Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) derivative have drawn extensive attention in the field of microwave absorption for their various structure morphologies, low density and large surface areas. Herein, a novel multi-interfacial Nickel/Nickel phosphide composite embedded in N-doped carbon (Ni/[email protected]) were successfully fabricated. The composition, magnetic properties and electromagnetic properties

Factors governing the tensile strength of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) composites were experimentally investigated by focusing on the mechanical characteristics of the epoxy matrix. Correlation analysis was conducted to reveal the mechanical characteristics of the matrix that affect the surface stress concentration of an intact fiber caused by a fracture site in an adjacent

The potential for a facile aqueous-based solvent processing route for the synthesis of all-cellulose composites (ACCs) is explored using aqueous solutions containing tertabutylphosphonium hydroxide (TBPH). Specifically, ACC laminates are prepared via the partial dissolution of a woven textile of cellulose II using aqueous TBPH solutions. The dissolved cellulose was then regenerated to reform a cellulose

Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber is considered as an ideal reinforcing component due to its high strength-to-weight ratio, good toughness and high chemical and wear resistance. However, poor interfacial adhesion with polymer matrices has hindered the development of UHMWPE-based composites with high performance. This review is intended to understand how physical and chemical changes

This study investigated the effects of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) content on hygrothermal ageing behaviors and mechanisms of flax fiber-reinforced epoxy (FFRE) laminates. CNFs/FFRE laminates containing 0.25–2.0 wt% CNFs were fabricated and immersed in distilled water for 180 days. Water absorption and tensile as well as thermodynamic properties were investigated. The research results showed that CNFs

Automated Fiber Placement (AFP) technology enables the efficient production of large carbon fiber reinforced composite structures with complex surfaces. AFP has a wide range of tow placement angles, and the users can design layup angles so that they can tailor the performance of the structure. However, despite the design freedom, the industry generally adopts a layering of 0°, 90°, and ±45°ply-drop

Portable electronic devices have become widespread in recent years and promoted urgent demand of reducing their size and weight. Here, the composite copper and nickel-plated polymethacrylimide foams ([email protected] and [email protected]) were prepared via electroless plating method. The surface electrical conductivity of the [email protected] and [email protected] composite foams reach to 1.06×104

Z-pinned laminates and sandwich materials are an important class of composites with current applications in aircraft and emerging uses in other light-weight engineered products. This paper reviews research advances in the manufacture, microstructural chacterisation, mechanical properties, environmental durability and other functional properties (e.g. electrical, thermal, damage sensing) of z-pinned

Functionally graded MWCNT-HA composites were fabricated via hetero-aggregation and spark plasma sintering (SPS) process. The functionally-graded MWCNT–HA composites were further pressurelessly sintered at 1373 K in air condition to decompose the MWCNTs in the HA matrix. Consequently, structurally graded porous hydroxyapatite (HA) was successfully fabricated by introducing, followed by decomposing,

To develop a composite with high in-plane properties and sufficient delamination resistance, a quasi-three-dimensional (Q3D) woven composite has been designed. In Q3D, some yarns in each layer are woven into those in the adjacent layers and form a 3D interlocking network. This study examines the performance of a carbon fiber/SC-15 epoxy triaxial Q3D [(0°/60°/−60°)4] composite. For comparison, a [0°/60°/−60°]4

This paper presents the first comparative study of fabricating reference porous media with three different additive manufacturing (AM) techniques, namely Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM), Stereolithography (SLA) and HP Multi Jet Fusion (MJF). Various parameters in each step of these 3D printed reference media that contribute to model inaccuracy, including the intrinsic limitations of each printing

Structural composite materials with good impact resistance are required in several industrial sectors to design parts submitted to crashes or falling objects. This work investigates the impact behaviour of flax fabrics-epoxy and commingled flax-polypropylene (PP) fibres composite plates manufactured using compression moulding process. An instrumented drop tower was used to conduct low velocity impact

In spite of its short cycle time, the reactive process is hardly utilized to produce carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastics (CFRTPs) due to relatively poor interfacial interactions between the carbon fiber and thermoplastic. To improve the mechanical strength of PA-6 CFRTP produced by reactive process, a caprolactam modified phenoxy-based sizing material was prepared. The sizing material acted as an

Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies have experienced a substantial growth in recent decades, AM technologies are able to fabricate and build complicated customized geometry composites without extra tools, and execute multi-materials manufacturing that conventional manufacturing methods cannot offer. This review investigated current AM technologies, including liquid, solid, powder and hybrid of

This study focuses on investigating thermoplastic polymers and their interphase behaviour with the fast-curing epoxy system Araldite LY3585/Aradur 3475. The three compatible thermoplastic polymers poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), amorphous polyamide (PA12TR90), and poly(hydroxy ether) (phenoxy) were chosen to determine their affinity and interphase formation with the epoxy system. The final concept

Recently, inexpensive and readily available bio-renewable microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) has been explored as a filler to mechanically reinforce thermoplastic matrices. Most research focuses on surface modification of MCC to improve dispersion in the polymer matrix. Herein, two screw configurations (low shear (LS) and high shear (HS)) were designed for twin-screw extrusion to investigate the effect

Inspired by sedimentary rock structure, we demonstrate a flexible heterogeneous multilayered film with high thermal conductivity (TC) and excellent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance by stacking and concentrating graphene nanosheets (GNS) into alternating conductive layers. Typically, the multilayered film with alternating cellulose nanofiber (CNF) layers and conductive CNF/GNS

In this study, a novel approach of processing μCT images to create digital material twins is presented. A deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) was implemented and used to segment μCT images of two different types of reinforcement (2D glass and 3D carbon). The DCNN successfully segmented the images based on multi-scale features extracted using data-driven convolutional filters. The network was trained

The purpose of this research is to study the fatigue behaviors of 3D five-directional braided composites with different braiding angles subjected to longitudinal and transversal compression loads. Compressive fatigue tests were conducted under cyclic stress ratio of R = 0.1 with frequency at f = 5 Hz to study fatigue characteristics by establishing cyclic creep curves, hysteresis loop curves, peak

Weld lines (WLs) are among the most detrimental defects affecting polymer composites. While they have been extensively studied in short fibre composites, their effects on tow-based composites are largely unknown. In this study, tow-based carbon fibre sheet moulding compounds were used to compression mould plates with WLs. Three different WLs configurations were considered: WLs in (1) low-flow moulding

The paper tackles the multi-objective optimisation of the cure stage of the Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Moulding (VARTM) process to manufacture the root insert of wind turbine blades. The aim of the study is to compare the Pareto front obtained from a pure heat transfer analysis, where temperature overshoot is an objective, with the one achieved when a coupled thermo-mechanical analysis is used

Particle-level simulation is used to predict the motion of short glass fibers in a center-gated disk during injection molding to evaluate its applicability to the prediction of the fiber orientation distribution. The interaction of the flexible fibers is included in the simulation, and the experimentally obtained fiber length distribution and inlet orientation are used as initial conditions. In the

In this work, a fully biodegradable poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) biocomposite was fabricated from ultrafine PBS fiber and waste paper (WP) using a paper-manufacturing and compression molding method. A PBS biocomposite containing 60 wt% WP showed a tensile strength, elongation at break, flexural strength, flexural modulus, interlaminar shear strength (ILSS), and impact strength of 78.1 MPa, 11.1%

Based on the varying fiber orientation in injection-molded composites, this study is focused on characterizing the fiber matrix adhesion of varying embedding angles of regenerated cellulose fibers (RCF) and glass fibers (GF) in a Polypropylene (PP) matrix with varying contents of maleic anhydride acid (MAPP) as coupling agent. The interfacial shear strength (IFSS) and critical fiber length (lc) were

Flexible and controllable self-regulating heating devices with positive temperature coefficient (PTC) behaviour are potentially excellent candidates in applications like healthcare, soft robotics, artificial skin and wearable electronics. Although extensive studies have been carried out in this field to understand the mechanism of PTC effect, rather limited conclusions have been reached. Many controversies

Repair of damaged aircraft structural parts is a regular maintenance activity carried out to preserve airworthiness while being economically viable. Conventional repair techniques used have negative impact on the repair quality and environment due to dust emission. For eliminating aforementioned problem, this study investigates controlled depth abrasive water jet (AWJ) milling for repair procedure

This study aims to increase effectivity of the overmolding approach for thermoset/thermoplastics hybrid composites. The samples were prepared by overmolding of polyamide-6 (PA6) onto fully cured continuous carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy composites with the aid of hot melt adhesives. Specifically, the influence of hot melt adhesive application at the interface between the thermoset and thermoplastic

Carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastics (CFRTPs) are becoming of interest to mass production industries. In this study, we investigated the characteristics of the direct bonding technique to join an aluminum alloy and a CFRTP laminate by fabricating a nanostructure on the aluminum alloy surface. The effect of the nanostructure on the fracture toughness and the damage mechanisms were investigated. The

As the paradigm of production, use and consumption is currently shifting towards a circular economy, measures must be taken in the field of composite laminate recycling in order to prevent environmental pollution. In an effort to capitalise on the recyclability of thermoplastic composite laminates, a selection of in-house recycling and reuse routes are highlighted and compared in this research paper

Aerogel particle filled epoxy was fabricated in this work by investigating the effect of resin viscosity on pore infiltration and density of resulting composites. Aerogel porous structure was successfully preserved by carefully selecting epoxy viscosity for mixing procedure. The effect of aerogel content and particle size was subsequently investigated on thermal conductivity and compressive properties

Dielectric materials with ultrahigh power density play an important role in modern electrical applications. Herein, we propose and demonstrate a class of newly designed multilayered polymer nanocomposites prepared via a systemically optimized electrospinning method. These multilayered nanocomposites are stacked with P(VDF-HFP) layers and P(VDF-HFP)/BaTiO3 layers alternately. Our results uncover that

The ability to prevent catastrophic failures in secondary bonded CFRP adhesive joints is important for reliable automotive and aerospace structures. In a previous study, we proposed an innovative damage-tolerant interfacial design concept for adhesively bonded composite joints, which relied on the extrinsic dissipation of bridging adhesive ligaments enabled by controlling the adhesion at CFRP/epoxy

This work fabricated absorption-dominated and low reflection microwave shielding material in X band (8.2–12.4 GHz). Short chopped carbon fibers (CFs) were aligned vertically on short chopped CF felt with the help of electrostatic flocking technique, and epoxy resin was chosen as matrix to support such structure. Vertical alignment of chopped CFs efficiently reduces surficial reflection to let microwave

To cater to the complex needs in gas monitoring under harsh conditions, highly reliable and highly customized gas sensors with excellent sensing performance are in demand. Body-centered periodical mullite based ammonia sensors were fabricated by 3D printing for highly reliable ammonia detection. The printed substrates were modified with Ag nanoparticles decorated PANI network. NH3 molecules can react

Excellent thermal management capacity is urgently required to tackle booming heat flux density of electronic devices. As an attractive building block in constructing functional materials, graphene oxide (GO) is plagued with low thermal conductivity (TC). In this contribution, we constructed aligned hybrid network in the GO film to ameliorate multifaceted performance. Silicon carbide nanowires (SiCNWs)

MOF-derived magnetic carbon nanotubes microwave absorbers have been prepared by some researchers, but how to control the length and quantity of MOF-derived carbon nanotubes is still a big challenge. In this work, the number and length of carbon nanotubes were regulated by introducing Fe atoms into the bimetallic Zn-Co MOFs and optimizing the composition proportion of Zn2+ and Co2+ in the precursor

In this work, a composite phase change material was prepared by introducing silica-stabilized polyethylene glycol (PEG) into the porous structure of solid wood by temperature-assisted sol-gel method. Thermal properties, moisture adsorption and dimensional stability of the modified wood were tested and analyzed with help of morphology and structure characterization. The results show that SiO2 network

The oriented graphene could construct an effective heat transfer path in composites with low filler loading. However, electrical conductivity and hygroscopicity caused by functionalized graphene has been ignored, which would decay the lifetime of power devices with the composites as thermal managing materials. In this work, SiC nanowires with high thermal conductivity and hydrophobicity were introduced

Honeycomb core sandwich structures are co-cured to bond partially cured thermoset prepreg facesheets with an adhesive layer to both sides of the honeycomb core under a pre-defined pressure and temperature cycle in an autoclave. In the Equilibrated (Open-core) co-cure process, the honeycomb core cells are vented to the vacuum bag. Although the co-curing is advantageous over the secondary bonding process

Nonmetals from the waste printed circuit board (NPCB) is the byproduct of waste printed circuit board recycling industry. The recycling of tons of NPCB for a clean environment and value-added product is still a great challenge. In this work, the possibility and feasibility of using NPCB to fabrication value-added thermal management materials are evaluated for the first time. The mechanical properties

Herein, macro-scale fibre was modified with nano-scale filler to produce multiscale composites. Glass fibres were spray-coated with aqueous suspensions of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) containing different dispersing agents such as gum Arabic (GA), Chinese black ink (INK) and nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC). The coated fabrics were stacked together with epoxy binder to produce composite laminates

In this study, baseline-free defect characterization for both flat and ply-drop composites were proposed using frequency dependence of ultrasound reflections. This frequency dependence of ultrasound interaction with delamination and resin layers in composites were investigated through CIVA® simulation and experimental investigation. To extract quantitative data of frequency dependence of ultrasonic

Silver nanowire based flexible transparent electrodes (AgNW FTEs) are the most promising next-generation electrodes for flexible electronics. Novel [email protected]:PSS (AgNW-MP) FTEs were fabricated by solution process, and flexible organic light emitting diodes (FOLED) were further demonstrated. Interactions between Ti3C2Tx MXene and PEDOT:PSS allow a high conductive quinoid state of PEDOT:PSS and

Aeronautical industries address the structural reliability of designs by defining design allowables that account for any uncertainties. The Composite Materials Handbook-17 proposes A/B-basis values as design allowables. In this study, a new methodology to estimate the design allowables of the Compression After Impact (CAI) strength is presented. The CAI strength is predicted with high-fidelity simulations

Light-weight Polyethylene/Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/Fe3O4/Carbon nanotubes (PE/PVDF/Fe3O4/CNTs) nanocomposite foams with efficient electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance were prepared using green processing methods of melt blending and supercritical CO2 foaming. The microwave- absorbing ability of the PE/PVDF/Fe3O4/CNTs nanocomposite foams were significantly improved. Moreover, due

The tow-sliding defect also referred to as gapping that appears during complex shaping of woven reinforcements is due to a loss of cohesion in the fabric. The cohesion of the fabric tends to keep the tows from sliding under tension. This cohesion depends on the frictional behavior of the tows mainly. Other factors such as the weave of the fabric, the tensions and shear state of the fabric during forming

High-efficiency thermal management materials have attracted increasingly more attention in the heat dissipation of electronic chips, LED light and electro-thermal heating. Herein, we judiciously designed and synthesized thermally conductive nanocomposite films with tunable electrical conductivity, by assembly of graphene oxide (GO) and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanosheets. Specfically, the GO/BN/cellulose

This paper presents a multifunctional honeycomb core with nickel-coated fabric (NCF) prepared via electroless plating, which combines microwave heating and absorbing functionalities based on the transformation of electromagnetic (EM) wave energy into thermal energy through molecular frictional force and dielectric loss. The proposed microwave heating and absorbing honeycomb core (MHAHC) is designed

Carbon fibre is not widely recycled due to the inconsistent tensile properties of the recycled carbon fibre (RCF). It is unclear whether the surface treatments for virgin carbon fibre (VCF) have an impact on the quality of RCF. This paper presents an experimental investigation into the effect of epoxy sizing and electrochemical oxidation for VCF on the tensile and surface properties of RCF recycled

Interleaving a laminated composite with thermoplastic particles is known as an effective method to improve the interlaminar fracture toughness. In this work, to provide useful insight into what particle characteristics are the most critical to the toughening effect, the interlaminar fracture behaviours of carbon fibre/epoxy composites interleaved with different types of nylon 6 and 12 particles were

In this work, the well-dispersed functionalized MWCNTs (f-MWCNTs), which was fabricated by simply decorating the polyether amine (M2070) and organosilanes (KH560) chains, has been applied as filler in preparation of the epoxy/f-MWCNTs microcellular foam through batch foaming process with supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2). Compared with acidified MWCNT (acid-MWCNTs) without decorating the organic

A simple, efficient and eco-friendly method was developed for improving the interfacial adhesion of bamboo fibers (BFs) reinforced poly(lactic acid) (PLA) biocomposites. A biobased monomer, i.e., epoxidized soybean oil (ESO), was used to in-situ polymerize at the interface between BFs and PLA matrix for forming a polymerized ESO interfacial layer. FTIR and XPS analyses confirmed that the poly(ESO)