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Gamma radiation shielding efficiency of some different ceramic composites: A comparative study Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 E. Hannachi, M.I. Sayyed, Y. Slimani, M. Elsafi
The development of a non-toxic, and low-cost material that offers good shielding against harmful ionizing radiation is highly demanded. This work offers a strategy for combining ceramic composites and carbon nanotubes to produce composites with desirable radiation shielding properties. First, we successfully prepared barium titanate (BT) ceramic by sol-gel auto-combustion method. Then, a series of
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Study of the production of radioisotopes at IFMIF-DONES: 177Lu with deuterons Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 E. López-Melero, F. García-Infantes, F. Arias de Saavedra, L. Fernández-Maza, I. Porras, A. Roldán, J. Praena
The production of radioisotopes for nuclear medicine is boosted by different international agencies. The International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility - Demo Oriented NEutron Source (IFMIF-DONES) will be a infrastructure for testing under high neutron flux the materials to be used in future DEMO fusion reactor. IFMIF-DONES will generate neutrons by means of the impact of a high-power deuteron
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Study of poly allyl diglycol carbonate Kinetics treatment induced by ultrasonic frequency plasma Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 M.F. Zaki, H.T. Mohsen, A.M. Rashad, ShI. Elkalashy
This research reveals the possibility of altering the structural, surface, fluorescence, and optical characteristics of CR-39 polymer detector by the effect of Ultrasonic frequency (UF) plasma argon gas. The samples were exposed to the plasma at different times ranging from 20 min to 100 min. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, contact angle goniometer, surface roughness tester, photoluminescence
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Experimental evaluation of electrospun ZnO/WO3/PVA-coated glass nanocomposites for a potential radiation dosimetry application Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Laith Ahmad Mousa Migdadi, Nur Izzati Ariffin, Siti Nafisah Nasri, Liping Zhou, Ramzun Maizan Ramli, Nurul Zahirah Noor Azman
This research aimed to fabricate a potential radiation dosimeter using electrospun ZnO/WO/PVA-coated glass nanocomposites. Samples with varying ZnO molarities (2.46, 3.69, 4.91, 5, and 7 M) and 5 wt% of WO collected at different times were examined. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) revealed favorable nanofiber morphology, although certain
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Evaluation of the shielding effectiveness of a non-toxic, double-layered BaSO4/W composite against diagnostic X-rays Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Kenji Nakamura, Kazuki Kubo, Makoto Hirata, Yusuke Sakai, Yasunori Nakamura, Hiroyuki Kosaka, Hajime Monzen
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shielding effectiveness of a non-toxic double layer of barium sulfate and tungsten with disclosed elemental compositions against diagnostic X-rays. Three variations of the radiation shielding material were created: one mainly composed of tungsten (mW), another mainly composed of barium sulfate (mBa), and a third composed of a blend of barium sulfate and
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Neutron and gamma-ray shielding effectiveness of novel polyaniline composites Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Deniz Agehan Kahraman, Fatma Tuba Cogalmis, Ayse Nur Esen, Sevilay Haciyakupoglu, Bahire Filiz Senkal
This study uses experimental, theoretical, and Monte Carlo simulation techniques to investigate the neutron and gamma-ray shielding performances of polyaniline-based composites filled with different amounts of formic acid, boron nitride, and boric acid. The radiation shielding performances of composites were evaluated at neutron energies of 0.025 eV, 1 keV, and 10 MeV, and gamma-ray energy of 662 keV
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Melatonin administration in testicular damage caused by low and high-dose rate radiotherapy: An experimental study Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Esra Erdem, Tansel Sapmaz, Serhat Aras, Kubra Sevgin, Kubra Basol Baki, Sude Topkaraoglu, Eray Metin Guler, Kursat Nuri Baydili, Muhammetnur Tekayev, Beyza Nur Ozkan, Fatma Sena Dumlu, Oktay Irkorucu
This study aimed to explore the radioprotective effect of melatonin against acute testicular injury caused by low- and high-dose-rate radiotherapy in rats. A total of 40 12-week-old adult male rats were divided into 5 groups (n = 8). Group 1 comprised control rats who were not subjected to any procedures. A single dose of 8 Gy (Gy) radiotherapy was administered to the abdominopelvic regions of Group
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A method for correcting self-absorption shown in fluorescence XAFS spectra Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Hiroyuki Setoyama, Ichiro Hirosawa
X-ray-absorption fine-structure (XAFS) measurement by the fluorescence-yield (FY) method can be applied to samples of various shapes and concentrations. However, it is known that XAFS spectra obtained by the FY method do not precisely reflect the original X-ray absorption of the sample due to the self-absorption effect. We therefore propose a method for correcting the self-absorption by using FY XAFS
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Assessment of early DNA damage induced in human fibroblasts by four therapeutic radionuclides using Geant4-DNA Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Zahra Jalalvand, Parviz Zobdeh, Vahid Esmaeili Sani
Quantifying the initial damage induction is necessary to understand the dependence of the late effects on radiation quality. This study was conducted to better understand the effects of therapeutic radionuclides on human cells and to improve the therapeutic efficacy of TRT. In this study, early direct and indirect DNA damage induced by four widely used therapeutic radionuclides (Y-90, I-131, Lu-177
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Characterization study of Co0.9Ni0.1Fe2O4 as a heavy metal absorbing material Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Martha Rianna, Tri Puspa Kinanti, Timbangen Sembiring, Erwin Amiruddin, Erman Taer, Muhammad Khalid Hussain, Eko Arief Setiadi, Anggito P. Tetuko, Perdamean Sebayang
This research uses co-precipitation to synthesize cobalt nickel ferrite as a heavy metal absorbing material from natural iron sand. The co-precipitation method was applied with temperature calcination of 700 °C for two hours. Characterization of crystal structure using X-ray diffraction (XRD), characterization of magnetic properties using Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM), and characterization of
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Assessment of effective dose and cancer risk for pediatric chest and pelvis CT procedures in the central region of Saudi Arabia Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Khaled Alenazi, Haitham Alahmad, Sultan Algamdi, Ali Alhailiy, Essam Alkhybari, Ahmad Alhulail, Nada Fisal, Salman Albeshan
CT accounts for the highest radiation dose among various imaging modalities. Children are more susceptible to the harmful effects of radiation because of their higher cell-division rate and the likelihood of longer lifespans. Therefore, it is important to monitor pediatric CT doses to minimize their potential risks. The objective of this study was to evaluate the radiation doses received by pediatrics
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An approach of radiological impact analysis due to a simulated accident of the TRIGA research reactor of Bangladesh Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 M.A. Khaer, M.A. Hoq, S.M.T. Hassan, M.T. Chowdhury, M.M. Rahman
The present study focused on the radiological impact analysis by assessing radiological doses due to a postulated TRIGA Mark-II research reactor accident at AERE, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Core inventory and source term of radionuclides from different groups such as noble gas, halogen, tellurium, alkali metal, lanthanide, alkaline earth metal, cerium and transition metal were analyzed for 365 days
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Development of lead-free metal carbides and ceramic decorated HDPE composites for low energy X-ray shielding applications Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Kholoud S. Al-mugren, Layan Almalki, Razan Alshehri, Shahad Alamri, Mansour Almurayshid, Mohammed Alsuhybani, Rayan Alharbi, Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
Materials with high atomic numbers are effective for shielding ionizing radiation. However, some, such as lead, are toxic, and their disposal causes environmental damage. Polymer composites are a good choice for radiation shielding because they are environmentally friendly, lightweight and non-toxic. This study investigated the possibility of using high-density polyethylenhe (HDPE) composites doped
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Novel 3D-Printed lead-free radiation protection apron in the medical X-ray and thermal neutron energy range Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Hasan Ogul, Batuhan Gultekin, Hatice Yildiz, Hakan Us, Fatih Bulut
In this study, we employed 3D printing technology to fabricate poly lactic acid (PLA) polymer samples infused with gadolinium oxide nanoparticles at additive rates of 10% and 20%. The objective was to explore their potential as radiation shielding aprons within the medical X-ray and thermal neutron energy spectrum. To facilitate comparisons, a PLA polymer sample with no additive was also produced.
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Typical values statistical analysis for adult chest and abdomen-pelvis CT examinations Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Paulo Roberto Costa, Jullianna Cristina de Oliveira Castro, Isabella Paziam Fernandes Nunes, Denise Yanikian Nersissian, Márcio Yamada Sawamura, Hilton Leão Filho, Alessandra Tomal
The use of DRLs has been extensively documented in the literature as a tool for protocol optimization across different x-ray imaging modalities in different countries. It recognizes the importance of developing and validating methods capable of correlating DRL quantities (CTDI, DLP and SSDE) with the technical parameters employed in CT studies. Such correlations must be supported by robust statistical
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Effect of mixed rare earth cations on structure, optical, mechanical and radiation shielding parameters of Na2O–B2O3 glass Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Afaf M. Babeer, Hesham Y. Amin, M.I. Sayyed, Abd El-razek Mahmoud, M.S. Sadeq
The value of rare earth-containing glasses continues to increase, resulting in a higher cost for producing such glasses. The reduction in rare earth content reduces the cost of the production process. Investigating whether it is possible to prepare glasses with low rare earth (such as Dy and Sm) contents is valuable. In this work, the impacts of / substitutions on borate glass's structural, optical
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Optimization of the structural, optical and electrical properties of PVA/V2O5 for shielding applications Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 W.A. Abd El-Ghany, A.M. Ismail, Z.Y. Khattari, Nahed H. Teleb
Recently, polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) have been improved for many applications, such as shielding applications. Pure polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyvinyl alcohol/vanadium pentoxide (PVA/VO) with different weight percentages of VO have been prepared for this purpose. The structure of prepared samples has been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Attenuated Total Reflectance - Fourier Transform
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An anomalous low dose phenomenon in gamma irradiated BaTiO3-based commercial multilayer ceramic capacitors Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Ping Yang, Binghuang Duan, Ting Zheng, Jiagen Peng, Juan Su, Dechao Meng, Quanfeng Zhou
Owing to its miniaturization and high dielectric permittivity, BaTiO-based multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) have attracted more and more attention in recent years, and are widely used in gamma-ray environments, such as nuclear and space application. Compared to the extensively studied thermal or electrical reliability issues, the potential risks caused by irradiation have not been well understood
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Assessment of neutron and gamma-ray shielding characteristics in ternary composites: Experimental analysis and Monte Carlo simulations Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 F. Akman, O. Kilicoglu, H. Ogul, H. Ozdogan, M.R. Kacal, H. Polat
The research aims to exploring the gamma-ray shielding capacities of polyacrylonitrile/chrome-filled polymer composites through a combination of experimental, theoretical and simulation methods. Additionally, employing MCNPv6 and GEANT4 simulation tools, the study evaluates the materials' performance against neutron radiation. The materials were subjected to various gamma-ray energy levels, and their
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Gamma-ray, fast neutron and charged particle shielding performance of 15Li2O-25BaO-(40-x)B2O3-20P2O5-xDy2O3 glass system Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 M. Aygun
Gamma-ray, fast neutron and charged particle shielding characteristics of Dy activated glasses with composition 15LiO-25BaO-(40-x)BO-20PO-xDyO (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 mol) are analyzed in a wide incident energy for the first time. For gamma-ray shielding analysis, mass attenuation coefficient (MAC), mass energy absorption coefficient (), linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), mean free path
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Comparison between manual-calculated and IndoseCT-calculated SSDE based on Deff and Dw methods on truncated CT images Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Mustapha Alhaji Barde, Choirul Anam, Mohd Amir Syahmi Mat Razali, Hafizah Mohd Naharuddin, Fatanah Mohamad Suhaimi, Nor Ashidi Mat Isa, Noor Diyana Osman
Size-specific dose estimation (SSDE) is suggested for accurate measurement of CT dose. Various methods have been developed for SSDE calculation by both manual and automated methods. However, truncation artefact may affect the specific size determination and SSDE calculation. In this article, we evaluate how truncation affects measurements of SSDE and compare the manual SSDE measurement based on individual
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A novel approach to accelerate training in artificial neural network to detect three-phase flows using a gamma source and a detector Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Hasan Gharaghani Pour, Mohammad Reza Shojaei
Measuring the percentage of mass fraction of multiphase flow in pipelines is one of the most significant issues in the petrochemical oil industry. In this research, The mass fraction in three-phase flow has been determined with artificial neural network. There are various ways to accelerate the neural network that in this study, changing the activation function and normalizing the data has been considered
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Is alpha spectroscopy possible with superheated emulsion detector? Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 T. Morlat, A. Kling, A.C. Fernandes, M. Felizardo, J.G. Marques, F.P. Carvalho
In this work we develop a model where superheated emulsion detectors have the capacity to be used in α-spectroscopy of liquid source and we have found evidence that alpha-spectroscopy is theoretically possible under some circumstances to be explained. Experimental results for different refrigerant and radioactive source with α energies ranging from 4 to 6 MeV were analyzed to check the validity of
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Thermoluminescence characteristics of gamma-irradiated nano-alumina Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 S. Mammadov, M. Gurbanov, L. Ahmadzade, A. Abishov
The focus of this study lies in exploring the properties of thermoluminescence (TL) in nano-alumina, including the correlation between TL intensity and absorbed dose, identification of individual luminescence peaks, and investigation of trap parameters for potential dosimetry applications. The samples were irradiated by Co with doses ranging from 530 to 2646 Gy. Micro-sized α-AlO had a prominent dosimetry
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Influence of ZnCl2 on gamma attenuation and radiation shielding of tellurite glasses containing Bi2O3 and B2O3 Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Norah Alomayrah, Raed A. Alsulami, Mubarak M. Albarqi, Z.A. Alrowaili, Canel Eke, Nissren Tamam, Alshahrani B, M.S. Al-Buriahi
This paper investigates the influence of ZnCl on the gamma attenuation and radiation shielding properties of tellurite glasses incorporating BiO and BO. Employing Geant4 simulation and XCOM program, the study explores the impact of varying ZnCl content on different gamma attenuation parameters such as linear attenuation coefficient (μ), radiation protection efficiency (RPE), effective atomic number
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Comparing the output of measured and GEANT4 simulated X-ray tubes Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Molly Kirkpatrick, Sean Hood, Susanna Guatelli, Yves Van Haarlem
Monte Carlo simulation codes that model particle interactions with matter, including GEANT4, can be used to support the development of novel X-ray tubes and instruments for applications in industry and research. Based on our knowledge, simulations of the output of transmission-geometry X-ray tubes have not yet been conducted in GEANT4. Simulations of reflection-geometry tubes are scarce, with a limited
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Understanding the X-ray emission spectrum after excitation with a source of X-rays: From theory to experiment Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Jorge E. Fernández, Gianmarco Grippo, Francesco Teodori, Viviana Scot
The modified Boltzmann-Chandrasekhar equation of transport for photons is the proper framework for describing the photon radiation field with a complete description of the polarization state. The characterization of the radiation field requires a detailed knowledge of the interactions of photons with mater and comprises also the contribution of the secondary electrons to the photon field through mechanisms
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The Hirshfeld topological surfaces, volumes, and their voids charge density interplay on radiation shielding properties: A case study of carbide-based ceramics Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Z.Y. Khattari
Transition metal carbides (TMCs) are explored for their potential as radiation shielding materials, with a focus on their γ-ray attenuation properties. These high-density materials, including WC, TaC, HfC, NbC, and VC, are evaluated across an energy range of 0.015–15.0 MeV. Notably, at low incoming photon energy (0.0150 MeV), these TMCs exhibit mass attenuation coefficients (MAC) (TMC, MAC (g/cm)):
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Exploring the impact of Bi2O3 particle size on the efficacy of dimethylpolysiloxane for medical gamma/X-rays shielding applications Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Aljawhara H. Almuqrin, M.I. Sayyed, Mayeen Uddin Khandaker, Mohamed Elsafi
In this work, the effect of the particle size range on dimethylpolysiloxane (DMPS) on the attenuation properties was investigated. The control sample was prepared consisting of 50% DMPS+50% BiO-MPs and referred (DMPS-BiO). Microparticles (MPs) were gradually replaced by Nanoparticles (NPs) to fabricate five samples coded by (DMPS-BiO), (DMPS-BiO), (DMPS-BiO), (DMPS-BiO), (DMPS-BiO), and (DMPS-BiO)
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Gamma attenuation, dose rate and exposure/absorption buildup factors of apatite–wollastonite (AW) ceramic system Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Norah Alomayrah, Marzoqa M. Alnairi, Z.A. Alrowaili, B. Alshahrani, Mine Kırkbınar, I.O. Olarinoye, Halil Arslan, M.S. Al-Buriahi
Apatite-wollastonite (AW) is an important biomaterial useful in clinical practice for tissue engineering and other applications. In this research paper, AW and BO-doped AW glass ceramics (GCs) were reported and investigated deeply by means of their ability to attenuate gamma-photons. The studied samples denoted by AW, AW-10B, and AW-20B as the BO content from 0 to 20 mol% with the step of 10. Using
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Surface topography and microstructure changes of ultrafine-grained graphite prepared from filler of onion-like carbon spheres by Xe ions irradiation Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Pengda Li, Pengfei Lian, Jinliang Song, Heyao Zhang, Jinxing Cheng, Qingbo Wang, Zhanjun Liu, Zhongfeng Tang
Onion-like carbon spheres (OLC) were doped into the traditional graphite raw material system to decrease the pore diameter to ∼400 nm, with potential for use in molten salt reactors. The obtained graphite (OLCG) prepared from OLC was subjected to 7 MeV Xe irradiation in this work, and a systematic investigation was conducted to verify its irradiation behavior. The surface morphology and microstructural
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Monte Carlo simulation of two Siemens Biograph PET/CT system using GATE: Image quality performance Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Rahal Saaidi, Abdelkrim Zeghari, Rajaa Cherkaoui El Moursli
The utilization of Monte Carlo simulation is a highly effective method in advancing research within the field of nuclear medicine. An important software tool for simulating and modeling cutting-edge systems for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is the Geant4 Application for Tomographic Emission (GATE). This research specifically concentrates on two Siemens PET scanners: the Siemens Biograph True point
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Characterization of flour produced from gamma irradiated dried cassava (Manihot esculenta) chips Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Jonathan O. Armah, Victoria Appiah, Martin N.Y.H. Egblewogbe, Fidelis C.K. Ocloo
This study presented characteristics of flour obtained from gamma irradiated dried cassava chips. Thirteen-month-old white-flesh cassava roots () were purchased from an experimental farm of the Crops Research Institute of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Ghana. The cassava roots were cleaned, peeled, washed and processed into cassava chips and then oven-dried. The dried cassava chips
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Development of a novel method for rapid and accurate determination of Ra-226 activity in soil by NaI (TI) spectrometer Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Shuaibin Liu, Zhongkai Fan, Ruomei Xie, Tao Hu, Shicheng Luo, Shuai Yuan, Huiying Li, Jiulin Wu, Haibo Yi, Jiale Sun, Xinyue Yang, Xianfa Mao, Zhipeng Liu, Chenxi Zu, Feng Xiao, Hongbo Xu, Hongzhi Yuan, Yanliang Tan
Radiation measurements are critical in radiation physics, and it is vital to recognize the potential adverse effects on human health. Ra-226 constitutes the primary naturally occurring radioactive element in soil, holding substantial effect on both human health and the environment. Traditional method for determining Ra-226 activity through gamma spectrometry necessitates an extended sample holding
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Molecular processes for radiosensitizer compounds upon electron interactions Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Pinal Mer, Chetan Limbachiya
This work presents a theoretical analysis of electron impact elastic and inelastic processes for oxygen mimic and fluorinated radiosensitizer molecules over a wide energy range, spanning from ionization potential (IP) to 5 keV. The computation to determine elastic (), inelastic cross sections () and total cross sections ( is done through the Spherical Complex Optical Potential (SCOP) formalism and
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Properties and stability of atomic layer deposition modified track-etched single conical nanopore Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Xiaorui Zhu, Ceming Wang, Lin Wang
In recent years, nanopores have been developed extensively for prospective applications in sensing biomolecules, and their performance greatly depends on the surface properties of nanopores. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a new and well-established technology for depositing thin films. In this study, the stability and ionic transport behavior of ALD-modified track-etched single conical nanopores
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KERMA, projected range, mass stopping power and gamma-ray shielding properties of antimony and tellurium reinforced iron phosphate glasses Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Hatice Yilmaz Alan, Ayberk Yilmaz, Lidya Amon Susam, Gizem Ozturk, Gokhan Kilic, Erkan Ilik, Sener Oktik, Baki Akkus, Ghada ALMisned, H.O. Tekin
In this study, the radiation shielding effectiveness of iron phosphate glass (FeO–PO) doped with antimony (Sb) and tellurium (Te) is assessed in detail using advanced computational methods. The projected range, mass stopping power, and KERMA (Kinetic Energy Released per unit MAss) for fourteen different iron phosphate glass samples are calculated through the PAGEX and SRIM software. Mass attenuation
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Assessing the efficiency of lead-free XCr2Te4 chalcogenide spinels alloys in ionizing radiation attenuation: A study with MCNP-code Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 M. Kh. Hamad, K.A. Mahmoud, M.H.A. Mhareb, M.I. Sayyed, M.A. Abu Baker, Y.S.M. Alajerami
The MCNP-5 code was utilized to simulate the mass attenuation coefficient (MAC) of a novel series of chalcogenide spinels called XCrTe (where X represents Co, Fe, and Cu). Following preparation through the conventional solid-state reaction method, the samples exhibited densities ranging from 6.42 to 7.04 g cm. By comparing the obtained results with the XCOM data, we observed a significant correlation
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Short-term fading studies on optically stimulated luminescence in LiMgPO4:Er Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Li Fu, Kaiyong Tang, Siyuan Zhang, Mo Zhou, Haijun Fan
The main drawback of LiMgPO is high fading. In order to improve the time stability of the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) signal of LiMgPO after irradiation, five preparation processes had been adopted to prepare five kinds of LiMgPO:Er phosphor. The structure of the prepared samples was analyzed by X-ray diffraction. The OSL decay curves, thermoluminescence (TL) glow curves, OSL sensitivity
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Conceptual design of a low-dose multi-parameter imaging system: Positron annihilation interaction-transmission imaging (PAITI) Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Rasool Safari, Reza Faghihi
The feasibility of Positron Annihilation Interaction-Transmission Imaging (PAITI), a novel 2D imaging modality based on positron annihilation photons, has been demonstrated through theoretical analysis and GATE Monte Carlo simulations. This system consists of two pixelated detectors on opposite sides of a point-like positron source. The object under investigation is positioned between the source and
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Dosimetric verification on HIMM at the Wuwei heavy ion therapy center using anthropomorphic phantoms Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Peng Li, Xiu-Lan Fei, Peng-Bo He, Xiao Shen, Qiang Li, Ying-Yao Chen
Heavy Ion Medical Machine (HIMM) at Wuwei Heavy Ion Therapy Center has been officially approved. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the dosimetric stability and safety of HIMM prior to subsequent clinical trials. Dosimetric verification of treatment plans was conducted using anthropomorphic phantoms in a uniformly scanned beam delivery mode. Both head-and-neck and thoracoabdominal regions of
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Analysis of graphite-paraffin composite in neutron radiography, impact resistance, and thermal neutron attenuation Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Adam Haziq Mohamad Fahmi, Muhammad Arif Sazali, Khairiah Yazid, Asyraf Arif Abu Bakar, Nur Syazwani Mohd Ali, Khairulnadzmi Jamaluddin, Muhammad Syahir Sarkawi
In this study, samples of paraffin-graphite composite were prepared to evaluate the effects of graphite on the impact resistance and neutron attenuation of the composite. This is to address the need for novel-formulated polymers for radiation surveying robots that can withstand radiation effects while having good mechanical properties. The composite samples were made using the melt-mixing method. An
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Experimental investigation of structural and radiation shielding features of Li2O-BaO-ZnO-B2O3-Bi2O3 glass systems Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 M.I. Sayyed, M.H.A. Mhareb, Betül Ceviz Şakar, K.A. Mahmoud, Erdem Şakar, Hammam Abdurabu Thabit, Kawa M. Kaky, S.O. Baki
To investigate the effects of increasing the amount of BiO in the glass composition, a novel glass system was created with the following chemical composition: 5LiO-5BaO-10ZnO-(30-x) BO-(50+x) BiO. x = 10, 15, 20 mol%. A micro-Raman spectrometer (WITec alpha300 R) was utilized to demonstrate the change in chemical bonds brought on by the addition of BiO. Additionally, the Makishema-Makinze theory was
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Gamma shielding ability of Bismuth-Tungsten oxide (Bi[formula omitted]O[formula omitted]W) nanoparticles Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 B.M. Chandrika, M.R. Ambika, L. Seenappa, H.C. Manjunatha, K.N. Sridhar, A.J. Clement Lourduraj, Sherry Shajan Kuttukaran
Exposure to high energy radiations like X/gamma rays and neutrons is of serious concern for radiation professionals as they result in several radiation hazards. Shielding plays a prominent role in reducing the radiation exposure. Attempts are being made by several researchers to explore a novel material which can effectively absorb high energy radiations and find a best substitute for lead which is
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Acute toxicity and genotoxicity evaluation of irradiated ophiopogonis radix at 25 kGy with electron beam Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Fayang Jiang, Chunyan Chen, Junrong Tian, Han Li, Jinrong Li, Tao Wu, Yixuan Zhao, Dan Wang, Xiaoyan Long
As concerned about the potential risks of irradiated Ophiopogonis Radix (IOR) at a high radiation level (25 kGy) by high-energy electron beam irradiation, this study evaluated oral acute toxicity and genotoxicity of IOR. Moisture, total ash, water-soluble extracts, and ruscogenin content in IOR meet the requirement of Ophiopogonis Radix described in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. When the mice received
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Gamma radiation-induced alterations in nanocrystalline titanium nitride (TiN) particles: A structural perspective Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Afsun S. Abiyev, Elchin M. Huseynov, Rovshen F. Hashimov
The effect of gamma radiation on the structure of nanocrystalline TiN particles was studied. Initially, nanocrystalline TiN particles were exposed to gamma radiation at doses of 50 kGy, 200 kGy, 900 kGy and 3.5 MGy. The crystal structure of non-irradiated and irradiated samples with different doses of gamma rays was studied by X-ray diffraction method. As a result of the determination analysis of the
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Digital twins in dosimetry and radiotherapy, a survey and some applications Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Marco Sumini, Francesco Teodori, Lorenzo Isolan
Digital Twins (DTs) are emerging as a powerful tool in several applications, including Dosimetry and Radiotherapy (RT). Indeed, DTs have increased their effectiveness, up to the point that can be considered as virtual replicas of physical objects, processes, or systems. Through predictive modeling, DTs can determine optimal doses in radiation therapy, assist in defining personalized treatment schedules
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Exploring the potential of strontium oxide-enriched borate bioactive glass as a bone graft material: Comprehensive analysis of physical characteristics and gamma shielding properties Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 A.M.A. Mostafa, M.A.M. Uosif, Z.A. Alrowaili, Shams A.M. Issa, V. Yu. Ivanov, Hesham MH. Zakaly
This study explores the physical, elastic, and radiation shielding properties of SrO–BO -based bioactive glass systems. The interest in BAG has grown significantly in recent years due to their applications in biomedicine, including bone transplants, wound care, and dental treatments. Borate-based glass matrices have emerged as a promising alternative to silicate-based BAG, exhibiting faster conversion
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Rapid calibration curve generation using single-sheet radiochromic film for proton-based stereotactic radiosurgery verification Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Hsien-Hsin Chen, Hsiao-Chieh Huang, Wei-Heng Kao, Po-Jui Chen, Ing-Tsung Hsiao, Tsi-Chian Chao
Proton-based stereotactic radiosurgery (PSRS) holds promise for treating benign tumours, with patient-specific quality assurance (PSQA) playing a crucial role in ensuring high-quality clinical services. EBT3 films are a perfect tool for PSQA, particularly owing to their compatibility with small-field dosimetry. However, a successful absolute EBT3 dosimetry relies on detailed dose calibration, consuming
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TLD measurement to investigate the bolus effect on skin dose in total body irradiation with helical tomotherapy Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Gokce Ucar Alveroglu, Canan Koksal Akbas, Inci Kingir Celtik, Hatice Bilge Becerir
The aim of this study is to investigate the skin dose of total body irradiation (TBI) with Helical Tomotherapy and the need to use a bolus to achieve an adequate skin dose. To simulate the RANDO phantom geometrically, arms and legs created from rice were added to the RANDO phantom and it was immobilized in a vacuum bed. Computed tomography (CT) images of the lower and upper parts of the phantom with
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Quantitative analysis of fast non-local means algorithm smoothing factor impact on lung segmentation accuracy in computed tomography images Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Sewon Lim, Minji Park, Hajin Kim, Seong-Hyeon Kang, Youngjin Lee
In computed tomography (CT), noise inevitably occurs during image acquisition and degrades segmentation accuracy. Thus, in this study, we compared and evaluated quantitative factors to derive the optimized smoothing factor of the fast non-local means (FNLM) algorithm, which can improve the accuracy of lung segmentation. Gaussian noise with a standard deviation of 0.05 was added to the lung phantom
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Characterization of scintillation properties in Ca(Nb,Ta)2O6 single crystals Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-24 Taisei Hayashi, Kensei Ichiba, Daisuke Nakauchi, Kenichi Watanabe, Takumi Kato, Noriaki Kawaguchi, Takayuki Yanagida
CaNbTaO (x = 0, 0.2, 0.5 and 1) single crystals were fabricated by the floating zone method, and their photoluminescence (PL) and scintillation properties were evaluated. Under excitation at 280 nm, CaNbTaO single crystal showed a broad emission band at 400–600 nm. From the decay time constant, the observed emission was attributed to the charge transfer (CT) from the Nb to the O. Under X-ray irradiation
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A compact moderator for thermal neutron reference radiation field with an 241Am-Be source Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Jun Yang, Hongzhao Zhou, Chongwei Li, Tao Sun, Dongxi Wang, Haixia Liu
To calibrate thermal neutron detectors, State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian plans to establish thermal neutron reference radiation field (TNRRF) based on the existing 7.4 × 10 Bq Am-Be source. An 82 cm (L) × 50 cm (W) × 50 cm (H) moderator was designed through Monte Carlo simulation to thermalize fast neutrons. Each component was determined to optimize thermal neutron fluence rate
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Reflections on use of Monte Carlo methods Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 William L. Dunn, Amir A. Bahadori
Monte Carlo methods have become ubiquitous in our society. Although statistical estimation methods date to earlier times, Monte Carlo (MC) methods were born in 1949 with publication of the paper by Metropolis and Ulam (1949). We address some of the many ways that MC methods have evolved over the years. Specifically, we consider electron transport calculations by MC, improvements in sampling efficiency
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Performance evaluation of six digital mammography systems Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Alessandra Maia Marques Martinez Perez, Laura Alcantara Silva Lopes, Renato França Caron, Bruno Beraldo Oliveira, Martin Eduardo Poletti
The strong advance in digital mammography as a tool for breast cancer screening requires that the new systems be characterized. Quality control protocols describe the methodology to evaluate systems performance. Detective quantum efficiency (DQE) is the most suitable parameter for describing the imaging performance of an X-ray imaging device. The objective of this study was to characterize in terms
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Radiation-chemical synthesis and characterization of ferrihydrite from iron (III) nitrate Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 V.G. Ilves, M.E. Balezin, S. Yu. Sokovnin, A.S. Gerasimov, E.G. Kalinina, D.S. Rusakova, P.M. Korusenko, M.G. Zuev, M.A. Uimin
In this study, 2-line ferrihydrite (2L Fh) nanoparticles (NPles)were synthesized by radiation-chemical method from an alcoholic solution of iron (III) nitrate for the first time. The X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that the synthetic powder exhibited the characteristic pattern of 2L Fh NPles. DSC-TG analysis conducted in air atmosphere further verified the formation of 2L Fh. SEM analysis showed
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Identification of radioactive isotopes in decommissioning of nuclear facilities using ensemble learning Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Jaehyun Park, Gyohyeok Song, Wonku Kim, Junhyeok Kim, Jisung Hwang, Hyunduk Kim, Gyuseong Cho
Accurate assessment of residual radioactive isotopes (RIs) during decommissioning of nuclear facilities is pivotal for informed dismantling procedures. This influences the selection of appropriate dismantling methods depending on isotope types and radiation levels.
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Effect of aspect ratio on the x-ray attenuation of nanoparticles: A theoretical study Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 R.R. Haghighi, S. Chatterjee, F. Zarei, A. Jafari, V.C. Vani, P. Pishdad, Samira Moshiri, V. Akondi
There has been a significant focus on the potential applications of nanoparticle suspensions in the past few decades particularly as targeted contrast agents for specific pathological conditions. However, the question of optimal size and shape of nanoparticles for contrast enhancement is inadequately addressed. We present a comprehensive and conclusive theoretical analysis using first principles by
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An overview of gamma radiation shielding: Enhancements through polymer-lead (Pb) composite materials Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Rifqah Nurul Ihsani, Paulus Lobo Gareso, Dahlang Tahir
Exposure to radiation over an extended period causes adverse effects on the human body and also impacts the environment. To mitigate the radiation effects, a protective is necessary, making the need for suitable materials crucial. Polymers, as promising materials in the present time, take centre stage in this review as the primary material for radiation shields, particularly against gamma rays. Another
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Investigation of the effect of bolus on skin dose in breast cancer treatment with tomotherapy and LINAC radiotherapy devices Radiat. Phys. Chem. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Osman Vefa Gul, Hikmettin Demir, Hamit Basaran, Gul Kanyılmaz
In postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT), it is important that the chest wall skin is included in the target volume and receives an adequate dose. This study aims to investigate the effect of bolus on skin dose in breast cancer treatment with Tomotherapy and LINAC radiotherapy devices and to examine the accuracy of the surface dose calculated by treatment planning system (TPS) with thermoluminescence