Silver nanoparticles were synthesized with clay mineral (montmorillonite)/PVP (polyvinyl pyrrolidone) suspensions using an electrochemical approach. The polymer and exfoliated clay mineral solution protect and prevent aggregation of the silver nanoparticles. The clay mineral component is environmentally friendly and low cost. Unlike other studies, the clay platelets are exfoliated (sheared apart to

This work reports on readily available and low cost acorus calamus rhizome (PCR) treated by hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions to develop new materials labelled acid treated calamus rhizome (ACR) and base treated calamus rhizome (BCR) respectively. The materials were used as adsorbents for the removal of Cr(VI) and Pb(II) ions. The characterization revealed that surface area

Core-shell SiO2@p-CuO semiconductor composite structure-based junction diodes were fabricated by using a metal oxide semiconducting material. The core-shell SiO2@p-CuO composite structure was successfully fabricated by co-precipitation route. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy is used to inspect the structure & vibrational modes. Field Emission SEM (FE-SEM) was used to analyse the morphology

Here, copper oxide doped gadolinium oxide nanospikes (CuO.GdO NSs) were prepared by hydrothermal process at low temperature in an alkaline phase. CuO.GdO NSs were characterized by conventional techniques, for example Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), UV–visible Spectroscopy (UV–visible), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) equipped with

In the course of the deposition of Inconel 825 layer on AISI304 stainless steel by tungsten inert gas (TIG) cladding route, the geometry of the single line clad tracks for different processing conditions was evaluated and correlated with the employed processing current and pre-placed powder thickness. The analysis revealed an enhancement in the clad track width, clad height along with the dilution

Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) with cubic shape was synthesized using a non-toxic solvent comprising of choline chloride (ChCl) and citric acid (CA). From the Tauc plot, the direct and indirect optical band gaps were found to be 2.53 eV and 1.7 eV respectively. Characteristic peaks in the Fourier transform infrared spectrum at 633 cm−1 and 587 cm−1 proved the presence of Fe-O bond linkage. XRD peaks

Microporous α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized by employing the extract of Spondias dulcis leaves by green-synthesis technique for the first time. The nanoparticles were characterized by many techniques. A continual absorption band without any peak in UV-vis spectrum and a strong signal for iron and oxygen atoms in EDS confirmed the formation of iron-oxide nanoparticles. Rod-like structures with

Dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) were fabricated using extracted dyes from Hibiscus rosa-sinensis flower, helianthus annuus flower, mimosa pudica leaves, Luffa cylindrical flower and Lonchocarpus cyanescens leaves. The TiO2 photoelectrodes were prepared and deposited using Doctor blade method and then annealed at 450 °C. The elemental composition, structural and morphological studies of the TiO2

Photocatalytically efficient ZnO:Ta/g-C3N4 coatings were deposited on stainless steel mesh (SSM) substrates using nebulizer spray technique for effective decomposition of toxic organic dyes discharged as textile effluents. Structure, morphology and composition of the coated material were analyzed using XRD, SEM and EDAX. Dye decomposition studies show that the efficiency increases remarkably when Ta

The importance of the adsorption process and growth demand for using of cost-effective methods has increased the use of low-cost inorganic sorbents. In this study, a batch system was used to remove diclofenac sodium (DF) using pumice modified with trimethylamine (TMAP). Analysis of FTIR, XRF, SEM and BET were used for determining the adsorbent properties. Adsorbent dosage (0.1-1.5 g/L), contact time

The high temperature resistance behaviour of the TiNi shape memory alloy (SMA) B19′→B2 phase transformation zone was investigated in TiNi alloy powder. The powder samples were subjected to cyclic thermal treatment in air. Firstly, the TiNi alloy powders were annealed at 500 °C, 600 °C, 700 °C and 800 °C for 6 h in air. On another study, the TiNi alloy powder was annealed at 400 °C for 30 h, 60 h, 90 h

In order to exploit the aluminum potential in industrial environments, the application of alloying is fundamental. Anyway, this entails drawbacks such as decrement of mechanical bulk properties and corrosion phenomena. The surface engineering, and particularly the surface coatings, allows the local modification of the samples properties to overtake these criticisms. Copper it is often applied as a

In this paper, the effects of sintering techniques (conventional, CS and electric resistance, ERS) and SiC content (1, 3 and 5 wt. %) on the microstructural, mechanical and tribological properties were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed for microstructural investigation. Density, porosity and hardness

In this study, the Co3O4.Fe2O3 nanospheres (NSs) was prepared by hydrothermal process in high alkaline environment of pH 10.5. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field Emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction analysis were performed to characterize the prepared Co3O4.Fe2O3 NSs. The Co3O4.Fe2O3 NSs was subjected to deposit onto

In this paper, the wood powder from the shell of Argan nuts was used in raw form, or modified form by Sodium hydroxide, as a new economic and ecologic adsorbent. The effectiveness of these materials was evaluated on Methylene Blue (MB), a cationic dye. Those adsorbents were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The effect of

Many industrial applications require hydrophobic surfaces with high-temperature compatibility. Ceramic surfaces, which have excellent endurance for high-temperature, are generally hydrophilic. For such applications, the required hydrophobicity is induced in ceramic surfaces with suitable polymeric agents by using different surface grafting techniques. To avoid the costly grafting process, suitable

In this study, mesoporous manganese oxide-titanium dioxide (Mn2O3/TiO2) nanocomposites have been synthesized following sol-gel method. Different molar ratios of Mn/Ti were evaluated and MT2 (5:1) showed the best photoactivity as well as carrier transport properties. The Langmuir–Hinshelwood model was delineated to calculate the reaction rate which was found to be highest for MT2 (min-1). Several parameters

We report on the structural and electrical properties of Mg ion implanted semiconductor-metal transition of vanadium dioxide thin films with three different ion fluences. The effect of introducing Mg implants showed interchange, rearrangement, and modification of atoms in the lattice structure of VO2. The (011) monoclinic signature of VO2 is significantly affected; (i) peak broadening and shift of

In this study, kraft pulping and autohydrolysis as combinative pre-treatment were performed on oil palm fronds (OPF-MCC) followed by acid hydrolysis before isolating microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). Further characterization techniques where applied on the isolated MCC for better understanding of its performance. Immobilization technique using fabricated glass system was employed is studying the ability

The corrosion inhibition performance of carbon steel by Benzyltributylammonium tetrachloroferrate ([BTBA]+[FeCl4]−)was investigated in 1 N HCl solution and compared with theoretical results. The electrochemical impedance results showed that [BTBA]+[FeCl4]−ionic liquid act as an effective inhibitor for carbon steel corrosion in acidic medium and maximum inhibition efficiency was found to be 99.5% at

This paper describes an analytical method to evaluate the kind and the number of inclusion particles on the surface of a recycled Al ingot using laser-induced breakdown spectrometry (LIBS) with scanning laser beam. The surface was observed with scanning electron microscope - energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDX) as well as scanning LIBS in the same viewing positions, in which inclusion particles

Thin films of titanium suboxides were deposited through grid-assisted magnetron sputtering on glass substrates at different temperatures (room, 373 K, 473 K, 573 K and 673 K). The physical, chemical and morphological properties of the samples were measured by grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD), contact angle measurement, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM)

Theoretical chemists have predicted that Ti2CO2 and Ti3C2O2 possess an indirect bandgap that causes them to transform into semiconductors. However, few experiments have reported the appropriate bandgap for Ti3C2O2 and Ti2CO2. In this study, we first proved that Ti3C2O2 is a semiconductor by using a base-assisted intercalation method. A comprehensive study, including spectroscopy measurements, a computational

Synthesis of conformal coatings of MOFs, especially water stable ones, on different surfaces is of paramount interest due to their potential applications including electrocatalysis, sensing, and separation. Despite previous efforts that resulted in successful deposition of thin-films of MOFs on flat surfaces, a rapid, low cost, and atom-efficient synthesis of such thin-films is still challenging. Herein

The inhibition action of the Portulaca grandiflora leaf (PGL) extract against corrosion on N80 carbon steel was tested under 0.5 M HCl acidic conditions at variable temperatures and inhibitor concentrations. The performance behaviour of PGL was evaluated by weight loss and electrochemical techniques including polarisation measurement, open circuit potential, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

The role of substrate orientation on the electrochemical lithiation of single crystalline Si has been investigated using Si single crystal having two orientations. It has been demonstrated that the lithiation process in Si (100) occurs via amorphization while that in Si (111) occurs through the intermediacy of various Li-Si alloying phases ranging from LixSi to Li15Si4. Three phase lithiation process

A hydrophobic ratchet which consisted of teeth with gradient inclination was prepared in this work. The dynamic behaviors of resonant drops on the ratchet were experimentally investigated using a high-speed camera. According to our results, there are four types of behaviors of a resonant drop on the ratchet, including deformation in situ, wriggling, jumping and breaking up. For a wriggling or jumping

In this work, we report the synthesis of lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2) nanoparticles by co-precipitation method using lithium nitrate and cobalt chloride as precursor materials in two different molar ratios with sodium hydroxide as a precipitating agent. Specimens of LiCoO2 were studied for its structural, morphological and dielectric properties through XRD, SEM, EDAX, FTIR, UV–visible spectroscopy

Titanium exhibits poor mechanical features such as low hardness and wear resistance. In this research, we considerably enhance the hardness and wear resistance of Ti by a simple laser surface treatment method. Titanium carbide (TiC) structure was successfully generated on Ti samples by means of laser. Vickers hardness indenter, wear test, impedance spectroscopy, and polarization analyses were carried

In this study, the effects of ion-beam parameters on the mechanical, optical and inner structural characteristics of niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5) thin films is investigated. Where a vacuum coating system equipped with a gun of an electron beam at ambient substrate temperature is employed to precipitate Nb2O5 films onto substrates of dissolved silica glass via electron-beam supported by oxygen ions. It

Hybrid metal oxide nanocomposites (NCs) show promising ascribe in the field of gas sensor due to the formation of hetero or homo junction between different materials. In present paper, we report the preparation of heterostructured CdO/ZnO NCs via two step process (co-precipitation followed by sol-gel dip coating) and demonstrate their gas sensing performance towards n-butanol gas. The structural study

This paper describes a new approach for enhancing the pitting corrosion resistance of aluminum 1050 alloy. The aluminum surface was treated by pulsed laser (850 mJ) prior to anodization. Anodization was carried out at 15 V in a hybrid electrolyte saturated with reduced graphene nanocomposite (rGO-Ag). The oxide layer was analyzed using polarization and cyclic voltammetry tests. The microstructure and

In the present study, a data-driven approach was applied to study the effect of silicon percentage, surface roughness, elapsed time, and water droplet size on contact angle (CA) of hypereutectic cast Al-Si alloys. In addition, corrosion resistance of the alloys was studied as a function of silicon content and the surface roughness. A factorial design was utilized for the design of experiment, and statistical

Iron-Manganese Phosphate composite coatings are formed in order to protect the surface of D2 steel from corrosion. The coating has been established by immersion method. Addition of sodium silicate (additive) in different concentration to the phosphating solution altered the coating weight, coating time, morphology, porosity and anti-corrosion performance of phosphate chemical conversion (PCC) coatings

In this study, we focused on the performance of an adsorbent such as a hydromagnesite stromatolite (HS) for rapid and efficient ultrasonic-assisted adsorption of Basic Blue 3, Basic Yellow 28 and Acid Red 336 dyes from aqueous solution. The initial dye concentration (0.05-0.10 g/L), adsorbent dose (0.1–0.5 g), pH (2–10), and temperature (20-40 °C) were evaluated. HS was characterized by means of BET

Changes in legislation have led to Cr (VI) being removed from manufacturing processes and this has an impact on the production of chromium coated packaging steel products. Novel substrates produced using Cr(III) in the electroplating process are being developed, but have yet to reach the mature functionality of the Cr(VI) substrates. As part of the development of a Cr(III) plated steel substrate the

This research work gave details on the application of Malacantha alnifolia tree bark as a low-cost adsorbent and a heterogeneous Fenton-catalyst for the removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution. The tree bark was modified using different ratios of ferrous sulphate and hydrogen peroxide (Fenton's reagent). Fenton modification of the adsorbent was more effective at lower concentration of ferrous

Cyclic voltammetry (CV) for Pd electrodeposition on Au from PdCl2+HCl solution between +1.100 and –0.400 V vs Ag/AgCl (3M NaCl) was performed. The CVs exhibit nucleation loop (NL), which can be characterized by higher cathodic current density (j) in the reverse scan rather than that in the forward scan. The reasons for the appearance of NL are investigated by making use of the surface condition of

In this work, the binding of polyphenols isolated from coffee (PIC) with milk protein fractions was investigated by using different spectroscopic techniques as Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic technique, high-performance liquid chromatography, and fluorescence quenching emission method. The polyphenols fraction was isolated from coffee powder using a chromatographic column packed with lipophilic

Exfoliation synthesis of graphene requires a lesser amount of wasteful chemicals and due to the hydrophobic nature, a naturally separated graphene layer is obtained with the method. In this study, three combinations of simple mechanical processes were utilized for the exfoliation synthesis of graphene sheets. The synthesized graphene sheets were characterized with TEM, SAED, SEM and EDS techniques

This work seeks to investigate total-energy electronic structure calculation based on density functional theory in the framework of both local density approximations (LDA) and generalized gradient approximation using Perdew, Burke and Ernzerhof (GGA-PBE) form of exchange-correlation with Grimme van der Waals (vdW) correction. Structural and electronic properties as well as density of states of the

Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) prepared by adsorption of 4-Fluorobenzenethiol (p-FBT) and 4-Fluorobenzenemethanethiol (p-FBMT) on Au(111) substrates with different immersion times (ITs) at room temperature have been characterized using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The resulting p-FBT and p-FBMT monolayers showed substantial differences concerning their adlayer SAM structure and surface morphology

Pure tetragonal BiOI coatings of nano-sized flower-like structure were prepared on the substrate of Bismuth foil by anodic oxidation. The combined results of XRD, Raman and SEM show that the BiOI crystal grains with an average size of 23.2nm preferentially grew along crystal face (102) and (110). The thickness of the as-prepared BiOI coatings was estimated to vary from 5 to 10 μm. The great thickness

Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys have received widespread attention as implants for orthopedic surgery due to their degradability and appropriate mechanical properties. However, their poor corrosion resistance may lead to a decline of mechanical properties as well as changes in the surrounding microenvironment, which will eventually lead to their failure as implants. In this work, hyaluronic acid (HYA)