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Microstructure characteristics and properties of a novel Ni-based alloy for thermal neutron and gamma ray co-shielding Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Jie Pan, Chundong Wang, Zixie Wang, Cheng Zhang, Lin Fang, Jun Li, Qiliang Mei, Jing Gao, Mengqi Wang, Hui Li, Zhaoyu Wu, Xueshan Xiao
A novel type of Ni-based alloy containing the gadolinium neutron absorption unit and the tungsten gamma ray shielding unit were successfully fabricated. The NiGd formed was distributed along the grain boundary. W phase was precipitated when the W content reached 25 wt%, and NiGd also precipitated along W phase rather than just along the grain boundary. The yield strength of the new alloy increased
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Effects of forging deformation on variant selection and morphology of α in TiB/near α-Ti composites Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Fanchao Meng, Rui Zhang, Qi An, Fengbo Sun, Run Chen, Shipeng Zhou, Lujun Huang, Lin Geng
The role of forging deformation on α-Ti in TiB/near α-Ti composites is still an unknown area. In the present work, the evolution of the variant selection and morphology of α-Ti was systematically investigated in as-sintered and as-forged TiB/near α-Ti composites through scanning electron microscope and electron back-scattering diffraction analysis. The results indicated that the α lamellae were refined
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Influence of different deposition strategies on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the laminated heterostructured material with ER130S-G HSS and 316 L SS fabricated by WAAM Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Wei Chen, Shun Guo, Yupeng Xuan, Junqiang Xu, Siyi Li, Weiping Fang, Qi Zhou, Kehong Wang
Two groups of laminated heterostructured materials (LHM) thin walls with different deposition strategies and the corresponding single-material thin walls were successfully fabricated by wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) technology. The deposition strategy for the LHM-1 thin walls was to change the deposited material every layer, and for the LHM-2 thin walls was to change the deposited material
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New insights into lamellar and twinning transformations in TiAl/Nb composites with core-shell structure during high temperature annealing Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Jingyuan Shen, Lianxi Hu, Zhuohan Cao, Tianbo Yu
Lamellar and twinning transformations play a crucial role in stabilizing the ordered phases in TiAl based composites for property improvement. In this work, we have systematically investigated the lamellar and twinning transformations in TiAl/Nb composites with core-shell structure and proposed novel insights on γ → α and γ → γ processes from an atomistic perspective. The results show that high temperature
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Effects of a nickel-based alloy interlayer on electrically assisted pressure joining of pure titanium and stainless steel 304 Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Shengwei Zhang, Meiling Geng, Ang Sun, Yan Yu, Chang-guo Sun, Dongni Liu, Sung-Tae Hong
This study focuses on the solid-state joining of commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) and stainless steel 304 (SUS304) using electrically assisted pressure joining. A nickel-based alloy foil acting as an intermediate layer (Ni interlayer) is inserted between two base materials during joining to avoid the formation of a detrimental TiFe intermetallic due to direct contact of the CP-Ti and SUS304. The
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Enhancing coating performance: Design and characterization of a Ti-Al-Si-Cr-SiC system coating using ultrasonic and rare earth assisted laser cladding Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Jian Li, Xiufang Cui, Yajie Guan, Simin Wan, Guo Jin, Wei Zheng, Wennan Su
This study proposes the utilization of rare earth combined with ultrasonic-assisted laser cladding technology to address the dilution problem encountered during the laser cladding coating of Ti alloy. The aim is to improve the performance of the coating. Using Ti alloy surface as a base, a novel Ti-Al-Si-Cr-SiC multi-principal element alloy coating is fabricated. To characterize the coating, various
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An investigation on the effect of heat input to wear behavior and corrosion-cavitation erosion mechanism of Hastelloy C-276 coating by cold metal transfer Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 T. Zhao, R. Wang, H.F. Zhang, C.H. Zhang, S. Zhang, H.T. Chen, C.L. Wu
Cold metal transfer (CMT) technology based on wire-arc manufacturing has attracted wide attention because of its advantages of high manufacturing efficiency, low heat input () and near-net-shape. In this study, a CMT-Hastelloy C-276 superalloy surface modification coating by optimizing is used to solve the problem of premature failure of key over-flow components of stainless steel in marine engineering
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Influence behavior and mechanism of crystal orientation of Cu6Sn5 coating on interfacial intermetallic compounds growth in Sn-0.7Cu/Cu solder joint Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Zhihang Zhang, Jiawei Qu, Tao Ma, Yue Zhao, Zhongshan Zhou, Jihua Huang, Shuhai Chen, Zheng Ye, Jian Yang
Herein, the CuSn coatings with principal crystal orientations were prepared on the Cu substrate using magnetron sputtering to inhibit the growth of interfacial intermetallic compounds (IMCs) in Sn-0.7Cu/Cu solder joint. The effect of sputtering parameter on the principal crystal orientation of CuSn coating was researched firstly, followed by the investigation on the influence of CuSn coating principal
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Multi-scale characterization of fatigue crack tip deformation and propagation in QP steel Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Hongli Gao, Jingsong Zhan, Bingfeng Yu, Weirong Li, Zhiyuan Lin, Hongbin Shang
A novel measurement method for multi-scale characterization of fatigue crack tip deformation and propagation behaviors in high strength and plasticity, multi-phase, fine-grain Quenching and Partitioning (QP) steel was proposed. The fatigue crack propagation (FCP) test system with the macro/micro images acquisition devices was built to measure the FCP rate and crack tip deformation simultaneously. First
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Investigation of hydrolysis properties of MgH2 in different anionic/cationic salt solutions Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Xianliu Xu, Hui Yong, Yang Zhao, Shuai Wang, Kai Feng, Yanhao Wang, Baosheng Liu, Jifan Hu, Yanghuan Zhang
MgH is a promising metal hydride for high-density hydrogen storage, offering advantages such as operational safety, high hydrogen yield, and cost-effectiveness in hydrolysis-based hydrogen generation. However, challenges persist in this field, including reaction interruption caused by the formation of passivating layers and sluggish kinetics. In this study, MgH hydrolysis experiments were conducted
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Tuning mechanical properties of TiAlSiN/TiAlN multilayers by interfacial structure Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Jian W. Du, Li Chen, Jie Zhang, Yu X. Xu, Zhe R. Liu, Fei Pei
Multilayer structure as an effective way to tailor the structure and performance of hard coatings has attracted wide attentions. Here, we aim to elucidate the change of the interface, mechanical properties and oxidation resistance for TiAlSiN/TiAlN multilayers by varying modulation ratios from ML (t/t = 1:1) to HML (t/t = 1:2). Increasing TiAlN sublayer thickness stabilizes the cubic growth of TiAlSiN
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Microstructure and mechanical properties of CoCrFeNiTa high entropy alloy prepared by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Xingchang Tang, Yuanyuan Hou, Canglong Wang, Yiwen Liu, Zhaocang Meng, Yinlong Wang, Ganghu Cheng, Weilian Zhou, Peiqing La
The equiatomic CoCrFeNiTa high-entropy alloy (HEA) was prepared by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintered at different temperatures in this work. The microstructural evolution of alloy powder and microstructure and mechanical properties of the sintered HEA were investigated. The results show that the particle size of HEA powder is decreased gradually with the increase of milling time and then
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Mechanical and thermal properties of in situ AlN/Al-12Si composite fabricated by laser powder bed fusion Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Xinxing Xiong, Zixi Liang, Pei Wang, Yang Qi, Zhangwei Chen, Zhiyuan Liu, Xulei Wang, Qingliang Shen, Nan Kang, Laichang Zhang
This work reports on the synthesis, mechanical, and thermal properties of in situ AlN/Al-12Si composite through laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) by blending Al-12Si powder with 5 vol% nano-sized BN particles. Incorporating nano-BN particles results in (i) formation of thermally stable AlN phase, preventing Si diffusion and breakdown of cellular structure, (ii) improvement of compressive yield strength
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The mechanical and friction properties of 3D skeleton-reinforced copper matrix composites with Al2O3 decorated graphene oxide as the reinforcements Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Penglei Zhao, Qi Zhao, Hongqu Jiang, Xingxia Yang, Caiju Li, Jianhong Yi, Yichun Liu
In this study, copper composite foams reinforced with AlO decorated graphene oxide (AG) were prepared via chemical plating and electrodeposition. Subsequently, copper powders were filled into the pores of the composite foams and then spark plasma sintering (SPS) was employed to fabricate the 3D skeleton-reinforced composites. The tensile strength reached 365 MPa for AG/Cu®Cu composites, which was 47
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Microstructure and elastocaloric effect of NiTi shape memory alloy in-situ synthesized by laser directed energy deposition additive manufacturing Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Shuyao Wang, Yongjun Shi, Kaijun Fan, Qin Wang, Ying Li, Xiangjie Teng
The NiTi SMAs were successfully in-situ synthesized by LDED additive manufacturing, and the microstructural evolution and elastocaloric effect of the NiTi SMAs along parallel and perpendicular to the build direction (BD) were investigated. The NiTi SMAs at room temperature consisted of B2 austenite, B19’ martensite and the precipitation phase TiNi, which was diffusely distributed within the B2 grains
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Influence of cobalt content on the microstructure and texture evolution of hot-pressed sintered tungsten heavy alloy Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 R. Manikandan, A. Raja Annamalai
This study examines the effect of cobalt on the crystallographic texture and grain boundary evolution of hot-press sintered tungsten heavy alloy (W-4.9Ni-2.1Cu). Traditional tungsten heavy alloy with a Ni:Cu ratio of 7:3 has cobalt added (i.e., cobalt content increased from 0 to 1 wt% with a 0.25 wt% interval). The samples were produced using the hot press sintering method with the following parameters:
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Introducing vacancy defects by rapid quenching in FCC metal for deep learning micrograph dataset Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Siqi Hu, Quan Li, Haowen Sun, Xueqian Lv, Miao Song, Yi Zhao, Ruiqian Zhang, Chonghong Zhang, Yao Shen, Yue Liu, Tongxiang Fan
Accurate detection of crystal defects from microstructure micrographs is essential for evaluating the mechanical and functional properties of metallic materials. Emerging deep learning techniques have great potential for application in crystal defects detection, but the excellent detection accuracy requires domain knowledge and micrograph dataset. Here we target to detect and distinguish nanoscale
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High-temperature oxidation behavior of AlCoCrFeNi2.1 eutectic high-entropy alloy: Microstructure evolution and microhardness Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Guangpei Lin, Zhaobing Cai, Yinghui Dong, Chongmei Wang, Juanjuan Hu, Po Zhang, Le Gu
In this work, the high-temperature oxidation behavior at 820 °C of an AlCoCrFeNi eutectic high-entropy alloy (EHEA) prepared by vacuum induction melting was studied, while the evolution of microstructure and microhardness at different oxidation times (1 h, 3 h, 5 h, 10 h, 20 h, 30 h, and 50 h) were also investigated. The prepared AlCoCrFeNi EHEA shows a typical FCC/BCC bi-phase microstructure with
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The role of high-temperature water vapor on oxidation behavior for CoNiCrAlHf alloys at 1100 °C Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Yuhang Cheng, Chao Li, Xiaohu Yuan, Taihong Huang, Peng Song
The external atmosphere can significantly affect the microstructure within the oxide scale of alloys during high temperature oxidation. In this paper, we investigate the isothermal oxidation of CoNiCrAlHf alloys in dry air and water vapor (Ar-25%HO and air-25%HO). The different test atmospheres led to very different results. HfO peg formed at the AlO/alloy interface duo to in-situ oxidation. The presence
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Microstructure refinement and mechanical properties enhancement of Mg[sbnd]Al alloys via a novel of MgO nanoparticles modified graphene nanoplates refiner by in-situ synthesis Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Shuaihu Wei, Xiaojun Wang, Xuejian Li, Hailong Shi, Xiaoshi Hu, Chao Xu, Dongrong Liu
Grain refinement by inoculation treatment is one of the simplest and most efficient ways to improve the mechanical properties of MgAl alloys. In this study, a novel GNP@MgO grain refiner was designed by an in-situ reaction of CO gas and Mg melt. It can significantly reduce the average grain sizes of Mg9Al alloys from 126.9 μm to 12.7 μm. The mechanical properties of Mg9Al alloys were significantly
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Insights into microstructural stability and embrittlement of TC25 high temperature titanium alloy subjected to thermal exposure Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Xianghong Liu, Xiaoyuan Zhang, Yuxuan Du, Shaoqiang Li, Haisheng Chen, Keer Li, Dingxuan Zhao, Wei Chen
High temperature titanium alloys are being urgently developed owing to the requirements of advanced aerospace industry. Performance of the alloys in service under high-temperature environments always attracts great attention. In this study, variations of microstructure and mechanical property in TC25 (Ti-6.5Al-2Mo-1Zr-1Sn-1 W-0.2Si) dual-phase high temperature titanium alloy subjected to thermal exposure
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Improving ductility in dual-phase FeNi2Al medium-entropy alloy through rapid solidification-induced expansion of Interface transition zones Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Z.Y. Liu, H.W. Deng, Z. Li, Y.W. Zhuang, S.Y. Peng, T. Zhang
Multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs), renowned for their exceptional properties, have garnered significant attention in materials science. However, their limited ductility has restricted their widespread applications. In our investigation, the toughness of a Co-free dual-phase (B2 + L1) FeNiAl medium-entropy alloy was improved by manipulating the microstructure through rapid solidification. A significant
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Preparation and soldering performance of SAC305@Sn-bi Core-shell solder balls based on eutectic co-deposition Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Min Shang, Jinye Yao, Dan Zhang, Xiaolin Su, Haitao Ma, Yunpeng Wang, Haoran Ma
SnBi eutectic thin film alloys are widely used in microelectronic devices, sensors, biomedical devices due to their high resistance, low temperature coefficient, chemical stability, and biocompatibility. However, the large standard electrode potential difference (454 mV) between Sn (−0.136 V) and Bi (+0.3118 V) makes them difficult to be co-deposited, especially with eutectic composition. In this study
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Understanding the coercivity enhancement mechanism of grain boundary diffused Nd-Fe-B magnets by comparing with commercial equivalent coercivity magnets Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Haihui Wu, Yuqing Li, Weiqiang Liu, Zhanjia Wang, Yuan Qin, Ming Ji, Ruihua Du, Dongtao Zhang, Lele Zhang, Ming Yue, Xiaofei Yi, Youhao Liu, Shanshun Zha
The grain boundary diffusion (GBD) technology effectively utilizes heavy rare earth (HRE) elements to improve the coercivity of sintered Nd-Fe-B magnet. Significantly, clarifying its coercivity improvement mechanism is essential for further optimizing the process and performance. Through comparative analysis with commercial conventional magnets (CSH) processing equivalent coercivity, this study investigated
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Effect of microstructures on the high temperature stress rupture behavior of GTD222 superalloy prepared by selective laser melting Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Yuting Lv, Xing Ouyang, Xianwei Lang, Qiang Zhang, Rui Wang, Hongyao Yu, Guijiang Wei
The microstructure is the fundamental factor determining the high-temperature stress rupture performance of selective laser melted (SLMed) GTD222 superalloy. This study comprehensively investigates the influence of microstructures on the stress rupture behavior of the SLMed GTD222 superalloy by designing different heat treatments. The results demonstrate that direct aging leads to microstructures with
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Toughened bulk high-entropy diborides with high hardness and enhanced oxidation resistance via SiC whiskers Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-09 Yao Yang, Jianqiang Bi, Kangning Sun, Hongli Hou, Linjing Qiao, Guandong Liang, Shaoyin Wang, Shuyong Liang, Jilie Yuan, Yueguang Chen
The fracture toughness and oxidation resistance are crucial factors affecting the practical applications of high-entropy diboride ceramics (HEBs). In this study, silicon carbide whiskers (SiC) were introduced as a reinforcement for HEBs for the first time. To achieve a uniform dispersion of SiC within the HEB powders, a combination of simultaneous ultrasonic dispersion, mechanical agitation, and freeze-drying
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Microstructure gradients across the white etching and transition layers of a heavy haul pearlitic steel Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 G.G. Ribamar, J.I. Pereira, J.D. Escobar, J.A. Avila, J.G. Lopes, E. Maawad, N. Schell, J.P. Oliveira, H. Goldenstein, R.M. Souza
This study delves into the frequent surface cracking observed in severely damaged pearlitic carbon steel rails, a phenomenon often attributed to the challenging characteristics of the white etching layer (WEL) formed during railway operations. To explore this issue, a severely damaged rail cross-section featuring a substantial WEL layer measuring 600 μm in depth was analyzed. The WEL's size was initially
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Microstructural evolution and high-temperature oxidation behavior of oxide dispersion strengthened Inconel 625 superalloy fabricated by directed energy deposition Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Xiaodong Zou, Ke Yang, Jingkui Li, Xu Xie, Linlin Pan
In the present study, wire arc-directed energy deposition (DED) technology was developed to fabricate the Oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) Ni-based superalloy employing an Inconel 625 flux-cored wire including nano-LaO oxides. The microstructural evolution, mechanical properties and high-temperature oxidation behavior were systematically investigated. The results indicate that the melting and decomposition
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Comparative evaluation of line profile analysis and preferred orientation correction in determining crystallite shape of anatase with X-ray power diffraction profile Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Taotao Li, Huiyun Zhang, Yanlian Liu, Yong Xue, Fuqian Yang
X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) profiles provide valuable information on the geometrical shape of crystallites. This work delves into the complexity of determining the geometrical shape of crystallites, including plate-like and spherical TiO specimens, and discusses crucial parameters of edge length, shape coefficient, and orientation vector. The analysis demonstrates the necessity of using both line-broadening
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Ultrasonic-enhanced silver‑indium transient liquid phase bonding in advancing rapid and low-temperature packaging Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Jiaqi Song, Donglin Zhang, Xin Chen, Shizun Hu, Xiuchen Zhao, Chin C. Lee, Yongjun Huo
Transient liquid phase (TLP) bonding technique is one of the promising solutions to third-generation wide-bandgap semiconductor power packaging. However, its prolonged heating process of the components restricts its application to some extent. To address this issue, the singular impact of acoustic cavitation induced by ultrasound emerges as a promising solution. For the first time, this study proposes
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The effect of thermomechanical treatment on the electrodeposited Invar alloy for FMM Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Jin-Bum Kim, Junha Lee, In-Gyeong Kim, Yong-Bum Park, Se-Eun Shin
Fine metal masks (FMMs), which are applied to manufacture next-generation organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays with ultra-high definition (UHD) or higher, must have thicknesses of <10 μm to eliminate shadow zones. To manufacture FMMs with a thickness of 10 μm or less, a bottom-up electroplating process must be applied. The minimum coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the as-deposited electroplated
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Cr3C2 reinforced tin-bronze matrix composites with enhanced mechanical properties and wear resistance Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Yaqian Liang, Haoze Jiang, Qian Lei, Long Jiang, Xiukuang Zhang, Shishui Xiao, Xiaoxu Liu, Liwei Li, Zhenxiang Pei, Qingbo Li
The tin bronze-CrC-graphite composites ( = 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%) were fabricated by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering. Fine-scale uniform distribution of composites was achieved. The CrC particles enhanced the mechanical properties and wear resistance of copper-based composites. The as-sintered tin bronze-20CrC-graphite showed a hardness of 109 HV, a compressive strength of 333 MPa, and
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A strong and ductile ferrite-based lightweight steel manufactured via high-temperature warm rolling process Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Lei Liu, Yan Zhao, Weinan Li, Xiaolong Xu, Zhengzhi Zhao
A trade-off between strength and ductility is unavoidable in ferrite-based lightweight steels due to the presence of δ-ferrite, and improving the properties of such steels requires precise control of the retained austenite and the complete mobilization of multiple strengthening mechanisms. In this study, we obtain a ferrite-based lightweight steel with the chemical composition Fe-0.3C-2.8Mn-3.5Al-0
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Effect of Mn addition in W-Ni-Cu heavy alloy processed through hot press sintering techniques on microstructure, microtexture and grain boundary character evolution Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Manikandan R, Raja Annamalai A
In this current study, the impact of manganese addition to 93 W-4.9Ni-2.1Cu-xMn (where x = 1, 2, 3, and 4 Wt%) on the microstructure, texture development, and grain boundary character distribution of tungsten heavy alloy (WHAs) was examined. The samples were produced through a vacuum hot press sintering, with parameters 50 MPa pressure, 10 °C/min heating rate, and 1450 °C sintering temperature for
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Underlying mechanism of interfacial evolution in laminate IN625/TC4 composites for enhanced mechanical properties Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Chao Wang, Yandong Yu, Lei Li, Hao Zhou
Compared to the homogeneous materials, laminated heterogeneous materials, in contrast to their homogeneous counterparts, display enhanced performance by effectively balancingcombination of strength and plasticity. However, fabricating such materials is challenging, relying on precise interfacial control. In this work, an IN625/TC4 layered structural material is successfully fabricated by vacuum diffusion
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Role of aging temperature on thermal stability of Co-free Cr0.8FeMn1.3Ni1.3 high-entropy alloy: Decomposition and embrittlement at intermediate temperatures Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Haotian Sun, Tian Liu, Hiroshi Oka, Naoyuki Hashimoto, Yu Cao, Rui Luo
This study prepared a reduced activation single-phase Co-free CrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) through arc melting, which exhibits great potential as a radiation-resistant material. The microstructural evolution and mechanical property changes of the alloy after prolonged aging at temperatures of 300, 500, and 700 °C were systematically studied using scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM/TEM/STEM)
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Hot compressive deformation of W-modified FeCr2V-based medium entropy alloys: Microstructure and strengthening mechanism studies Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Yangfan Wang, Zhiyang Wang, Hanliang Zhu, Zhijun Qiu, Zengxi Pan, Hongtao Zhu, David Wexler, Xizhang Chen, Mingxing Zhang, Huijun Li
The microstructure and mechanical properties of FeCrVW (x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5) medium-entropy alloys (MEAs) manufactured using arc melting under an argon atmosphere were investigated. The investigated FeCrVW (x = 0, 0.1, 0.3) MEAs exhibited a dual-phase microstructure consisting of body-centred-cubic (BCC) phases. With the further addition of W, additional W-rich phase formed in the microstructure of
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Carbon addition and temperature dependent tensile deformation resistance and capacity of a low-cost 3rd-generation Ni-based single crystal superalloy Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Y.M. Li, X.G. Wang, Z.H. Tan, H.Y. Guo, X.P. Tao, Y.H. Yang, J.D. Liu, J.L. Liu, J.G. Li, Y.Z. Zhou, X.F. Sun
A balance between the mechanical performance and castability of Ni-based single crystal superalloys is expected to be achieved by doping with appropriate carbon content. In this study, the influences of carbon content on the tensile properties of a novel low-cost 3rd-generation Ni-based single crystal superalloy at 760 °C and 1120 °C were investigated. Results showed that minor carbon addition could
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Effects of cold deformation and aging on the phase transformation and mechanical properties of a Cu-15Ni-8Sn alloy Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Jiang Kai-Xuan, Zhou Yan-Jun, Yang Ran, Song Ke-Xing, Liu Ya-Hui, Zhang Yan-Min, Yang Shao-Dan, Zhou Fei, Huang Kuan, Liu Dong-Dong, Yang Wen-Hao
A Cu-15Ni-8Sn alloy ingot was prepared in a medium-frequency induction melting furnace. First, the hot extruded alloy was subjected to solution treatment at 840 °C for 60 min, after which cold drawing treatment was applied under different deformation conditions (0–70%). Finally, the cold-deformed alloy was subjected to aging at different temperatures (340–520 °C) and insulation times (0–480 min). The
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Graphene/copper composite films: Interface regulation for enhanced electrical performance Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Wei Chen, Hui Zheng, Lining Fan, Jiaxin Li, Zhiwen Ding, Xiaoxiao Guo, Feimei Wu, Xiao Wang, Peng Zheng, Liang Zheng, Yang Zhang
Graphene/copper composites are promising highly conductive materials for synergistic high carrier density of copper and high carrier mobility of graphene. However, the weak interface interaction and poor electron transfer ability between the graphene and copper limited the increase in conductivity. Here, nitrogen-doped graphene sheets growing on copper films (NGs/Cu) were prepared by using silk fibroin
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Effect of initial grain structure on the microstructure evolution and superplastic behavior of Al-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Piaoqi Lu, Hongfeng Huang, Qianqian Ren, Jianan Yang, Lili Wei, Shuhui Liu, Xuda Xu, Hu Xie
In this work, the effect of initial grain structure on the microstructure evolution and superplastic behavior of Al-7Mg-0.3Sc-0.2Zr (wt%) alloy were studied. The results show that the alloy suffered multi-axial forging (MAF) deformation possesses high density dislocations and low angle grain boundaries (LAGBs). During the subsequent low strain rate thermostatic uniaxial tensile testing, the long-range
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Enhancing precipitation phase proportion and mechanical properties in thick plate welded joints of a near β titanium alloy via electron beam scanning welding with waveform design Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 F.S. Li, L.H. Wu, H.J. Li, P.T. Hua, D.R. Ni, P. Xue, Y.L. Jiang, B.L. Xiao, Z.Y. Ma
It is generally difficult to obtain excellent joint properties of near β titanium alloy thick plates via electron beam scanning welding (EBSW) with traditional circular scanning pattern (Pattern I) due to the precipitation difficulty of the strengthening α phase. In this study, EBSW with two novel scanning patterns besides Pattern I, including sine scanning (Pattern II) and sawtooth scanning (Pattern
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Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of the lightweight Fe-28Mn-8Al-1C steel under rolling at room and cryogenic temperatures Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Yi Xiong, Ze-wei Luan, Nan Du, Yong Li, Xiu-ju Du, Tian-tian He, Feng-zhang Ren, Shu-bo Wang
A lightweight Fe–28Mn–8Al–1C steel was rolled at room temperature and the liquid nitrogen temperature. The effect of the deformation temperature on the microstructures and mechanical properties of the lightweight steel was systematically studied by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron backscatter diffraction
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Thermal stability and softening mechanism of a new type of high nitrogen hot-work die steel 3Cr5Mo2SiVN Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Haijian Wang, Hao Feng, Huabing Li, Shucai Zhang, Hongchun Zhu, Weichao Jiao, Zhouhua Jiang
A new type of high nitrogen hot-work die steel 3Cr5Mo2SiVN based on the idea of substituting C with N, proper Mo addition, and proper Si and V subtraction was designed, exhibiting higher microstructure and hardness stability than the frequently-used H13 steel. The results showed that the softening mechanism consisted of the coarsening and decomposition of laths, the formation and coarsening of precipitates
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Chromium partitioning induced evolution of texture, grain boundary constitution, and corrosion behavior of Cu Cr coatings electrodeposited at different temperatures Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 S. Roohan Farooq Lala, Akhand Pratap Singh, Kallyani V. Gireesh, Chandan Srivastava
The corrosion behavior of CuCr coating electrodeposited at three different temperatures (15 °C, 30 °C, 45 °C) was examined. Cr is partitioned in the grain boundaries and as a solute in the Cu matrix. The formation of Cr-oxide at the grain boundaries enhanced the corrosion resistance of the coatings, whereas the presence of Cr as solute significantly altered the matrix micro-texture. The 15 °C deposited
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TEM characterization and toughening mechanism of in-situ NbB2-NbC-Al2O3 composite coatings prepared by plasma spraying Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Hao-en Liang, Yong Yang, Xiao-long Wang, Zhen-long Yang, Wei Li, Yan-wei Wang, Yu-xuan Shao
Dense NbB composite coating with excellent fracture toughness was synthesized by introducing the in-situ reactions in NbO-BC-Al system to plasma spraying process. The microstructure of each phase in the coating lamellae was carefully characterized by TEM. A step forward, the toughening mechanism of the as-prepared coating was discussed. The results show that the NbB-NbC-AlO composite coating prepared
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Short-time creep behavior of (TiB + TiC + Y2O3) reinforced titanium matrix composite in the range of 600 °C to 700 °C Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Shiwei Han, Lijuan Xu, Yunfei Zheng, Zhenquan Liang, Dazhao Chi, Jing Tian, Shulong Xiao
A titanium matrix composite reinforced by TiB, TiC and YO was prepared by induction skull melting. The creep behavior of the composite was tested at the temperature range from 600 °C to 700 °C in short time to investigate the deformation mechanism and microstructure involution. The as-cast composite shows a typical basket-weave microstructure. At the stress of 150 MPa, the stress exponents of the composite
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Effect of hot rolling process on the evolution of microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti2AlNb-based alloy foil during cold rolling Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Jun-Xin Wei, Yi Jia, Yuan-Yuan Zhang, Xiao-Yi Luo, Xue-Xia Zhao, Chang-Jiang Zhang, Shou-Zhen Cao, Zhi-Hao Du, Jian-Chao Han
TiAlNb-based alloy foils are promising for aerospace applications. In this work, we investigate the effects of different hot rolling processes on the microstructure and mechanical properties of hot rolled sheets, as well as on the deformation mechanism, microstructure evolution, and mechanical properties of subsequent cold rolling during the formation of TiAlNb-based alloy foils. Due to the finer uniform
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Delving into the intrinsic co-relation between microstructure and mechanical behaviour of fine-/ultrafine-grained TWIP steels via TEM and in-situ EBSD observation Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-24 Wang Cai, Chaoyang Sun, Hongjia Zhang, Chunhui Wang, Linghui Meng, M.W. Fu
To illustrate the microstructural factors of grain refinement for enhancing mechanical properties, the fine−/ultrafine-grained TWIP steels with a product of strength and elongation of ~71 GPa·% were first prepared by combining rolling and stress relief annealing. Subsequently, the evolution of dislocations, stacking faults, and associated substructures of the fine−/ultrafine-grained TWIP steels was
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Surface modification and its effect on fatigue performance of nickel-based superalloy treated by ultrasonic surface rolling process Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-24 Weiwei Yu, Jie Wu, Yadi Deng, Tianchang Zheng, Yugang Li, Qinglong An, Weiwei Ming, Dong Chen, Haowei Wang, Ming Chen
In the process of material removal, the metallurgical and mechanical properties of the surface layer of GH4169 superalloy have changed significantly, which has an adverse effect on the fatigue life. Therefore, surface strengthening process is indispensable as the last process of part manufacturing. In the paper, once and four times of ultrasonic surface rolling process (USRP) are carried out on GH4169
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Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of high strength and high conductivity Cu Fe alloy wire prepared by cold drawing Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-24 Wenting Qiu, Liangyu Zheng, Qiru Wang, Xiaojun Li, Guohui Chao, Yanlong Xiang, Yongru Wang, Shen Gong, Zhou Li
CuFe alloy wire is widely used in the field of electronic information because of its high strength and high conductivity. In this study, Cu-5Fe-0.1Si-0.3 Mg-0.05RE (La, Ce) alloys were prepared by cold drawing and heat treatment. The microstructure evolution of the alloy during deformation was studied by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM)
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Strengthening of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel by Nb addition Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Dong Wook Kim, Dong Young Kwon, Jee-Hyun Kang
Nitrogen addition is known to be one of the most effective ways of strengthening austenitic stainless steels while maintaining good properties of the steels. This study investigates Nb addition as an additional strategy to strengthen a high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel. It was found that Nb-containing steels developed -phase precipitates during homogenization and hot-rolling. Their fraction
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Effect of defocusing distance on interfacial reaction and mechanical properties of dissimilar laser Al/steel joints with a porous high entropy alloy coating Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Jiawei Jiang, J.P. Oliveira, Jin Yang, Min Zheng, Haoyue Li, Wenhu Xu, Lingqing Wu, Tianyu Dou, Ruijun Wang, Caiwang Tan, Yongbing Li
Aluminum alloy and low carbon steel were successfully laser weld-brazed when using a porous high entropy alloy (HEA) transient layer. It is shown that the joint wettability increased with the decreasing defocusing distance and the best wettability was obtained at 0 mm defocusing distance with the contact angle of 59.8° and wetting length of 5.57 mm. A fine and dense layer of (Fe,Co,Cr,Ni)AlSi phase
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Investigating the mechanism of formation of Ca-rich Ca Yb apatite that forms from the Yb-silicate–CMAS reaction at 1300°C Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Kareem El Shafei
The formation mechanism and structure of Ca-rich CaYb apatite, which forms from the corrosion of Yb-silicate based coatings with CMAS at 1300°C in air for 48 h was investigated. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to determine the bond type and oxidation states of the apatite. XPS data showed that the Si2p peaks are related to silicates, while the Ca2p and Yb4d are linked to apatite structures
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A novel method for segmentation of titanium microtexture regions via sensor data fusion Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 John Wertz, Laura Homa, Matt Cherry, Sean O'Rourke, Chenoa Flournoy, Erik Blasch
The current nondestructive inspection paradigm of mono-modal testing and signal-over-threshold call criteria is insufficient for characterization of microtexture regions in titanium alloys, which exceeds the capabilities of any single, practical sensing technique that could be deployed to a manufacturing environment for quality control. In this work, we develop a data fusion-based solution to microtexture
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Microstructural evolution in laser-based directed energy deposition of 316 L stainless steel with interlayer deformation Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Abeer Mithal, Niroj Maharjan, Sridhar Idapalapati
There has been a significant industrial interest in additive manufacturing (AM) technologies such as directed energy deposition (DED) due to their ability to produce complex geometries with controlled microstructures. More recently, AM processes have been hybridized with plastic deformation technologies to achieve further benefits. In this experimental work, we systematically investigate the microstructural
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Effect of heat treatment on mechanical compression properties of C250 maraging steel fabricated by directed energy deposition Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Lulu Guo, Lina Zhang, Joel Andersson, Olanrewaju Ojo
The mechanical compression properties of C250 maraging steel fabricated by directed energy deposition (DED), in the as-deposited and post-fabrication heat-treated conditions, are investigated under quasi-static loading conditions. The microstructure of the material is studied using analytical transmission electron microscopy and a comparison is made between the DED fabricated and conventionally produced
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Effect of stress level on hydrogen-induced nanohardness variations in CoCrNi medium-entropy alloy Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Yun Hee An, Jae Yeong Jung, Hyun Jung, You Sub Kim, Soo Yeol Lee, Dong-Hyun Lee
The present study systematically investigated the influence of stress levels on hydrogen-induced hardening in CoCrNi medium-entropy alloys using nanoindentation rate jump experiments. Two different pyramidal indenters of varying sharpness, namely Berkovich and cube-corner indenters, were employed. With the Berkovich indenter, noticeable hydrogen-induced hardening was observed, demonstrating a considerable
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Investigative characterization of delamination at TiW-Cu interface in low-temperature bonded interconnects Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Obert Golim, Vesa Vuorinen, Glenn Ross, Sami Suihkonen, Mervi Paulasto-Kröckel
The trend for heterogeneous integration has driven the need for a low-temperature bonding process. Cu-Sn-In based solid-liquid interdiffusion (SLID) bonding technology has been presented as a viable option. However, previous studies have also reported that issues might exist in the interconnect interface towards the substrate, leading to the formation of intermetallic layers at undesired locations
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Effect of ultrafine-grained structure and chromium addition on corrosion resistance of Ni-Cr-Al alloys Mater. Charact. (IF 4.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Daljeet Singh, Hitesh Kumar Mehtani, Srinivasulu Grandhi, Smrutiranjan Parida, Rajiv Kumar
The present work aims to understand the various scientific aspects related to the corrosion behavior of the ultrafine-grained (UFG) and coarse-grained (CG) Ni-(10,20)Cr-10Al (wt%) alloys in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution based on the passive layer formation on the alloys. In this regard, UFG and CG Ni-(10, 20)Cr-10Al (wt%) alloys were synthesized and characterized. Results of corrosion studies reveal that the