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Crystallization and rheology of Na2O–CaO–Al2O3–SiO2 melt in the vitrification of technological waste Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 D. Perret, A. Sierk, N. Pereira Machado, J. Agullo, A. Laplace, I. Bardez‐Giboire, I. Hugon
Vitrification of solid technological waste is currently under investigation. For this type of waste made up of metals, minerals, and organic matters, formulation studies were carried out in the NCAS (Na2O–CaO–Al2O3–SiO2) system in order to define a vitrifying additive to treat the entire waste deposit, while maximizing the waste loading. Main challenge related to this type of waste comes from the presence
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Structural stability and proton beam irradiation effects on simulated metal fluoride waste–loaded iron phosphate glass Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Akhilesh C. Joshi, Mainak Roy, Dimple P. Dutta, Raman K. Mishra, Sher Singh Meena, Ravi Kumar
Next‐generation nuclear reactor technologies such as the molten salt reactor utilize alkali metal fluoride salts as both fuel and coolant. In the present study, the suitability of iron phosphate glass (IPG) as a vitrification matrix for alkali metal fluoride (NaF, CaF2) and simulated fission product loaded fluoride (NdF3, CeF3, SmF3) waste has been explored. The structural change in the metal fluoride–loaded
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Enhancing bending performance of ultrathin flexible glass through chemical strengthening Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-24 Jingyi Mao, Jian Yuan, Zhenqiang Guo, Peijing Tian, Jiachang Zhang, Qi Zhang
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Vitrification of lead–bismuth alloy nuclear waste into a glass waste form Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-01-18 Xiong Zhou, Chenchen Niu, Kunfeng Li, Peng Lin, Kai Xu
Lead–bismuth eutectic (LBE), a promising coolant in advanced nuclear systems, can be activated by neutrons during nuclear reactor operations. The decommissioning of nuclear facilities would generate lead–bismuth (Pb–Bi) alloy-contaminated nuclear waste. The current metallic nuclear waste treatment approach involves remelting followed by cementitious solidification. This increases the waste volume and
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Regulable surface hydroxyl group content in disperse ultrafine amorphous SiO2 nanoparticles Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 Desheng Yang, Tiecheng Cai, Hongbing Yang, Wei Wei, Qian Guo, Jialing Liu, Xiaojuan Yan, Yuanyuan Li, Jie Zhang, Jiangong Li
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Impact of impurities on the thermal properties of a Li2S–SiS2–LiPO3 glass Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-01-09 Jacob Wheaton, Steve W. Martin
The preparation of 0.58 Li2S + 0.315 SiS2 + 0.105 LiPO3 glass, and the impacts of polysulfide and P1P defect structure impurities on the glass transition temperature (Tg), crystallization temperature (Tc), working range (ΔT≡ Tc - Tg), fragility index, and the Raman spectra were evaluated using statistical analysis. In this study, 33 samples of this glass composition were synthesized through melt-quenching
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Electrochemical behavior and degradation mechanism of lithium disilicate glass ceramics in acidic environment Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2024-01-04 Soraya Lakhloufi, Najoua Labjar, Houda Labjar, Malika Serghini-Idrissi, Souad El Hajjaji
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Effective thermal conductivity of fiberglass insulation Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-28 Manoj K. Choudhary, Walter Eastes
Globally, the operational energy usage in buildings accounts for about 30% of the final energy consumption and 26% of the energy-related emissions. In 2022, the building sector recorded 132 EJ in energy usage and 9.8 Gt of CO2 emissions. Energy-intensive space heating and air conditioning play a significant role in these statistics, with slightly over half of US home energy usage attributed to them
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Rheology of a sodium-molybdenum borosilicate melt undergoing phase separation Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-17 Luiz Pereira, Sophie Schuller, Fabian B. Wadsworth, Jérémie Vasseur, Ricardo F. Lancelotti, Kai-Uwe Hess, Stéphane Gossé, Donald B. Dingwell
During glass production, phase separation can result in the formation of suspended liquid droplets, which can cause changes in the system rheology. In nuclear waste vitrification context, some new glassy matrices may present this phase separation matter, but the mechanisms controlling the viscosity changes have not yet been determined. Here, we measure the viscosity of a sodium-borosilicate melt containing
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Thermally matched chalcogenide glasses with high refractive index contrast for infrared graded-index lenses Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Qian Chen, Anping Yang, Cheng Ma, Zhijie Yang, Zijun Liu, Xiang Shen, Zhiyong Yang
Infrared graded-index (GRIN) lenses are desirable for realizing miniaturization and lightweight of infrared imaging systems. Chalcogenide glasses have excellent infrared transparency, good rheological property, and large refractive index range, making them preferred materials for infrared GRIN lenses. In this work, aiming to find thermally matched chalcogenide compositions with high refractive index
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Modeling and optimization of the sagging process for large-size and high-purity silica glass synthesis Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Chengshuai Li, Suping Yin, Qianli Ma, Haisheng Fang
Glass sagging is a subsequent process to the CVD process used for large-size and high-purity silica glass synthesis. Physical phenomena taking place in this process are complicated which need an in-depth understanding for better control. In this paper, a comprehensive study is conducted for the sagging process using a level-set and enthalpy-porosity coupled model. With this model, the deforming behavior
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The Gladstone–Dale relation: Applications in oxide glasses Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-20 Elizabeth M. Tsekrekas, Alexis G. Clare
The Gladstone–Dale relation is among one of the many formulae put forward in the 19th century to try and relate the index of refraction and density of a material. Compared to other relations of the time, the Gladstone–Dale relation is advantageous as it is relatively simple to use. It has been suggested that the Gladstone–Dale relation can be used as a reliable way to calculate the index of refraction
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A new perspective for nucleation and nanocrystallization from interfacial energy and nanoscale composition fluctuations in glasses Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-19 Takayuki Komatsu, Tsuyoshi Honma
Nucleation behaviors in glasses/supercooled liquids (SCLs) such as lithium disilicate Li2O–2SiO2, cordierite Mg2Al4Si5O18, fresnoite Ba2TiSi2O8, and K2O–Nb2O5–GeO2/TeO2 glasses were analyzed and discussed from the interfacial energy γ at SCL–nucleus interfaces and nanoscale composition fluctuations. Based on the fragility concept for SCLs and the intrinsic origin of γ, the magnitude order of γ(fragile
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Cold-cap structure in a slurry-fed electric melter Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-22 Pavel Ferkl, Pavel Hrma, Jaroslav Kloužek, Albert A. Kruger, Richard Pokorný
As glass batch is charged into an electric melter, a cold cap forms on the glass melt surface. Heat transfer to the cold cap from the molten glass below and the melter atmosphere above determines the melting rate. A mathematical model of the cold cap and the experimental kinetic data of the feed-to-glass conversion that were collected for several simulated low-activity and high-level waste melter feeds
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Effect of ZrSnO4 solid solution on the crystallization behavior of Li2O–Al2O3–SiO2 glasses Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-22 Takato Kajihara, Hiroyuki Hijiya, Satoshi Yoshida, Kakeru Ninomiya, Maiko Nishibori, Hikaru Saito, Shigeru Fujino, Satoshi Hata
Herein, the crystallization behavior of a Li2O–Al2O3–SiO2 (LAS) glass system with the addition of ZrO2 and SnO2 as nucleating agents was investigated using X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray absorption fine-structure measurements. At lower heat-treatment temperatures, the addition of ZrO2 and SnO2 afforded a ZrSnO4
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Issue Information Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-04
Cover Photograph: In a study of low-deformation machining, the top figure shows that the recovery volume of scratches on a glass-ceramic surface varies after being annealed at different temperatures, indicating the densification and residual stress induced by the material removal process. The lower figure shows an HRTEM image of the scratch microstructure in cross-section. The excess processing energy
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High-throughput laser-based surface functionalization for fabrication of superhydrophobic soda-lime glass Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-04 Qinghua Wang, Chao Liu, Kai Yin, Yongqi Zhou, Huixin Wang
Rendering transparent materials extreme wettability, for example, superhydrophobicity or superhydrophilicity, has received considerable attention during the past decades. While fabrication of superhydrophobic glass with high processing efficiency and low production cost has always been a challenge. In this work, a laser-based surface functionalization process that combines ultraviolet (UV) nanosecond
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The influence of Al2O3 concentration on the NaYF4 crystallization in oxyfluoride glass–ceramics Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Rajesh Dagupati, Mercedes Sedano, Róbert Klement, Jose J. Velázquez, Alicia Durán, Francisco Muñoz, Maria J. Pascual, Dušan Galusek
The influence of Al2O3 addition on the precipitation of NaYF4 crystals in oxyfluoride glasses has been investigated through the thermal, structural, and optical characterization of the parent glasses and corresponding glass–ceramics (GCs). The high-resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis of the GC with 5 mol% of Al2O3 shows the presence of phase-separated droplets about 69 nm in size containing
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Influence of humidity in the alteration of unstable glasses Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-04 Elena Laso, Mario Aparicio, Teresa Palomar
The control of humidity between certain limits is essential to avoid the alteration of historical objects, such as unstable historical glasses. However, the usual limits can be altered due to the presence of volatile organic compounds. This work presents the results of the exposure of soda, potash, and mixed-alkali silicate glasses to neutral and acidic (formic) atmospheres with ∼30%, ∼70%, and ∼100%
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Precipitation of cerianite crystals and its effect on the rheology of a simplified nuclear glass melt Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-07-05 Jeanini Jiusti, Elise Regnier, Norma Maria Machado, Mohamed Leith Ghazzai, Vincent Malivert, Muriel Neyret, François Faure
In France, high-activity level wastes resulting from nuclear fission are conditioned in a homogeneous sodium-aluminoborosilicate glass by high-temperature vitrification. The tolerance of even a small fraction of crystals could enable an increase in the waste loadings, in addition to promoting process flexibility. If the waste loading were to be increased in French nuclear glass, cerianite (CeO2) crystals
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White-light emission and red scintillation from Mn2+ ions single-doped aluminum-silicate glasses Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-07-04 Zhehao Hua, Gao Tang, Qinhua Wei, Laishun Qin, Youqiang Huang, Peiqing Cai, Gongxun Bai, Zhenzhen Zhou, Gang Zhou, Jing Ren, Zexuan Sui, Sen Qian, Zhigang Wang
A series of Mn2+ single-doped 0.2Gd2O3-0.2Al2O3-0.6SiO2 (GAS: xMn2+) glasses with Si3N4 as reducing agent were prepared. The presence of [SiO4-x] defects and Mn2+ ions was determined from the absorption and excitation spectra of the glasses. With the increase of Mn2+ concentration, the intensity of blue emission decreases, while the intensity of red emission increases. The color coordinate of GAS:
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Effect of TiO2 on the occurrence and distribution of chromium in stainless-steel slag glass ceramics Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-06-14 Zhifang Tong, Jiaxing Wang, Congcong Xu, Zhaoxun Xie
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High temperature near IR spectral absorption of clear SiO2-based glasses Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-05-02 A. J. Faber, Domingos de Sousa Meneses, Peter A. van Nijnatten
Experimental high temperature near infrared (NIR) absorption spectra of different SiO2-based glasses, including lead silicate crystal glass, clear soda lime silicate (SLS) glass and fused silica with low and high OH content, are compared. The more polarizable the glass, the stronger is the increase in the high temperature NIR absorption at wavelengths < 2 µm, involving a red shift of the optical bandgap
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Alternative raw material research for decarbonization of UK glass manufacture Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-04-29 Wei Deng, Daniel J. Backhouse, Feroz Kabir Kazi, Ronak Janani, Chris Holcroft, Marlin Magallanes, Martyn Marshall, Caroline M. Jackson, Paul A. Bingham
Based on the current UK decarbonization policy, a general outlook on potential routes for the glass industry to achieve net-zero is discussed and the differentiation during decarbonization is specified. Biomass ash is considered a potential alternative raw material for low-carbon glass manufacture as it is rich in certain advantageous components, chiefly network modifiers. Simple sieving processes
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Review of bismuth-doped fibers used in O-band optical amplifiers-scientific challenges and outlook Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-04-19 Jiawei Luo, Vitaly Mikhailov, Robert Windeler, Daryl Inniss, David DiGiovanni
Bismuth-doped phosphosilicate fibers have become the most promising gain medium for O-band amplifiers. Yet scientific challenges on understanding the nature of bismuth active centers (BACs), mechanisms of bismuth cluster formation in the phosphosilicate glass network still exist. It is likely that multiple BACs with different oxidation states in different structural sites all contribute to the broad
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Effect of femtosecond laser irradiation on structure-terahertz property relationship in sodium borosilicate glasses Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-04-07 Nicholas J. Tostanoski, Randall E. Youngman, S. K. Sundaram
We report the effect of high-repetition rate femtosecond (fs) laser irradiation on structure-terahertz (THz) property relationship for sodium borosilicate glasses. We have used nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS), and Raman spectroscopy to examine pristine and laser irradiated regions of these glasses to determine and quantify boron speciation, THz refractive
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Elemental behaviors of γ-irradiated borosilicate glass as a vitrification model Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-04-04 Jiandong Zhang, Xiaoyu Xia, Fanrong Zeng, Xiaochong Xi, Xiaoyang Zhang, Yuhe Pan, Yuxi Sun, Wenbao Jia, Haibo Peng
Borosilicate glass has been extensively studied due to its unique properties of solidifying high-level radioactive waste (HLW). However, the responses of borosilicate glass under γ irradiation are not fully understood. In this work, NBS9 and NBS10 glass were irradiated by γ-rays at absorbed doses of 8 kGy and 800 kGy, respectively. Scanning electronic microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray, and time-of-flight
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An insight into the thermal processability of highly bioactive borosilicate glasses through kinetic approach Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-03-31 Anustup Chakraborty, Subhadip Bodhak, Atiar Rahaman Molla, Kalyandurg Annapurna, Kaushik Biswas
The paucity of crystallization resistant bioactive glasses with desired biological functions stands as a bottleneck toward the fabrication of various biomedical constructs such as amorphous coatings, scaffolds, and fibers for advanced tissue engineering applications. In this context, a series of borosilicate-based bioactive glasses with a range of compositions: (53.88 − x)SiO2–21.7Na2O–21.7CaO–1.7P2O5–xB2O3
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Effect of material properties on batch-to-glass conversion kinetics Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-03-23 Pavel Ferkl, Pavel Hrma, Jaroslav Kloužek, Albert A. Kruger, Richard Pokorný
A recently developed model of the cold cap—the reacting glass batch (melter feeds) floating on molten glass in an electric glass melter—couples heat transfer with the feed-to-glass conversion kinetics. The model allows for determining the distributions of temperature and various properties within the cold cap. In the present study, this model is applied to four melter feeds designed for high-level
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Toward controllable material removal of glass–ceramic surface for low-deformation machining Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-03-15 Huaicheng Zhou, Chengqiang Feng, Yu Lin, Jian Gao, Bingjun Yu, Linmao Qian
Due to its extremely high optical uniformity and excellent hot stability, glass–ceramic serves as a key material for ultraprecision imaging of lithography lens, and low-deformation machining is of significance for achieving high-quality surface. Aiming at controllable processing, the annealing of different nanoscratches on glass–ceramic was investigated for revealing the mechanism of material removal
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Glass transition temperature of low-activity waste nuclear glasses Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-03-08 Jaime L. George, Pavel Ferkl, Jose Marcial, Tongan Jin, Pavel Hrma, Albert A. Kruger
The glass transition temperature (Tg) is a parameter used in many glass melt viscosity models as it denotes a temperature around which liquid-glass transition occurs. In this work, Tg values were measured for a series of low-activity waste (LAW) glasses using differential scanning calorimetry. These data were combined with Tg data of other waste glasses available from literature. The combined dataset
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Insights on surface analysis techniques to study glass primary packaging Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-02-24 Giovanna Pintori, Serena Panighello, Odra Pinato, Elti Cattaruzza
During the forming process of a vial by tubing glass, temperatures of up to 1200°C are applied to adjust the glass viscosity. This process causes the release of volatile components such as alkali borates. Consequently, the percentage of sodium and boron measured on the inner surface of the vial can be higher than that measured on the corresponding glass tube. This study aimed to characterize the inner
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Key melt properties for controlled synthesis of glass beads by aerodynamic levitation coupled to laser heating Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-02-23 Jan Baborák, Maureen Yembele, Petr Vařák, Sandra Ory, Emmanuel Véron, Michael J. Pitcher, Mathieu Allix, Pavla Nekvindová, Alessio Zandonà
Binary alkali silicate glasses were synthesized as beads by aerodynamic levitation coupled to laser heating to test the applicability of the method to this compositional range. While bubble-free lithium disilicate beads could be easily obtained, sodium and potassium silicates proved more challenging to melt without significant alkali evaporation: the final samples contained bubbles and exhibited compositional
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An optical technique based on silicate glass sintering for temperature mapping Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-01-21 Noah Burke, Panagiotis Panoutsopoulos, Otto J. Gregory
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Structure and redox ratio of soda-lime-silica glasses with high iron oxide concentrations Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-01-20 Tina Tasheva, Ruzha Harizanova, Irena Mihailova, Zara Cherkezova-Zheleva, Daniela Paneva, Milena Nedkova, Christian Rüssel
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Study on gas trapping during precision glass molding of microlens array in a nitrogen atmosphere Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-01-19 Tianfeng Zhou, Zihao Zeng, Qian Yu, Jia Zhou, Peng Liu, Xibin Wang
Microlens arrays will suffer from filling defects due to trapped gas when molded in a nitrogen atmosphere by precision glass molding (PGM). In this paper, a multistep molding method is proposed to avoid gas trapping and improve the accuracy of a microlens array. The defect formation mechanism of the microlens array caused by the trapped gas is investigated, and the effect of the molding pressure on
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Effect of draw temperature and flame polishing on birefringence of silica glass fiber Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-01-15 Bronson D. Hausmann, Thomas W. Hawkins, John Ballato, Minoru Tomozawa
Recently developed methods for high resolution birefringence measurement have been applied to distinguish between the surface and interior birefringence of silica glass fibers as a function of drawing temperature and initial surface condition for two types of silica glass with different water contents. Fibers were drawn in a water-free argon environment using graphite heating elements. It was found
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Case II diffusion of water in Na2O–3SiO2 glass: Constant tensile stress gradient at the diffusion interface Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-01-13 Bronson D. Hausmann, Minoru Tomozawa
Some polymers and oxide glasses exhibit unusual diffusion of liquid or gas, with the depth of diffusion exhibiting a linear increase with time, instead of normal square root of time dependence. There have been many models, but very few experimental data that can help clarify the cause of the phenomenon's existence in glass. Residual stress in sodium trisilicate glass (Na2O–3SiO2) samples was characterized
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Structural, spectroscopic, and radiation shielding properties of Pb2+-doped borate and phosphate glasses Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2022-12-22 Hosam Othman, Brian Topper, Hagar Elkholy, Doris Möncke
Lead-containing alkali/alkaline-earth borate and barium lead phosphate glasses were prepared by melt-quenching for a detailed investigation of the Pb2+ ions’ optical properties. UV–Vis absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy reveal variations in the s–p transition of Pb2+, which are shown to correlate with the optical basicity of the host glass in both borates and phosphates. Pb2+ emission differs
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Structural, thermal, and DC conductivity properties of WO3–P2O5 glasses doped with B2O3 Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2022-11-30 Svetlana V. Pershina
In this study, glasses in composition 70WO3–(30 − х)P2O5–хB2O3 (0 ≤ х ≤ 20 mol%) were prepared by melt quenching method. The glass formation, structure, and thermal and electrical properties are discussed. Homogeneous glasses were obtained at x = 0–10 mol% B2O3, whereas glasses with x = 15 and 20 contain microinclusions of WO3. The glass transition temperature decreases from 709 to 531.6°C with increasing
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Evaluation of nuclear transmutation effects due to beta decay on borosilicate glasses Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2022-11-20 Fan Yang, Shikun Zhu, Xu Chen, Jiangjiang Mao, Peng Lv, Haibo Peng, Tieshan Wang
In the study of deep geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste (HLW), beta decay has been widely studied, whereas the nuclear transmutation effects due to beta decay on vitrification are generally neglected. In this work, a series of sodium borosilicate glasses doped with cesium was fabricated. The nuclear transmutation due to beta decay evolving with the deposited time was simulated by substituting
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Radiation effects on the structure and alteration behavior of an SiO2–Al2O3–B2O3–Na2O glass Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2022-10-17 Amreen Jan, Jean-Marc Delaye, Huseyin Kaya, Seong H. Kim, Anamul Haq Mir, Thibault Charpentier, Frédéric Angeli, Stephane Gin
As borosilicate glasses are used in many countries to immobilize fission products and minor actinides after spent fuel reprocessing before storage in a deep geological repository, assessing that their chemical durability is of paramount importance. Here, pristine and preirradiated (952 MeV, 136Xe) SiO2–B2O3–Al2O3–Na2O glasses with the same molar ratios as in the French SON68 and ISG glasses have been
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Investigation of glass sintering to improve strength and interfacial interactions in glass-to-AISI 316L metal joints Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2022-10-17 Melis Can Özdemir Yanık, Onur Demirel, Mustafa Elmadağlı, Esin Günay, Süheyla Aydın
The relationship between sintering and glass-to-metal bonding, which are almost the initial and the last stages of glass-to-metal seal production, has been demonstrated in this study. In this context, a type of barium alkali silicate glass was prepared, and thermal properties were determined by differential thermal analysis, dilatometer, hot-stage microscope, and high-temperature viscosity analysis
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Comprehensive review of advances in the field of chalcogenide glass microresonators Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2022-09-23 Soumya Suresh, Sheenu Thomas
Chalcogenide glasses (ChGs) are technologically superior materials, and their properties underpin the demands of whispering gallery mode–based integrated photonic devices. The prime focus of this review is to showcase the recent advances in the field of ChG high Q cavities. The review also covers the theoretical research aspects and brief on the research challenges and limitations involved in the topic
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Conversion degree and heat transfer in the cold cap and their effect on glass production rate in an electric melter Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2022-09-17 Pavel Ferkl, Pavel Hrma, Alexander Abboud, Donna Post Guillen, Miroslava Vernerová, Jaroslav Kloužek, Mark Hall, Albert A. Kruger, Richard Pokorný
A predictive model of melt rate in waste glass vitrification operations is needed to inform melter operations during normal and off-normal operations. This paper describes the development of a model of the cold cap (the reacting melter feed floating on molten glass in a glass melter) that couples heat transfer with the feed-to-glass conversion kinetics. The model was applied to four melter feeds designed
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Silver dissolution and precipitation in an Na2O–ZnO–B2O3 metallization paste glass Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2022-09-17 Lina Heuser, Marianne Nofz, Ralf Müller, Joachim Deubener
Thermally stimulated interactions between silver and glass, that is, silver dissolution as Ag+ and precipitation as Ag0 were studied in two glass series of molar target composition xAg2O–(19 − x)Na2O–28ZnO–53B2O3 with x = 0, 0.1, 0.5, 5 and (19Na2O–28ZnO–53B2O3)+yAg2O with y = 0.01, 0.05. These act as model for low-melting borate glasses being part of metallization pastes. The occurrence of metallic
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Avoiding glass spot defect arising from roller hydrogen embrittlement via regulating protective atmosphere distribution Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2022-09-16 Lianjie Tong, Changjun Wang, Qingshan Zhang, Wenfeng Li, Shiqing Xu, Shimin Liu
A kind of float glass spot defect, characterized by small size, metallic luster, and difficult to clean, adheres only to the lower surface (contacts with molten tin) of the float glass ribbon. This defect causes serious production loss. Therefore, determining the precise source of this spot defect and the effective prevention of its occurrence is vital in the scientific interest and technological significance
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Simulation and measurement of ultrathin glass residual stress Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2022-09-07 Lianjie Tong, Shimin Liu, Yaming Sun, Jianmin Gu, Shiqing Xu
Accurate simulation and measurement of the residual stress are pressing needs in ultrathin glass (UTG) industrial stable production. Herein, the heat transfer in an annealing lehr and the residual stresses at different positions along the width of the UTG ribbon were simulated by the finite element method and measured via the Vickers indentation. The residual stresses at 400 and 600 mm to the edge
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Liquid fragility maximum in lithium borate glass-forming melts related to the local structure Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2022-09-02 Oliver L. G. Alderman, Chris J. Benmore, Bryce Reynolds, Brock Royle, Steve Feller, Rick J. K. Weber
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Effect of starting materials of nucleation agents on crystallization of CaO–Al2O3–SiO2 glass Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2022-08-27 Shingo Machida, Kei Maeda, Ken-ichi Katsumata, Atsuo Yasumor
The effect of the starting materials of the nucleation agents for glass–ceramics (GCs) was explored. The number of hexagonal platy particles of metastable-CaAl2Si2O8 in CaO–Al2O3–SiO2 (CAS) GCs was increased by changing the sizes of molybdenum oxide (MoO3) and carbon particles used as starting materials of the nucleation agents. X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that all of GC specimens display
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Assessment of rhenium as a surrogate for technetium in Hanford low activity waste borosilicate glasses: Speciation, solubility, and redox effects Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2022-08-27 Hao Gan, David A. McKeown, Xiaogang Xie, Ian L. Pegg
Re is often used as a nonradioactive surrogate for Tc in borosilicate melts because both elements have similar valences, ionic radii, and coordination environments. Re solubility in high sodium borosilicate waste glasses is sensitive to melter redox conditions; at 1150°C the solubility is ∼4130 ppm under oxidizing atmospheres. Raman, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction show that Re
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Structure-terahertz property relationship in sodium borosilicate glasses Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2022-08-21 Nicholas J. Tostanoski, Doris Möncke, Randall Youngman, S. K. Sundaram
We report, for the first time, an early evidence of structure-terahertz (THz) property relationship for two tie-lines within the sodium borosilicate glass system. The NaBSi series was chosen to study the effect of the substitution of silicon dioxide for boron oxide, whereas the BNaSi series studies the substitution of silicon dioxide for sodium oxide. Nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared absorption
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Unveiling the electronic structures and optical properties of alkaline-earth oxides–modified silicate glasses Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2022-08-17 Neng Li, Tian Kang, Zuhao Shi, Yuling Liu, Tengfei Deng
The electronic structure, interatomic bonding, and optical properties of mixed alkaline-earth metal oxides MO (M = Mg, Ca) on amorphous silica glasses were calculated by combined ab initio molecular dynamics and the orthogonalized linear combination of atomic orbitals approaches. With the addition of alkaline-earth metal oxides, the original structural network model is destroyed, nonbridging oxygen
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Effect of high pressure in barium disilicate glass investigated by DTA and Raman spectroscopy Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2022-08-17 Leonardo Evaristo, Rafael Silveira, Matheus Tissot, Gisele Hippler, Benjamin Moulton, Silvio Buchner
This work aimed to explore the effect of high pressures at room temperature on the vibrational modes and the thermal properties and stability of barium disilicate glass (BaO-2SiO2) (BS2). The BS2 was prepared through the conventional melting route at atmospheric pressure. After being submitted to different pressure values (2.5 GPa, 4.0 GPa, and 7.7 GPa) and room temperature, the samples were characterized