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A novel design of hard-magnetic soft switch array for planar and curved surface applications Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Po Yang, Yan Guo, Xiaomeng Xue, Bin Huang
This paper proposes an array structure with multidirectional remanent magnetization based on hard-magnetic soft materials, which can be used as a soft switch array on planar and curved surfaces. We firstly investigate the displacement response of a hard-magnetic soft switch which is excited by a magnetic field, and related to the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field. When the remanent magnetization
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Research on temperature field reconstruction technology for single-dome combustion chambers based on flame image Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Miaomiao Chen, Haiyan Jiang, Xiaocheng Cai, Chuanwu Tan
In order to compensate for the limitations of traditional temperature measurement methods, glass plates were installed on both sides of the single-dome combustion chamber test piece, and two CCD cameras observed the combustion flame in the furnace from different positions. The obtained flame radiation images were combined into a single image through the video capture card, and then the images were
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Study on microstructural and mechanical properties of cementitious materials composed of fly ash and dacite powder Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Lu Liu, Jianjun Tan, Huanfeng Qiu, Jianbo Zhang, Yong Guo
The hydration reaction of mass concrete seriously endangers the structural safety. At present, the concrete production relies excessively on fly ash due to hydration reaction. In view of the problem that the demand of fly ash exceeds the supply, this paper proposes to use dacite powder to partially replace fly ash as the raw material for preparing cementitious materials. Through comprehensive tests
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Effect of carbide slag and steel slag as alkali activators on the key properties of carbide slag-steel slag-slag-phosphogypsum composite cementitious materials Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Guihong Yang, Chao Li, Wangshan Xie, Yao Yue, Chuiyuan Kong, Xiaolong Li
In order to enhance the utilization of alkaline carbide slag (CS) and steel slag (SS) in solid waste-based cementitious materials (SWBCM). In this study, slag (GGBS) was utilized as the primary material, phosphogypsum (PG) as the sulfat activator, and carbide slag (CS) and steel slag (SS) as the alkali activators to prepare carbide slag-steel slag-slag-phosphogypsum composite cementitious material
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Rheological and chemical indices to characterize long-term oxidative aging of SBS/rubber composite-modified asphalt binders Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Suhua Chen, Shangzhi Zhuo, Gang Xu, Xianhua Chen, Lin Yu, Qi Xu
Oxidative aging of asphalt binders seriously affects the durability of asphalt pavements and causes early damage. Hence, appropriate indices that could track the extent of asphalt binder aging are of great importance to the material selection, design, and maintenance of asphalt pavement. This paper aims to select the applicable rheological and chemical indices to characterize oxidative aging degrees
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Influence of print speed and nozzle diameter on the fiber alignment in 3D printed ultra-high-performance concrete Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Qamar Shahzad, Nadeem Abbas, Muhammad Akbar, Ehab Sabi, Blessen Skariah Thomas, Muhammad Usman Arshid
The limitations in the available reinforcing methods have accompanied the increasing popularity of 3D Concrete Printing (3DCP). Incorporating steel fibers as reinforcement is a promising approach to overcome these limitations. However, the impact of the printing process on the alignment of these fibers is not well understood. Therefore, the objective of this research is to quantitatively analyze the
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Optimization of surface roughness in milling of EN 24 steel with WC-Coated inserts using response surface methodology: analysis using surface integrity microstructural characterizations Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Shashwath Patil, Thanikodi Sathish, P. S. Rao, M. S. Prabhudev, V. Vijayan, S. Rajkumar, Shubham Sharma, Abhinav Kumar, Mohamed Abbas, Emad Makki
Introduction: Among alloys of medium-carbon and high-strength steel, EN 24 steel is characterised by its nickel-chromium-molybdenum composition. EN 24 steel is highly suitable for application in heavy-duty projects due to its notable resilience to damage, especially when exposed to low temperatures. With the objective of minimising surface irregularities, this research endeavours to enhance the milling
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Behavior of functionally graded carbon nanotube reinforced composite sandwich beams with pultruded GFRP core under bending effect Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Emrah Madenci, Yasin Onuralp Özkılıç, Alireza Bahrami, Ibrahim Y. Hakeem, Ceyhun Aksoylu, Muhammad Rizal Muhammad Asyraf, Alexey N. Beskopylny, Sergey A. Stel’makh, Evgenii M. Shcherban’, Sabry Fayed
A novel generation of composite sandwich beams with laminated carbon fiber-reinforced polymer skins and pultruded glass fiber-reinforced polymer core materials was examined for their flexural behavior. The strength and failure mechanisms of the composite sandwich beams in flatwise and edgewise configurations were investigated using three-point static bending tests. These sophisticated composite structures
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Thermal transport of glasses via machine learning driven simulations Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Paolo Pegolo, Federico Grasselli
Accessing the thermal transport properties of glasses is a major issue for the design of production strategies of glass industry, as well as for the plethora of applications and devices where glasses are employed. From the computational standpoint, the chemical and morphological complexity of glasses calls for atomistic simulations where the interatomic potentials are able to capture the variety of
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Impact of ethanol-assisted and non ethanol-assisted mixing methods on the mechanical properties of impregnated polymethylmethacrylate with MgO and Ag nanoparticles Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Awder Nuree Arf, Fadil Abdullah Kareem, Sarhang Sarwat Gul
This study aims to elucidate the effect of non ethanol-assisted and ethanol-assisted mixing methods and adding MgO-and Ag-nanoparticles (NPs) into PMMA on flexural strength, impact strength, microhardness (HV) and compressive strength. NPs (1%, 3% and 5% concentrations) were mixed with poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) powder by either using ethanol as a solvent (ethanol-assisted) or without ethanol
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Estimation of slope stability using ensemble-based hybrid machine learning approaches Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Prashanth Ragam, N. Kushal Kumar, Jubilson E. Ajith, Guntha Karthik, Vivek Kumar Himanshu, Divya Sree Machupalli, Bhatawdekar Ramesh Murlidhar
Mining is one of the most daunting occupations gain the sector since it entails risk at any point in the operation. In its operation, the main focus is on slope stability. To avoid slope failures, work should be performed in line with both the regulations and the safety criteria. Slope stability is essential in mining activities owing to slope failure putting productivity and safety at risk. Prediction
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Free vibration analysis of functionally graded graphene platelet-reinforced metal foam doubly curved panel Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Li-Li Zhang, Li-Cai Zhao, Song-Jun Lang, Kamran Asemi
In this research, free vibration characteristics of functionally graded metal foam doubly curved panels reinforced with graphene platelets and with porosities have been surveyed. Halpin Tsai's approach is utilized for extracting the effective Young modulus of porous metal foam nanocomposite and also the effective density of nanocomposite porous doubly curved shell panel is estimated by using an extended
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Radar absorbing properties of different size carbon nanotube reinforced polymer composites Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Gül Yilmaz Atay, Nurşah Bilgiç
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which have a diameter on the nanometer scale, are tube-like materials composed of carbon and graphite sheets. Carbon nanotubes play an important role in many fields such as nanotechnology, electronics, optics and material science due to their superior properties such as high elasticity, high thermal conductivity, low density and being more chemically inert. In this study, the
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Influence of surfactant on conductivity, capacitance and doping of electrodeposited polyaniline films Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Aihemaiti Kayishaer, Claire Magnenet, Ileana-Alexandra Pavel, Hamdi Ben Halima, Virginie Moutarlier, Boris Lakard, Nathalie Redon, Caroline Duc, Sophie Lakard
The electrodeposition of polyaniline films is usually carried out in acid solutions such as hydrochloric acid, perchloric acid or sulfuric acid, and more rarely in organic acids such as camphorsulfonic acid (CSA). In this study, the impact of the presence of a surfactant in the electrolytic solution based on hydrochloric acid or CSA was evaluated by successively using anionic (sodium dodecyl sulfate
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Formulation and evaluation of ophthalmic microemulsion for enhanced topical administration of brinzolamide Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Sehrish Zafar, Muhammad Faizan Nazar, Muhammad Yasir Siddique, Sajjad Haider, Kamran Alam, Muhammad Atif Saleem, Saadia Shaukat, Hafiz Muhammad Abd Ur Rahman, Zaka Ullah
Microemulsions (μEs) are more effective than conventional formulations for ophthalmic use due to their optical transparency, thermodynamic stability, structural flexibility and higher bioavailability. In addition, μE formulations can increase the water solubility of the drug and improve drug absorption in the eye. Herein, we report the development of three new biocompatible μE formulations containing
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An investigation of magnetic field distribution for assembly of magnets and its effect on alignment of steel fiber in aligned steel fiber-reinforced concrete Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Mingfeng Xu, Hui Li, Ru Mu
The magnetic field method for preparing aligned steel fiber-reinforced concrete (ASFRC) by solenoid coil has a limitation, which is that the specimen must be placed inside the solenoid coil, limiting its practical engineering application. To overcome this shortcoming, this study proposes a method for preparing ASFRCs using an external magnetic field created by assembled magnets. A theoretical model
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Green roads ahead: a critical examination of bio-bitumen for sustainable infrastructure Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Yan Zhang, Pan Ding, Ling Zhang, Xiangyu Luo, Xu Cheng, Hongfei Zhang
Non-renewable nature and continuously increased consumptions of bitumen is a serious challenge for the development of infrastructure, especially for the constructions and maintenances of asphalt pavements. To cope with this situation, some sustainable strategies are needed. Extensive efforts have been made to improve the resilience, sustainability and circularity of asphalt pavements. Among them, the
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New perspectives for piezoelectric material-based cochlear implants: getting to nano Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Serena Danti, Stefano Berrettini
Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) occurs when the sound transduction mechanism in the inner ear is compromised, because of impairments affecting the sensory hair cells—the actual biological transducers (90% of cases)—or the neurons. SNHL results in a broad spectrum of developmental, cognitive and psycho-social damages. To date, only cochlear implants (CIs) can offer a therapeutic solution to patients
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Impact of various heat treatment processes and welding speeds on the mechanical properties and microstructures of soft/hard composite joints Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Yang Yu, Zhao Wang, Biao Chen, Shuchao Zhang, Jinliang Du
There is a certain contradiction between the formability and strength of auto parts. In this work, the whole-process processing technology of hot stamping soft steel was designed, and 500 MPa grade mild steel (500HS) with uniform microstructure was prepared. To take into account the strength and formability of hot stamping soft steel, here, based on laser welding technology, 500 MPa grade soft steel
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Performance analysis of vehicle magnetorheological semi-active air suspension based on S-QFSMC control Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Gang Li, Yu Gan, Qianjie Liu, Han Xu, Dianfeng Chen, Lin Zhong, Jianming Deng, Guoliang Hu
The performance of the suspension is a crucial criterion for evaluating both vehicle handling and passenger comfort. To enhance suspension performance, this study proposes the design of a Quantum Genetic Fuzzy Sliding Mode Controller (S-QFSMC) based on the Smith predictor estimator, building upon the foundation of the vehicle magneto-rheological semi-active air suspension. According to the physical
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Advances in highly hydrided palladium Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Qianru Wang, Shengyuan Zhang, Jianping Guo, Ping Chen
Palladium is a prototypical hydride-forming metal, which can accommodate a large volume of hydrogen through the formation of either interstitial or complex hydrides. Interstitial palladium hydrides, especially those with exceptionally high hydrogen loadings, have attracted considerable interest from the low-energy nuclear reaction (LENR) community, as they have been invoked to explain the anomalous
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Optimization and mechanism analysis of a compound additive for unfired bricks made of construction and demolition wastes Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Han-Dong Liu, Liujun Fan
Construction and demolition waste (CDW) was fully exploited to prepare high-strength and low-cost unfired bricks. A compound additive consisting of sodium silicate, microsilica powder, an early-strength water reducer, and wood fiber was incorporated into the bricks. Tests (compressive tests, freeze–thaw cycle tests, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)) were carried out to determine the effect of
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Experimental study on the seismic performance of concrete-filled steel tube columns with a multiple-chamber round-ended cross-section Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Jing Liu, Wenzuo Yu, Yawei Fang, Zimao Pan
Reinforced concrete bridge piers with round-ended sections are susceptible to bending, bending–shear, and shear failure after earthquakes in high-intensity areas, thus necessitating improved seismic performance. This study introduced a novel design for a concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) column, featuring a multi-chambered, round-ended cross-section. The use of longitudinal and transverse stiffeners
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Corrosion fatigue performance of modified 17-4PH in simulated geothermal environment Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Zhipeng Li, Ming Sun, Hongguang Zhang, Weiwei Xu, Lianlian Wu
Corrosion fatigue behavior of a new candidate material for geothermal turbine blade, modified 17-4PH, was investigated in detail. The environmental acceleration of crack growth rate was discussed in terms of ∆K. Fracture surface and side surface were observed by SEM. The crack path on side surface was also analyzed by EBSD. Then, the corrosion mechanism was discussed. Striation width on the fracture
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Shrinkage properties of porous materials during drying: a review Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Jie Li, Yulin Huang, Mengyuan Gao, Jinxin Tie, Guannan Wang
The shrinkage characteristic of porous materials is an important consideration in the drying process, as it can significantly impact the texture of the dried product and energy utilization. This phenomenon is influenced by numerous factors, including the structure of the cells, drying conditions, and the glass transition temperature. To gain a deeper understanding of the drying process, it is necessary
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Sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB) biofilm development and its role in microbial corrosion of carbon steel Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Sachie Welikala, Saad Al-Saadi, Will P. Gates, Christopher Panter, R. K. Singh Raman
The development of biofilm by pure SRB culture on carbon steel, and its role on corrosion were investigated using microscopic, spectroscopic, electrochemical and surface characterization techniques. Tubercle biofilm and irregularly shaped pits were observed on steel surfaces in high-nutrient biotic solution. Owing to development of a protective FeS film in 72 h immersion, corrosion resistance improved
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Molecular dynamics simulation on the mechanical properties of Zr-Cu metallic nanoglasses with heterogeneous chemical compositions Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Tian Li, Nana Li, Bo Kuang, Guangping Zheng
The mechanical properties of metallic nanoglasses (NGs) strongly depend on the average size of glassy grains (Davg). Nevertheless, current knowledge on the effects of sizes of glassy grains is incomplete for the mechanical properties of NGs. Herein, ZrxCu100-x (25 ≤ x ≤ 75) nanoglasses containing glassy grains with different chemical compositions, i.e., the heterogeneous NGs (HNGs), are investigated
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Fractional derivative-based normalized viscoelastic model of strain-hardening clays Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Yin Tang, Peng Wang, Peng Ren, Hua Zhang
Introduction: The stress-strain relationship of clays characterized by strain hardening exhibits varying curves under different confining pressures and dry densities.Methods: Considering the viscoelastic properties of clays, a normalized viscoelastic model of strain-hardening clay was established based on fractional derivatives, and normalization factors were proposed.Results: The experimental results
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Tragacanth gum-based hydrogels for drug delivery and tissue engineering applications Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Gholamreza Abdi, Mukul Jain, Nil Patil, Mohd. Tariq, Shipra Choudhary, Pankaj Kumar, Neeraja S. Raj, Saif Saleh Mohsen Ali, U. T. Uthappa
Natural polymers have many uses, and Tragacanth gum is just one of them. Many people are interested in natural gums because of their many attractive characteristics, such as being ‘green’ bio-based renewable materials, being easily accessible, inexpensive, and structurally diverse. One class of naturally occurring polysaccharides is called gum because of its tendency to create a gel or a thick solution
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The effect of Te-based lead-free glass powder containing Ge and Ag+ on the contact formation and electrical performance of silicon solar cells Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Xianglei Yu, Wei Li, Hu Sun, Zhuo Qian, Junpeng Li, Yang Yu, Guoyou Gan
The Te-based glass powder exhibits distinctive characteristics such as a low melting temperature and high chemical stability, rendering it a focal point of research in the realm of glass powder applications for solar cells. In this investigation, a pioneering Ge-containing Te-based lead-free glass powder was synthesized, and the influence of GeO2 content on critical parameters such as glass transition
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Trap-assisted monolayer ReSe2/Si heterojunction with high photoconductive gain and self-driven broadband photodetector. Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Beomsu Jo, Kanghoon Seo, Kyumin Park, Chaewon Jeong, Bathalavaram Poornaprakash, Moonsang Lee, Singiri Ramu, Myung Gwan Hahm, Young Lae Kim
The development of photodetectors is crucial in fields such as optical communication, image sensing, medical devices and military equipment, where high sensitivity is paramount. We fabricated an ambipolar photodiode using monolayer triclinic ReSe2, synthesized by chemical vapor deposition on p-type Si substrate. The photodetector has a broadband response range from 405 to 1100 nm. The device exhibits
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Mechanical properties of thermally damaged mortar under coupled static-dynamic loading Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Chengjuan Ying, Haiming Chen, Jie Chen, Liangxiao Xiong, Duoxi Yao
In buildings that experience fires, cement mortar is subjected to high-temperature environments and not only the weight of the structure above but also blast loads, leading to structural damage and loss of load-bearing capacity. To investigate the static and dynamic mechanical properties of thermally damaged mortar, a series of tests utilizing modified split Hopkinson pressure bar were conducted. These
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Fracture analysis of steel fibre-reinforced concrete using Finite element method modeling Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Muhammad Alamgeer Shams, Naraindas Bheel, Mohsin Ali, Mahmood Ahmad, Taoufik Najeh, Yaser Gamil, Hamad R. Almujibah, Omrane Benjeddou
Concrete has a great capacity to withstand compressive strength, but it is rather weak at resisting tensile stresses, which ultimately result in the formation of cracks in concrete buildings. The development of cracks has a significant impact on the durability of concrete because they serve as direct pathways for corrosive substances that harm the concrete’s constituents. Consequently, the reinforced
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Comparative study of typical asphalt binders in Xinjiang region modified with warm mix additives Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Bangyan Hu, Xianchen Ai, Juan Feng
Xinjiang’s representative asphalt binders, such as Karamay and Tahe asphalt, lack sufficient research on warm-mix additive modification effects. Given their unique microstructure and molecular composition differences, comprehensive investigations are essential for a nuanced understanding of these binders. This study added Sasobit and Evotherm warm mix additives to Karamay 90# asphalt and Tahe 90# asphalt
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The PFILSTM model: a crack recognition method based on pyramid features and memory mechanisms Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Bin Chen, Mingyu Fan, Ke Li, Yusheng Gao, Yifu Wang, Yiqian Chen, Shuohui Yin, Junxia Sun
Crack detection is a crucial task for the structural health diagnosis of buildings. The current widely used manual inspection methods have inherent limitations and safety hazards, while traditional digital image processing methods require manual feature extraction and also have substantial limitations. In this paper, we propose a crack recognition method based on pyramid features and memory mechanisms
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Study on rheological, adsorption and hydration properties of cement slurries incorporated with EPEG-based polycarboxylate superplasticizers Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Yunhui Fang, Zhaopeng Wang, Dongming Yan, Huazhen Lai, Xiuxing Ma, Junying Lai, Yi Liu, Lina Zhong, Zhanhua Chen, Xiaofang Zhang, Zhijun Lin, Dongye Wang
A series of polycarboxylate superplasticizers (PCEs) with different side-chain densities, main chain polymerization degrees, and side-chain lengths were designed and synthesized using a novel highly active ethylene glycol mono vinyl ether polyethylene glycol as the ether monomer. The influence of polycarboxylate ether on the rheological properties, interface adsorption, and hydration characteristics
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Level evaluation of concrete dam fractures based on game theory combination weighting-normal cloud model Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Wei-Wei Li, Xin-Bao Gu, Chao Yang, Chao Zhao
Hazard evaluation of concrete dam fractures is vital for safe operations. The width (S1), length (S2), and depth (S3) of fractures are adopted as the assessment index, and the game theory combination weighting-normal cloud model is introduced. The normal cloud model of certain dam fractures is subsequently established. The weight coefficients of each index are calculated using game theory combination
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Thermal fatigue analysis and structural optimization of sliding composite leaf spring Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-09 Lubin Wang, Wenliang Chen, Xiaoqin Lu
The thermal failure mechanism of sliding composite leaf springs (SCLSs) is examined in this research. Bench fatigue testing is used in the experimental investigation of the thermal failure temperature and mode. The findings demonstrate that after 20 min, when the temperature reaches the glass transition temperature, cracks start to form around the bolt hole of the composite body. The findings from
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Cross-linking lignin and cellulose with polymers using siloxane compounds Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Samantha Grade, Xavier Zhang, Che-Hao Yang, Isaac Oduro, Chenxi Wang
Siloxanes are a group of substances characterized by Si-O-Si functional group. Siloxanes can react with alcohols to form Si-O-C bond. Siloxanes have been widely used as crossing linking agents and graft copolymers as well as additives for plastics. Lignin contains both phenolic and aliphatic hydroxy groups which have the potential to instigate bonding with siloxane compounds. However, there has not
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Effect of interface treatment on the flexural performance of existing RC bridge beams strengthened with UHPC Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Jianping Song, Baojun Li, Lingcai Kong, Dafan Qin, Chao Zhu, Yang Kuang, Aicheng Shan
As one of the most innovative cement-based materials, ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC), with excellent durability and mechanical properties, has been widely used in strengthening existing bridges. In this study, in-situ four-point bending tests were carried out to investigate the flexural behavior of precast reinforced concrete (RC) hollow slab beams in service for 15 years strengthened with
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The effect of sucrose polymer-size on glass transition temperature, glass former fragility, and water retention during drying Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-07 U. G. V. S. S. Kumara, John F. Ramirez, Thomas C. Boothby
Water is essential for all active life processes. Despite this, there are a number of organisms that can survive prolonged desiccation. The vitrification hypothesis posits that such organisms survive desiccation by forming non-crystalline amorphous (vitrified) solids, often through the accumulation of protective disaccharides. In line with this theory, vitrification has been shown to be essential for
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An improved approach for the continuous retardation spectra of concrete creep and applications Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-07 Xinzhu Zhou, Linhong Bai, Hua Rong, Xinglang Fan, Jianjun Zheng, Yan Geng
Creep is an important physical property of concrete and can lead to additional displacement, stress redistribution, and even cracking in concrete structures, inducing prestress loss of large-scale prestressed concrete structures. When an exponential algorithm is used to calculate the long-term creep of concrete, it is usually necessary to apply the continuous retardation spectra of the material. In
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Study on the monitoring method of debonding between concrete beams and reinforced steel plates based on piezoelectric smart materials Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Yanru Wang, Hu Kong, Yaxi Sun, Mingli Tan, Lihua Chen
Concrete reinforcement is essential for ensuring the safety and durability of concrete structures. Bonding steel plates to reinforce concrete is widely used to renovate or strengthen concrete beam structures. Due to construction quality and the influence of factors such as environment and fatigue, debonding often occurs between the steel plate and concrete, making monitoring and early warning after
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Tribological investigations of hemp reinforced NAO brake friction polymer composites with varying percentage of resin loading Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Mithul Naidu, Ajit Bhosale, Mahesh Gaikwad, Sachin Salunkhe, Robert Čep, Emad Abouel Nasr
NAO brake friction materials with 4%, 5%, and 6% (w/v) sodium hydroxide treated hemp fiber reinforcement having 25% wt. fiber loading and fixed percentage of phenol formaldehyde resin content (20% wt.) along with other fillers have been studied and reported by the authors earlier. However, the effect of variations in the resin content on the tribological performance has been studied and reported in
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Harnessing the joint effect of approach bridges in arch bridge construction: an analytical study on thrust stiffness and elevation error mitigation Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Shaorui Wang, Ji Feng, Ligui Yang, Guoqing Cai, Daimin Jiang
Achieving full equilibrium for the horizontal component force of the backstay in cable-stayed arch bridges is challenging, and the stiffness of the buckle tower has a notable influence on the overall shape of the main arch structure. Increased stiffness in the buckle tower leads to reduced construction complexity. Therefore, this study proposed a method of enhancing the longitudinal thrust stiffness
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The influence of basalt fiber on the mechanical performance of concrete-filled steel tube short columns under axial compression Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Xinzhong Wang, Linshu Li, Yi Xiang, Yuexing Wu, Mei Wei
With rapid economic and social development, both concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) composite structures and basalt fiber (BF) have been widely applied in the field of civil engineering. To investigate the laws and characteristics of the influence of chopped BF on the mechanical properties of CFST columns and further promote the application of BF in CFST structures, the axial compressive bearing capacity
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Experimental analysis and modeling of micro-texture and vickers hardness impact on polished stone value in high-friction aggregates Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Zhenqing He, Jun Li, Juanni Nian, Bowen Guan
This article intends to study the influence of micro-texture and Vickers hardness on the Polished Stone Value (PSV) of four types of high friction aggregates (90# Bauxite, 75# Bauxite, Basalt, and Granite) during the long-term polishing process. For this purpose, profile roughness, Vickers hardness, and PSV were tested. The relationship between profile roughness, Vickers hardness, and PSV was analyzed
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An modified intelligent real-time crack detection method for bridge based on improved target detection algorithm and transfer learning Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Yang Yang, Long Li, Gang Yao, Hongbo Du, Yuxiao Chen, Linjun Wu
The combination of UAV camera and intelligent algorithm is a promising method for non-contact bridge crack detection. In this paper, an inspection tool based on UAV Image Acquisition Technology (UAVIAT) and Improved Intelligent Target Detection Technology (IITDT) called Improved Intelligent Real-Time Crack Detection Method for Bridges (IIRTCDMB) is proposed for efficient crack detection. The contributions
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Advancing scaffold porosity through a machine learning framework in extrusion based 3D bioprinting Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Shah M. Limon, Connor Quigley, Rokeya Sarah, Ahasan Habib
Three Dimensional (3D) bioprinting holds great promise for tissue and organ regeneration due to its inherent capability to deposit biocompatible materials containing live cells in precise locations. Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting (EBP) method stands out for its ability to achieve a higher cell release rate, ensuring both external and internal scaffold structures. The systematic adjustment of key process
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Experimental study on wear failure of spindle hook teeth of cotton picker Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Yugang Wang, Zhantao Li, Yanqing Gu, Hongwen Zhang, Pengda Zhao, Yongzheng Wang, Jianning Yang
Introduction: The wear failure of spindle will lead to a decrease in cotton harvesting rate of the cotton picker during field operation and serious wastage.Method: Three types of spindle samples at different installation positions and working areas were obtained through field experiments to explore the wear failure law of spindle hook teeth of cotton picker during field operation. Hardness of hook
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Optimization of tensile strength in 3D printed PLA parts via meta-heuristic approaches: a comparative study Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Vijaykumar S. Jatti, Shahid Tamboli, Sarfaraj Shaikh, Nitin S. Solke, Vikas Gulia, Vinaykumar S. Jatti, Nitin K. Khedkar, Sachin Salunkhe, Marek Pagáč, Emad S. Abouel Nasr
This research focuses on the relationship between the tensile strength of PLA material and several 3D printing parameters, such as infill density, layer height, print speed, and extrusion temperature, utilizing the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) method of Additive Manufacturing (AM). Tensile strength of the samples was determined in compliance with ASTM D638 standard, and the experiments were carried
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Effect of tungsten contents on the jet penetration performance of shaped charge liner based copper-tungsten composites Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Nguyen Minh Tuan, Nguyen Van Toan, Vu Thang Long, Luong Van Duong, Pham Van Trinh, Tran Bao Trung, Doan Dinh Phuong
Herein, we investigated the effect of W content on the jet penetration performance of W-Cu shaped charge liners by using both simulation and experimental methods. The W-Cu composite liners were prepared directly by using spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique. Microstructural observations showed that W particles were uniformly dispersed within the Cu matrix. The relative density of W-Cu composites
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Electrical conductivity analysis of extrusion-based 3D-printed graphene Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Hushein R, Mohamed Iqbal Shajahan, Robert Čep, Sachin Salunkhe, Arun Prasad Murali, Gawade Sharad, Hussein Mohamed Abdelmoneam Hussein, Emad Abouel Nasr
Nowadays, research has shown the emergence of the 3D printing method for printing a functionalized component. Graphene nanomaterial has an enormous conducting property that can compete with conducting materials like copper and silicon. This paper describes the electrical conductivity investigation of 3D-printed graphene nanomaterial in extrusion-based 3D printing methods. In extrusion, two different
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Numerical analysis on dynamic response and damage threshold characterization of deep rock mass under blasting excavation Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-26 Qi Zong, Nao Lv, Haibo Wang, Jichao Duan
The excessive destruction of surrounding rock in deep tunnel will change the original environmental state and destroy the natural ecological balance. Research on the dynamic response characteristics and damage thresholds of rock masses in deep environments plays a crucial role in determining the excavation range of blasted rock and establishing safety construction scheme. This study employs numerical
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Laser ultrasonic time-domain synthetic aperture focusing (SAFT) co-overlay software and hardware (COSH) computing system based on ZYNQ Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Junfu Tan, Chenyin Ni, Chanjuan Wu, Kaining Ying, Lunan Dai, Zhonghua Shen
The application of laser ultrasonic technology to defect detection is being widely studied. The Synthetic Aperture Focusing Techniques (SAFTs) is one of the imaging algorithms for detecting and imaging internal defects. SAFT based on Delay and Sum (DAS-SAFT) is known for high-quality imaging results. However, it has the disadvantages of the large calculation amount, which severely restricts its application
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Polyolefin ductile-brittle transition temperature predictions by machine learning Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Florian Kiehas, Martin Reiter, Juan Pablo Torres, Michael Jerabek, Zoltán Major
Polymers show a transition from ductile-to brittle fracture behavior at decreasing temperatures. Consequently, the material toughness has to be determined across wide temperature ranges in order to determine the Ductile-Brittle Transition Temperature This usually necessitates multiple impact experiments. We present a machine-learning methodology for the prediction of DBTTs from single Instrumented
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Multi-functional composite coating based on the dual effects of cooling and exhaust gas degradation Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Peng Huang, Feng Chen, Mingming Cai, Xiangbing Gong, Xue Huang, Yu Jiang, Ziming Liu
High-temperature hazards of asphalt pavement and pollution from car exhaust are two major problems that need to be solved in road construction. In this paper, a multifunctional composite coating has been prepared from the perspective of reducing road temperature and car exhaust degradation. The principle of heat-reflecting coating is used to reduce the road surface temperature. At the same time, the
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Azo dye polyelectrolyte multilayer films reversibly re-soluble with visible light Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Mikhail Kim, Coral Hillel, Kayrel Edwards, Tristan H. Borchers, Ozzy Mermut, William J. Pietro, Christopher J. Barrett
Polymeric multilayer films were prepared using a layer-by-layer (LBL) technique on glass surfaces, by repeated and sequential dipping into dilute aqueous solutions of various combinations of water-soluble polyanions (polyacrylic acid (PAA)), polycations (polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH) or chitosan (CS)), with bi-functional water-soluble cationic azo dyes bismark brown R bismarck brown red or bismark
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Research on the antibacterial mechanism of medical nanosilver latex composite materials Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Zhuang Meng, Bin Fan, Pengyu Yan, Chun Liu
Objective: This study investigates the antibacterial mechanisms of medical nanosilver latex materials by conducting antibacterial experiments on nanosilver latex, observing the morphological changes in Escherichia coli after co-cultivation with nanosilver, and detecting variations in nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, protein, and DNA fragment content. The aim is to provide a theoretical foundation for
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The band gap and nonlinear optical susceptibility of SrSn1-xVxO3 films Front. Mater. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Ziheng Huang, Qiushuang Ma, Depeng Wang, Rongjing Zhao, Ruifeng Niu, Weitian Wang
Perovskite-type oxide SrSn1-xVxO3 thin films with different concentrations x = 0.1–0.9 were fabricated by using pulsed-laser deposition, and the effects of V doping on the structure, optical band gap and the third-order optical nonlinearity were systematically investigated. With the increase of x value, the lattice parameters of SrSn1-xVxO3 decrease from 3.997 to 3.862 Å gradually, while the optical