The friction fields of a novel drafting device based on the ring spinning frame are investigated in terms of numerical simulation and experimental studies. In numerical simulation, the results demonstrate that the dynamic pressure distribution in the drafting zone is presented in the form of wave undulation in the main drafting zone. Besides this, the pressure peak greatly increases close to the front

As many countries in the world are paying increasing attention to air quality, reducing the concentration of pollutants in the air, protecting human health and improving the ecological environment have become problems that need to be solved urgently. This paper describes how ceria and cobalt [email protected] (CeO2/Co3O4@PAN) nanofiber membranes are produced using electrospinning technology, which

In this work, the deformation of bilateral breasts was investigated with an established hybrid model to predict the nipple movement specifically for senior women during yoga exercise. A motion capture system was used to collect the displacement of 10 markers on the breasts from 11 senior women (average age of 62) during yoga practice and then the data were analyzed by integrating the absolute grey

To assess the effects of fabric take-up, yarn tension, feeder position, and yarn feeder material on the occurrence of snagging, fabrics produced with two different finishing processes, were subjected to longitudinal or transversal 100, 300, and 600 revolutions, and the degree of snagging was measured and compared afterwards with gray fabric. Our results showed that, during the knitting process, the

The commercial powder disperse dye used for printing polyester fabrics exhibits many environmentally-unfriendly properties, especially the associated high wastewater emission. In this study, three kinds of liquid disperse dyes (C.I. Disperse Blue 291:1, (L-DB); C.I. Disperse Red 179, (L-DR), and C.I. Disperse Orange 30, (L-DO)), two kinds of binders (A and/or B), and a micro-printing process, were

Kapok fiber is a natural hollow fiber that has superior biocompatibility and biodegradability and is naturally antibacterial. Because of its unique properties, it has great potential in the application of postoperative repair dressings. The wettability and micro-equilibrium of kapok fibers play a critical role in dressing applications. In this study, the critical adhesion volume and adhesion energy

Heat energy retention and dissipation have become key points of global smart textiles in recent years. This study describes the designing of silicon resin by using a sol–gel process, which acts as the modifying agent for siloxane substrate. The modifying agent was effectively blocked by silicon resin mixed with the ethylene or aluminum bond group, to control the molecular weight. Advanced polymer chromatography

This research focuses on a three-dimensional jacquard spacer fabric, which has two sets of jacquard yarn systems to form double-appearance patterns. Because of the unique structure and formation characteristics, a specific computerized patterning model needs to be solved for efficient jacquard structure design. After a systematic analysis of double-needle bed knitting and the piezo-jacquard principle

There is increasing concern regarding the existing sheep wool processing technology in the textile industry owing to the enormous volume of toxic effluents generated. The application of supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) in sheep wool processing is cleaner and increases wool fiber production while avoiding toxic effluent generation. scCO2 is a novel clean technology that can be utilized in sheep

The enabling electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing technology in a one-step forming, continuous, and controllable manner has gained wide attention in the field of flexible printed electronics. The evaporation characteristic of ink solvent during the EHD printing greatly affects the shape of the jet as well as the penetration and diffusion of inks on fabrics, which is crucial to the formation of high-quality

Flexible wearable strain sensors with excellent sensing performance have received widespread interest due to their superior application capability in the field of human-computer interaction, sports rehabilitation, and disease diagnosis. But at present, it is still a considerable challenge to exploit a flexible strain sensor with high sensitivity and wide sensing range that is easily manufactured, low-cost

The effect of blending ratio on the performance of hollow coffee carbon polyester/cotton blended compact siro-spun yarn was investigated. Five blend ratios of hollow coffee carbon polyester/cotton fiber (i.e. 20/80, 35/65, 50/50, 65/35, and 80/20) and polyester/cotton fiber 35/65 were designed, and six groups of 14.6 tex yarn were spun by compact siro. Indices for the performance of the yarn (surface

In the research of breast morphology, numerous breast features are measured, whereas only a few parameters are adopted for classification. Therefore, how to extract the key variables from the multi-dimensional features in a rational way is an issue that is focused upon. This study aimed to reduce the complexity of the dimensionality reduction for further improving the objectivity and interpretability

Silkworm cocoons illustrate excellent puncture-resistance performance after an insight into their layers while a clear understanding of the correlation between the excellent puncture property and the silk secondary structure is still lacking. Herein, we peeled silkworm cocoon into eight layers, and a combination of examination techniques including scanning electron microscopy, tensile mechanical test

The aim of this study was to explore the possibility to re-use disposable masks in order to prevent excessive waste generation during the pandemic period. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused rapidly increasing waste production resulting from the necessity of common usage of disposable personal protective equipment. This research covers the evaluation of the structure of surgical masks subjected to a threefold

Coating is a technique widely used in the textile industry for different purposes, mainly in coloring and functional finishes. Graphene is usually applied to fabrics using coating techniques to provide such fabrics with properties like thermal or electrical conductivity. All woven fabrics have peaks and valleys in their structure, generated by the warp and weft threads interlacing. When spreading the

The self-cleaning textiles coated with reduced graphene oxide-titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanocomposites have enhanced photocatalytic activities and could have great potential in practical applications. However, it is still problematic regarding how to avoid aggregation of reduced graphene oxide nanosheets in producing reduced graphene oxide-TiO2 nanocomposites. In this research article, we propose a new

We introduce a real-time machine vision system we developed with the aim of detecting defects in functional textile fabrics with good precision at relatively fast detection speeds to assist in textile industry quality control. The system consists of image acquisition hardware and image processing software. The software we developed uses data preprocessing techniques to break down raw images to smaller

To improve the effectiveness of industrial robots in the textile and garment industry, it is necessary to expand the application range of electrostatic adsorption end effectors and solve the problem of automatically grasping and transferring fabrics during garment processing. Taking weft-knit fabric as an example, this paper begins by analyzing the factors that influence the electrostatic adsorption

In this paper, poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide (PMIA) staple fibers were dissolved in a LiCl/N,N-dimethylacetamide solvent system in order to prepare PMIA nanofibers via the electrospinning method. The mean diameter of the nanofiber was between 72 and 247 nm and gradually increased with increasing LiCl concentration. PMIA nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform

The main purpose of this work is to investigate the effect of benzoyl treatment on the performance of sugar palm/kenaf fiber-reinforced polypropylene hybrid composites. Water absorption tests were carried out to confirm the effect of benzoylation treatment toward fabricating a more hydrophobic behavior of the hybrid composites. Both treated and untreated composites that have 10 wt.% of fiber loading

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the efficacy of absorbent textiles for incontinence (ATI) in managing post-voiding dribble (PVD) in older men. In this systematic review, a literature search was conducted to identify relevant studies using PubMed, Science Direct, and Cochrane Library databases from 2010 to 2020. The search included clinical trials and studies that evaluated the use of disposable

Compact spinning with a lattice apron has recently become a very attractive approach for pneumatic compact yarn production spinning systems. One of the main challenges with use of this method is the high negative pressure that leads to high energy consumption. In response to this challenge, we present a numerical and experimental investigation of the effects of a three-dimensional (3D) printed guiding

Traditional filtration media composed of fibers with sizes on the micrometer scale have difficulty filtering particles a little smaller than 300 nm. Even though nanofibrous materials are able to capture these particles and can have excellent filtration efficiency, their widespread use continues to be inhibited by several obstacles, particularly an excessive pressure drop and the inability to form self-supporting

In order to explore the differences between conventional and dual-feed-opening rotor spinning units (RSUs), this work compares the airflow characteristics of two RSU models utilizing a computational fluid dynamics simulation model with the accuracy verified by airflow behavior observation and air pressure measurement. The effect of two different opening roller speeds on the airflow field distribution

Australian Merino wool is well-known in the wool market for its top quality, and the bulk of it is used in apparel where softness is a key factor for consumers. However, the ethical issue of mulesing is driving textile manufacturers and retailers to purchase non-mulesed wool from other sources instead of Australian mulesed wool. Australian Soft Rolling Skin (SRS) wool, grown on non-mulesed sheep, has

The precise detection of polyester filament yarn (PFY) tension in the spinning process is critical to ensure product quality. The laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) method is proposed to achieve non-contact detection of PFY tension in this paper. By employing the Hamilton principle, the transverse dynamics differential equations of PFY are derived, which are discretized and solved by the Galerkin method

Superhydrophobic cotton fabrics have been widely explored for their excellent properties, although there are still a few limitations in the practical applications for the reasons of poor environmental performance and short service life. In this study, the hexadecyltrimethoxysilane emulsion was prepared using O2-plasma and ultrasound for the superhydrophobic functional finishing of raw cotton fabric

The stain quantification method using image analysis is excellent because it is non-destructive and applicable for non-uniformly adhered stains. The technique is difficult to adapt to colorless stains, but can be used by coloring the stains. However, low-polarity oils have poor compatibility even with oil-soluble dyes, and it is difficult to accurately quantify them from the appearance. The purpose

Color has been strategically used to attract consumers in the textile and clothing industry, and yarn color mixing is one of the most typical methods of imparting color to textile products. However, the fact that color appears different depending on the illumination has concerned textile designers and sellers at the point of color communication and sale. This study quantitatively analyzed how the color

This paper proposes a simulation method suitable for weft-knitted seamless kneepads. The purpose of this study is to realize the simulation of complete weft-knitted products, and it has the advantage of speed to display the simulation results online in real-time. The loop of the basic loop model is controlled by up to eight characteristic points and the yarn path is fitted by a three-dimensional spline

In this paper, an organic/inorganic phosphorus and silicon-containing coating was prepared by the sol–gel method and its flame retardant mechanism for poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fabrics was thoroughly investigated. The influence of hybrid coating on PET fabric was investigated by the limited oxygen index (LOI), vertical flammability test (VFT) and microscale combustion calorimetry (MCC). The

Fabric shape retention is a crucial property that impacts the durability and usability of fabric and which needs a convenient and accurate evaluation method. In the previous research, the automated crease recovery testing method was used to obtain fabric crease recovery information and evaluate the property of shape retention. Based on the previous research, an orthogonal test method was adopted to

The present study deals with the effects of alkaline and benzoyl chloride treatments of sugar palm fibers (SPFs) on the mechanical and morphological properties of SPF-reinforced poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composites. Seven different parameters of SPFs were compared, which were untreated, three alkaline solution concentrations of 4%, 5%, and 6% for alkaline treatment, and 50 ml benzoyl chloride-treated

The color-matching model is conducive to expanding the scope of application of colorful fabrics and can speed up the achievement of intelligent production. To solve the problem in which the existing color-matching system of intelligent colored spun yarn cannot be applied to the digital rotor-spinning products of dope dyed viscose fiber, 66 types of mélange yarn were spun with a digital rotor-spinning

A simultaneous detection method was proposed to detect slurry coating characteristics based on the same spatial resolution of starch-based sized and raw yarns. A dynamic image acquisition device was improved to capture the apparent images of multiple yarns simultaneously after the starch–iodine color reaction. The slurry coating characteristics were calculated utilizing image-processing technology

This paper reports a numerical approach, based on a nonlinear particle spring model and a collision detection procedure, to simulate the shape of a draped cloth, or a flexible sheet, together with a simple but precise three-dimensional shape reconstruction method for real fabric applications. The latter is utilized to verify the accuracy of the proposed drape simulation model. The drapes of four types

As part of the propulsion system, the fluid dynamic features of the main nozzle can immediately affect the stability and efficiency of an air-jet loom. This study aims to optimize the fluid characteristics in the main nozzle of an air-jet loom. To investigate ways of weakening the effect of airflow congestion and backflow phenomenon occurring in the sudden expansion region, the computational fluid

Cationic dyeable polyamide 6 (CD-PA6) fiber, as a novel functional polyamide 6 (PA6) fiber, conforms to people's requirements for fashion clothing. However, due to the limitation of the hetero-end groups after caprolactam hydrolysis, it is difficult to introduce comonomers into the PA6 molecular chain to prepare PA6-based polymers with a certain molecular weight and maintain the original physical properties

Seamless garments reducing the cutting and sewing processes are created using seamless knitting technology. This type of garment, being less dependent on labor, is knitted as a whole and makes a great contribution to improving production efficiency. More importantly, seamless garments are more comfortable and natural compared with those styles produced by traditional technology. However, the techniques

Ultrasonic seaming has become an important issue in recent years due to its various features. In this study, waterproof polyester knitted fabrics with polyurethane coating were used and the bursting strength, bending property and water permeability property of ultrasonic seaming were examined by changing various parameters. Besides, the ultrasonic seaming method was compared to conventional seaming

Artificial intelligence (AI) offers the potential for the development of e-textiles that give wearers a smart and intuitive experience. An emerging challenge in intelligent materials design is hand gesture recognition textiles. Most current research focuses on number gesture recognition via smart gloves, so there is a gap in research that studies contact-less number gesture recognition textiles via

In this study, a lignin/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) composite nanofiber membrane is prepared by electrospinning and used as the precursor to prepare flexible carbon nanofibers (CNFs) through pre-oxidation and carbonization. The micromorphology, crystal structure, pore size distribution and specific surface area of the CNFs are characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction

There is no consent regarding the efficacy of cooling garments as a treatment for reducing heat strain for firefighters. To quantify whether cooling garments mitigate exertional heat stress in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) among firefighters, a systematic review and meta-analysis are performed to explore the issue by following the PRISMA checklist. The searched databases include PubMed, Embase

The yarn feeding for a loop formation is a critical factor in determining the size and elasticity of highly elastic knitted fabrics. Currently, the prevalent production processes rely on experienced machine operators to set up the optimal feed rate by trial and error. To improve production efficiency and reduce the reliance on the operator’s skill, we attempt to create a structure model of tubular

Warp knitting technology is a fabric-forming technologies that is very suitable to fabricate three-dimensional (3D) auxetic fabrics due to its high efficiency and powerful pattern designing possibilities. In this study, two typical auxetic geometries, namely the re-entrant hexagonal network and rotating square solids, were selected as the design prototypes for the design and manufacture of 3D warp-knitted

Receptivity towards textile-based fiber optic sensors that are used to monitor physical health is increasing as they have good flexibility, are light in weight, provide wear comfort, have electromagnetic immunity, and are electrically safe. Their superior performance has facilitated their use for obtaining close to body measurements. However, there are many related studies in the literature, so it

The design of metallic card clothing, which is one of the most important devices in the textile industry, has always been based on operational experience. With the development of types of fibers and the requirements for the quality of yarns, those principles concluded by engineers seem to be losing their efficiency. Recent research found that airflow played an important role in the card process, which

For sample reproduction, texture and color are both significant when the consumer has no specific or individual demands or cannot describe the requirements clearly. In this paper, an effective method based on aggregated convolutional descriptors and approximate nearest neighbors search was proposed to combine the texture and color feature for wool fabric retrieval. Aggregated convolutional descriptors

In order to reduce the fiber diameter and the energy consumption in the meltblowing process, a modified slot die with two blocks was designed in this article. The numerical calculation and the experimental verification of the airflow field under the modified slot die were carried out, and the effect of the block structure parameters on the air field was investigated. The research results indicate that

There are many defects in the post finishing flame-retardant modification of polyester–cotton (CT) fabric, leading to shortcomings such as single function and low flame-retardant efficiency, which still need to be solved urgently. Herein, a bio-based flame-retardant and antibacterial coating consisting of phytic acid and DL-arginine was deposited on CT fabrics using layer-by-layer assembly to obtain

Hairiness is a prominent property of staple yarns, but the existing evaluation parameters mainly describe the fiber ends already protruding out of yarn bodies. The potential fiber ends in yarns also play a crucial role in the performance of yarns in the subsequent processes and the resultant fabric quality. In our previous studies, maximum hairiness and its theoretical model have been proposed, which

A fibrous material is characterized by its fineness, flexibility and high length/fineness ratio and it is used to reduce noise in indoor rooms due to their porous structure. The aim of this work is focused on investigating the structure of two different fibers (acrylic and polyester) from the analysis of the macrostructural parameters, such as fineness, length and cross-section (solid or hollow). Furthermore

Slender fibrous assembled structures can easily buckle under longitudinal compressive load. The limitation in characterizing the longitudinal compression behavior poses a significant challenge to the mechanics optimization of such structures. To address this challenge, we use one-dimensional yarns as a model system, and the yarns are deformed in bending to form a strain gradient, from tension to compression

Due to the potential value in many areas, such as e-commerce and inventory management, fabric image retrieval, which is a special case of content-based image retrieval, has recently become a research hotspot. As a major category of textile fabrics, patterned fabrics have a diverse and complex appearance, making the retrieval task more challenging. To address this situation, this paper proposes a novel

I-fiber implantation is a new stitching technology that can effectively enhance the interlayer performance of laminated composites. This paper presents and evaluates the design and implementation of the I-fiber robot implantation system integrated for producing high-performance fiber preforms for advanced composites. The system was constructed and validated through I-fiber robot implantation experimentation

This article presents a systematic investigation of the knitted fabrics made from various blends of intrinsically antimicrobial poly (hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate)/polylactide acid filaments and cotton staple fibers. The effects of blend yarn, fabric structures, and distributions of fibers on antimicrobial properties of resultant yarns and knitted fabrics were studied. The relationships among

Maintaining foot comfort is important as it influences the overall comfort of the human body. Shoe microclimate and foot skin temperature have been suggested to contribute to the thermal sensation of the foot. Considering the thermal environment and personal protective equipment (PPE) used for structural and proximity firefighting, climatic chamber tests with 13 male participants were conducted during

The clothing comfort sensation is a combination of complex components, including psychological and physiological responses. General linear analysis is not always sufficient for the evaluation of the clothing comfort sensation. The current study sought to predict the clothing comfort sensation of wearing an undershirt using an artificial neural network (ANN). We constructed ANN models with psychological

In this paper, to determine the impact of carbon fiber orientation and interweaving on electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding behaviors, anisotropic and isotropic samples were developed by conductive/dielectric weaving of spatially distributed carbon fiber and glass fiber. Effortless and cost-effective, the electromagnetic shielding efficiency (SE) was up to 42 dB and the SE/thickness) was 41 dB/mm