Together with the spinor Boltzmann equation (SBE) satisfied by conduction electrons, we solve the Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert–Slonczewski (LLGS) equation to study the domain wall (DW) motion driven by the spin-polarized current. The SBE and LLGS equation are coupled together by the spin transfer torque (STT) induced by the s–d exchange interaction between the conduction electrons and the local magnet of

In the present study, the nonlinear optical rectification (NOR), second harmonic generation (SHG), and third harmonic generation (THG) coefficients in GaAs/GaAlAs quantum well (QW) with exponentially confinement potential were theoretically analyzed for different applied static electric and magnetic fields as well as the non-resonant intense laser field (ILF). In addition, the effect of adjustable

Trust plays an important role in human society. However, how does trust evolve is a huge challenge. The trust game is a well-known paradigm to measure the evolution of trust in a population. Reward and punishment as the common types of incentives can be used to improve the trustworthiness. However, it remains unclear how reward and punishment actually influence the evolutionary dynamics of trust. Here

Inversion asymmetry at an interface separating two different metals can produce a strong interfacial Rashba spin–orbit coupling (ISOC) that induces various charge and spin transport phenomena. For the sake of analyzing such emergent phenomena in a ballistic approximation, we consider a simple model of a metallic system of two interfaces with strong spin–orbit coupling. We show that the ISOC would be

In this article, we review some recent theoretical results about intrusion and extrusion of non-wetting liquids in and out of cavities of nanotextured surfaces and nanoporous materials. Nanoscale confinement allows these processes to happen at conditions which significantly differ from bulk phase coexistence. In particular, the pressure at which a liquid penetrates in and exits from cavities is of

Charts are used to measure relative success for a large variety of cultural items. Traditional music charts have been shown to follow self-organizing principles with regard to the distribution of item lifetimes, the on-chart residence times. Here we examine if this observation holds also for (a) music streaming charts (b) book best-seller lists and (c) for social network activity charts, such as Twitter

In several domains of physics, including first principle simulations and classical models for polarizable systems, the minimization of an energy function with respect to a set of auxiliary variables must be performed to define the dynamics of physical degrees of freedom. In this paper, we discuss a recent algorithm proposed to efficiently and rigorously simulate this type of systems: the Mass-Zero

Within the numerical simulation method applied to the Langevin equation, the escape problem of particle moving in the truncated quartic potential driven by two types of correlated Lévy noise, i.e., Ornstein–Uhlenbeck Lévy noise and harmonic velocity Lévy noise, is studied. The dependence of the escape rate on the noise intensity parameter, the Lévy index, the noise correlation, and the particle mass

Molecular dynamics simulations often adopt coarse-grained (CG) models to investigate length- and time-scales that cannot be effectively addressed with atomically detailed models. However, the effective potentials that govern CG models are configuration-dependent free energies with significant entropic contributions that have important consequences for the transferability and thermodynamic properties

We investigate the behavior of three-dimensional 3D exchange energy functional of density-functional theory in anisotropic systems with two-dimensional 2D character and 1D character. The local density approximation (LDA), the generalized gradient approximation (GGA), and the meta-GGA behave as functions of quantum well width. We use the infinite-barrier model (IBM) for the quantum well. In the first

Understanding transport processes in complex nanoscale systems, like ionic conductivities in nanofluidic devices or heat conduction in low-dimensional solids, poses the problem of examining fluctuations of currents within nonequilibrium steady states and relating those fluctuations to nonlinear or anomalous responses. We have developed a systematic framework for computing distributions of time integrated

The reversal of magnetisation has been studied in a three-dimensional Ising ferromagnet by Monte Carlo simulation with Metropolis single spin flip algorithm using random updating scheme. The outer layers are considered as surface. The surface interacts with core with a relative ferromagnetic interaction strength. Depending on the relative interaction strength, the time of reversal of the surface was

The refractive index of dielectrics is a function of the density, temperature, and the wavelength of the incident light. The refractive index and material dispersion are determined by the plasma and the resonance frequencies. Physically, the forced oscillation of an induced dipole is driven by the light wave, vibrating in the plane perpendicular to the propagation direction of light. The incident light

In this paper, we study the dynamics of quantum Fisher information of a qubit interacting with a squeezed thermal environment. We obtain the optimal initial state of the qubit, the temperature of the environment, and the interaction time, which maximize quantum Fisher information. Based on the ohmicity of the environment, we compare the dynamics of quantum Fisher information in ohmic, sub-ohmic, and

We report on the derivation of analytical equations for ab-initio calculations of the strain dependence of crystal-electric-field (CEF) parameters for arbitrary deformations. The calculation is based on the fundamental assumption that the charge distribution deforms in the same way as the crystal. Based on this deformed-charge model, simple formulas for the practical usage are given for various site