Si-on-Nothing (SiON) platform while the second consists of Ge-on-Nothing (GeON). The SiON and GeON templates are obtained from the reorganization of macro-porous Si and Ge, respectively, fabricated on regular Si substrates using conventional lithography, dry-etching and annealing

Personalized cooling can provide comfort on the go and ultimately consume a fraction of the energy consumed by traditional space cooling techniques. Thermoelectric cooling (TEC) has emerged as a promising technology that can help us achieve personalized thermoregulation, but there is a lack of realization and application of flexible thermoelectric cooling modules for wearable applications. To promote

The trends in electronic structure of Bi3+ and Bi2+ as luminescent dopant in wide bandgap inorganic compounds and that of pure Bi-compounds for photocatalytic splitting of water are explored by determination of vacuum referred electron binding energies. Spectroscopic data combined with the chemical shift model from the luminescence field and data on flatband potentials in electrochemistry provide most

One of the most appealing aspects of photonic crystal structures is the photonic bandgap created in structures with sufficiently high dielectric contrasts between constituent materials. Periodic structures with a modest dielectric contrast between high and low index regions instead form a photonic stopband; the photonic stopband is linked to the principal diffraction resonance from the (111) crystal

Magnesium deficient Li-doped MgO nanostructures were fabricated by hydrothermal method to investigate their structural, electronic, and magnetic properties. X-ray diffraction study confirms the single-phase crystallinity and changing the Li concentration (2%, 4% & 6%) in the host matrix of MgO induced strain and increased the crystallite size. Field-effect scanning electron microscopy images show the

Graphene oxide (GO) has been used as an effective dye effluent adsorbent and it is used for an effective application as a supercapacitor electrode material. The conventional dye effluent treatment utilizes a series of complex processes with results in a huge deposition of sludge. The adsorbent based dye effluent treatment is an option to treat dye effluent due to the highly turbid nature of dye effluent

Formamidinium lead triiodide (FAPbI3) with stable black perovskite phase and without significantly changing its bandgap is demonstrated by the incorporation of CaCl2. More incorporated CaCl2 in FAPbI3 creates a desirable crystal structure, satisfying the Goldschmidt tolerance factor, and thereby stabilizing black perovskite phase under ambient conditions. However, more incorporated CaCl2 in FAPbI3

The advancement in electronic device miniaturization has led to an increase in thermal issues. The reliability of these devices depends on heat dissipation, leading to the development of thermal interface materials (TIMs). In this study, the influence of morphology and surface modification on the thermal characteristics of magnesium oxide (MgO) incorporated epoxy composites was investigated. A wet

Formaldehyde (HCHO) gas sensing properties of a new sensor based on a sputtered vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) thin film decorated with evaporated gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs) are studied and reported herein. The use of Au NPs effectively increases the surface area/volume (SA/V) ratio and enhances the catalytic activity of Au metal. Experimentally, good p-type sensing characteristics, including a high

Traditional synthesis of InP core/shell quantum dots (QDs) suffers from high cost, high toxicity, and difficulty due to the use of the expensive and highly toxic tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphine (P(TMS)3) as the phosphorus source. In this Perspective, we discuss advances in the design and synthesis of InP core/shell QDs using a cheap and low toxicity phosphorus source-tris(dimethylamino) phosphine (P(DMA)3)

Due to its high practicability, metal assisted chemical etching (MACE) has become a popular silicon micro-nano structure preparation method. This paper explores the metal nanoparticle film dissolution and re-deposition evolution behavior in oxidizing HF solution during the MACE process. The results show Ag nanoparticles experience both oxidation dissolve and reduction deposit during MACE in HF–H2O2–H2O

Magnesium aluminate spinel is a material with high optical transparency and great potential for optical applications. However, its high hardness, high strength and chemical inertness make obtaining the required surface quality quickly through traditional processing a challenge. Existing assisted machining methods are complicated and costly, which limits their application to high-efficiency and ultra-precision

The use of thin layers of amorphous hafnium oxide has been shown to be suitable for the manufacture of Resistive Random-Access memories (RRAM). These memories are of great interest because of their simple structure and non-volatile character. They are particularly appealing as they are good candidates for substituting flash memories. In this work, the performance of the MIM structure that takes part

Percolative composites with negative permittivity have attracted much attention. For carbonyl iron and La-doped barium ferrite composites, the conduction mechanism changed from hopping conduction to metal-like conduction when carbonyl iron content increased. When carbonyl iron content was 80 wt%, which exceeded but approached the percolation threshold, a weak value of negative permittivity between