Interactions between light and magnetic matter attracted great attention lately due to their potential applications in nanophotonics, spintronics, and high-accuracy sensing. Here, we grew bismuth quantum dots (Bi–QDs) with strong spin–orbit coupling on a magnetic insulator yttrium iron garnet (YIG) via molecular beam epitaxy. The YIG/Bi–QDs material shows an enhanced magneto-optical Kerr rotation up

Motivated by the increasing use of Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu (SAC305) solder in electronics worked in marine atmospheric environment and the uneven distribution of Ag3Sn and Cu6Sn5 intermetallic compounds (IMCs) in β-Sn matrix, comb-like electrodes have been designed for in-situ EIS measurements to study the microstructure induced galvanic corrosion evolution of SAC305 solder in simulated marine atmosphere with

Employing zinc sulfate solution obtained from zinc oxide ore as raw material, sodium hydroxide as precipitant and PEG20000 as dispersant, ultrafine ZnO powders with different morphologies were successfully synthesized through hydrothermal method. The influences of the dosage of PEG20000 solution, molar ratio of OH-/Zn2+, reaction temperature, reaction time and Zn2+ concentration on the structures and

Transition metal oxides are ideal electrode materials used for supercapacitors. However, the synthesis of transition metal oxides suffers from drawbacks such as high reaction temperature and energy consumption. Herein, we report the synthesis of sea urchin-like Co3O4-NiO composites supported on graphene oxide (GO) using a hydrothermal method followed by calcination with a low temperature (250 °C).

The Portevin-Le Châtelier (PLC) effect is a plastic instability in alloys at certain strain rates and deformation temperatures. This plastic instability exhibits serrated yielding in the temporal domain and strain localization in the spatial domain. Wrought Ni-based superalloys often exhibit the PLC effect. To guarantee the safe and stable operation of equipment, it is important to study the PLC effect

MgH2 is one of promising hydrogen storage materials due to its high hydrogen capacity of 7.6 wt%. However, MgH2 nanocrystallites easily grow up during hydrogen absorption―desorption cycling, leading to deterioration of hydrogen storage properties. To clarify the growth kinetics of MgH2 crystallites, the growth characteristics of MgH2 nanocrystallites are investigated in this work. The growth exponents

Fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) are admirable nanomaterials due to their superior optical properties and low cost. However, regulation of the emission colors in CDs for lighting device still remains a challenge. In this work, we developed a green hydrothermal method to obtain three emission colors of CDs using L-tyrosine (for blue CDs), o-phenylendiamine (for green CDs) and L-tyrosine/o-phenylendiamine

ZrB2 ceramics with various hexagonal BN (hBN) additions up to 37 vol% were reactively densified by spark plasma sintering using powder mixtures containing ZrB2, ZrN and boron. ZrN-boron based additives effectively promoted the densification process, ZrB2 ceramics reached >99% relative density at 2000 °C and an applied pressure of 60 MPa with only 5 vol% in-situ formed hBN, whereas the relative density

An interesting phenomenon of dual S-N fatigue behavior is investigated in a metastable β titanium alloy, Ti-7Mo-3Nb-3Cr-3Al notched cylindrical specimens with an elastic stress concentration factor of Kt = 3. Fractographic studies revealed all specimens, and irrespective of lifetime, failed from the specimen surface because of stress concentration occurs at the notch root. Typically, the short-life-distribution

A characteristic CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 based foam ceramic was prepared by melt-foaming with solid wastes as main raw materials. The similarity to sandwich hole wall microstructure of this novel thermal insulating material was presented and the relationships between this unique microstructure and porosity, density, thermal conductivity and strength were discussed. Comparing the measured and theoretical values

Regeneration of chronic skin wounds in tissue is still a key challenge in regenerative medicine because of the accumulation of senescent cells and increasing secretion of "senescence-associated secretory phenotype"-(SASP) in the wound site. Recently, some studies have reported that small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from stem cells can alleviate cellular senescence with very low risk of tumorigenesis

Although bone defects can be restored spontaneously, bone reconstruction with sufficient strength and volume continues to be a challenge in clinical practices. In recent years, the use of a variety of biomaterials with bioactivity has been attempted to compensate for this limitation. Herein, we fabricated a pDNA (encoding for BMP-2)-loaded asymmetrically porous polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127

Microstructures of nanoporous Pd are essentially important for its physical and chemical properties. In this work, we show that the microstructures of nanoporous Pd can be tuned by adjusting compositions of the precursor alloys, and dealloying and heat treatment parameters. Both the ligament and pore sizes decrease with increasing the electrochemical potential upon dealloying and the concentration

Chalcogenide based phase change random access memory (PCRAM) holds great promise for high speed and large data storage applications. This memory is scalable, requires a low switching energy, has a high endurance, has fast switching speed, and is nonvolatile. However, decreasing the switching time whilst increasing the cycle endurance is a key challenge for this technology to replace dynamic random

We developed flexible and transparent thin film heaters (TFHs) with a structure of AZO/Ag-SnOx/AZO/polyimide (PI) which exhibited superior stability under operational conditions. Ultrathin and robust doped silver (Ag) films were produced by introducing a small amount of SnOx during the sputtering process. The AZO/Ag-SnOx/AZO stacks showed the best figure of merit value of 139.9, which was higher than

Transition metal carbide and nitride (MXene) has recently emerged as next-generation two-dimendional (2D) materials for various applications, such as photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, supercapacitor, lithium-ion battery and biomedicine, due to its fascinating physicochemical properties. In photocatalysis, MXene could allow fast photogenerated charge carrier separation and provide abundant surface functional

The elastic constants, ideal tensile strength (ITS), stacking fault energy (SFE), lattice constant and magnetic moment of FeMnCoCrNi high entropy alloys with varying Co and Cr contents at 0 and 300 K were systematically investigated by first-principle calculations. For the alloys with Co substitution for Ni, at both temperatures the elastic stability of the face-centered cubic (fcc) phase, bulk elastic

Implant-related infection and early bone integration are the main risk factors of implants for long-term service, to overcome these difficulties, SLA-TiCu surface was prepared by sandblasting and large-grits etching (SLA) treatment on a novel antibacterial titanium-copper alloy (TiCu), which is the most prevalent surface treatment with micro/submicron hierarchical structures to titanium-based implants

Porous SiOC ceramic was successfully prepared by pyrolysis of dimethylsilicone oil, silane coupling agent and melamine foam. The microwave absorbing properties of porous SiOC were studied for the first time. At the matching layer thickness of 3.0 mm, the paraffin-based composite with porous SiOC displays a minimum reflection coefficient (RC) of -39.13 dB (11.76 GHz) and an effective absorption bandwidth

We report an experimental investigation on laser ablation and associated surface structuring of CdZnTe by femtosecond Ti:Sa laser pulses (laser wavelength λ≈800 nm, ≈35 fs, 10 Hz), in air. By exploiting different static irradiation conditions, the fluence threshold and the incubation effect in CdZnTe are estimated. Interestingly, surface treatment with a low laser fluence (laser pulse energy E≈5-10

Nanolaminates are composed of nanoscale-thick alternating layers of different materials and their properties are dependent on the individual layers, the layer thickness and the interfaces between the layers. Nanolaminates composed of cubic crystal structured metals are usually ductile compared to nanolaminates containing hexagonal crystal structured metals. Mechanical properties such as strength and

Powder bed fusion with electron beam (PBF-EB), allows Co-Cr-Mo (CCM) implants with patient-customization to be fabricated with high quality and complex geometry. However, the variability in the properties of PBF-EB-built CCM alloy, mainly due to the lack of understanding of the mechanisms that govern microstructural heterogeneity, brings limitations in extensive application. In this study, the microstructural

Hollow mesoporous TiO2 spheres (THs) were prepared via template-directed deposition of TiO2 nanoparticles on the surface of carbon spheres. The carbon spheres were used as hard templates. Their diameters were controlled by pH adjustment prior to a hydrothermal process. Physical properties, such as crystallinity, optical characteristics, microstructure and surface morphology of the samples were characterized

Plasma nitriding is successfully employed in treating AlxCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloys (HEAs) with finely-divided Al content (i.e., x values in molar ratio, x = 0.1- 0.8) to develop wear-resistant structural materials. Nitridation greatly removes the Al from the matrix that completely deplete the Ni-Al enriched phase, forming nanoscaled nitrides (AlN and CrN) precipitations near the surface. Nitriding

Ytterbium aluminum garnet (Yb3Al5O12) is considered as a promising thermal barrier material. However, the main limitations of Yb3Al5O12 for thermal barrier applications are relative low thermal expansion and high thermal conductivity. In order to overcome these obstacles, herein, a new high entropy (Y0.2Yb0.2Lu0.2Eu0.2Er0.2)3Al5O12 ceramic was designed, and then powders and bulk were prepared through

In the current study, high strain-rate rolling (≥10 s-1) has been successfully employed to produce Mg-3Al-1Zn alloy sheets to a high reduction of 82% with a fine grain structure in a single pass. The underlying mechanism of forming primary and secondary edge cracks has been investigated. It is found that dynamic recrystallization (DRX) induced by subgrains tends to blunt cracks, while twinning-induced

It has been found recently in experiments that diamond/lonsdaleite biphase could possess excellent thermal-mechanical properties, implying that the properties of carbon materials can be improved by reasonably designing their internal structures. The mechanism of the excellent performance arising from biphasic structure is still unknown and needs to be revealed. In this paper, we established a series

Two-dimensional (2D) ternary wide-bandgap semiconducting materials have great potential in power device, flexible electronic device, short-wavelength light emitting diodes (LEDs) and photodetectors due to the controllable bandgap, strong light-material interaction, and controlled freedom degree of stoichiometry variation. However, it is still a great challenge to precisely control the growth of high-quality

In this work, a non-toxic and environmentally friendly aqueous-solution-based method has been adopted to prepare gadolinium-doped hafnium oxide (HfO2) gate dielectric thin films. By adjusting the gadolinium (Gd) doping concentration, the oxygen vacancy content, band offset, interface trap density, and dielectric constant of HfGdOx (HGO) thin films have been optimized. Results have confirmed that HGO

Doping in pristine 2D materials brings about the advantage of modulating wide range of mechanical properties simultaneously. However, intrinsic defects (such as Stone-Wales and nanopore) in such hybrid materials are inevitable due to complex manufacturing and synthesis processes. Besides that, defects and irregularities can be intentionally induced in a pristine nanostructure for multi-synchronous

This work characterizes microstructural evolutions of electron beam melted (EBM) Ti-6Al-4 V alloy modified via laser shock peening (LSP). The depth stress distribution and tensile properties of EBM Ti-6Al-4 V alloy were measured before and after LSP. The results indicate that microstructure consists of β phase with 7.2% ± 0.4% vol.% and balance α lamellar in EBM sample, and the α lamella was refined

Highly textured dense Ca3−xYxCo4O9+δ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.3) samples were fabricated by combining sol − gel process with spark plasma sintering (SPS). Y3+ substitution for Ca2+ simultaneously increased the Seebeck coefficient and reduced the thermal conductivity. The latter was attributed to the increase in lattice anharmonicity, structural distortion, and grain boundary area, which enhanced the phonon scattering

To understand the formation and growth of plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) coatings in presence of different secondary phases in a substrate, PEO treatment was carried out on AlSi9Cu3 alloy at different treatment times ranging from 15 s to 480 s. The coating formation and evolution process was traced by surface and cross-sectional observation of the layers on the different phases of the alloy. The

A data-driven approach combining together the experimental laser soldering, finite element analysis and machine learning, has been utilized to predict the morphology of interfacial intermetallic compound (IMC) in Sn-xAg-yCu/Cu (SAC/Cu) system. Six types of SAC solders with varying weight proportion of Ag and Cu, have been processed with fiber laser at different magnitudes of power (30-50 W) and scan

718H Pre-hardened mold steels with different high purity Ce and La alloys were prepared to investigate the influence of rare earth (RE) on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties through a series of experiments and theoretical analysis. The results indicated that the toal oxygen (T.O) content decreased from 15 ppm to 6 ppm with 0.022 wt% RE addition, which is attributed to the active chemical

To overcome the trade-off between the devisable microstructure and the excellent tensile ductility of bulk metallic glass composites (BMGCs), a novel ex-situ and in-situ hybrid strategy is successfully proposed to design a series of the work-hardenable ductile Ti-based multilayered BMGCs (ML-BMGCs). The as-prepared ML-BMGCs, consisting of α-phases, β-phases and amorphous phases, exhibit a controllable

BiFeGaO3-BaTiO3 (BFG-BT) based ceramics with a large piezoelectric coefficient are potential high performance lead-free piezoelectric compounds. In this work, textured and random BFG-BT ceramics were realized by solid state reaction method with and without BaTiO3 (BT) templates. Textured ceramics were obtained by a reactive templated grain growth (RTGG) method leading to a high-temperature electromechanical

Zwitterionic glycine was employed to modify Fe/Mg-layered double hydroxides (LDH) to realize an G-Fe/Mg-LDH adsorbent with high adsorption capacities of oxygen-containing anions including As(V), P(V) and Cr(VI). When the Fe/Mg mole ratio was 0.02 mol/0.02 mol, the G-Fe/Mg-LDH has a good adsorption performance. The optimum adsorption pH value of G-Fe/Mg-LDH for oxygen-containing anions was 6. The selectivity

Effects of Cr addition (0, 3, and 6 wt%) on Charpy impact properties of Fe-C-Mn-Cr-based steels were studied by conducting dynamic compression tests at room and cryogenic temperatures. At room temperature, deformation mechanisms of Charpy impacted specimens were observed as twinning induced plasticity (TWIP) without any transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) in all the steels. At cryogenic temperature

A direct Z-scheme CdFe2O4/g-C3N4 hybrid systems with different weight ratios of CdFe2O4 nanoparticles were successfully designed and constructed for ceftiofur sodium photodegradation. The as-obtained CdFe2O4/g-C3N4 hybrid samples composed of CdFe2O4 nanoparticles and g-C3N4 nanosheets were systematically characterized by different techniques including X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope

Exploiting efficient and low-cost cocatalyst with a facile grafting strategy is of critical importance for significantly boosting the photocatalytic H2-evolution activity. In this study, S2--adsorbed MoSx nanoparticle as a superior H2-evolutoin cocatalyst was successfully grafted on the TiO2 surface to greatly boost its photocatalytic activity via one-step lactic acid-induced synthesis strategy. Herein

Complex interactions within a microbial consortium can induce severe corrosion in oil pipelines. This study investigated the mechanism of microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) that led to failure of X52 steel pipelines after hydrostatic testing. Laboratory hydrostatic testing with untreated lake water and underground water were used to simulate and study the events that led to the actual corrosion

Localized and sustained osteogenic-angiogenic stimulation to bone defects is critical for effective bone repair. Here, desferrioxamine (DFO) was loaded on silk fibroin nanofibers and blended with hydroxyapatite nanorods (HA), forming injectable DFO-loaded silk fibroin-HA nanocomposite hydrogels. The composite hydrogels remained homogeneous distribution of HA with high ratio (60%) and also higher stiffness

Breast cancer is the most common one in women worldwide and doxorubicin (Dox) is one of the most commonly used and effective drugs for breast cancer treatment. Unfortunately, Dox-based chemotherapy faces irreversible cardiotoxicity and unsatisfactory therapy efficiency. It is desirable to devise Dox nanoformulations with less adverse effects and greater therapeutic efficacy for this cancer treatment

Commercial purity as-cast magnesium was hot rolled and subsequently annealed at different temperatures in order to investigate its grain growth behavior and link it to the texture evolution. Annealing at an intermediate temperature of 220 °C gave rise to abnormal grain growth with a few grains reaching a grain diameter 10 times larger than the mean. Increasing the annealing temperature to 350 °C yielded

The phase field crystal method and Continuum Modeling are applied to study the cooperative dislocation motion of the grain boundary (GB) migration, the manner of the nucleation of the grain and of the grain growth in two dimensions (2D) under the deviatoric deformation at high temperature. Three types of the nucleation modes of new finding are observed by the phase field crystal simulation: The first

Complex interactions within a microbial consortium can induce severe corrosion in oil pipelines. This study investigated the mechanism of microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) that led to failure of X52 steel pipelines after hydrostatic testing. Laboratory hydrostatic testing with untreated lake water and underground water were used to simulate and study the events that led to the actual corrosion

Austenite formation from a ferrite-cementite mixture is a crucial step during the processing of advanced high strength steels (AHSS). The ferrite-cementite mixture is usually inhomogeneous in both structure and composition, which makes the mechanism of austenite formation very complex. In this contribution, austenite formation upon continuous heating from a designed spheroidized cementite structure

Tensile behavior of an equiaxed-grained Fe-6.5 wt.%Si alloy, which was deformed into Φ6 mm bar by hot rotary swaging, was investigated at various temperatures (300–400 °C) and stretching rates (0.42–1 mm/min). The results revealed an enhancement in the intermediate-temperature tensile ductility after heat treatments. Deformation twinning was found in the equiaxed-grained Fe-6.5 wt.%Si bars during the

Herein, microtubular nanoporous g-C3N4 (TPCN) with hierarchical structure and nitrogen defects was prepared via a facile self-templating approach. On one hand, the hexagonal tubular structure can facilitate the light reflection/scattering, provide internal/external active sites, and endow the electron with oriented transfer channels. The well-developed nanoporosity can result in large specific surface