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The Guest Editor team of this Special Issue of the IEEE Transactions on Plasma and Science (TPS) is very excited to present this technical issue that encompasses various topics currently being studied within the field of pulsed power science and technology (PPST). Many articles for this Special Issue came from contributors (much like past Special Issues) who participated in the 2019 IEEE Pulsed Power

The HERMES III accelerator is an 18–20-MeV linear induction accelerator constructed at Sandia National Laboratories in the late 1980s and which continues operation to this day. As part of recent modernization efforts, the laser triggering system on the accelerator has been replaced with a newly designed solid-state system. This system consists of ten Nd:YAG lasers, each having a nominal output energy

For the future Z-pinch accelerator, the radiation magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) simulation of the load is urgently needed to investigate its performance. Also, more accurate results can be obtained if a detailed generator model is coupled to the MHD model. However, because of the non-TEM modes in the monolithic radial transmission lines (MRTLs), the field-circuit coupling model for the generator is too

A new alternative circuitry for the transformer-coupled LC inversion generator (TCLCG) is presented. In principle, a TCLCG consists of one in-phase 1:1 transformer and two capacitors per elementary stage. First, the two capacitors will be charged via the primary winding of the transformer in opposite polarity. Afterward, voltage multiplication is being achieved by a closing switch which shortcuts the

In this article, we present a railgun with a combination of narrowed rails and concave armature that is more efficient compared with a standard electromagnetic launcher with rectangular rails and a monolithic “C” armature. Electromagnetic–mechanical coupled analysis of LS-DYNA is used to simulate the dynamic field distribution. The performance of the newly designed railgun is evaluated with respect

The high power and energy density of synchronous machines turn them into reliable sources of energy for pulsed power applications. In this article, two mathematical models using both actual and normalized (per-unit) parameters have been developed and simulated in LTspice, which is a powerful and a free tool to simulate electrical/electronic circuits. In this article, an efficient solver based on the

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In this research, the excitation of hybrid electromagnetic waves in a complex dielectric-plasma waveguide is investigated semianalytically using the perturbation method and applying the suitable boundary conditions. Under this study waveguide combines circular and elliptical geometries, eccentrically. This elliptical waveguide has been filled with a dielectric material, whereas two axial hollows with

HF heating experiment, with linear power ramp from 50 to 92 dBW, was conducted to determine the HF threshold power levels for the onset of detectable plasma waves and the onset of artificial ionization inferred from HF-enhanced plasma lines (HFPLs). The threshold free-space electric field at 200-km altitude, where HFPLs were detected, is about 53 mV/m. However, the HF electric field near the reflection

In this work, we studied hollow cylindrical plasma bullets propagating along the grooved glass rod in a single electrode configuration. The plasma source was a cylindrical shell consisted of two coaxial glass cylinders. The surface of the inner cylinder was structured by creating grooves on its surface to investigate the plasma bullet acceleration through the traveling shell. The corresponding plasma

Electrons are generated abundantly in the plasma jet and play an active role in the mass transfer of reactive species in the aqueous solution in plasma medicine. Such an importance requires knowledge of the behavior of electrons in the plasma jet. The objective of this work is to understand the electron behaviors in the bullet in the plasma jet, including the angle spectrum of electrons (ASEs) and

The parallel propagating waves (Langmuir, R and L waves) are studies in different plasma environments by choosing the different values of $\eta =({mc^{2}}/{k_{B}T})$ and $({\omega ^{2}_{\mathrm{ pe}}}/{\omega ^{2}_{\mathrm{ ce}}})$ . The dispersion relations of these waves are derived under a weak magnetic field limit for a fully relativistic plasma environment. The analytical solution of the integrals

This article presents a novel dielectric support for RF circuits of helix traveling wave tubes (TWTs) for the backward wave cancellation. RF circuit comprised two sections: the first section is a conventional dielectric material and the second section is a ferrite rod which replaces the dielectric support. Considering nonreciprocal electromagnetic property of ferrites, the proposed solution acts as

The key point of gyrotron design is the analysis of the radio frequency (RF) behavior in gyrotron resonators. This article proposes a comprehensive, user-friendly and effective gyrotron design toolbox (GYROCOMPU) based on the MATLAB platform. GYROCOMPU associates a relatively complete set of codes for gyrotron analysis and integrates them together into a graphical user interface (GUI). The solving

The metallic grating structure is usually used in the Cherenkov maser. In order to further improve the gain and bandwidth of the sheet beam metallic grating waveguide system, the beam can be with initial transverse and axial velocity instead of pure axial velocity. In this situation, the sheet helical beam will interact with several space harmonics waves simultaneously, and then, the combined cyclotron

An equivalent circuit approach for the analysis of cold circuit parameters such as dispersion and interaction impedance characteristics was used for the design of staggered double slot square-shaped coupled-cavity slow wave structure at millimeter waveband and the results were validated against numerical analysis at Ka -band and $W$ -band. The derived lumped parameters of the square-shaped coupled-cavity

In this article, an equivalent circuit approach has been used to study the bifrequency generation by the azimuthally partitioned axially periodic metal disk-loaded coaxial structure. Considering the effect of all harmonics present within the structure and using an equivalent circuit approach, the expression of the equivalent series inductance per unit length and equivalent shunt capacitance per unit

A 3-D frequency-domain nonlinear theory of the backward wave oscillator (BWO) with an inclined rectangular electron beam (IRB) is presented in this article. The ohmic losses, space-charge effects, and full 3-D motion of electrons are considered in the nonlinear theory. A set of self-consistent differential equations that describe the nonlinear beam–wave interaction in the BWO with an IRB (IRB BWO)

In this article, the time-dependent multimode competition equations, the dependence of the starting current on the static magnetic field, and the current ratio of a coaxial cavity gyrotron with multiple electron beams are investigated according to the linear and nonlinear theories. By numerical calculation, the mode competition of a 170-GHz coaxial cavity gyrotron is studied when it has one, two, and

A new type of microwave-excited atmospheric-pressure plasma (APP) generator that uses the principle of a strip-line transmission line resonator is presented. The microwave plasma has a length of 30 mm, so it can treat a wide area at the same time. The impedance of the resonator was matched to $50~\Omega $ without additional matching equipment by exploiting characteristic of quarter wavelength transmission

A novel leaky wave endfire filtering antenna based on spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) is proposed. The structure of leaky wave antenna consists of multiple radiating elements and one double-sided parallel strip line (DSPSL), and the filtering performance is realized by adding stubs with via holes. The structure with a periodic arrangement of the radiating elements has similar dispersion curves

The integrated passive device (IPD) technology has become a new research hotspot, and it depends on electrical characteristics of GaAs, NiCr, and Si 3 N 4 to construct radio frequency (RF) components. RF elements constructed by the IPD technology have features of high quality and ultra-small size, especially for capacitors and inductors. In order to realize the miniaturization of RF circuits, dimensions

A high-power relativistic inverted magnetron oscillator (IMO) operating in the S-band is designed and numerically simulated using the massively parallel electromagnetic particle-in-cell code [improved concurrent electromagnetic particle-in-cell code (ICEPIC)]. This inverted magnetron is designed for optimum operation at ~2.5 GHz for magnetic fields ranging from 0.09 to 0.15 T and voltages extending

Multipactor is an electron discharge driven by secondary electron emission (SEE) that plagues microwave components, accelerator structures, and space-borne systems operating in vacuum conditions. Recently, a novel map-based theoretical approach for multipactor based on nonlinear dynamics and chaos theory has been introduced and applied to systems driven by a standard radio frequency (RF) sinusoidal

A numerical calculation to study the effect of laser pulse polarization on the strength of the axial wakefield in a magnetized plasma has been presented. The influence of different laser polarization, including linear (ordinary wave), elliptic (extraordinary wave), and right- and left-hand circular polarization on the wake wave amplitude, has been evaluated for various values of laser and plasma frequency

In this article, a novel approach for optimizing a practical 270° bent electron gun has been proposed by using JUPYTER NOTEBOOK, an open-source web application utilizing PYTHON script, aiding faster data processing and mathematical computations. For this purpose, a 3-D cost function has been formulated to optimize the position of the anode with respect to the filament which aims at maximizing the beam

A self-consistent model of steady-state electron flow in a planar crossed-field diode with a thermionic cathode is presented. Our formulation is a generalization of the classic work of Fry and Langmuir, to include a constant magnetic field B of arbitrary strength parallel to the electrode surfaces. Some effects of the magnetic field on the electron flow are illustrated in an example.

The experimental results of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma treatment on barley (Hordeum Valgare L cv. Yusef) seed germination and seedling growth are analyzed and presented. The seeds were exposed to DBD plasma with 40-, 80-, and 120-W powers for 15 s. All treatments showed positive effects on seed germination, seedling growth, and vigor index. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images

Process of the plasma electrodes formation in a neon-filled Pockels cell operating in the two-pulse mode is numerically simulated with a 2-D model of the gas discharge forming the electrodes. The transport of the charged particles and reactions with their participation in the self-consistent electric field is allowing for. Using the developed computer code, time dependencies of the transmission window

This article presents an experimental quantification of the ignition risk of flammable mixtures in conditions relevant to industry and aviation environment. More specifically, the effect of resistive material on ignition of flammable mixtures was investigated by applying a 500-ns duration high-voltage pulse between pin-to-pin electrodes located across a jet flow of ethylene and air, at atmospheric

A dense plasma focus (DPF) nuclear fusion device is an attractive pulsed neutron source in many applications, due to its relatively large neutron yield, produced in a short time duration. To design a DPF that generates neutrons within a specified time profile, or that generates a neutron energy spectrum with specific properties, it is necessary to characterize and model the results of the fusion process

Electron and atomic densities of Cu and Al plasmas in low-pressure air are studied using the recently reported dual-wavelength (1064 and 532 nm) interferometric diagnostic. The electrical explosion of a 99.999% pure, straight wire forms cylindrical plasma volumes within a low-pressure air chamber, and the probing lasers’ interferometry patterns are simultaneously recorded at prescribed times after

The Prototype Material Plasma Exposure eXperiment (Proto-MPEX) is a linear device used to develop the source and heating concept for MPEX, an experiment to study plasma–material interactions for future fusion reactors. This article will highlight recent analysis and results on Proto-MPEX using an infrared (IR) camera, a key tool for imaging heat fluxes measured at the material target. The target heat

Study the formation mechanism of plasma effluent gas turbulence and its dynamics at different plasma configurations help to manipulate and optimize the plasma for relevant applications. In this article, the dynamics of the turbulent front (TF) of the jet plasma effluent gas at three-electrode configuration driven by pulsed dc and ac power sources was studied experimentally for the first time. The TF

A new, high-efficiency power management circuit for a novel small-sized, two-phase compensated pulse alternator (compulsator) is designed to provide high pulsed powers, making itself a promising compact power supply system for a number of applications, like producing nanosized powders by explosion of wires. The design and manufacture of this novel small-sized compulsator was successful with favorable

With the development of semiconductor technology, solid-state linear transformer drivers (SSLTDs), of which every stage containing many branches in parallel on the primary side is grounded, can generate high-voltage pulses with high current up to hundreds of Amperes in a few nanoseconds on the secondary side. As one type of pulse adders, the high voltage only appears at the secondary side, which considerably

Pulsed electrical discharges in dielectric liquids are intensively studied due to the wide range of applications in which they are implicated. Despite the simplicity of the experimental manipulation of these discharges, the underlying fundamental physics is relatively complex. In this study, we use the electrical characteristics, voltage and current, of pulsed discharges in water (various applied voltage

Pulsed power generation using solid-state linear transformer driver (LTD) with inductive energy storage has been experimentally studied. This is a feasibility study in order to explore this new approach by proving its operation principle and demonstrating its typical performance. Magnetic cores in LTD modules are used as intermediate energy storage from which the electrical energy is extracted when

Electromagnetic coil launcher (ECL) is a specific application of electromagnetic launching technology and has broad prospects in the fields of new weapon systems and launching microsatellites. The acceleration force of the projectile in the ECL depends on the current of the driving coil and the projectile together with the mutual inductance between them, and to maximize the launch coefficient, each

In this article, the influence of multistage synchronous induction coil launcher (SICL) coupling on diode advance conduction was analyzed. The coil current and launching performance of the SICL which is based on the crowbar circuit was also investigated. The thyristor was connected before diode in this multistage SICL system circuit. First, the precise mathematical model for this two-stage SICL was

Although electromagnetic launchers (EMLs) are superior to classical gun-powder-based launchers, they have to withstand extreme electrical and mechanical conditions. Therefore, the optimal design and precise simulations of these devices are crucial. In this article, a new simulation strategy for EMLs is proposed in order to achieve high accuracy and reduced complexity. The inductance and electromotive

A novel slow wave structure (SWS), named staggered double corrugated waveguide (SDCW), is proposed for the development of wideband high-power terahertz (THz) traveling wave tubes (TWTs). The SDCW-SWS not only has the wideband characteristic of staggered double grating (SDG) but also has the high interaction impedance characteristic of symmetrical double grating. In addition, its tunnel width is independent

In this article, a multifrequency electromagnetic modulator based on the solid-state plasma (SSP) metamaterial is proposed. It can achieve two modulations of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and bandpass/stop filter, to realize speed and switching modulation of electromagnetic waves with specific frequencies. By exciting different SSP resonance units, the metamaterial modulator can obtain

Having the capability of generating superior output power with good spatial pattern at sub-terahertz (THz) region compared to other sources, gyrotron is well suited for nondestructive inspections. The author developed a compact ( $0.5 \times 0.84 \times 1.6\,\,\text{m}^{3}$ ) gyrotron capable of producing 0.2 THz (TE 4,2 mode) and 0.4 THz (TE 9,3 mode). With reasonable spatial property of the 0.2-THz

This article presents the amplification of the propagating spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP) modes in the ring resonator-based filtering structure. SSPP-based corrugated ring resonator has been used to design a high- $Q$ dual-band bandpass filter (BPF). Afterward, a subwavelength scale amplifier has been embedded on the output port of the designed BPF to provide loss-compensation as well as amplification

The electromagnetic pulse (EMP) emitted from the plasma produced by interaction of 5-ns pulsed Nd:YAG ( $\lambda =532$ nm) laser with the aluminum target was measured. The laser irradiance at the target was varied in the range of $3.12\times 10^{9} - 4.56\times 10^{10}$ W/cm 2 and its influence on the temporal and spectral parameters of the EMP was investigated. The EMP starts well after the termination

A technique based on a flexible endoscope was selected as a tool for the diagnostic of dust in ITER (“The Way” in Latin). The diagnostic will consist of two tools—one for fine viewing of dust with a resolution down to a few tens of microns in a few millimeter spot and another one for dust collection. The endoscope will have to go up to 15-m deep inside the tokamak to the inspection region. Due to the

We revisit the electrostatic instability model of Singh and Malik (IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 39:10 (2011) 1910–1918) and correct qualitative and quantitative errors.

We adapt a technique, known in the machine learning community as transfer learning, to reduce the bias of computer simulation using very sparse experimental data.

Prospective authors are requested to submit new, unpublished manuscripts for inclusion in the upcoming event described in this call for papers.

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Hollow cathode plasma contactors have an extensive history as spacecraft neutralizers, but questions remain on whether the technology can neutralize significant positive charging in tenuous space plasmas. Simulations and a representative semianalytical model (which we term the ion emission model) predict effective neutralization in these scenarios as ion current is emitted from the surface of the quasi-neutral