Incorporation of hollow fibers in polymer base composites has gained great interest due to their flexibility and lightweight structure. Among many research studies on this subject, the mechanical performance of polyester hollow fiber/E-glass reinforced polymer composites has not been investigated. The main objective of the present work was to investigate the fracture toughness and impact resistance

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has generated great confusion around the world, affecting people’s lives and producing a large number of deaths. The development of portable and wearable devices is of great importance in several fields such as point-of-care medical applications and environmental monitoring. Wearable devices with an ability to collect various types of physiological records are

In this study, composite thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/polystyrene (PS) nanofiber web and TPU nanofiber web and PS-extracted TPU/PS microfiber web have been experimentally investigated with regard to sound absorption and thermal conductivity coefficients to observe a potential use in sound and thermal insulation areas. Moreover, other properties such as surface area, morphology, tensile strength/elongation

Three-dimensional (3D) woven composites have been widely used in structural components due to their excellent mechanical and near-net-shape properties. However, for some special applications, it is expected that 3D woven composites can be damaged at designated locations under a specific load. In this research work, a new kind of defect-prefabricated 3D woven composites (DP3DWCs) are designed, where

Many industries discharge oil-in-water emulsion in the waste stream, often above the permissible limit causing serious environmental hazards. Porous media such as membrane and coalescence beds are employed to treat oily wastewater. A coalescence bed filter consists of either fibrous or granular packing and is used for removing larger oil droplets less than 100 μm from secondary emulsions. Fibrous media

Environmental hormones such as bisphenol A have attracted enormous attention due to their potential threat to humans and environment. Herein, we synthesized a BC/MIL-53 (Al)-F127 composite membrane by the vacuum filtration method with a mesostructure metal–organic framework MIL-53 (Al)-F127 and bacterial cellulose as the substrate. The BC/MIL-53 (Al)-F127 composite membrane exhibited efficient adsorption

The transfer process of heat and water vapor in a porous fiber membrane was investigated through the simulation of a 3D model for optimizing the configuration design. 3D models with different fiber orientations and porosity were constructed by the parameter input method, and the accuracy of the model was validated by the coefficient of determination (R2) between the apparent velocity of the model and

In this work, a phase-change energy storage nonwoven fabric was made of polyurethane phase-change material (PUPCM) by a non-woven melt-blown machine. Polyethylene glycol 2000 was used as the phase transition unit and diphenyl-methane-diisocyanate as the hard segment to prepare PUPCM. Thermal stability of the PUPCM was evaluated through thermal stability analysis. The performance of pristine PUPCM was

An environmentally friendly approach, which consists in coupling a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) based atmospheric plasma treatment with a coating of an aqueous phase polyurethane dispersion (PUD) containing blocked polyisocyanates, is proposed to improve the adhesion of a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) film onto a poly-(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) textile fabric. In this study, a screening

The mechanical properties of tubular braided structures influence their inherent performance during application as biomedical materials. In their use as stents, braided structures are forced to conform to the topology of the host tissues. Triaxial braided structures have had limited use in tissue repair and organ support even though they have the potential of offering equal if not better performance

In the liquid composite moulding (LCM) process, fabric is draped over the mould surface and a resin is injected under pressure to develop a composite laminate. Wrinkling is one of the most common flaws that occurs during the draping of the fabric. Wrinkling of the fabric within the composite could severely reduce the quality of the finished composite laminate. Thus, to develop a high-quality composite

In the present study, filament wound pipes were fabricated by glass and polypropylene (PP) yarns with the three different filament winding angles 55°, 70°, and 82°. Glass and PP yarns were wound around the pipe with two methods; layered and hybrid. Epoxy resin was applied as a matrix to manufacture composite samples. It should be mentioned that composite samples were made in different layers. The three-point

Fabric it is not an impermeable substrate because of fiber porosity. To study the solvent diffusion mechanism of coated fabric in the curing process, the drying model of PMMA/acetone coated glass fiber fabric was established. This drying model was verified by confocal Raman spectroscopy. Finally, the impact of fabric structure, thickness and porosity on the solvent diffusion process in coated fabrics

The rapid proliferation of electronic devices and their operation at high frequencies has raised the contamination of artificial electromagnetic radiations in the atmosphere to an unprecedented level that is responsible for catastrophe for ecology and electronic devices. Therefore, the lightweight and flexible electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials are of vital importance for controlling

Green composites have ecofriendly features that are technically and economically feasible while minimizing the pollution. It refers to the combination of degradable fibers mostly cellulosic materials and natural resins to develop green composites. Since mechanical performance of such structures is a concern for industry, by playing with the position and pattern of yarns in woven fabric, these properties

Electric fabric heaters have demonstrated potential applications in a wide range of fields for medical electrothermal, human healthcare and athletic rehabilitation. Whereas, little attention has been paid to the resistance variations and the interface of electric heaters. Here, this paper focuses on the resistance temperature-sensitive behavior and interfacial electricity of reduced graphene oxide

In this experimentation hybrid composites using natural fibers and titanium oxide (TiO2) nano filler were fabricated using compression moulding technique. Pineapple (P) and Sisal (S) fibers were used as the natural reinforcements with epoxy as the matrix material. The mechanical results of flexural, impact and tensile properties found good improvement in the properties with SP fiber reinforcement (1:1

The recovery of impaired peripheral nerves is often not as expected, which makes the development of nerve conduits trendy nowadays. To enable the neural messages effectively being delivered as well as to prevent the secondary damage during the removal of nerve conduits, the conductivity and biodegradability are two essential requirements for ideal nerve conduits. In this study, electrospinning is used

The sol-gel process has been applied to cotton fabrics to cover the fibers with a silica-based film, which can improve their thermal oxidation and combustion behaviors. Silica sol, silane coupling agent 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH560) and flame retardant zinc borate (ZB) are used together to prepare SiO2-KH560-ZB hybrid sol, which is then finished on the surface of cotton fabric through impregnation

This study focuses on the fabrication of an anisotropic textile brace that exerts corrective forces based on the three-point pressure system to treat scoliosis, which is a medical condition that involves deformity of the spine. The design and material properties of the proposed anisotropic textile brace are discussed in detail here. A case series study with 5 scoliosis patients has been conducted to

Geometric reconstruction is an important precondition for the computational micromechanics analysis of chopped fiber reinforced composites. When fiber aspect ratio increases, the maximum fiber volume fraction in reconstruction model reduces rapidly because of jamming limit, which greatly limits the application of reconstruction methods. A novel algorithm is proposed to significantly increase the fiber

Lakshmipriya S and Imayathamizhan NM. Development of silk/polycaprolactone biocomposite for internal bone plate application. J Ind Text 2021; 51(1): 3–23. DOI: 10.1177/1528083719886052

Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has proven to be increasingly valuable as an analytical tool since this phenomenon was first observed in 1973. However, challenges still exist to ensure their ability to access targeted analytes and adequate levels of sensitivity to them on irregular surfaces. Herein, silver (Ag) nanoparticles are deposited onto cotton fabric through magnetron sputtering to

In the present study a double layer mucoadhesive buccal film containing nanocarriers encapsulated with neem extract was fabricated through electrospinning and solvent casting techniques for dental therapeutic applications. The morphological, physical and mucoadhesive properties of the resulting electrospun and solvent cast oral films were mutually compared, and their drug release behavior and antibacterial

An attempt has been made to investigate the filtration behaviour of filter media with gradient structure created through layers of needle punched nonwoven. Batts of different fibre orientation influenced by carding parameters were prepared. Carding parameters i.e. feeder, cylinder and doffer speed were optimized by using response surface methodology to achieve the batts of different fibre orientation

Centrifugal spinning is a fast and safe nanofiber production technique and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers have been widely studied for many applications including energy storage, filtration, sensors, and biomedical applications. Nanofiber morphology, specific surface area, porosity and average fiber diameter are important to determine the performance of nanofibers in these fields. In centrifugal

Due to the ongoing pandemic, various types of facemasks such as certified N-95, non-woven fiber and fabric/textile masks are being used as an essential protective measure to reduce the risk of spread of the SARS-Cov-2 virus. The aerosols size-dependent filtration efficiency and breathing resistance of these masks were tested before and after sterilization by five different methods for two flow rates

Over 110 million tonnes of textile fibres and apparel are produced annually, ultimately ending with significant quantities of waste textiles. One route for upcycling end-of-life textiles is to repurpose the materials for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) removal by integrating microalgae (single celled photosynthetic organisms) to form ‘living’ biocomposites. In this study we demonstrate the CO2 capture

In this study, the poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/polyurethane (PU) nonwoven mats have been successfully fabricated by electrospinning from PLA/PU (50:50 w/w) blended solutions with/without compatibilizer. The influence of the compatibilizers which are called POSS Amic Acid Isobutyl (AAI), Tetra Silanol Phenyl POSS (TSP) and Joncryl (JO) on the characteristic properties of PLA/PU nanofibers has been investigated

The interest in multifunctional textile materials has been increased due to the health and safety measures of living beings, especially in severe conditions. Therefore, this study investigated the hydrophobicity, oil sorption capacity, and bending properties of untreated or uncoated and treated or coated 3D weft-knitted spacer fabric samples (92% polyester/8% spandex), i.e. sample 1, sample 2, and

In view of the strength loss and dimension shrinkage of polyester nonwoven used for the sewage pipeline in the hot-pressing process, the response surface methodology was proposed to optimize the technological parameters of lining material. Select the temperature, time and pressure to enhance the hot-pressing process of lining material with the response value of the rate of dimensional change and tensile

Herein, Polyester woven fabrics as the matrices for the experimental group, while cotton knitted fabrics, cotton woven fabrics, and Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) mesh cloth used as the matrices for the control groups, at 40 °e, using 3,4-ethoxylene dioxy thiophene (EDOT)as the polymer monomer, FeCl3 as the oxidant, and poly(sodium-p-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) as the dopant, are separately coated with

The circular economy is still a hypothetical field in Europe. Different shredding and manufacturing machinery parts in textile industries are presumed to enhance product quality and performance. The quality and performance of recycled textile products play a vital role in the development of textile recycling technologies. The quality is principally associated with the mechanical and tribological properties

In the process of fabricating a three-dimensional (3 D) woven perform, the variant structures introduced during adding and reducing tows, lead to changes of local tow orientation and woven pattern, which affects the mechanical response of 3 D woven composite. In this study, specimens with variant structure were manufactured by adding and reducing tow techniques, and representative unit cells of normal

This work reports the engineering of textile electrodes, considered safe for humans even if worn next to skin for a longer time. Obliging this phenomenon conductive Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were biosynthesized from Silver Sulphate (Ag2SO4) and medicinal values enriched Ocimum Sanctum (Tulsi)leaves extract. These conductive Silver nanoparticles were loaded by spray technique on polypropylene nonwoven

Fabric preforms undergo transverse compaction during composite manufacturing. This compaction changes the preform thickness, fibre volume fraction (FVF), tow geometry and voids for resin flow. In this paper, influence of yarn hybridisation and fibre architecture on the compaction response of woven fabric preforms has been studied. A series of cyclic compression tests have been carried out on both dry

Our research aims to develop a shear forming envelope for the preforming of textiles, a critical step in the manufacture of fibre-reinforced composite materials. This paper demonstrates the progress towards this aim by conducting picture frame tests to empirically determine the locking angle of non-crimp fabrics with different fibre orientations. While conventional shear tests typically utilise woven

The aim of this research was to determine the influence of pulsed CO2 laser treatment on crust leather surface morphology and wettability. The obtained results revealed that pulsed CO2 laser engraving can be used as an effective tool for crust leather surface treatment. Pulsed CO2 laser treatment only negligible affects the macrostructure of leather, while the morphology and wetting of the leather

In this paper, graphene, graphene/matrix, and graphene/fiber nanocomposites, including their synthesis process, fabrication, properties, and potential applications, were reviewed. It was found that several synthesis techniques for nanographene were developed, such as liquid-phase exfoliation and chemical vapor deposition. In addition, some fabrication processes of graphene/matrix and graphene/fiber-based

The current study investigates on development of hybrid composite with Kenaf/Kevlar as reinforcement and unsaturated Polyester as the matrix considering stacking sequence, the orientation of fabric and twill 2x2 weave of the Kenaf fabric in particular. Five laminates (L1, L2, L3, L4, and L5) were developed by stacking the lamina's one over the other with the matrix and then cured in an autoclave. The

In this study, the layered nanoclay was employed to impart ultraviolet (UV) protection functionality for electrospinning thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanofibrous mats. This study is among the very rare studies which uses Montmorillonite (MMT) clay for UV protection. Due to its known UV protection property, titanium dioxide (TiO2) was used solely for comparison with MMT clay and as a blend with

Protective masks – worn properly - have become the key to wither away the COVID-19 pandemic. Nowadays, the vast majority of these masks are made of nonwoven fabrics. High-quality products have mainly melt-blown filtering layers of nano/microfiber. Melt blowing produces very fine synthetic nonwovens from a wide range of polymers and allows a fair control of the fiber structure and morphology that makes

In this paper laminated composites with woven fabric on the front side, polyurethane foam (PU) in the middle and knitted fabric on the back side were analyzed. These materials are widely used in the automotive industry, medicine, protection activities and other groups of technical textiles Based on analyses and problems encountered in practice, the hypothesis was made that the speed of joining the

Coir fibre and pith are eco-friendly material used in the preparation of composites. Coir fibre and coir pith were treated with sodium hydroxide to study the effect of alkali for prolonged exposure on its properties. Fibre and pith were treated with different concentrations of NaOH from 5% to 30% for 24 hours at room temperature. Alkali treatment removes the impurities and the expose the crystalline

Porous membranes find natural application in various fields and industries. Water condensation on membranes can block pores, reduce vapour transmissibility, and diminish the porous membranes' performance. This research investigates the rate of water vapour transmission through microporous nylon and nanofibrous Gore-Tex membranes. Testing consisted of placing the membrane at the intersection of two

Recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) (RPET) multifilament yarns are used in carpet manufacturing as a way to reduce plastic waste. The conventional RPET carpet is however susceptible to bacterial accumulation. As a result, this research experimentally doped RPET with nano-structure titanium dioxide (nano-TiO2) to produce RPET/nano-TiO2 bicomponent multifilament yarns with antibacterial property. The

In this paper, biaxial warp-knitted fabrics were produced with different high tenacity polyester linear density and inserted yarns density. The low-velocity impact property of flexible composites made of polyurethane as matrix and biaxial warp-knitted fabric as reinforcement has been investigated. The effect of impactor shape and initial impact energy on the impact response of flexible composite is

Workers are exposed to skin frostbite in extremely cold environments, especially in contact with cold surfaces. They must wear cold-resistant clothing/gloves to avoid frostbites. However, there was a lack of an accurate method to evaluate the cold-contact protective performance (CPP) of fabrics. In view of this, a test device was developed to simulate the cold-contact exposure by controlling cold-contact

It is widely known that the pore size of a meltblown fiber assembly extensively affects the final applications of its products. We have developed a model for simulating melt-blowing production to investigate the formation mechanism of a fiber assembly. In this study, we calculated the pore size under different production conditions using the model. The predicted results reveal the relationship between

Functional polymeric membranes with antibacterial properties have gained significant importance in many applications. Silver NPs offer advantage over other materials for their effective antibacterial properties and being safer for humans at low concentrations. The synthesis of silver NPs may not always be environmental friendly and their incorporation in the polymer membranes is usually a multistep

Recent advances in the development and application of bio-based (natural fiber and biopolymer) composites are gaining broad attention because the resulting polymer completely degrades and does not release harmful substances. In this study, natural fiber 3 D braided yarn textile PLA (Polylactic acid) bio-composites are developed by film sequencing followed by hot-press compression molding. Bio-deterioration

The aim of this study executed on Silicon Nitride (Si3N4) yarn is to examine some bending damage behaviors and fracture mechanisms that occur during the 3D orthogonal fabric forming process. A three point bending experiment device has been developed in order to simulate the Z-binder yarn bending condition. The effects of weft density, fabric thickness, and yarn tension have been studied. The Weibull

In the past two decades, a number of models have been built to simulate the motion of polymer jet during melt blowing. Unfortunately, the complex interaction between polymer jet and air flow field has been rarely reported. In this work, a phase-field method was applied to simulate the coupling effects between polymer and air flow during melt blowing and the computed results were compared with the results

Quest for producing lightweight and biodegradable materials has encouraged researchers to replace synthetic fibers with natural fibers. Hence a study is made to investigate the effects of introducing secondary reinforcement (natural fibers), stacking sequence, and addition of graphite particles on the mechanical characteristics and water uptakes along with diffusivity of hybrid (glass\jute) composites

This study offers a new wound dressing by immobilization of amino acid residues on partially carboxymethylated cotton nonwoven fabrics (CM-CN). To improve the absence of capacity to protect the open wound from infection, firstly, a usual cotton nonwoven fabric was chemically modified by utilizing a pad-dry-cure technique including a carboxymethylation procedure. Subsequently, the chicken feather wastes

Electrospun nanofibers based on polysaccharides represent a consolidated approach in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM) and nanomedicine as a drug delivery system (DDS). In this work, two chemical derivatives of a low molecular weight gellan gum (96.7 kDa) with aliphatic pendant tails were processed by electrospinning technique into non-woven nanofibrous mats. In order to generate

In several applications, the industrial and protective fabrics might be subjected to punching by the rigid sharp spikes. Fabric resistance to the penetration of the puncher at a constant rate was studied. The analysis of the factors influencing the resistance of the fabric and an explanation of the puncture mechanism were generated. Punching force-displacement curves were obtained and four noticeable

In this research article, a leftover of Cymbopogon flexuosus stem (CFS) collected from the oil extraction industry was examined for its ability as a reinforcing agent in a polymer composite. Anatomical, morphological, physical, chemical, mechanical, and thermal characteristics of the CFS fiber were examined. Chemical analysis revealed the presence of higher amount of cellulose (68.13%), which offers

PAN/PEG/CNT/cotton composite yarn (PPCCY) was fabricated by impregnating PEG2000–10000 into CNT/cotton yarn (CCY) and coating electrospun PAN around its surface. The effects of PEG type on the morphology, structure, electrical resistance and phase change behavior of the produced composite yarns were studied thoroughly by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)

Nonwoven aramid fabric is widely used as thermal barrier of fireproofing clothing due to its inherent flame retardancy and light weight. In fire or high temperature scenario, radiative heat transfer becomes the predominant heat transfer mode inside firefighters’ clothing. In this work, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was adopted to measure the spectral transmittance and spectral extinction